CN102566601B - Sun tracking sensor - Google Patents
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- CN102566601B CN102566601B CN 201210034060 CN201210034060A CN102566601B CN 102566601 B CN102566601 B CN 102566601B CN 201210034060 CN201210034060 CN 201210034060 CN 201210034060 A CN201210034060 A CN 201210034060A CN 102566601 B CN102566601 B CN 102566601B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sun tracking sensor. The sun tracking sensor comprises an aperture, a lens outer ring, a light guide sheet, reflectors, a light splitting base and photosensitive devices, wherein the light splitting base is arranged at the central position of a cavity of the lower pedestal of a lens stand and is provided with the photosensitive devices, the reflectors and a printed circuit board (PCB) circuit assembly; the aperture (6) is provided with the light guide sheet (8) in the inside surface, the light guide sheet (8) is installed at top of a scattered light inlet, when a light spot shines to a bevel, the reflectors project the light spot to the photosensitive device corresponding to the bevel, so that a photoelectric signal generated by the photosensitive device is larger than that of the other symmetrical device, thereby controlling a servo motor of a Y axis or an X axis to align the lens of the sun tracking sensor to the sun. The sun tracking sensor is high in precision, low in cost and small in volume, is applied to large and small equipment, and can also be popularized in small equipment and civil use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sun power and use field, particularly a kind of sun-tracking sensor.
Background technology
Along with the mankind face exhausted worry to global traditional energy, the mankind have accelerated the paces that solar energy development is utilized, and the equipment such as solar water heater, solar energy power generating and facility are in succession succeeded in developing and come into operation.The mankind are also increasingly extensive to full use and the research of sun power.By adopting cumulative or optically focused mode and means, make equipment or system take full advantage of better sun power.Therefore, equipment or system must have sunshine is carried out to real-time detection of dynamic and the ability of tracking.Adopt advanced computer control system, tracking and the control of solar facilities or system being carried out to sunlight have its great superiority, but cost is high, maintenance cost is large, be only suitable in the supporting the use of main equipment or large scale system, generally be not suitable for small-sized and civilian aspect apply and universal., also there are many weak points such as the not high effect of precision is bad in the sun tracker of some gizmos, is difficult to form specific product available.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical matters that will solve
The problem to be solved in the present invention strengthens the accuracy of sun-tracking sensor, reduces costs, and build diminishes, and the sunshine that can apply in the systems such as solar energy heating, heating, the generating of photovoltaic cumulative detects in real time and follows the tracks of and control.
(2) technical scheme
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of sun-tracking sensor, described sun-tracking sensor comprises dustproof translucent cover (1), microscope base (2), convex lens (5), aperture (6), camera lens outer ring (7), light guide sheet (8), reflecting piece (13,14,15,16), light splitting seat (4) and photosensitive device (17,18,19,20,22), the circular cavity structure of the pedestal that described microscope base (2) is a lens barrel that comprises top and bottom, described convex lens (5) and aperture (6) are contained in the top of lens barrel and are fixed by camera lens outer ring (7), described lens barrel stack shell is provided with along circumference X, four, Y-axis line is evenly distributed and symmetry and the identical east of shape, south, west, north scattered light entrance (9, 10, 11, 12), described aperture (6) medial surface is provided with light guide sheet (8), described light splitting seat (4) is placed on the bottom cavity center of described microscope base (2) lower base, on described light splitting seat (4), photosensitive device (17 is housed, 18, 19, 20, 22), reflecting piece (13, 14, 15, 16) and PCB circuit unit (24), described scattered light entrance (9, 10, 11, 12) with light splitting seat (4) on photosensitive device (17, 18, 19, 20), reflecting piece position (13, 14, 15, 16) corresponding, described dustproof translucent cover (1) is contained on microscope base (2).Described aperture (6) medial surface is provided with light guide sheet (8), described light guide sheet (8) is arranged on the top of scattered light entrance, when hot spot impinges upon an inclined-plane, on reflecting piece photosensitive device that dot projection is corresponding to this inclined-plane, the photosignal that this photosensitive device is produced, be greater than its symmetrical another, thereby control the servomotor of Y-axis or X-axis, by the alignment lens sun of sun-tracking sensor.This structure makes the sun-tracking sensor build less, and precision is high, and it can identify the direct projection orientation of sunshine by day, follows the tracks of the running orbit of the sun.In sensor, be distributed in the photosensitive device of light splitting seat, the variation of the luminous energy of the sun and trail change are converted into to electric signal, output encoder instruction after the prime control module is processed, then send the control module of rear class to be processed, and the servomotor running of drive installation on equipment or system platform, reach the optimum reception angle of adjusting with sunshine, make equipment or system constantly towards the direct projection orientation of sunshine, in best sun power accepting state, sun-tracking sensor is not only applied on large mini-plant, mini-plant and civilian aspect also can popularize.
In above-mentioned sun-tracking sensor, the center of described light splitting seat (4) is provided with a direct light receiver hole (23), and remain on same perpendicular line with convex lens (5) and aperture (6) center on microscope base (2) top, described photosensitive device (22) is located in direct light receiver hole (23), and this structure has improved the precision of sun-tracking sensor.
In above-mentioned sun-tracking sensor, the central area of described light splitting seat (4), the cone-shaped body structure that has 4 inclined-planes to surround, 4 inclined-planes are symmetrical along X-axis line, Y-axis line, bevel angle is respectively 45 °, and all posts identical reflecting piece (13,14,15,16) on 4 inclined-planes; Described photosensitive device (17,18,19,20) performance parameter equates, is located at respectively the side of light splitting seat along on X, Y-axis line.This structure can make sunshine reflect on the photosensitive device of conduction opposite position by reflecting piece, has strengthened effect and the accuracy of sensor.
In above-mentioned sun-tracking sensor, in a side of pedestal circular cavity, along the Y-axis line, be provided with surround lighting receiver hole (26), described surround lighting receiver hole (26) is built-in with described photosensitive device (21).
(3) beneficial effect
Sun-tracking sensor of the present invention, can adjust the optimum reception angle of controlled platform and sunshine, make equipment or system constantly towards the direct projection orientation of sunshine, in best sun power accepting state, and strengthened accuracy, reduce costs, build is less, the sunshine that can apply in the systems such as solar energy heating, heating, the generating of photovoltaic cumulative detects in real time and follows the tracks of control, sun-tracking sensor is not only being applied on large mini-plant, mini-plant and civilian aspect also can popularize.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is sun-tracking sensor front view (FV) of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is that sun-tracking sensor W-E of the present invention is to sectional view;
Fig. 3 is that sun-tracking sensor light splitting seat W-E of the present invention is to sectional view;
Fig. 4 is sun-tracking sensor light splitting seat photosensitive device distribution plan of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the cut-open view of the A-A of Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is sun-tracking sensor prime control module circuit diagram of the present invention.
The dustproof translucent cover of 1-in figure, 2-microscope base, 3-lens barrel, 4-light splitting seat, the 5-convex lens, 6-aperture, 7-camera lens outer ring, the 8-light guide sheet, 9-west side scattered light entrance, 10-east side scattered light entrance, 11-north side scattered light entrance, 12-southern side scattered light entrance, 13-reflecting piece, the 14-reflecting piece, the 15-reflecting piece, 16-reflecting piece, 17-photosensitive device, the 18-photosensitive device, the 19-photosensitive device, 20-photosensitive device, 21-photosensitive device, the 22-photosensitive device, 23-direct light receiver hole, 24-PCB component palette, 26-surround lighting receiver hole.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for the present invention is described, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Sun-tracking sensor of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, described sun-tracking sensor comprises dustproof translucent cover 1, microscope base 2, convex lens 5, aperture 6, camera lens outer ring 7, light guide sheet 8, reflecting piece 13,14,15,16, light splitting seat 4 and photosensitive device 17,18,19,20,21,22, the circular cavity structure of the pedestal that described microscope base 2 is a lens barrel that comprises top and bottom, described convex lens 5 and aperture 6 are contained in the top of lens barrel and are fixed by camera lens outer ring 7, described lens barrel stack shell is provided with along circumference X, four, Y-axis line is evenly distributed and symmetry and the identical east of shape, south, west, north scattered light entrance 9, 10, 11, 12, described aperture 6 medial surfaces are provided with light guide sheet 8, described light splitting seat 4 is placed on the center of described microscope base 2 lower base cavitys, on described light splitting seat 4, photosensitive device 17 is housed, 18, 19, 20, 22, reflecting piece 13, 14, 15, 16 and PCB circuit unit 24, described scattered light entrance 9, 10, 11, 12 with light splitting seat 4 on photosensitive device 17, 18, 19, 20, reflecting piece position 13, 14, 15, 16 is corresponding, described dustproof translucent cover 1 is contained on microscope base 2.This structure makes the sun-tracking sensor build less, and precision is high, and it can identify the direct projection orientation of sunshine by day, follows the tracks of the running orbit of the sun.In sensor, be distributed in the photosensitive device of light splitting seat, the variation of the luminous energy of the sun and trail change are converted into to electric signal, output encoder instruction after the prime control module is processed, then send the control module of rear class to be processed, and the servomotor running of drive installation on equipment or system platform, reach the optimum reception angle of adjusting with sunshine, make equipment or system constantly towards the direct projection orientation of sunshine, in best sun power accepting state, sun-tracking sensor is not only applied on large mini-plant, mini-plant and civilian aspect also can popularize.
In above-mentioned sun-tracking sensor, the center of described light splitting seat 4 is provided with a direct light receiver hole 23, and remain on same perpendicular line with convex lens 5 and aperture 6 centers on microscope base 2 tops, described photosensitive device 22 is located in direct light receiver hole 23, and this structure has improved the precision of sun-tracking sensor.
In above-mentioned sun-tracking sensor, the central area of described light splitting seat 4, the cone-shaped body structure that has 4 inclined-planes to surround, 4 inclined-planes are symmetrical along X-axis line, Y-axis line, bevel angle is respectively 45 °, and pastes identical reflecting piece 13,14,15,16 is all arranged on 4 inclined-planes; Described photosensitive device 17,18,19,20 performance parameters equate, are located at respectively the side of light splitting seat along on X, Y-axis line.This structure can make sunshine reflect on the photosensitive device of conduction opposite position by reflecting piece, has strengthened effect and the accuracy of sensor.
In above-mentioned sun-tracking sensor, the side at the pedestal circular cavity, be provided with surround lighting receiver hole 26 along the Y-axis line, and described surround lighting receiver hole 26 is built-in with described photosensitive device 21.
Sunshine planoconvex lens 5 and aperture 6 enter in lens barrel, and at the hot spot of the next about φ 5mm size of surperficial upslide of light splitting seat 4.Along with sun movement (know in figure and press the up north and down south left west and right east) from east to west, sunlight projection hot spot, in the lip-deep position of light splitting seat 4, is by left-to-right simultaneous displacement.When hot spot impinges upon an inclined-plane, on reflecting piece photosensitive device that dot projection is corresponding to this inclined-plane, the photosignal that this photosensitive device is produced, be greater than its symmetrical another.
For convenience of description and describe the problem, we make following regulation by the function of 6 photosensitive devices and photosignal code name:
1.X the axle control signal is produced by photosensitive device 17 and 19, is set as Va and Vb;
2.Y the axle control signal is produced by photosensitive device 18 and 20, is set as Vc and Vd;
3. sun locking signal is produced by photosensitive device 21 and 22, is set as Ve and Vf;
The further instruction problem, we know, sun east every day rises west and falls, and by X-axis line direction, moves.The position of first supposing the sun is sensor axis right-hand in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 now, such as at the about place, orientation at 10 o'clock in the morning.Now, after sunshine planoconvex lens 5 and aperture 6, dot projection, on the surface in light splitting seat 4 left sides, namely impinges upon the position of reflecting piece 13.According to the 1st regulation, have: photosensitive device 17 light signal voltages in left side are Va, photosensitive device 19 light signal voltages in right side are Vb, now this voltage of light signal to photosensitive device has Va>Vb, the X-axis control signal is output as 10, the prompting sun is in center sensor position by east, can drive the clockwise execution orientation adjustment of X-axis servomotor, by the deflection to the right of the angle lens of sensor, until aim at the sun.
Equally, if the left of sensor axis in the drawings appears in the position of the sun, such as the about place, orientation at 2 o'clock in the afternoon.Now dot projection, on the surface on light splitting seat 4 right sides, namely impinges upon the position of reflecting piece 15.According to the 1st regulation, now this voltage of light signal to photosensitive device has Va<Vb, the X-axis control signal is output as 01, the prompting sun is in the position that center sensor is to the west, can drive the X-axis servomotor to reverse and carry out orientation adjustment, by the deflection left of the angle lens of sensor, until aim at the sun.
If the top of sensor axis in the drawings appears in position of sun, such as place, orientation at noon.Now solar facula is incident upon on the center surface of light splitting seat 4, reflecting piece 13 and 15 all is not subject to the irradiation of hot spot, now this voltage of light signal to photosensitive device has Va=Vb, show that the sun now is on the center sensor line, the X-axis control signal is output as 00 or 11, the X-axis servomotor is slack, and now the camera lens of sensor is over against the sun, and this is also that sensor will be calibrated the target of tracking all the time.
When sensor lens and direct sunlight during in same straight line, being arranged on photosensitive devices 22 in light splitting seat 4 center direct light receiver holes 23, to receive solar facula the strongest, generation receives the light signal voltage of photosensitive device 21 higher than surround lighting, that is: Vf>Ve, now photoelectric signal processing circuit will be forbidden the output of X, Y control signal, the servo-drive system of X-axis, Y-axis is quit work, and assurance equipment or system platform are in best sun power accepting state.
When the movement of the sun makes hot spot shift out direct light receiver hole 23, now the light signal voltage Vf of photosensitive device 22 receives the light signal voltage Ve of photosensitive device 21 lower than surround lighting, according to the 3rd regulation, that is: Vf<Ve, X now, Y control signal are allowed to output, can export the control parameter of X-axis, Y-axis servo-drive system, so that sensor and platform continue to follow the tracks of direct projection orientation and the angle of the sun.
Be more than sun-tracking sensor in field, 30 ° of visual angles, when direct sunlight enters in lens barrel via convex lens 5, the description that the meticulous tracking of light splitting seat photoelectricity sampling is controlled.
Below sun-tracking sensor is described departing from 30 ° of visual angles thick tracking calibration principle outside the venue.
Sunshine can be through east side, west side, southern side, scattered light porch, 4 of north sides enter in lens barrel, and direct sunlight can be in different visual angle occasions, impinges upon on 17 or 19 or 20 or 18 photosensitive device.In detail, direct light can impinge upon on photosensitive device 17 through east side scattered light entrance 10; Direct light also can impinge upon on photosensitive device 19 through west side scattered light entrance 9; In like manner, direct light also can impinge upon on photosensitive device 20 through southern side scattered light entrance 12; Direct light also can impinge upon on photosensitive device 18 through north side scattered light entrance 11.Should be noted that, the direct light of the sun can only enter in lens barrel through the scattered light entrance from a direction.Equally, the direct light light intensity of the sun is better than other scattered lights.Therefore, the photosensitive device distributed in lens barrel, when receiving direct light, the signal of the photosignal of generation during than scattered light is many by force, thereby can identify the Position Approximate of the sun.
We first suppose equally, if sensor axis right-hand in Fig. 2 now, the position of the sun, such as at the about place, orientation at 9 o'clock in the morning.Now the direct light of the sun enters through the scattered light entrance 10 in east side, and direct light impinges upon on the surface of photosensitive device 17.According to the 1st regulation, have: photosensitive device 17 light signal voltages in left side are Va, photosensitive device 19 light signal voltages in right side are Vb, now this voltage of light signal to photosensitive device has Va>Vb, the X-axis control signal is output as 10 equally, the prompting sun is in center sensor position by east, can drive the clockwise execution orientation adjustment of X-axis servomotor, by the deflection to the right of the angle lens of sensor, until aim at the sun.
In like manner, if the left of sensor axis in the drawings appears in the position of the sun, such as the about place, orientation at 3 o'clock in the afternoon.Now direct sunlight enters through the scattered light entrance 9 in west side, and direct light impinges upon on the surface of photosensitive device 19.According to device, stipulate, now this voltage of light signal to photosensitive device has Vb>Va, the X-axis control signal is output as 01, the prompting sun is in the position that center sensor is to the west, can drive the X-axis servomotor to reverse and carry out orientation adjustment, by the deflection left of the angle lens of sensor, until aim at the sun.
In sun-tracking sensor of the present invention, be provided with light guide sheet 8 below the lens barrel aperture.The sunshine risen eastwardly, now can inject through the east side of sensor lens barrel scattered light entrance 10, and direct sunlight, through two secondary reflections of light guide sheet 8 and reflecting piece 13, shines the surface of photosensitive device 17.According to the 1st regulation, have: photosensitive device 17 light signal voltages in left side are Va, photosensitive device 19 light signal voltages in right side are Vb, now this voltage of light signal to photosensitive device has Va>Vb, therefore, the X-axis control signal is output as 10 equally, and the prompting sun is in center sensor position by east, can drive the clockwise execution orientation adjustment of X-axis servomotor, by the deflection to the right of the angle lens of sensor, until aim at the sun.
Sun-tracking sensor of the present invention, the sunshine detection and tracking control mode of the sunshine detection and tracking control mode of Y-axis line and X-axis line is basic identical.The sun changes along with changing to some extent season at the running orbit in the sky, and follow the tracks of at the elevation angle of this sun, by Y control signal photosensitive device 18 and 20, is produced.According to the 2nd regulation, be set as Vc and Vd.The collection of photosignal and processing controls, with photoelectric signal collection and the processing of X control module, principle is identical.
After solar facilities and system platform have been installed sun-tracking sensor of the present invention, as long as there is the sun to occur, sensor just can be identified the orientation of the sun automatically, and export in real time the control signal of X, Y, drive X-axis, Y-axis servo-control system, make solar facilities or system platform aim at all the time the sun, take full advantage of sun power.
Sun-tracking sensor of the present invention, can adjust the optimum reception angle with sunshine, make equipment or system constantly towards the direct projection orientation of sunshine, in best sun power accepting state, and strengthened accuracy, reduced costs, build is less, can apply to sunshine in the systems such as solar energy heating, heating, the generating of photovoltaic cumulative and detect in real time and control with following the tracks of, sun-tracking sensor is not only being applied on large mini-plant, mini-plant and civilian aspect also can popularize.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a sun-tracking sensor, it is characterized in that, described sun-tracking sensor comprises dustproof translucent cover (1), microscope base (2), convex lens (5), aperture (6), camera lens outer ring (7), reflecting piece (13,14,15,16), light splitting seat (4) and photosensitive device (17,18,19,20,22), the circular cavity structure of the pedestal that described microscope base (2) is a lens barrel that comprises top and bottom, described convex lens (5) and aperture (6) are contained in the top of lens barrel and are fixed by camera lens outer ring (7), described lens barrel stack shell is provided with along circumference X, four, Y-axis line is evenly distributed and symmetry and the identical east of shape, south, west, north scattered light entrance (9, 10, 11, 12), described aperture (6) medial surface is provided with light guide sheet (8), described light splitting seat (4) is placed on the bottom cavity center of described microscope base (2) lower base, on described light splitting seat (4), photosensitive device (17 is housed, 18, 19, 20, 22), reflecting piece (13, 14, 15, 16) and PCB circuit unit (24), described scattered light entrance (9, 10, 11, 12) with light splitting seat (4) on photosensitive device (17, 18, 19, 20), reflecting piece position (13, 14, 15, 16) corresponding, described dustproof translucent cover (1) is contained on microscope base (2), described aperture (6) medial surface is provided with light guide sheet (8), described light guide sheet (8) is arranged on the top of scattered light entrance, when hot spot impinges upon an inclined-plane, on reflecting piece photosensitive device that dot projection is corresponding to this inclined-plane, the photosignal that this photosensitive device is produced, be greater than its symmetrical another, thereby control the servomotor of Y-axis or X-axis, by the alignment lens sun of sun-tracking sensor.
2. sun-tracking sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the center of described light splitting seat (4) is provided with a direct light receiver hole (23), and remain on same perpendicular line with convex lens (5) and aperture (6) center on microscope base (2) top, described photosensitive device (22) is located in direct light receiver hole (23).
3. sun-tracking sensor according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the central area of described light splitting seat (4), the cone-shaped body structure that has 4 inclined-planes to surround, 4 inclined-planes are symmetrical along X-axis line, Y-axis line, bevel angle is respectively 45 °, and pastes identical reflecting piece (13,14,15,16) is all arranged on 4 inclined-planes; Described photosensitive device (17,18,19,20) performance parameter equates, is located at respectively the side of light splitting seat along on X, Y-axis line.
4. sun-tracking sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in a side of pedestal circular cavity, along the Y-axis line, is provided with surround lighting receiver hole (26), and described surround lighting receiver hole (26) is built-in with described photosensitive device (21).
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| CN 201210034060 CN102566601B (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2012-02-15 | Sun tracking sensor |
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| CN 201210034060 CN102566601B (en) | 2012-02-15 | 2012-02-15 | Sun tracking sensor |
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| CN102566601B true CN102566601B (en) | 2013-12-18 |
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| CN103869828A (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-18 | 新茂野科技股份有限公司 | Sun tracking device |
| CN103885457B (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2016-09-07 | 杭州电子科技大学 | A kind of photosensitive sun position sensor |
| CN103885462B (en) * | 2014-01-07 | 2016-08-31 | 武汉凹伟能源科技有限公司 | A kind of single-axis solar tracking sensing device |
| CN104317308A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-01-28 | 天津市畅悦电子科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic energy photosensitive circuit |
| CN114355990A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-04-15 | 广西壮族自治区公众信息产业有限公司 | Solar tracking servo device based on photosensitive resistor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2002222015A (en) * | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-09 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | Sun tracking device |
| JP5207366B2 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2013-06-12 | 一般財団法人航空宇宙技術振興財団 | Solar tracking device |
| CN101539419B (en) * | 2009-04-29 | 2010-10-13 | 王小牛 | Solar energy tracking position sensor |
| CN101922927A (en) * | 2009-06-16 | 2010-12-22 | 陈鼎凌 | Dual-coordinate high-precision sun tracing sensor |
| CN101650173A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-02-17 | 武汉理工大学 | Photoelectric sensor for position of sun |
| CN201867653U (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2011-06-15 | 李建敏 | Intelligent sunlight entering device |
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Effective date of registration: 20191230 Address after: 315400 No. 278-282, Xinlang Road, Langxia street, Yuyao City, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Ningbo Wuma Industry Co., Ltd. Address before: 315000 Yuyao Economic Development Zone (West), Zhejiang, Ningbo Patentee before: Ningbo Wuma Electric Appliance Co., Ltd. |