CN102238236A - Intelligent household electric appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation and implementation method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent household electric appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation and implementation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统及其实现方法,所述系统包括计算机、嵌入式Web网关和多个终端设备。嵌入式Web网关包括ARM微处理器、Flash、SDRAM、时钟电路、电源电路、网卡接口和ZigBee协调器模块七部分;基于嵌入式Web服务器,实现了家电控制页面的自动生成。ZigBee协调器模块与终端设备采用ZigBee协议实现无线连接,负责操作指令的下发和终端设备数据的上传。终端设备接收网关指令,执行控制指令,上传设备运行状态及环境参数数据。计算机通过互联网远程访问嵌入式Web网关,获取家电控制页面,对终端设备进行名称管理、设备运行状态及环境参数的查询和控制。
The invention provides an intelligent home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation and its realization method. The system includes a computer, an embedded Web gateway and multiple terminal devices. The embedded Web gateway includes seven parts: ARM microprocessor, Flash, SDRAM, clock circuit, power supply circuit, network card interface and ZigBee coordinator module; based on the embedded Web server, the automatic generation of home appliance control pages is realized. The ZigBee coordinator module and the terminal equipment use the ZigBee protocol to realize wireless connection, and are responsible for issuing operation instructions and uploading terminal equipment data. The terminal device receives the gateway command, executes the control command, and uploads the device operation status and environmental parameter data. The computer remotely accesses the embedded Web gateway through the Internet, obtains the home appliance control page, manages the name of the terminal equipment, queries and controls the equipment operating status and environmental parameters.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及远程智能家电控制领域,具体涉及基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统及其实现方法。 The invention relates to the field of remote intelligent home appliance control, in particular to an intelligent home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation and an implementation method thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
远程智能家电控制技术是综合了电子、通信、家电和计算机四大学科的先进技术,吸引了各个领域的先进研究组织、知名企业的研究,并形成了具有不同侧重点的协议标准。这些协议主要有起初各公司的私有协议,也有最终形成的公开协议,其中国外知名的公开协议有微软主导的UpnP、索尼主导的HAVi和Sun公司主导的Jini。当前远程智能家电控制领域中还较少能够实现页面自动生成,一种情况是设备商为每个设备预先设定一个固定的页面,下载到用户端上安装,这种方式的优点是控制页面功能丰富,但每安装一个新设备或设备升级都要重新下载新的页面,样式太过固定;另一种情况是终端设备提供少量信息实现页面自动生成,但由于信息较少,生成的页面简单、功能不齐全、操作不方便。本发明的远程家电控制技术,使用非常热门的ZigBee技术,具有成本低、安装方便、功耗低、性能稳定的优点;ZigBee网络为网关自动生成家电控制页面提供了足够的关键信息,生成的家电控制页面操作方便、页面功能丰富;网关对终端设备进行名称管理,实现了终端设备的集中管理。 Remote smart home appliance control technology is an advanced technology that integrates the four major disciplines of electronics, communication, home appliances and computers. It has attracted research from advanced research organizations and well-known companies in various fields, and has formed protocol standards with different emphases. These agreements mainly include the private agreements of various companies at the beginning, and there are also public agreements that eventually formed. Among them, the well-known foreign public agreements include UPnP led by Microsoft, HAVi led by Sony, and Jini led by Sun. At present, in the field of remote smart home appliance control, few pages can be automatically generated. One situation is that the equipment manufacturer pre-sets a fixed page for each device and downloads it to the client for installation. The advantage of this method is to control the page function Rich, but every time a new device is installed or upgraded, a new page must be re-downloaded, and the style is too fixed; another situation is that the terminal device provides a small amount of information to automatically generate the page, but due to the lack of information, the generated page is simple and Incomplete functions and inconvenient operation. The remote home appliance control technology of the present invention uses the very popular ZigBee technology, which has the advantages of low cost, convenient installation, low power consumption, and stable performance; the ZigBee network provides enough key information for the gateway to automatically generate home appliance control pages, and the generated home appliances The control page is easy to operate and has rich page functions; the gateway manages the name of the terminal device, realizing the centralized management of the terminal device.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术存在的上述不足,提供基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统及其实现方法。具体技术方案如下: The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies existing in the prior art, and provide an intelligent home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation and its implementation method. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
本发明提供基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统及其实现方法,所述系统包括计算机、嵌入式Web网关和多个终端设备。计算机通过互联网远程访问嵌入式Web网关,获取家电控制页面,对终端设备进行名称管理、设备运行状态及环境参数的查询和控制。嵌入式Web网关与终端设备采用ZigBee协议实现无线连接,嵌入式Web网关通过无线网络将操作指令发送给指定网络地址的终端设备,终端设备接收网关指令,执行控制指令,上传设备运行状态及环境参数数据。 The invention provides an intelligent home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation and its realization method. The system includes a computer, an embedded Web gateway and multiple terminal devices. The computer remotely accesses the embedded Web gateway through the Internet, obtains the home appliance control page, manages the name of the terminal equipment, queries and controls the equipment operating status and environmental parameters. The embedded Web gateway and the terminal device use the ZigBee protocol to realize wireless connection. The embedded Web gateway sends the operation command to the terminal device with the specified network address through the wireless network. The terminal device receives the gateway command, executes the control command, and uploads the device's operating status and environmental parameters. data.
上述的基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统中,嵌入式Web网关采用Linux操作系统,包括BOA服务器、通用网关接口CGI和SQLite数据库;BOA服务器从ZigBee协调器模块接收到的设备出厂信息中获取页面生成关键信息,根据家电控制页面模板,经过CGI程序对页面生成关键信息进行处理,自动生成该终端设备的家电控制页面。 In the above-mentioned smart home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation, the embedded Web gateway adopts the Linux operating system, including BOA server, common gateway interface CGI and SQLite database; the BOA server obtains the page from the equipment factory information received by the ZigBee coordinator module The key information is generated, according to the home appliance control page template, the key information generated by the page is processed through the CGI program, and the home appliance control page of the terminal device is automatically generated.
上述的基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统中,嵌入式Web网关中的ZigBee协调器模块与终端设备共同组成ZigBee无线网络,ZigBee协调器模块负责建立ZigBee网络,分配加入成员的网络地址,维护节点的绑定关系表,一方面将终端设备上发的物理地址、设备出厂信息等数据发送给嵌入式Web网关中的嵌入式Web服务器,另一方面将嵌入式Web服务器下发的操作指令发送给指定终端设备;终端设备在加入ZigBee网络后,上发物理地址、设备出厂信息等数据给ZigBee协调器模块,接收ZigBee协调器模块下发的查询指令或控制指令,采集终端设备运行状态及温湿度等环境参数或执行相应控制指令。 In the above-mentioned smart home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation, the ZigBee coordinator module in the embedded Web gateway and the terminal equipment together form a ZigBee wireless network. On the one hand, the data such as the physical address and the factory information of the terminal device are sent to the embedded Web server in the embedded Web gateway; on the other hand, the operation instructions issued by the embedded Web server are sent to the Specify the terminal device; after the terminal device joins the ZigBee network, it sends data such as physical address and device factory information to the ZigBee coordinator module, receives query commands or control commands issued by the ZigBee coordinator module, and collects the operating status and temperature and humidity of the terminal device and other environmental parameters or execute corresponding control instructions.
上述的基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统中,终端设备包括无线单片机、射频电路、传感器模块、设备控制模块和时钟电路;无线单片机通过差分射频端口、收发切换端口与射频电路连接;无线单片机通过ADC端口与传感器模块连接;无线单片机通过I/O端口与设备控制模块连接;终端设备若收到查询指令时,终端设备将其运行状态和传感器模块采集的温湿度等环境参数值上发给嵌入式Web网关,家电控制页面将显示该终端设备运行状态和最新温湿度等环境参数信息;终端设备若收到控制指令时,终端设备通过设备控制模块对设备进行控制,控制成功后将反馈信息上发给嵌入式Web网关,家电控制页面将显示该反馈信息,表明该设备控制成功。 In the above-mentioned smart home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation, the terminal equipment includes a wireless single-chip microcomputer, a radio frequency circuit, a sensor module, a device control module and a clock circuit; the wireless single-chip microcomputer is connected to the radio frequency circuit through a differential radio frequency port and a transceiver switching port; The ADC port is connected to the sensor module; the wireless microcontroller is connected to the device control module through the I/O port; when the terminal device receives the query command, the terminal device sends its operating status and environmental parameter values such as temperature and humidity collected by the sensor module to the embedded If the terminal device receives a control command, the terminal device will control the device through the device control module. After the control is successful, the feedback information will be sent to the Send it to the embedded web gateway, and the home appliance control page will display the feedback information, indicating that the device is successfully controlled.
上述的基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统中,计算机通过互联网远程访问嵌入式Web网关,获取家电控制页面;在家电控制页面上,根据终端设备的安装位置,对默认终端设备名称进行自定义,将自定义设备名称对应的物理地址、设备出厂信息等数据存储在SQLite数据库中,实现终端设备名称管理;在家电控制页面上选择任意终端设备,出现该设备即时温湿度等环境参数信息及设备支持的操作按键,选择要实现功能的按键,则嵌入式Web网关下发该终端设备对应按键的查询指令或控制指令给对应物理地址的终端设备。 In the above-mentioned smart home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation, the computer remotely accesses the embedded Web gateway through the Internet to obtain the home appliance control page; on the home appliance control page, the default terminal device name is customized according to the installation location of the terminal device, Store data such as the physical address and device factory information corresponding to the custom device name in the SQLite database to realize terminal device name management; select any terminal device on the home appliance control page, and the device's real-time temperature and humidity and other environmental parameter information and device support will appear If you select the key to realize the function, the embedded Web gateway will send the query command or control command corresponding to the key of the terminal device to the terminal device with the corresponding physical address.
上述的基于ZigBee和页面生成的智能家电系统及其实现方法,该方法中嵌入式Web网关先建立系统,终端设备加入系统后,提交物理地址、设备出厂信息,嵌入式Web网关通过提取页面生成关键信息自动生成该终端设备家电控制页面,计算机通过家电控制页面按键对该终端设备进行操作,具体包括如下步骤: The above-mentioned smart home appliance system based on ZigBee and page generation and its implementation method, in this method, the embedded Web gateway first establishes the system, and after the terminal device joins the system, it submits the physical address and device factory information, and the embedded Web gateway generates the key by extracting the page. The information automatically generates the home appliance control page of the terminal device, and the computer operates the terminal device through the buttons on the home appliance control page, specifically including the following steps:
(1)将嵌入式Web网关接上电源,终端设备接上电源; (1) Connect the embedded Web gateway to the power supply, and the terminal equipment to the power supply;
(2)在计算机上安装浏览器软件,通过互联网访问嵌入式Web服务器,打开家电控制页面后,在显示的终端设备列表中选中终端设备,页面将显示出该终端设备的温湿度等环境参数和该终端设备支持的操作指令按键,对相应位置的终端设备名称进行自定义,如客厅空调、客厅电灯、卧室空调、卧室电灯; (2) Install the browser software on the computer, access the embedded Web server through the Internet, open the home appliance control page, select the terminal device in the displayed terminal device list, and the page will display the environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity of the terminal device and The operation command buttons supported by the terminal device can customize the name of the terminal device at the corresponding position, such as living room air conditioner, living room light, bedroom air conditioner, and bedroom light;
(3)在家电控制页面上,对该终端设备选择运行状态和环境参数值查询按键,如空调设备的“查询运行状态和环境温度”按键,页面将显示终端设备开关与否以及最新的环境参数值; (3) On the home appliance control page, select the operation status and environmental parameter value query button for the terminal device, such as the "query operation status and ambient temperature" button of the air conditioner, and the page will display whether the terminal device is on or off and the latest environmental parameters value;
(4)根据查询的终端设备运行状态以及温湿度等环境参数值,对终端设备进行控制;若终端设备处于“开”状态,则直接选择选择一个控制按键,控制成功后家电控制页面将显示“OK”;若终端设备处于“关”状态,则先要选择终端设备开启按键,当家电控制页面显示“OK”后,再选择其他功能按键; (4) Control the terminal device according to the inquired operating status of the terminal device and environmental parameter values such as temperature and humidity; if the terminal device is in the "on" state, directly select a control button. After the control is successful, the home appliance control page will display " OK"; if the terminal device is in the "off" state, first select the terminal device start button, and when the home appliance control page displays "OK", then select other function buttons;
(5)按照步骤(3)、 (4)对家电控制页面进行操作,即可远程对终端设备的控制,实现环境参数的调节; (5) According to steps (3) and (4) to operate the home appliance control page, you can remotely control the terminal equipment and realize the adjustment of environmental parameters;
上述的实现方法中,所述的某个终端设备掉电后再次上电加入系统时,嵌入式Web网关将根据数据库识别出其物理地址,自动生成服务控制界面,而不需再获取加入设备的设备出厂信息和自定义加入设备的设备名称。 In the above-mentioned implementation method, when a certain terminal device is powered on again after power-off and joins the system, the embedded Web gateway will recognize its physical address according to the database, and automatically generate a service control interface without obtaining the information of the joining device. Device factory information and custom device name added to the device.
上述的实现方法中,所述的嵌入式Web网关最多可对65535个终端设备进行控制,每个终端设备拥有一个16位的网络地址编号,网络地址范围为0x0001~0xFFFF。 In the above implementation method, the embedded web gateway can control up to 65535 terminal devices, each terminal device has a 16-bit network address number, and the network address range is 0x0001~0xFFFF.
上述的实现方法中,嵌入式Web网关共向终端设备下发两种指令: In the above implementation method, the embedded web gateway sends two kinds of instructions to the terminal device:
查询指令:家电控制页面生成后,用户远程访问嵌入式Web网关,用来获取终端设备运行状态和温湿度等环境参数的指令,如空调设备是否开启、空调的环境温度、电灯的环境明亮程度; Query command: After the home appliance control page is generated, the user remotely accesses the embedded Web gateway to obtain commands for terminal equipment operating status and environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity, such as whether the air conditioner is turned on, the ambient temperature of the air conditioner, and the ambient brightness of the lamp;
控制指令:用户远程访问嵌入式Web网关,用来控制终端设备完成某种控制功能而下发的指令,如开、关终端设备,空调的升高或降低温度,电灯的增加或降低亮度。 Control command: The user remotely accesses the embedded Web gateway, which is used to control the command issued by the terminal device to complete a certain control function, such as turning on and off the terminal device, increasing or decreasing the temperature of the air conditioner, and increasing or decreasing the brightness of the lamp.
上述的实现方法中,终端设备有两种工作状态: In the above implementation method, the terminal device has two working states:
执行指令状态:终端设备接收到ZigBee协调器模块下发的指令数据,收到指令后立即对设备进行相应操作; Executing command status: The terminal device receives the command data issued by the ZigBee coordinator module, and immediately performs corresponding operations on the device after receiving the command;
深度休眠状态:终端设备处于休眠状态,相隔一段睡眠时间醒来后对ZigBee协调器模块进行轮询,若有数据立即转为执行指令状态,若无数据则继续休眠。 Deep sleep state: The terminal device is in a sleep state. After waking up after a period of sleep, it polls the ZigBee coordinator module. If there is data, it will immediately switch to the execution command state, and if there is no data, it will continue to sleep.
本发明在嵌入式Web网关实现嵌入式Web服务器,家电控制页面自动生成,实现终端设备名称管理,为终端设备的集中管理提供了基础;嵌入式Web网关内的ZigBee协调器模块与终端设备采用ZigBee协议,具有成本低、安装方便、功耗低、性能稳定的优点。具体来说,与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下优点和有益效果: The present invention realizes the embedded Web server in the embedded Web gateway, the home appliance control page is automatically generated, realizes the name management of the terminal equipment, and provides a basis for the centralized management of the terminal equipment; the ZigBee coordinator module and the terminal equipment in the embedded Web gateway adopt ZigBee The protocol has the advantages of low cost, convenient installation, low power consumption, and stable performance. Specifically, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1)设备通用性高。终端设备向嵌入式Web网关上发设备出厂信息,嵌入式Web服务器从该信息中获得页面生成关键信息,套用家电控制页面模板,经过CGI程序对页面生成关键信息进行处理,自动生成家电控制页面,该方法不受不同设备出厂所支持控制界面的限制。 (1) The equipment has high versatility. The terminal device sends the factory information of the device to the embedded Web gateway, and the embedded Web server obtains the key information of the page generation from the information, applies the home appliance control page template, processes the key information of the page generation through the CGI program, and automatically generates the home appliance control page. This method is not limited by the control interfaces supported by different devices.
(2)便于集中管理。在终端设备第一次加入系统时,根据设备安装位置情况对终端设备默认名称进行自定义,将其物理地址、自定义设备名称以及设备出厂信息存储在数据库中,当终端设备断电再一次加入系统时,嵌入式Web网关即可识别出设备。 (2) It is convenient for centralized management. When a terminal device joins the system for the first time, the default name of the terminal device is customized according to the installation location of the device, and its physical address, custom device name and device factory information are stored in the database. When the terminal device is powered off, it joins again system, the embedded web gateway can identify the device.
(3)抗干扰能力强、可靠性高。ZigBee网络具有很强的抗干扰性能,在物理层采用高处理增益的DS/FA,处理增益越大,抗干扰和抗多径时延扩展的能力也越强;ZigBee协议栈采用了碰撞避免机制,同时为需要固定带宽的通信业务预留了专用时隙来避免了发送数据时的竞争和冲突;MAC层采用了完全确认的数据传输机制,每个发送的数据包都必须等待接收方的确认信息。 (3) Strong anti-interference ability and high reliability. The ZigBee network has strong anti-interference performance. The DS/FA with high processing gain is used in the physical layer. The greater the processing gain, the stronger the anti-interference and anti-multipath delay expansion capabilities; the ZigBee protocol stack adopts a collision avoidance mechanism At the same time, dedicated time slots are reserved for communication services that require fixed bandwidth to avoid competition and conflicts when sending data; the MAC layer adopts a fully confirmed data transmission mechanism, and each sent data packet must wait for the receiver's confirmation information.
(4)低成本、低功耗。ZigBee是一个轻量协议栈,对终端处理其硬件要求低,节约了设备硬件成本;免专利费;采用休眠机制,终端设备每隔一段休眠时间对协调器模块进行轮询,若无数据则继续休眠,无线通信平均功耗较低。 (4) Low cost and low power consumption. ZigBee is a lightweight protocol stack that has low hardware requirements for terminal processing, saving equipment hardware costs; free of patent fees; using a sleep mechanism, the terminal device polls the coordinator module at intervals of sleep time, and continues if there is no data In sleep mode, the average power consumption of wireless communication is low.
(5)智能化。用户利用互联网远程访问网关终端设备家电控制页面,根据页面显示的终端设备环境参数信息,可对终端设备进行远程控制;系统操作指令丰富,可对设备进行运行状态和环境参数查询,以及设备开启/关闭、亮度调节和温度调节控制,实现终端设备控制智能化。 (5) Intelligence. The user uses the Internet to remotely access the home appliance control page of the gateway terminal device, and can remotely control the terminal device according to the terminal device environmental parameter information displayed on the page; the system has rich operating instructions, and can query the device's operating status and environmental parameters, and the device can be turned on/off Shut down, brightness adjustment and temperature adjustment control to realize intelligent control of terminal equipment.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1 是本发明实施方式中的系统结构图。 Fig. 1 is a system structure diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
图2 是本发明实施方式中的终端设备组成模块图。 Fig. 2 is a block diagram of terminal equipment in the embodiment of the present invention.
图3 是本发明实施方式中的嵌入式Web服务器的功能实现图。 Fig. 3 is the functional realization diagram of the embedded Web server in the embodiment of the present invention.
图4 是本发明实施方式中的终端设备工作流程图。 Fig. 4 is the working flow diagram of terminal equipment in the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但本发明要求保护的范围并不局限于实施例表述的范围。 The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the range expressed in the examples.
1.嵌入式Web网关和终端设备的硬件方案 1. Hardware Solution of Embedded Web Gateway and Terminal Equipment
嵌入式Web网关主要包括ARM微处理器S3C2410、Flash存储芯片、SDRAM存储芯片、时钟电路、电源电路、网卡接口和ZigBee协调器模块;Flash通用闪存接口CFI与ARM微处理器连接,担当Bootloader、Linux操作系统内核、BOA服务器程序、通用网关接口CGI程序和SQLite数据库的存储;SDRAM通过数据、地址和控制三总线与ARM微处理器连接,暂时存放ARM微处理器中的数据;网卡接口通过ISA总线与ARM微处理器连接;ZigBee协调器模块通过串行接口与ARM微处理器连接,ZigBee协调器模块建立网络等待终端设备加入,当有终端设备加入后,分配网络地址,将终端设备物理地址和设备出厂信息上发给嵌入式Web服务器;嵌入式Web服务器下发的操作指令先发送到ZigBee协调器模块,ZigBee协调器模块再通过无线网络发送给指定网络地址的终端设备。 The embedded web gateway mainly includes ARM microprocessor S3C2410, Flash memory chip, SDRAM memory chip, clock circuit, power supply circuit, network card interface and ZigBee coordinator module; Flash common flash memory interface CFI is connected with ARM microprocessor, acts as Bootloader, Linux The storage of the operating system kernel, BOA server program, CGI program and SQLite database; SDRAM is connected to the ARM microprocessor through data, address and control three buses, and temporarily stores the data in the ARM microprocessor; the network card interface is through the ISA bus Connect with the ARM microprocessor; the ZigBee coordinator module is connected with the ARM microprocessor through the serial interface, the ZigBee coordinator module establishes a network and waits for the terminal equipment to join. The factory information of the device is sent to the embedded Web server; the operation command issued by the embedded Web server is first sent to the ZigBee coordinator module, and the ZigBee coordinator module sends it to the terminal device with the specified network address through the wireless network.
终端设备包括无线单片机CC2430、射频电路、传感器模块、设备控制模块和时钟电路;无线单片机通过差分射频端口、收发切换端口与射频电路连接;无线单片机通过ADC端口与传感器模块连接,传感器模块负责采集模拟数据,并将模拟数据送到CC2430的ADC进行模数转换,最终得到相应的环境参数数值;设备控制模块与CC2430的I/O连接,当有指令下发给终端设备时,设备控制模块实现终端设备的相应操作。当用户没有发送指令时,终端节点将处于休眠状态,事先用定时器定义休眠间隔时间,每隔一个休眠时间终端设备将醒来对ZigBee协调器模块进行轮询,看是否有该终端设备的指令信息。若有指令信息则终端设备立即执行该指令,若为查询指令,终端设备将其运行状态和传感器模块采集的温湿度等环境参数值上发给嵌入式Web网关,家电控制页面将显示该终端设备运行状态和最新温湿度等环境参数信息;若为控制指令时,终端设备通过设备控制模块对设备进行控制,控制成功后将反馈信息上发给嵌入式Web网关,家电控制页面将显示该反馈信息,表明该设备控制成功;执行完后重新进入休眠状态。若没有指令信息,终端则重新进入休眠。 The terminal equipment includes wireless single-chip microcomputer CC2430, radio frequency circuit, sensor module, equipment control module and clock circuit; the wireless single-chip microcomputer is connected with the radio frequency circuit through the differential radio frequency port and the transceiver switching port; the wireless single-chip microcomputer is connected with the sensor module through the ADC port, and the sensor module is responsible for collecting analog data, and send the analog data to the ADC of CC2430 for analog-to-digital conversion, and finally obtain the corresponding environmental parameter values; the device control module is connected to the I/O of CC2430, and when an instruction is sent to the terminal device, the device control module realizes the terminal corresponding operation of the device. When the user does not send an instruction, the terminal node will be in a sleep state, and the sleep interval is defined in advance with a timer. Every other sleep time, the terminal device will wake up and poll the ZigBee coordinator module to see if there is an instruction for the terminal device. information. If there is command information, the terminal device will immediately execute the command. If it is a query command, the terminal device will send its operating status and environmental parameter values such as temperature and humidity collected by the sensor module to the embedded Web gateway, and the home appliance control page will display the terminal device Environmental parameter information such as operating status and latest temperature and humidity; if it is a control command, the terminal device controls the device through the device control module, and sends the feedback information to the embedded Web gateway after the control is successful, and the home appliance control page will display the feedback information , indicating that the device is successfully controlled; it will enter the dormant state again after execution. If there is no instruction information, the terminal will re-enter dormancy.
2.嵌入式Web网关的功能实现 2. Function Realization of Embedded Web Gateway
2.1 BOA服务器的实现 2.1 Realization of BOA server
嵌入式Web网关的功能实现包括的内容有BOA服务器、通用网关接口CGI和SQLite数据库,将BOA移植到运行Linux操作系统的ARM微处理器上,建立嵌入式Web服务器,为用户提供基于HTTP协议的接入方式,能够完成接受用户端请求、分析请求、响应请求、向用户端返回请求结果等任务;BOA服务器只支持基于CGI的自动生成网页,编写CGI程序实现对操作指令的处理;BOA服务器通过调用CGI程序实现家电控制页面的自动生成,并发送操作指令给终端设备,功能实现流程如下: The function realization of embedded Web gateway includes BOA server, common gateway interface CGI and SQLite database, transplant BOA to ARM microprocessor running Linux operating system, establish embedded Web server, and provide users with HTTP protocol-based The access method can complete tasks such as accepting client requests, analyzing requests, responding to requests, and returning request results to the client; the BOA server only supports automatic generation of web pages based on CGI, and writing CGI programs to realize the processing of operation instructions; BOA server through Call the CGI program to realize the automatic generation of the home appliance control page, and send the operation command to the terminal device. The function realization process is as follows:
(1) BOA服务器的初始化。完成BOA服务器的初始化工作,如创建环境变量、创建TCP套接字、绑定端口、开始侦听、进入循环结构和等待接收用户端浏览器的连接请求; (1) Initialization of the BOA server. Complete the initialization of the BOA server, such as creating environment variables, creating TCP sockets, binding ports, starting listening, entering a loop structure and waiting to receive connection requests from client browsers;
(2)接收用户端请求。当有客户端连接请求时,BOA服务器负责接收用户端请求,并保存相关请求信息; (2) Receive client request. When there is a client connection request, the BOA server is responsible for receiving the client request and saving the relevant request information;
(3)对请求信息作出响应。BOA服务器根据请求方法不同,作出不同的响应。如果请求方法为HEAD,则简单地返回响应首部即可;如果方法是GET,则首先返回响应首部,然后将用户端请求的URL目标文件从服务器上读出,再送给用户端浏览器;如果请求方法为POST,则将用户端发送过来的表单信息发送给相应的CGI程序,作为CGI的参数来执行CGI程序,并将执行结果发送给用户端浏览器; (3) Respond to the request information. The BOA server responds differently according to different request methods. If the request method is HEAD, simply return the response header; if the method is GET, first return the response header, then read the URL target file requested by the client from the server, and then send it to the client browser; if the request If the method is POST, the form information sent by the client is sent to the corresponding CGI program, and the CGI program is executed as a CGI parameter, and the execution result is sent to the browser of the client;
(4)关闭和用户计算机的连接。 (4) Close the connection with the user's computer.
2.2 家电控制页面的自动生成 2.2 Automatic generation of home appliance control page
终端设备上电加入系统,将物理地址、设备出厂信息上发给嵌入式Web网关的ZigBee协调器模块;BOA服务器从ZigBee协调器模块接收到的设备出厂信息中获取页面生成关键信息,页面生成关键信息主要包括设备关联、服务关联、操作关联、控制键描述、参数描述;页面生成关键信息与一个终端设备相关联,根据服务关联划分区域,一个服务划分一个区域,在区域内对控制键、参数图形进行定位,控制键和参数通过操作关联绑定在一起,控制键描述包含参数列表、图形信息、定位信息,参数描述包含数据类型、图形信息、定位信息;根据嵌入式Web网关中的HTML模板,经过CGI程序对数据进行处理,自动生成能够呈现出服务状态和可操作的服务控制界面的HTML文件。 The terminal device is powered on and joins the system, and sends the physical address and device factory information to the ZigBee coordinator module of the embedded Web gateway; the BOA server obtains the key information of page generation from the device factory information received by the ZigBee coordinator module, and the page generation key The information mainly includes device association, service association, operation association, control key description, and parameter description; the key information of page generation is associated with a terminal device, and the area is divided according to the service association, and a service is divided into an area. Graphics are positioned, control keys and parameters are bound together through operation associations, control key descriptions include parameter lists, graphic information, and positioning information, and parameter descriptions include data types, graphic information, and positioning information; according to the HTML template in the embedded Web gateway , process the data through the CGI program, and automatically generate an HTML file that can present the service status and the operable service control interface.
3.终端设备的名称管理 3. Name management of terminal devices
计算机通过互联网远程访问嵌入式Web网关,获取家电控制页面,根据终端设备的安装位置,对默认终端设备名称进行自定义,将自定义设备名称对应的物理地址、设备出厂信息等数据存储在SQLite数据库中,实现终端设备名称管理;当终端设备掉电重新加入到系统时,系统将该设备的物理地址与SQLite数据库中的物理地址信息进行比对,若发现物理地址匹配成功则直接取出终端设备数据,生成服务控制界面,嵌入式Web网关不需再获取终端设备的设备出厂信息。 The computer remotely accesses the embedded Web gateway through the Internet to obtain the home appliance control page, customizes the default terminal device name according to the installation location of the terminal device, and stores the physical address corresponding to the custom device name, device factory information and other data in the SQLite database , to manage the name of the terminal device; when the terminal device is powered off and reconnected to the system, the system compares the physical address of the device with the physical address information in the SQLite database, and if the physical address matches successfully, the terminal device data is directly taken out , to generate a service control interface, and the embedded web gateway no longer needs to obtain the device factory information of the terminal device.
4.嵌入式Web网关对终端设备的控制流程 4. The control process of the embedded web gateway to the terminal equipment
(1)将嵌入式Web网关接上电源,ZigBee协调器模块初始化,激活并建立一个新网络,然后进入无线监控状态,等待终端设备加入;终端设备接上电源,终端设备初始化,激活后搜索到网络,发送加入请求,提交该终端设备的物理地址、设备出厂信息,ZigBee协调器模块监测接收到终端设备发送的加入请求,允许其加入,分配网络地址,同时将其物理地址、设备出厂信息上发给嵌入式Web网关; (1) Connect the embedded Web gateway to the power supply, initialize the ZigBee coordinator module, activate and establish a new network, and then enter the wireless monitoring state, waiting for the terminal device to join; connect the terminal device to the power supply, initialize the terminal device, and search for it after activation network, send a join request, submit the physical address of the terminal device, and the device’s factory information. Send to the embedded web gateway;
(2) 在计算机上安装浏览器软件,通过互联网访问嵌入式Web服务器,嵌入式Web服务器接收ZigBee协调器模块上发的物理地址和设备出厂信息,并从设备出厂信息中获取页面生成关键信息,根据嵌入式Web网关中的HTML模板,经过CGI程序对页面生成关键信息进行处理,自动生成能够呈现出服务状态和可操作的家电控制页面的HTML文件;计算机打开家电控制页面,在显示的终端设备列表中选中终端设备,页面将显示出该终端设备的温湿度等环境参数和该终端设备支持的操作指令按键,根据终端设备的安装位置,对默认终端设备名称进行自定义,将自定义设备名称对应的物理地址、设备出厂信息等数据存储在SQLite数据库中; (2) Install the browser software on the computer, access the embedded Web server through the Internet, the embedded Web server receives the physical address and device delivery information sent by the ZigBee coordinator module, and obtains the key information for page generation from the device delivery information, According to the HTML template in the embedded Web gateway, the key information generated by the page is processed through the CGI program, and the HTML file that can present the service status and the operable home appliance control page is automatically generated; the computer opens the home appliance control page, and the displayed terminal device Select a terminal device in the list, and the page will display the environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity of the terminal device and the operation command buttons supported by the terminal device. According to the installation location of the terminal device, customize the default terminal device name, and customize the device name The corresponding physical address, equipment factory information and other data are stored in the SQLite database;
(3) 在家电控制页面上,对该终端设备选择运行状态和环境参数值查询按键,嵌入式Web网关将查询指令下发给终端设备,终端设备收到查询指令后,无线单片机采样传感器模块的模拟电压,通过内部ADC模数转换器进行量化,再根据量化值与温湿度等环境参数的对应关系,得到环境参数数值,最后将该数据和终端设备运行状态一起上发给嵌入式Web网关;嵌入式Web服务器将收到的数据进行处理,页面将显示终端设备开关与否以及最新的环境参数值; (3) On the home appliance control page, select the operation status and environmental parameter value query button for the terminal device, and the embedded Web gateway will send the query command to the terminal device. After the terminal device receives the query command, the wireless microcontroller will sample the sensor module. The analog voltage is quantified by the internal ADC analog-to-digital converter, and then the value of the environmental parameter is obtained according to the corresponding relationship between the quantized value and the environmental parameters such as temperature and humidity, and finally the data is sent to the embedded web gateway together with the operating status of the terminal device; The embedded web server will process the received data, and the page will display whether the terminal device is on or off and the latest environmental parameter values;
(4)根据查询的终端设备运行状态以及温湿度等环境参数值,选择相应控制按键,该控制指令以HTTP请求的方式发送给嵌入式Web服务器;嵌入式Web服务器收到的控制指令下发给ZigBee协调器模块,ZigBee协调器模块通过无线网络将控制指令下发给指定的终端设备;终端设备收到控制指令后,无线单片机解析命令,通过I/O口使能设备控制模块执行相应操作,设备控制成功后,终端设备向嵌入式Web网关上发“OK”信息;嵌入式Web服务器收到“OK”信息,进行处理后在家电控制页面上显示“OK”; (4) Select the corresponding control button according to the inquired operating status of the terminal equipment and environmental parameter values such as temperature and humidity, and the control command is sent to the embedded Web server in the form of an HTTP request; the control command received by the embedded Web server is sent to the The ZigBee coordinator module, the ZigBee coordinator module sends the control command to the designated terminal device through the wireless network; after the terminal device receives the control command, the wireless single-chip microcomputer analyzes the command, and enables the device control module to perform corresponding operations through the I/O port. After the device is successfully controlled, the terminal device sends an "OK" message to the embedded Web gateway; the embedded Web server receives the "OK" message, processes it and displays "OK" on the home appliance control page;
(5)按照步骤(3)、 (4)对家电控制页面进行操作,即可远程对终端设备的控制,实现环境参数的调节; (5) According to steps (3) and (4) to operate the home appliance control page, you can remotely control the terminal equipment and realize the adjustment of environmental parameters;
当终端设备掉电后重新加入到系统时,系统将该设备的物理地址与SQLite数据库中的物理地址信息进行比对,若发现物理地址匹配成功则直接取出终端设备数据,生成服务控制界面,嵌入式Web网关不需再获取终端设备的设备出厂信息。 When the terminal device is re-connected to the system after power-off, the system compares the physical address of the device with the physical address information in the SQLite database. If the physical address matches successfully, it will directly take out the terminal device data, generate a service control interface, and embed The traditional web gateway no longer needs to obtain the device factory information of the terminal device.
实施例: Example:
如图1所示,模块10嵌入式Web网关主要包括以下单元:
As shown in Figure 1, the
(1)网卡接口11:通过ISA总线与ARM微处理器连接,实现网卡和网络电缆的物理连接,系统工作时,嵌入式Web网关通过网卡接口连接到互联网,计算机通过互联网访问嵌入式Web网关。 (1) Network card interface 11: be connected with ARM microprocessor by ISA bus, realize the physical connection of network card and network cable, during system work, embedded Web gateway is connected to Internet by network card interface, and computer visits embedded Web gateway through Internet.
(2)ZigBee协调器模块12:通过串行接口与ARM微处理器连接,负责建立ZigBee网络,分配加入成员的网络地址,维护节点的绑定关系表,一方面将终端设备上发的物理地址、设备出厂信息等数据发送给嵌入式Web网关中的嵌入式Web服务器,另一方面将嵌入式Web服务器下发的操作指令发送给指定终端设备。 (2) ZigBee coordinator module 12: connected with the ARM microprocessor through the serial interface, responsible for establishing the ZigBee network, assigning the network address of joining members, maintaining the binding relationship table of the node, and sending the physical address sent by the terminal equipment on the one hand , device factory information and other data are sent to the embedded Web server in the embedded Web gateway, and on the other hand, the operation instructions issued by the embedded Web server are sent to the designated terminal device.
(3)ARM微处理器13:功能强大的微处理器芯片,能更好地处理终端设备上发的数据;将BOA移植到运行Linux操作系统的ARM芯片上,建立嵌入式Web服务器。 (3) ARM microprocessor 13: a powerful microprocessor chip, which can better process the data sent by the terminal equipment; transplant the BOA to the ARM chip running the Linux operating system, and build an embedded Web server.
(4)Flash 14:通过通用闪存接口CFI与ARM微处理器连接,主要担当BootLoader、内核、文件系统、用户软件代码、常量等代码数据的存储。 (4) Flash 14: connected to the ARM microprocessor through the common flash memory interface CFI, mainly responsible for the storage of code data such as BootLoader, kernel, file system, user software code, and constants.
(5)SDRAM 15:通过数据、地址和控制三总线与ARM微处理器连接,暂时存放ARM芯片中的处理数据。 (5) SDRAM 15: It is connected to the ARM microprocessor through the data, address and control three buses, and temporarily stores the processing data in the ARM chip.
(6)时钟电路16:包括各模块电路所需的晶振电路,为系统运行提供时钟信号。 (6) Clock circuit 16: includes crystal oscillator circuits required by each module circuit, and provides clock signals for system operation.
(7)电源电路17:由稳压芯片组成电源电路,负责为各系统模块供电。 (7) Power supply circuit 17: The power supply circuit is composed of a voltage stabilizing chip, responsible for supplying power to each system module.
(8)终端设备18:终端设备在加入ZigBee网络后,上发物理地址、设备出厂信息等数据给ZigBee协调器模块,接收网关指令,执行控制指令,上传设备运行状态及环境参数数据。 (8) Terminal equipment 18: After joining the ZigBee network, the terminal equipment sends data such as physical address and equipment factory information to the ZigBee coordinator module, receives gateway instructions, executes control instructions, and uploads equipment operation status and environmental parameter data.
(9)串口线路19:ZigBee协调器模块与ARM芯片的连接线。ARM芯片上的嵌入式Web服务器下发操作指令给ZigBee协调器模块,ZigBee协调器模块向ARM芯片发送终端设备上传的数据信息。 (9) Serial port line 19: the connection line between the ZigBee coordinator module and the ARM chip. The embedded Web server on the ARM chip issues operation instructions to the ZigBee coordinator module, and the ZigBee coordinator module sends the data information uploaded by the terminal device to the ARM chip.
(10)ISA总线110:网卡接口与ARM芯片的连接线。 (10) ISA bus 110: the connection line between the network card interface and the ARM chip.
(11)互联网111:计算机的连网方式,计算机通过互联网远程访问嵌入式Web网关。 (11) Internet 111: computer networking mode, the computer remotely accesses the embedded Web gateway through the Internet.
(12)计算机112:运行浏览器软件,对家电进行远程查询和控制。 (12) Computer 112: run browser software to perform remote query and control on home appliances.
如图2,为本发明中的终端设备组成模块图,具体包括以下模块: As shown in Figure 2, it is a block diagram of the terminal equipment in the present invention, specifically including the following modules:
(1)无线单片机21:终端设备收到查询指令后,无线单片机采样传感器模块的模拟电压,通过内部ADC模数转换器进行量化;终端设备收到控制指令后,无线单片机解析命令,通过I/O口使能设备控制模块执行相应操作。 (1) wireless single-chip microcomputer 21: after the terminal equipment receives the query instruction, the analog voltage of the wireless single-chip microcomputer sampling sensor module is quantified by the internal ADC analog-to-digital converter; The O port enables the device control module to perform corresponding operations.
(2)射频电路22:与无线单片机的差分射频端口、收发切换端口连接,负责无线数据的收发。 (2) Radio frequency circuit 22 : connected to the differential radio frequency port and the transceiver switching port of the wireless single-chip microcomputer, responsible for transmitting and receiving wireless data.
(3)设备控制模块23:与无线单片机的I/O端口连接,接收无线单片机发送的I/O使能信号,实现对家电的控制。 (3) Device control module 23: connected with the I/O port of the wireless single-chip microcomputer, receiving the I/O enable signal sent by the wireless single-chip microcomputer, and realizing the control of the household appliances.
(4)时钟电路24:由晶振电路组成,为终端设备运行提供时钟信号。 (4) Clock circuit 24: composed of a crystal oscillator circuit, which provides a clock signal for the operation of the terminal equipment.
(5)传感器模块25:与无线单片机的ADC端口连接,采集环境参数,输出模拟电压给无线芯片的ADC进行模数转换,再根据量化值与环境参数的对应关系,得到环境参数数值。 (5) Sensor module 25: connected with the ADC port of the wireless single-chip microcomputer, collecting environmental parameters, outputting analog voltage to the ADC of the wireless chip for analog-to-digital conversion, and then obtaining the environmental parameter value according to the corresponding relationship between the quantized value and the environmental parameter.
(6)采样线路26:传感器模块与无线单片机的连接线。将传感器模块输出的模拟电压信号传送至无线单片机的ADC引脚。 (6) Sampling line 26: the connection line between the sensor module and the wireless microcontroller. Transmit the analog voltage signal output by the sensor module to the ADC pin of the wireless microcontroller.
(7)I/O信号线27:无线单片机与设备控制模块的连接线。 (7) I/O signal line 27: the connection line between the wireless microcontroller and the device control module.
如图3,为本发明中的嵌入式Web服务器的功能实现图,具体流程如下: As Figure 3, it is a function realization diagram of the embedded Web server in the present invention, and the concrete process is as follows:
(1)ZigBee协调器模块31初始化,激活并建立一个新网络,终端设备加入后上传物理地址、设备出厂信息给ZigBee协调器模块。
(1)
(2)通过CGI 32从设备出厂信息中获取页面生成关键信息并进行处理,自动生成家电控制页面。
(2) Through
(3)计算机运行浏览器33远程访问嵌入式Web网关,在BOA服务器34上获取家电控制页面。
(3) The computer runs the
如图4,为本发明中终端设备工作流程图。流程图步骤如下: FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the operation of the terminal device in the present invention. The flowchart steps are as follows:
(1)上电后,系统初始化41,激活后搜索到网络,申请加入网络42。 (1) After power-on, the system initializes 41 , searches the network after activation, and applies to join the network 42 .
(2)先判断是否成功加入43,根据是否成功加入判断终端设备应该进入什么状态。如果成功加入则进入查询是否有本终端设备的操作指令44,如果未加入成功则继续申请加入网络42. (2) First judge whether to join 43 successfully, and judge what state the terminal device should enter according to whether the join is successful. If it joins successfully, it enters to inquire whether there is an operation instruction 44 for this terminal device, and if it fails to join successfully, it continues to apply for joining the network 42.
(3)查询是否有本终端设备的操作指令44,若有则进入是否查询指令45,若没有则进入休眠状态410。 (3) Query whether there is an operation command 44 of the terminal device, if there is, enter the query command 45 , if not, enter the dormant state 410 .
(4)判断是否查询指令45,若是则使能传感器模块采集数据47,采集完后将环境参数数据和终端设备运行状态上传给ZigBee协调器模块48,进入休眠状态410;若否则使能设备控制模块供电,将控制指令发送给设备控制模块并等待执行完毕46,执行完毕后将反馈信息上发给ZigBee协调器模块49,进入休眠状态410。 (4) judge whether to inquire about instruction 45, if so then enable sensor module to collect data 47, upload environmental parameter data and terminal equipment running status to ZigBee coordinator module 48 after collecting, enter dormant state 410; If otherwise enable device control The module supplies power, sends the control command to the device control module and waits for the execution to be completed 46 , after the execution is completed, the feedback information is sent to the ZigBee coordinator module 49 and enters the dormant state 410 .
(5)进入休眠状态410后,事先设定定时器时间,进行定时器唤醒411,终端设备醒来后向协调器查询是否有终端设备的操作指令44,进入第(3)步。 (5) After entering the dormant state 410, set the timer time in advance, and perform a timer wake-up 411. After the terminal equipment wakes up, it inquires whether there is an operation instruction 44 of the terminal equipment to the coordinator, and enters the (3) step.
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