CN102476177A - Upward drawing method for copper alloy wire blank - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a preparation method for forming copper alloy into copper alloy wire billet in liquid state, which includes batching, smelting of raw materials, wire drawing and cleaning to form a finished product, and further includes the following steps between the steps of smelting of raw materials and wire drawing, crystallizing Put the molten copper alloy liquid into the molten copper alloy liquid, inject cold water into the water inlet of the outer jacket of the crystallizer, so that the cold water comes out from the water outlet of the outer jacket, and the molten copper alloy liquid enters the frustum-shaped lower part of the graphite mold, the cylindrical In the middle part and the upper part of the inverted truncated cone, the copper alloy liquid is cooled sequentially during this process to form a copper alloy wire blank. Under the action of the traction device, the copper alloy wire blank enters the next step of wire drawing. The invention has less investment and simple process ,Energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

A copper alloy wire billet up-leading method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of copper alloy processing, and in particular relates to a production process of a copper alloy wire billet.

Background technique

Copper wire including copper wire for electric wires has the following production processes, such as continuous casting and rolling, extrusion, horizontal continuous casting, and upward forming method. The continuous casting and rolling method requires large-scale equipment. First, the copper And various other elements such as tin, phosphorus, silicon, manganese, etc. are added to the furnace according to the ratio to melt, and then cast into ingots, then extruded by large equipment, then stretched, and finally cleaned to form a finished product. As follows:

Batching→melting→heating→continuous casting and rolling→drawing→cleaning

The process flow of extrusion method is:

Batching→melting→heating→ingot casting→extrusion→drawing→cleaning

The technological process of horizontal continuous casting method is:

Batching→melting→heating→horizontal continuous casting→drawing→cleaning

The process flow of the upward forming method is as follows:

Batching→melting→heating→upward forming→drawing→cleaning

The advantage of the continuous casting and rolling method is that the manufactured wire billet has dense and uniform structure and high production efficiency. The disadvantage is that it is only suitable for large-scale production, large investment, high risk, and the produced wire billet has a slightly higher oxygen content and impurities.

The advantage of extrusion production is that it is suitable for medium and large-scale production scale, and the wire billet structure is highly dense. The disadvantage is that the production efficiency is low, the joint is not firm, and there are impurities, so it is not suitable for the production of small-scale wire.

The advantage of the horizontal continuous casting method is that it is suitable for various production scales, and the efficiency is average. The disadvantage is that the surface of the wire billet is easily oxidized, and the structure is a casting structure with looseness.

The advantage of the traditional upward forming method is that it is suitable for various production scales, the product has low oxygen content, less impurities, stable quality, and can produce fine or ultra-fine microfilaments; the disadvantage is that the production efficiency is average, and the wire billet is a casting structure. , Loose, with uneven composition.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a copper alloy wire billet up-drawing method with low investment, simple process, capable of producing fine wire rods, energy saving and environmental protection.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a copper alloy wire billet up-drawing method, including batching, raw material smelting, wire drawing and cleaning to form a finished product, which also includes the following steps between the raw material smelting and wire drawing steps, placing the crystallizer into the copper alloy liquid after smelting, the crystallizer includes a jacket, a water inlet and a water outlet arranged on the jacket, a copper jacket set in the jacket and a graphite mold set in the copper jacket, and the graphite mold consists of a cone Consisting of a frustum-shaped lower part, a cylindrical middle part and an inverted truncated cone-shaped upper part, inject cold water into the water inlet of the jacket, so that the cold water comes out from the water outlet of the jacket, and the molten copper alloy liquid enters the frusto-conical lower part of the graphite mold, the cylinder in turn under the action of air pressure In the middle part and the upper part of the inverted truncated cone, the copper alloy liquid is cooled sequentially during this process to form a copper alloy wire billet. Under the action of the pulling device, the copper alloy wire billet enters the next wire drawing step.

In the present invention, the temperature of the copper alloy liquid is set to its melting point plus 50-100°C. The hydraulic pressure of the cold water is 2-4MPa; the pulling speed of the pulling device is 500-1500mm/min; the pulling way is to pause after pulling upwards, then reverse downwards, and then pull upwards, and so on repeatedly.

The copper alloy described in the present invention is a copper alloy of copper-zinc-manganese alloy system.

The beneficial effect of the invention is that the copper alloy liquid is directly formed into a copper alloy wire billet, which is suitable for enterprises of different scales. The steps are the same as the traditional up-draw forming method, and the difference lies in the up-draw forming step.

In the present invention, after the configured copper alloy is melted in an electric furnace, the temperature is raised to 50-100°C above the melting point of the alloy. After the alloy is homogenized, the upward forming can be started; In the copper alloy liquid, the distance from the bottom to the metal liquid surface is 80-100cm. At this time, the copper alloy liquid enters the lower part of the frustum of the graphite mold under the action of atmospheric pressure. Since the four walls of the graphite mold have cold water flowing, the inner and outer walls of the graphite mold The temperature gradient is formed and the upper and lower parts of the graphite mold form a temperature gradient. The copper alloy liquid is rapidly cooled and solidified. Under the traction of the traction device, the traction mode is traction-pause-reverse push-traction, so that the formed copper alloy wire billet moves upward. The copper alloy liquid below moves upward under the action of atmospheric pressure and becomes solid when it is cooled. This process from liquid to solid is continuous, thus forming an infinitely long rod. In the initial stage of copper alloy wire billet forming, a copper alloy wire billet is inserted into the graphite mold first, and the copper alloy wire billet formed after being cooled is pulled out of the crystallizer by using this copper alloy wire billet to realize the wire drawing step.

The copper alloy wire billet produced by the invention has stable quality, no impurities, no oxidation on the surface, low oxygen content in the internal tissue, can be continuously drawn, and can produce fine wire rods, and is especially suitable for the production of medium and small copper alloy wire rod factories, reducing It reduces production costs, reduces the investment scale of fixed capital, and reduces risks. It is a reliable way for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the crystallizer with melting furnace of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of crystallizer of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the graphite mold of the present invention.

In the figure, 1 melting furnace, 2 copper alloy liquid, 3 copper sleeve, 4 cold water, 5 graphite mold, 6 water outlet, 7 copper alloy wire blank, 8 water inlet, 9 jacket, 10 inverted frustum-shaped upper part, 11 cylindrical middle part , 12 frustum-shaped lower parts, 13 traction devices.

Detailed ways

The present invention includes batching, smelting of raw materials, upward forming, wire drawing and cleaning to form finished products. The specific steps are: firstly, copper, tin, phosphorus, silicon, manganese and other materials are added to the melting furnace 1 according to the proportion, tin, phosphorus, Materials such as silicon and manganese can be up to 10% of the total raw materials. After the materials are melted, the crystallizer is put into the molten copper alloy liquid 2. The temperature of the copper alloy liquid 2 is the melting point temperature of the copper alloy liquid 2 itself plus 50 ℃. As shown in the accompanying drawings 1-3, the crystallizer includes a jacket 9, a water inlet 8 and a water outlet 6 arranged on the jacket 9, a copper sleeve 3 set in the jacket 9 and graphite sleeved in the copper sleeve 3 Die 5, described graphite mold 5 is made up of truncated conical lower part 12, cylindrical middle part 11 and inverted truncated conical upper part 10, injects cold water 4 into the water inlet 8 of outer jacket 9, makes cold water 4 come out from the water outlet 6 of outer jacket 9, wherein The water pressure of the cold water is 3MPa. Under the action of air pressure, the molten copper alloy liquid 2 enters the truncated-conical lower part 12, the cylindrical middle part 11 and the inverted truncated-conical upper part 10 of the graphite mold 5 in sequence, and the copper alloy liquid 2 is cooled sequentially during this process to form a copper alloy wire billet 7 , under the action of the traction device 13, the copper alloy wire blank 7 moves upwards at a moving speed of 1000mm/min, and the traction method is:

Traction→Pause→Reverse thrust→Tow

After drawing, the copper alloy wire blank 7 is solidified, and the copper alloy wire blank 7 enters the next wire drawing step.

In the initial upward forming step, the copper alloy wire blank is placed in the graphite mold 5 in advance, and when the copper alloy liquid 2 encounters the copper alloy wire blank and then cools, the copper alloy liquid 2 becomes solid and merges with the copper alloy wire blank. Tightly connected, so as to enter the next step of drawing and cleaning to form a finished product. This part of technology belongs to the prior art and will not be repeated here.

Claims (5)

1. A copper alloy wire billet up-leading method, including batching, smelting of raw materials, wire drawing and cleaning to form finished products, is characterized in that it also includes the following steps between the smelting of raw materials and the steps of wire drawing, the crystallizer is put into the smelting In the copper alloy liquid (2), the crystallizer comprises an overcoat (9), a water inlet (6) and a water outlet (7) arranged on the overcoat (9), a copper sleeve ( 3) and the graphite mold (5) that is sleeved in the copper sleeve (3), the graphite mold (5) is composed of a truncated conical lower part (12), a cylindrical middle part (11) and an inverted truncated conical upper part (10). The water inlet (6) of the coat (9) is injected with cold water (4), so that the cold water (4) comes out from the water outlet (8) of the coat (9), and the molten copper alloy liquid (2) enters the graphite successively under the action of air pressure The truncated conical lower part (12), the cylindrical middle part (11) and the inverted truncated conical upper part (10) of the mold (5), the copper alloy liquid (2) is sequentially cooled in this process to form a copper alloy wire blank (7), and the Under the action of the pulling device (13), the copper alloy wire blank (7) enters the next wire drawing step. 2. A copper alloy wire billet up-drawing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature of the copper alloy liquid (2) is set to its melting point plus 50-100°C. 3. A copper alloy wire billet up-drawing method according to claim 1, characterized in that the water pressure of the cold water (4) is 2-4 MPa. 4. A copper alloy wire billet pull-up method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pulling speed of the pulling device (13) is 500-1500 mm/min. 5. A method for pulling up a copper alloy wire billet according to claim 1, characterized in that, the pulling method is to pause after pulling upwards, then reverse push downwards, and then pull upwards, and so on repeatedly.

Images