CN102255812B - Multicast source suppression method and routing equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multicast source suppression method. According to the method, a router receives multicast data from a multicast source and then establishes a table item (*,G), and learns a multicast source IP address corresponding to a multicast group by using a multicast source learning mechanism; when used as a direct-link DF (designated forwarder) of the multicast source, the router sends a TCP (transmission control protocol) access request to an RP (rendezvous point) to establish a TCP link between same RPs; when receiving a multicast data request from a receiver, the RP sends the information of multicast data request to the DF by a TCP link which is established between same DFs, and the DF sends the multicast data to the RP; and when receiving information that the receiver does not need to receive the multicast data, the RP sends the information of stopping sending the multicast data to the DF by the TCP link between the same DFs, and the DF stops sending the multicast data to the RP. The invention also discloses routing equipment. The application of the multicast source suppression method and routing equipment disclosed by the invention can flexibly suppress multicast sources in BIDIR PIM (bidirectional protocol independent multicast).
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of multicast processing technologies, and in particular, to a multicast source suppression method and a routing device.
Background
With the development of network services, multicast services are more and more widely applied to networks, and as a communication mode in which unicast and broadcast are parallel, the multicast technology can effectively solve the problems of single-point transmission and multipoint reception, thereby realizing point-to-multipoint high-speed data transmission in the network, saving a large amount of network bandwidth and reducing network load. In the traditional multicast application, the number of multicast sources is less and the number of multicast data receivers is more, in the networking application, a Protocol Independent Multicast Dense Mode (PIMDM) and a protocol independent multicast sparse mode (PISM) of a Protocol Independent Multicast (PIM) are widely applied, however, as the number of multicast sources increases, a bidirectional protocol independent multicast (BIDIR PIM) in the PIM is more and more widely applied.
The BIDIR PIM is a PIM protocol which can forward both directions of a forwarding path, is suitable for application (such as a multi-party television conference call) scenes with a plurality of multicast sources and receivers, in the BIDIR PIM, the service flow of the multicast sources is forwarded to a convergent point (RP) and forwarded to a plurality of receivers by the RP, a source registration process is not needed, and the table entry resource consumption of source state management of a large number of multicast sources by equipment is saved. Moreover, only the (#, G) table entry exists in the BIDIR PIM, and the (S, G) table entry does not need to be maintained, so that the resource loss of the device caused by maintaining the multicast source forwarding table entry is reduced, and the method is particularly obvious in the application of multiparty television conference, online education and the like.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multicast network, as shown in fig. 1, in the multicast network, there are a plurality of servers such as a multicast source 1(Server1) and a Server2, a plurality of clients such as a receiver 1(Client1) and a Client2, and a plurality of routers such as R1, R2, R3, R4, S1, S2 and S3, and R1 is an RP in the multicast network. The multicast data stream sent by each Server is sent to R1, and each router through which the multicast data stream passes creates an (×, G) entry and sends the multicast data stream to the corresponding receiver via R1.
From the above analysis, it can be seen that the multicast stream in the existing BIDIR PIM is always forwarded to the RP corresponding to the group network, and even if there is no receiver in the group, the multicast stream is forwarded to the RP and discarded, because the BIDIR-PIM protocol only maintains the (#, G) table entry, and does not maintain the state of the multicast source, because the RP does not know where the currently active source is, and thus does not know which source to suppress, thereby causing waste of network bandwidth by traffic.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for suppressing a multicast source, which can flexibly suppress the multicast source in the BIDIR PIM, and effectively avoid the waste of network bandwidth caused by multicast traffic.
The invention also provides a routing device which can flexibly realize the inhibition of the multicast source in the BIDIR PIM and effectively avoid the waste of the network bandwidth caused by the multicast flow.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for multicast source suppression, the method comprising:
after receiving multicast data sent by a multicast source, a router establishes a table item (multicast group G) and learns a multicast source Internet Protocol (IP) address corresponding to the multicast group by using a multicast source learning mechanism;
when the router is a designated forwarder DF and the learned IP address of the multicast source and the IP address of the router are in the same network segment, sending a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection request to a Rendezvous Point (RP) corresponding to the multicast group to establish TCP connection with the RP;
when the RP receives a multicast data request sent by a receiver, a TCP connection established between the same DF is used for sending a message for requesting the multicast data to the DF, and the DF sends the multicast data to the RP hop by hop; when the RP does not have any downstream receivers, the DF sends a message for stopping sending the multicast data to the DF through the TCP connection established with the DF, and the DF stops sending the multicast data to the RP.
After sending the TCP connection request to the RP, the method further comprises:
the DF sends the active multicast source IP address to the RP, and the RP maintains the active source group information of the DF, wherein the active source group information comprises the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group and the IP address of the multicast group.
A routing device in multicast source suppression, the routing device being a designated forwarder, DF, the routing device comprising: a multicast table item establishing unit, a source internet protocol, IP, address learning unit, a transmission control protocol, TCP, connection establishing unit, a first request receiving unit and a second request receiving unit, wherein,
the multicast table item establishing unit is used for establishing a table item (, multicast group G) after receiving multicast data sent by a multicast source;
the source IP address learning unit is used for learning the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group by using a multicast source learning mechanism after receiving the multicast data sent by the multicast source;
the TCP connection establishing unit is used for sending a request for establishing TCP connection with the RP to a rendezvous point RP corresponding to the multicast group so as to establish TCP connection with the RP;
the first request receiving unit is used for receiving a message which is sent by the RP and used for requesting to send the multicast data through the TCP connection established by the TCP connection establishing unit and then sending the multicast data to the RP;
and the second request receiving unit is used for stopping sending the multicast data to the RP after receiving the message which is sent by the RP and stops sending the multicast data through the TCP connection established by the TCP connection establishing unit.
The source IP address learning unit is further configured to send an active multicast source IP address to the RP after sending a TCP connection establishment request to the RP, and the RP maintains active source group information including a multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group and an IP address of the multicast group.
A routing device in multicast source suppression, the routing device being a rendezvous point, RP, the routing device comprising: a source group information maintenance unit, a first request transmission unit, and a second request transmission unit, wherein,
the source group information maintenance unit is used for receiving a request for establishing a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection sent by a Designated Forwarder (DF) so as to establish the TCP connection with the DF;
the first request sending unit is used for sending a message for requesting multicast data to the DF by using the TCP connection established between the same DF when receiving a multicast data request sent by a receiver so as to request the multicast data sent by the DF;
and the second request sending unit is used for finding the corresponding DF according to the active source group information maintained by the source group information maintenance unit when no downstream receiver exists, and sending a message of stopping sending the multicast data to the DF through the TCP connection established with the DF so as to request the DF not to send the multicast data any more.
The source group information maintenance unit is further configured to maintain active source group information including a multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group and an IP address of the multicast group after receiving the request for establishing the TCP connection sent by the DF.
In summary, the multicast source suppression method adopted by the present invention is that a router learns the multicast source IP address corresponding to a multicast group, and a DF establishes a TCP connection with an RP corresponding to the multicast group, so that when the RP receives a multicast data request sent by a receiver or there is no downstream receiver, the RP can send a message requesting multicast data or not needing to receive multicast data to the DF through the established TCP connection, and the DF sends the multicast data to the RP or stops sending the multicast data to the RP. Because the RP can send the message whether the multicast data receiver receives the multicast data to the DF through the TCP connection established between the RP and the DF, the DF can determine whether the multicast data are sent to the RP according to the received message, and the limitation that which multicast source is inhibited is not known in the prior art because the state of the multicast source is not maintained is avoided, therefore, the inhibition of the multicast source can be flexibly realized in BIDIR PIM by applying the method for inhibiting the multicast source, and the waste of the network bandwidth caused by the multicast flow is effectively avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an exemplary diagram of a multicast network;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of the multicast source suppression method employed in the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of the routing device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the routing device in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The specific implementation of the scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
after receiving multicast data sent by a multicast source, a router establishes an item ([ G ]), and learns a multicast source IP address corresponding to a multicast group by using a multicast source learning mechanism; when the router is DF and the learned IP address of the multicast source and the IP address of the router are in the same network segment, a TCP connection request is sent to the RP corresponding to the multicast group to establish TCP connection with the RP; when the RP receives a multicast data request sent by a receiver, a TCP connection established between the same DF is used for sending a message for requesting the multicast data to the DF, and the DF sends the multicast data to the RP hop by hop; when the RP does not have any downstream receivers, the DF sends a message for stopping sending the multicast data to the DF through the TCP connection established with the DF, and the DF stops sending the multicast data to the RP.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 2 shows the working flow of the multicast source suppression method of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the process includes the following steps:
step 201: after receiving the multicast data sent by the multicast source, the router establishes an item (, G), and learns the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group by using a multicast source learning mechanism.
It should be noted that, the router can learn the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group through the multicast source learning mechanism, and specifically how to learn the multicast source IP address through the multicast source learning mechanism may be:
assuming that the (, G) entry is already established and the active source S1, S2.. the.. of the (, G) entry is already recorded, when multicast data (S1, G) enters, it is found that S1 is already recorded in the (, G), and is not processed; when multicast data (S4, G) comes in, and it is found that S4 is not recorded in (, G), S4 is recorded in (, G).
In this step, how to establish the (, G) table entry is the prior art, and details are not described here.
Step 202: and when the router is DF and the learned IP address of the multicast source and the IP address of the router are in the same network segment, establishing TCP connection between RPs corresponding to the multicast group and sending the active IP address of the multicast source to the RP.
In this step, whether the router is DF is selected by the existing "bi-directional PIM" protocol mechanism, and when the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group learned by the DF and the IP address of the router itself are IP addresses in the same network segment, the DF needs to initiate TCP connection to the RP.
It should be noted that, in this step, the method for establishing the TCP connection is already the prior art, and is not described again.
It should be noted that, in this step, when the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group learned by the DF is not the same as the IP address of the router itself, the DF does not need to initiate TCP connection to the RP.
Step 203: and after receiving the TCP connection establishment sent by the DF, the RP maintains the active source group information of the DF, wherein the active source group information comprises the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group and the IP address of the multicast group.
Step 204: the RP determines whether there is a multicast data receiver, if so, performs step 205; otherwise, step 208 is performed.
Step 205: and after receiving the multicast data request sent by the receiver, the RP sends a message for requesting multicast data to the DF by utilizing the TCP connection established between the same DF.
Step 206: the DF sends multicast data to the RP hop-by-hop according to (#, G).
Step 207: when the RP receives the message that the receiver no longer needs to receive multicast data, finds the corresponding DF through the maintained active source group information, and sends a message to the DF to stop sending multicast data through the TCP connection established with the DF, then step 209 is executed.
In this step, the RP receives a message that the recipient no longer needs to receive multicast data, i.e., the RP finds that there are no downstream recipients.
Step 208: the RP sends messages to the DF over the TCP connection that do not require the sending of multicast data.
Step 209: the DF stops sending multicast data.
Thus, the whole work flow of the multicast source inhibiting method of the invention is completed.
Based on the method described in this embodiment, fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a routing device used in the present invention, where the routing device is a DF, and the routing device includes: a multicast table item establishing unit 31, a source IP address learning unit 32, a TCP connection establishing unit 33, a first request receiving unit 34, and a second request receiving unit 35. Wherein,
the multicast table entry establishing unit 31 is configured to establish a (,) table entry after receiving multicast data sent by a multicast source.
The source IP address learning unit 32 is configured to learn, after receiving multicast data sent by a multicast source, a multicast source IP address corresponding to a multicast group by using a multicast source learning mechanism, send an active multicast source IP address to an RP after sending a request for establishing a TCP connection to the RP, and maintain, by the RP, active source group information including the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group and the IP address of the multicast group.
The TCP connection establishing unit 33 is configured to send a request for establishing a TCP connection with an RP corresponding to the multicast group to the RP, so as to establish a TCP connection with the RP.
The first request receiving unit 34 is configured to receive a message requesting to send multicast data, which is sent by the RP, through the TCP connection established by the TCP connection establishing unit 33, and then send the multicast data to the RP hop by hop according to (×, G).
The second request receiving unit 35 is configured to stop sending the multicast data to the RP after receiving the message for stopping sending the multicast data, which is sent by the RP, through the TCP connection established by the TCP connection establishing unit 33.
Thus, the routing device adopted in the embodiment is obtained. For a specific work flow of the communication device adopted in fig. 3, please refer to corresponding description in the method embodiment shown in fig. 2, which is not described herein again.
Similarly, based on the method described in this embodiment, fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a routing device used in the present invention, where the routing device is an RP, and the routing device includes: a source group information maintenance unit 41, a first request transmission unit 42 and a second request transmission unit 43. Wherein,
the source group information maintenance unit 41 is configured to receive a request sent by the DF to establish a TCP connection, so as to establish a TCP connection with the DF.
Further, the source group information maintaining unit 41 is further configured to maintain active source group information including a multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group and an IP address of the multicast group after receiving the request for establishing a TCP connection sent by the DF, so as to establish a TCP connection with the DF.
The first request sending unit 42 is configured to, when receiving a multicast data request sent by a receiver, send a message requesting multicast data to a DF hop by hop according to (×, G) by using a TCP connection established between the DF, so as to request the multicast data sent by the DF.
The second request sending unit 43 is configured to, when there is no downstream receiver, find a corresponding DF through the active source group information maintained by the source group information maintenance unit 41, and send a message to the DF to stop sending multicast data through a TCP connection established with the DF, so as to request the DF not to send multicast data any more.
Thus, the routing device adopted in the embodiment is obtained. The specific work flow of the routing device adopted in fig. 4 also refers to the corresponding description in the method embodiment shown in fig. 2, and is not described herein again.
Taking the Server1 as the multicast source, the Client1 as the receiver, and the R1 as the RP in the networking diagram shown in fig. 1 as an example for explanation, the specific implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention is as follows:
firstly, the Server1 sends multicast data to the R3, the R3 establishes (#, G) table entries, and learns the IP address of the Server1 by using a multicast source IP learning mechanism, if the Server is DF and the IP address is compared with the IP address of the Server, the Server finds the same network segment, then establishes TCP connection with the RP of the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group, and sends active source group information to the RP; meanwhile, according to the existing BIDIR PIM protocol, multicast data are sent to R2, and R2 learns the source IP address and finds that the IP address of the R2 and the learned source IP address are not in the same network segment, so that TCP connection with RP is not needed;
secondly, the method comprises the following steps: after the RP receives the multicast data, when no receiver needs to receive the multicast data, the TCP connection informs R3 not to continue to send the multicast data, and R3 stops sending the multicast data; when the Client1 wishes to receive multicast data, it sends a join request to R4, and eventually the RP knows that R4 needs to receive multicast data, and then informs R3 via TCP connection to begin sending multicast data.
And finally: when the Client1 no longer needs to receive the multicast data, a leave message is sent to the R4, and finally the R1 enters a state that no receiver exists, so that a message of suspending the sending of the multicast data is sent to the corresponding R3 through the established TCP connection, and the R3 stops sending the multicast data to the RP.
In this embodiment, the RP may also establish a similar TCP connection with S3 to exchange relevant information, and the specific implementation process is the same as that shown above, and is not described here again.
It should be noted that when there are more source IPs in the (, G) table entry, there may be more TCP links, and in order to avoid stressing the RP or DF, these problems may be avoided by defining some service policies on the RP and DF, where these service policies may specifically include:
a) defining the maximum number of TCP connections allowed to be established on DF and RP respectively;
b) determining whether to inhibit the multicast source according to the size of the multicast flow on DF and RP to ensure that only the multicast data flow with large flow is inhibited;
c) the RP selects the item with lower online rate (G) to inhibit according to the online probability of the receivers (G), for example, the item is inhibited in time-sharing, and certain multicast sources without any receivers are inhibited in a certain time-sharing;
d) specified to suppress certain groups of IPs or source IPs.
It should be further noted that, in the present invention, source IP address learning may be performed when each router in the networking establishes an (G) entry, so that, when there is or does not have a multicast data receiver in the RP, a message for starting or stopping multicast data flow may be sent to the multicast source hop by using the learned source IP address, and when the message reaches the direct-connected DF (that is, the message reaches the DF whose own IP address and the learned source IP address are in the same network segment), the DF starts or stops sending the corresponding multicast data flow. However, this embodiment needs to be implemented by extending the existing PIM protocol and adding a new message type, and details of this embodiment are not described here.
In summary, the multicast source suppression method adopted by the present invention learns the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group through the router, and establishes the TCP connection with the RP corresponding to the multicast group through the DF, so that when the RP receives a multicast data request sent by a receiver or there is no downstream receiver, the RP can send a message requesting multicast data or not needing to receive multicast data to the DF through the established TCP connection, and the DF sends the multicast data to the RP or stops sending the multicast data to the RP. Because the RP can send the message whether the multicast data receiver receives the multicast data to the DF through the TCP connection established between the RP and the DF, the DF can determine whether the multicast data are sent to the RP according to the received message, and the limitation that which multicast source is inhibited is not known in the prior art because the state of the multicast source is not maintained is avoided, therefore, the inhibition of the multicast source can be flexibly realized in BIDIR PIM by applying the method for inhibiting the multicast source, and the waste of the network bandwidth caused by the multicast flow is effectively avoided.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for suppressing a multicast source, the method comprising:
after receiving multicast data sent by a multicast source, a router establishes a table item (multicast group G) and learns a multicast source Internet Protocol (IP) address corresponding to the multicast group by using a multicast source learning mechanism;
when the router is a designated forwarder DF and the learned IP address of the multicast source and the IP address of the router are in the same network segment, sending a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection request to a Rendezvous Point (RP) corresponding to the multicast group to establish TCP connection with the RP;
when the RP receives a multicast data request sent by a receiver, a TCP connection established between the same DF is used for sending a message for requesting the multicast data to the DF, and the DF sends the multicast data to the RP hop by hop; when the RP does not have any downstream receivers, the DF sends a message for stopping sending the multicast data to the DF through the TCP connection established with the DF, and the DF stops sending the multicast data to the RP.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein after sending the TCP connection request to the RP, the method further comprises:
the DF sends the active multicast source IP address to the RP, and the RP maintains the active source group information of the DF, wherein the active source group information comprises the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group and the IP address of the multicast group.
3. A routing device in multicast source suppression, the routing device being a designated forwarder, DF, the routing device comprising: a multicast table item establishing unit, a source internet protocol, IP, address learning unit, a transmission control protocol, TCP, connection establishing unit, a first request receiving unit and a second request receiving unit, wherein,
the multicast table item establishing unit is used for establishing a table item (, multicast group G) after receiving multicast data sent by a multicast source;
the source IP address learning unit is used for learning the multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group by using a multicast source learning mechanism after receiving the multicast data sent by the multicast source;
the TCP connection establishing unit is used for sending a request for establishing TCP connection with the RP to a rendezvous point RP corresponding to the multicast group so as to establish TCP connection with the RP;
the first request receiving unit is used for receiving a message which is sent by the RP and used for requesting to send the multicast data through the TCP connection established by the TCP connection establishing unit and then sending the multicast data to the RP;
and the second request receiving unit is used for stopping sending the multicast data to the RP after receiving the message which is sent by the RP and stops sending the multicast data through the TCP connection established by the TCP connection establishing unit.
4. The routing device of claim 3,
the source IP address learning unit is further configured to send an active multicast source IP address to the RP after sending a TCP connection establishment request to the RP, and the RP maintains active source group information including a multicast source IP address corresponding to the multicast group and an IP address of the multicast group.
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