CN102237812B - Primary side feedback (FB) switching power supply controller and switching power supply system - Google Patents
Primary side feedback (FB) switching power supply controller and switching power supply system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a primary side feedback (FB) switching power supply controller and a switching power supply system. The switching power supply system comprises a transformer, a voltage-dividing circuit, a main switch tube, an output circuit and the primary side FB switching power supply controller, wherein the voltage-dividing circuit is connected to the transformer; the power supply end of the primary side FB switching power supply controller is connected with the primary side first input end of the transformer; the FB control end of the primary side FB switching power supply controller is connected to the voltage-dividing point of the voltage-dividing circuit; the input end of the primary side FB switching power supply controller is connected with the grid of the main switch tube; the control end of the primary side FB switching power supply controller is connected to the source of the main switch tube; and the primary side FB switching power supply controller comprises an FB waveform detection module, a triangular wave generating circuit, a first comparer, a narrow pulse generating circuit, a second comparer and an RS (Reset-Set) trigger. Due to the implementation of the primary side FB switching power supply controller and the switching power supply system, provided by the invention, the system stability can be effectively improved, the complexity of a peripheral system can be lowered, the quantity of peripheral elements can be reduced, and the cost of a product can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of switch power, more particularly, relate to a kind of former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric and switch power supply system.
Background technology
The AC/DC transducer that High Level AC Voltage is converted to the required low-voltage direct of load has developed quite ripely.For safety requirements, need to isolate input and output by transformer.Usually need to use optocoupler the information of output voltage to be fed back to the controller that is in former limit, output voltage is regulated according to feedback information by controller.Thereby yet still can not detecting the current information of output, the controller that is in former limit makes suitable adjusting.In recent years, thereby use former limit feedback technique more and more to be paid attention to from the constant current constant voltage technology that transformer primary side detects the output current information stabilizing output current, thereby a lot of former limits FEEDBACK CONTROL chip occurred.
Fig. 1 is the typical application circuit of the former limit feedback controller of prior art.This main circuit will comprise transformer 10(three-winding transformer), main switch 20, secondary commutation diode 40, output capacitance 45 and controller 70.After system stability work, controller 70 will be by auxiliary winding by rectifier diode 60 power supplies.Output voltage feeds back to controller one side by auxiliary winding, then by divider resistance 50 and 51, by DET pin Check processing.Resistance 30 detects the electric current of the main switch 20 of flowing through.Building-out capacitor 31 and 32 is respectively voltage loop and current loop stabiloity compensation electric capacity.Controller 70 belongs to the PWM controller of peak-current mode.
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of the controller shown in Fig. 1.Controller 70 mainly is comprised of voltage control loop and current control loop two parts.Voltage control loop is by voltage waveform detector 100, spaning waveguide operational amplifier 71, and comparator 73 and voltage summation module 600 form; Current control loop is by current-waveform detector 300, integrator 400, and spaning waveguide operational amplifier 72 and comparator 75 form.Voltage decision systems by the DET pin works in constant voltage mode or constant current mode.
As the voltage of the DET pin reference voltage V less than inner setting
REF1, showing that output voltage does not reach rated output voltage, system works is in the constant current output pattern, and output current does not change with output voltage.When the voltage of DET pin a little more than reference voltage V
REF1, system works is in constant voltage mode, and the constant voltage loop makes DET voltage be numerically equal to V by regulating the duty ratio regulated output voltage of PWM
REF1, as long as the closed loop gain of loop is enough large, output voltage does not change with output current.
The current control loop of the controller shown in Fig. 2 and voltage control loop all need complicated compensating circuit guarantee system steady operation under various conditions of work, have therefore increased production cost, peripheral system complexity and peripheral cell number.In addition, for controller itself, because constant voltage and constant current control loop are almost that independent design exists in chip, the circuit module that shares is less, and the utilance of device is low, and the chip area that has increased controller has increased production cost.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, for the defects of prior art, provides a kind of former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, and it can improve the stability of a system effectively, reduces the peripheral system complexity, reduces the peripheral cell number, reduces the cost of product.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct a kind of former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, comprising:
FB waveforms detection module, the former limit of the first input end connection transformer of described FB waveforms detection module, the second input of described FB waveforms detection module connects the 4th reference voltage,
Triangular wave generating circuit, the input of described triangular wave generating circuit connect the output of described FB waveforms detection module to receive the feedback output voltage and to generate triangular wave based on described feedback output voltage;
The first comparator, the normal phase input end of described the first comparator connect the output of described triangular wave generating circuit to receive described triangular wave, and the inverting input of described the first comparator connects the second reference voltage;
The output that narrow-pulse generation circuit, the input of described narrow-pulse generation circuit connect described the first comparator generates burst pulse with the output that receives described the first comparator and based on the output of described the first comparator;
The second comparator, the normal phase input end of described the second comparator connects the source electrode of main switch, and the inverting input of described the second comparator connects the 3rd reference voltage;
Rest-set flip-flop, the S end of described rest-set flip-flop connects the output of described narrow-pulse generation circuit to receive described burst pulse, the R end of described rest-set flip-flop connects the output of described the second comparator to receive the output of described the second comparator, and the Q end output control signal of described rest-set flip-flop is to control described main switch.
In the feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of former limit of the present invention, further comprise: the constant current/constant voltage control module, the input of described constant current/constant voltage control module is connected to the first input end of described FB waveforms detection module, and it is constant with the output voltage of control transformer that the output of described constant current/constant voltage control module is connected to the output of described triangular wave generating circuit.
in the feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of former limit of the present invention, described constant current/constant voltage control module comprises sampling/maintenance module, spaning waveguide operational amplifier and one-way conduction diode, wherein, the input of described sampling/maintenance module connects the input of described constant current/constant voltage control module with sampling and inhibit signal, the inverting input of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier connects the output of described sampling/maintenance module to receive sampled signal, the normal phase input end of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier receives the first reference voltage, the output of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier connects the negative electrode of described one-way conduction diode, the output of the described triangular wave generating circuit of anodic bonding of described one-way conduction diode.
in the feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of former limit of the present invention, described constant current/constant voltage control module comprises spaning waveguide operational amplifier, the first metal-oxide-semiconductor and the second metal-oxide-semiconductor, wherein, the inverting input of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier receives the first reference voltage, normal phase input end connects the output of described sampling/maintenance module to receive sampled signal, the output of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier is connected to the drain electrode of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor, the drain electrode of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor is connected to the grid of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor and the grid of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor, described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor source electrode connects the source electrode of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor, the drain electrode of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor connects the output of described triangular wave generating circuit.
In the feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of former limit of the present invention, further comprise: drive circuit, the Q that the input of described drive circuit connects described rest-set flip-flop holds to receive the output control signal, and the output of described drive circuit connects the grid of main switch to control the switch of described main switch.
In the feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of former limit of the present invention, described triangular wave generating circuit comprises:
Inverter, the input of described inverter connects the output of described FB waveforms detection module;
The first switch member, the control end of described the first switch member is connected to the output of described inverter, the output of described the first switch member is connected to the output of the first current source, the input termination power of described the first current source, the input of described the first switch member connects the output of described triangular wave generating circuit;
Second switch spare, the control end of described second switch spare is connected to the input of described inverter, the output of described second switch spare connects the input of input connection second current source of the input of described the first switch member, described second switch spare, the output head grounding of described the second current source;
Electric capacity, an end of described electric capacity connects the output of described triangular wave generating circuit, other end ground connection.
In the feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of former limit of the present invention, described the first switch member and described second switch spare are switching tube.
another technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is, construct a kind of switch power supply system, comprise transformer, be connected to the former limit first input end of described transformer and the bleeder circuit between the second input, main switch and output circuit, and former limit as above feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, the power end of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric connects the former limit first input end of described transformer, the FEEDBACK CONTROL end of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is connected to the dividing point of described bleeder circuit, the output of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric connects the grid of described main switch, the control end of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is connected to the source electrode of described main switch.
Implement former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of the present invention and switch power supply system, can effectively improve the stability of a system, reduce the peripheral system complexity, reduce the peripheral cell number, reduce the cost of product.In addition, constant voltage, the constant current of former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric realize that module reuse is more, reduce chip area, reduce production costs, and constant voltage, the transition gently of constant current output pattern simultaneously, the output voltage ripple of avoiding the conversion between pattern to introduce.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the typical application circuit of the former limit feedback controller of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the theory diagram of the controller shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram of former according to an embodiment of the invention limit feedback controller;
Fig. 4 is the circuit diagram of the constant current/constant voltage control module of former limit feedback controller according to still another embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of switch power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the working waveform figure of the switch power supply system circuit shown in Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is the V under constant current output pattern and constant voltage output mode of the switch power supply system circuit shown in Fig. 5
CVThe voltage waveform of node.
Embodiment
Fig. 3 is the theory diagram of former according to an embodiment of the invention limit feedback controller.As shown in Figure 3, former limit of the present invention feedback switch power-supply controller of electric comprises: FB waveforms detection module 101, triangular wave generating circuit 200, the first comparator 111, narrow-pulse generation circuit 112, the second comparator 113, rest-set flip-flop 114 and constant current/constant voltage control module 300.As shown in Figure 3, the former limit of the first input end FB connection transformer of described FB waveforms detection module 101, the second input of described FB waveforms detection module 101 connects the 4th reference voltage V
REF4The input of described triangular wave generating circuit 200 connects the output of described FB waveforms detection module 101 to receive the feedback output voltage V
TONSAnd based on described feedback output voltage V
TONSGenerate triangular wave.The normal phase input end of described the first comparator 111 connects the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVTo receive described triangular wave, the inverting input of described the first comparator 111 connects the second reference voltage V
REF2The input of described narrow-pulse generation circuit 112 connects the output V of described the first comparator 111
PGGenerate burst pulse with the output that receives described the first comparator 111 and based on the output of described the first comparator 111.The normal phase input end of described the second comparator 113 connects the source electrode of main switch, and the inverting input of described the second comparator 113 connects the 3rd reference voltage V
REF3The S end of described rest-set flip-flop 114 connects the output SET of described narrow-pulse generation circuit 112 to receive described burst pulse, the R end of described rest-set flip-flop 114 connects the output RST of described the second comparator 113 to receive the output of described the second comparator 113, and the Q end output control signal of described rest-set flip-flop 114 is to control described main switch.The input of described constant current/constant voltage control module 300 is connected to the first input end FB of described FB waveforms detection module 101, and the output of described constant current/constant voltage control module 300 is connected to the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVOutput voltage with control transformer is constant.
The embodiment of preferred triangular wave generating circuit 200, constant current/constant voltage control module 300 and drive circuit 115 has been shown in Fig. 3.As shown in Figure 3, triangular wave generating circuit 200 of the present invention comprises inverter 107, the first switch member 110, second switch spare 108 and electric capacity 106.The input of wherein said inverter 107 connects the output of described FB waveforms detection module 101.The control end of described the first switch member 110 is connected to the output of described inverter 107, and the output of described the first switch member 110 is connected to the output of the first current source 109.The input termination power of described the first current source 109.The input of described the first switch member 110 connects the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVThe control end of described second switch spare 108 is connected to the input of described inverter 107, the output of described second switch spare 108 connects the input of described the first switch member 110, and the input of described second switch spare 108 connects the input of the second current source 105.The output head grounding of described the second current source 105.One end of described electric capacity 106 connects the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CV, other end ground connection.Those skilled in the art know, analog switch device as known in the art, and as switching tube, metal-oxide-semiconductor etc. can be used as switch member of the present invention.The present invention is not subjected to the restriction of the kind of switch member.Those skilled in the art can adopt various switching devices to realize the present invention according to instruction of the present invention.
Constant current/constant voltage control module 300 as shown in Figure 3 is used for output current or the voltage constant of control change device.Certainly in simplified embodiment of the present invention, as not needing, also this constant current/constant voltage control module can be set.Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 show respectively described constant current/constant voltage control module 300 of the present invention.As shown in Figure 3, described constant current/constant voltage control module 300 comprises sampling/maintenance module 102, spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103 and one-way conduction diode 104.Wherein, the input of described sampling/maintenance module 102 connects the input of described constant current/constant voltage control module 300 with sampling and inhibit signal.The inverting input of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103 connects the output of described sampling/maintenance module 102 to receive sampled signal V
HThe normal phase input end of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103 receives the first reference voltage V
REF1The output of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103 connects the negative electrode of described one-way conduction diode 104.The output V of the described triangular wave generating circuit 200 of the anodic bonding of described one-way conduction diode 104
CV
The Q that the input of described drive circuit 115 as shown in Figure 3 connects described rest-set flip-flop 114 holds to receive the output control signal, and the output of described drive circuit 115 connects the grid of main switch to control the switch of described main switch.Those skilled in the art know, when the Q of rest-set flip-flop 114 holds the output control signal of sending to be enough to drive main switch, need not design driven circuit 115.In addition, the main switch drive circuit is technology well known in the art, therefore it is not described in detail.
Constant current/constant voltage control module 300 shown in Fig. 4 comprises the current mirror that spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103, the first metal-oxide-semiconductors 201 and the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 202 consist of.Wherein, the inverting input of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103 receives the first reference voltage V
REF1, normal phase input end connects the output of described sampling/maintenances module 102 with reception sampled signal V
HThe output of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103 is connected to the drain electrode of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 202.The drain electrode of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 202 is connected to the grid of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 202 and the grid of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 201.Described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor 202 source electrodes connect the source electrode of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 201.The drain electrode of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor 201 connects the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CV
Below in conjunction with Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, the operation principle of each electronic device of former limit of the present invention feedback controller is introduced.FB waveforms detection module 101 is used for checking that voltage that first input end FB receives is higher than reference voltage V
REF4Duration.Sampling keeps module 102 to output to rear class for the first input end FB that gathers described FB waveforms detection module 101 at the voltage of particular point in time and maintenance.Spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103 is the voltage V that keeps module 102 to receive from sampling
HWith the first reference voltage V
REF1Voltage difference convert corresponding electric current to, be used for changing the slope that discharges and recharges of electric capacity 106, thereby the operating frequency that changes system finally reaches the purpose of regulation output voltage.One-way conduction diode 104 is at the output V of its cathode voltage higher than described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVBe in cut-off state during voltage, only at the output V of its cathode voltage lower than described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVAbility normally during voltage.One-way conduction diode 104 combines with spaning waveguide operational amplifier 103 and has consisted of an one-way conduction spaning waveguide operational amplifier.The voltage V that keeps module 102 receptions from sampling
HThan the first reference voltage V
REF1Low, namely system works spaning waveguide operational amplifier under constant current mode is inoperative, and at the voltage V that keeps module 102 to receive from sampling
HThan the first reference voltage V
REF1Height, namely system works spaning waveguide operational amplifier under constant voltage mode has regulating action to output voltage.The one-way conduction spaning waveguide operational amplifier also can use circuit as shown in Figure 4 to realize, consists of current mirror by metal-oxide-semiconductor 201 and 202 in this circuit, notes the anti-phase input termination reference voltage V of trsanscondutance amplifier 103 this moment
REF1And in-phase input end connects the output that sampling keeps module 102.The second current source 105 is in the feedback output voltage V
TONSExtract electric current from electric capacity 106 during for high level.Inverter 107 is the feedback output voltage V
TONSThe logic negate, and then control the first switch member 110.The first current source 109 is in the feedback output voltage V
TONSFor low level is charged to electric capacity 106.The output of the control termination inverter 107 of the first switch member 110.The input termination power of described the first current source 109.The input of described switch member 110 connects the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVThe normal phase input end of the first comparator 111 meets the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CV, anti-phase input termination the second reference voltage V
REF2, the input of output termination burst pulse generator 112.Burst pulse generator 112 produces a burst pulse for set rest-set flip-flop 114 at the voltage rising edge of input, makes OUT output high level.The normal phase input end of the second comparator 113 is through the source electrode of CS termination main switch, anti-phase input termination the 3rd reference voltage V
REF3, output connects the reset terminal R of rest-set flip-flop 114.The voltage of receiving in the CS termination is higher than reference voltage V
REF3The time close output.The output of the S input termination narrow-pulse generator 112 of rest-set flip-flop 114, the output of R termination the second comparator 113, output Q connects the input of drive circuit 115.The output of the input termination rest-set flip-flop of drive circuit 115, output termination OUT.
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of switch power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention.As shown in Figure 5, switch power supply system comprises transformer 10, is connected to former limit first input end and the bleeder circuit between the second input, main switch 20, output circuit and the former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric 70 of described transformer 10.Described bleeder circuit comprises resistance R 0 and resistance R 1.Wherein, resistance R 0 and resistance R 1 are connected between the former limit first input end and the second input of transformer.The power end VCC of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric connects the former limit first input end of described transformer.The FEEDBACK CONTROL end FB of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is connected to the dividing point of described bleeder circuit, the i.e. tie point of resistance R 0 and resistance R 1.The output OUT of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric connects the grid of described main switch, and the control end CS of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is connected to the source electrode of described main switch
For better explanation the present invention, be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.Fig. 5 is that Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of switch power supply system according to an embodiment of the invention, with the former limit feedback controller typical application circuit comparison of Fig. 1 prior art, the pin of former limit of the present invention feedback switch power-supply controller of electric 70 only has 5, lack 2 than prior art, and without offset peripheral electric capacity 31 and 32, this realizes by changing the system works pattern.Controller of the present invention belongs to the PFM controller of peak-current mode, and Fig. 1 middle controller belongs to the PWM controller of peak-current mode.As everyone knows, the system of peak current PFM mode of operation wants high than the stability of a system of PWM mode of operation, but proposes more requirement for controller's design.
The characteristics of PWM mode of operation are that the switching frequency of system is fixed.As shown in Figure 2, comprise one in controller for generation of the oscillator 200 of required operating frequency, the frequency of oscillator is not change with input/output condition in the course of the work.From sequential, its course of work is simpler, but needs more complicated loop stability compensating circuit.To be produced an enable signal to make the main switch 20 of PWM control module 500 output high level in driving Fig. 1, the voltage V of CS end by oscillator in the beginning of each switch periods
CSIncrease gradually, when increasing to a certain particular value V
PCSAfter, comparator 73 output low levels of Fig. 2, PWM control module 500 output low levels are closed main switch, until next cycle, frequency generator is opened main switch again, goes round and begins again.The adjusting of output voltage is by changing V
PCSRealize, the size that is actually by transformer primary side inductance peak current changes output V
OUTDuty ratio realize.
As shown in Figure 3, feedback switch power-supply controller of electric inside, former limit of the present invention does not have oscillator.The peak current of PFM controller transformer primary side inductance of the present invention is fixed, by changing the operating frequency regulation output voltage of system.Be in discontinuous current mode (DCM) when all requiring system's normal operation due to above these two kinds of application, must wait until that namely the secondary inductance electric current drops to the 0 rear main switch of just opening, the energy that is stored in former limit inductance is all transferred to secondary output.In the ideal case, power output P
OUTFor
V wherein
O, I
OBe respectively output voltage and the output current of transformer, L
mFor the transformer primary side inductance (marks N in Fig. 5
PThe number of turn that represents this inductor winding is N
PCircle), I
PKBe the peak current by this inductance, f is switching frequency.When constant voltage (constant current) is exported, Vo(Io) be constantly equal to a certain design load, be Io(Vo) variable; As Io(Vo) when changing, can be corresponding to changing I
PKOr the right and left that f makes equation 1 equates again, and system reaches new balance.The PWM controller is just by changing the I in equation 1
PKAnd the PFM controller is realized the adjusting of output voltage (electric current) by changing f.
Ideally, the exemplary operation waveform of Fig. 5 circuit as shown in Figure 6, SET wherein, V
PG, V
CVBe the voltage waveform of the inner corresponding ports of of the present invention former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of Fig. 3, V
TONSBe the feedback output voltage waveforms, all the other are node voltage corresponding to Fig. 5 or current waveform.
The voltage V of the first input end FB of described FB waveforms detection module 101
FBAt secondary inductance (in Fig. 5 mark Ns represent that the number of turn of this inductor winding is the Ns circle) electric current from I
PKSDrop in 0 process and remain a certain magnitude of voltage that is directly proportional to output voltage.Work as V
FBVoltage lower than reference voltage V
REF1, system works is in the constant current output pattern, and output current does not change with output voltage; Work as V
FBVoltage higher than reference voltage V
REF1, system works is in the constant voltage output mode, and output voltage does not change with output current, V
FBEqual a V
REF1The time can think constant voltage or constant current mode.Constant current output and constant voltage output mode are connected by the one-way conduction trsanscondutance amplifier that trsanscondutance amplifier in Fig. 3 103 and diode 104 form, and realize the smooth conversion of these two kinds of output modes.
Under the constant current output pattern, in Fig. 3 due to V
FBVoltage less than V
REF1So sampling keeps the sampled signal V of module 102
HEqually less than V
REF1, suppose one-way conduction diode 104 by the wire short circuit, will there be electric current to flow out from the output of trsanscondutance amplifier, I in figure
OFor
Io＝-g
m×(V
REF1-V
H) （2）
G wherein
mThe transconductance value of trsanscondutance amplifier, but due to the existence of one-way conduction diode 104, this moment I
OBe 0, there is no electric current flows into node V
CV, under the constant current output pattern, can ignore sampling and keep module 102, the effect of trsanscondutance amplifier 103 and diode 104.
Under the constant current output pattern, each node voltage and electric current are as shown in Figure 6.At t
0Constantly, each node voltage and electric current all are initialized to 0.At t
0Later former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is started working, and this moment is due to V
FBVoltage less than the reference voltage V of the inner FB voltage waveform of limit, Fig. 3 Central Plains feedback switch power-supply controller of electric detection module 101
REF4So, the feedback output voltage V of FB voltage waveform detection module 101
TONSBe low level, inverter 107 is output as high level, the first switch member 110 conductings, and 108 cut-offs of second switch spare, the electric current of the first current source 109 take size as I is to electric capacity 106 chargings, the output V of triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVVoltage constantly increase with slope (3)
S
C1=I/C
C （3）。
Wherein I is the size of current of the first current source 109, C
CAppearance value for electric capacity 106.As output V
CVVoltage rise to the reference voltage V of comparator 111
REF2The time, comparator 111 output V
PGBecome high level, pulsewidth of narrow-pulse generator 112 outputs is T
SETShort pulse replacement rest-set flip-flop 114, make OUT end output high level, thereby drive the main switch 20 in Fig. 5.This moment, the electric current by main switch equated with electric current by the transformer primary side inductance, and former limit inductive current increases with slope (4) gradually since 0.
S
LM=V
IN/L
M （4）
V wherein
INBe input voltage, L
MBe former limit inductance value.This electric current converts V to by detecting resistance 30
CSVoltage is when inductive current increases to set point I
PK, corresponding V
CSVoltage is the inverting input reference voltage V of the second comparator 113 in Fig. 3
REF3The time, comparator 113 output high level reset rest-set flip-flop 114, and the OUT output low level is closed main switch, causes being stored in former limit inductance L
MEnergy shift to secondary winding and auxiliary winding, wherein most energy are transferred to secondary output winding, in order to discuss conveniently, the energy of transferring to auxiliary winding is all ignored in following discussion.This moment, the electric current of secondary winding became I
PKS, then descend with the slope that is determined by following formula,
S
LS=（V
O+V
D）/L
S （4）
V wherein
OBe output voltage, V
DBe the conduction voltage drop of fly-wheel diode 40, V
DCan regard constant as, L
SBe output winding inductance value.
While V
FBVoltage rise to the positive a certain numerical value that is directly proportional to output voltage from negative level, as a rule, this moment V
FBNumeric ratio V
REF4Greatly, thus this moment, V
TONSMagnitude of voltage become high level from low level, the first switch member 110 cut-off, 108 conductings of second switch spare, V
CVVoltage begin to descend with the slope that is determined by formula (5), until the electric current on secondary inductance drops to 0, V
FBVoltage drop arrives than V
FRE4Till low.
S
C2=K*I/C
C （5）
This has just completed the switching manipulation of one-period, later V
CVVoltage waveform will repeat with S
C1Slope rise, and then with S
C2Slope descend, constantly repeat, produce the signal of set rest-set flip-flop, open main switch, then close this main switch by the second comparator 113.
After system stability, V
CVOn voltage at V
AWith V
BBetween constantly rise and descend.V wherein
CVDescending slope is S
C1, the rate of rise is S
C2, and be secondary inductance discharge time fall time
T
ONS=I
PKS/S
LS=I
PKS×L
S/(V
O+V
D） (6)
Can obtain V
CVRise time T
RFor
Obtain under stable state the switching frequency of switch power supply system
T=T
R+T
ONS=(1+K)×T
ONS=(1+K)×I
PKS×L
S/(V
O+V
D） (8)
Wherein K is the current ratio of current source 105 and current source 109 in Fig. 3.
From Fig. 6 secondary inductance current waveform I
SCan obtain exporting average current
I wherein
PKAnd I
PKSBe respectively the peak current of transformer primary side and secondary inductance, N
PAnd N
SBe respectively the number of turn of transformer primary side and secondary winding.Can be found out output current I by formula (9)
OOnly determined by system parameters, thereby realized the purpose of output constant current.
Under the constant voltage output mode, the voltage V of the FEEDBACK CONTROL end FB that states former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric in Fig. 3
FBVoltage greater than reference voltage V
REF1, sampling keeps the sampled signal V of module 102
HWill be greater than reference voltage V
REF1, when having electric current to flow to trsanscondutance amplifier, this electric current I o size determines by formula (2), but this moment reference voltage V
REF1＜V
HSo, I
OFor just, and keep the sampled signal V of module 102 along with sampling
HIncrease and increase.
As shown in Figure 5, have for ideal transformer
V wherein
SBe secondary winding both end voltage, V
DBe the conduction voltage drop of rectifier diode 40, can regard constant as.Can be seen output voltage V by following formula
OWith voltage V
FBBe directly proportional.
As output voltage increase, V
FBIncrease, in Fig. 3, sampling keeps the sampled signal V of module 102
HIncrease simultaneously.When increasing to, output voltage makes sampled signal V
HVoltage is greater than trsanscondutance amplifier 103 in-phase input end reference voltage V
REF1The time, trsanscondutance amplifier 103 beginnings are extracted electric current with the electric current that is determined by (2) formula from electric capacity 106.V
FBLarger, the electric current that extracts from electric capacity 106 is larger.
Suppose at a certain point of safes, the output current of trsanscondutance amplifier 103 is I
O1, the working method of this moment is in fact basic identical with the constant current output pattern of front surface analysis, is reduced to I-I from I just for now the electric current of electric capacity 106 chargings
O1, the discharging current of electric capacity 106 is increased to KI+I from KI
O1As shown in Figure 7, the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVVoltage waveform become at V
CWith V
DBetween rise and descend, rise, descending slope becomes respectively S
C3And S
C4
S
C3=(I-I
O1)/C
C （11）
S
C4=(KI+I
O1)/C
C （12）
The same with the constant current output pattern, under constant voltage mode, the output V of described triangular wave generating circuit 200
CVThe time that descends is T
ONS, namely equate with the secondary discharge time.This moment output V
CVRise time T
RCVFor
Under constant voltage mode, output voltage V
OVariation can ignore comparison, found out the secondary discharge time T by formula (6)
ONSConstant, and output V
CVVoltage rising time T
RCVAlong with I
O1Increase and increase, switching frequency reduces.So when output current reduces, output voltage rises, V
FBVoltage rises thereupon, the output current I of trsanscondutance amplifier
O1Increase, cause the system switching frequency to reduce, can find out from formula (1), the reducing of operating frequency causes exporting reducing of energy, suppressed the rising of output voltage, realized the adjusting to output voltage; Same, when the output current increase, output voltage descends, I
O1To reduce, improve operating frequency, increase the energy of output, suppress the decline of output voltage.As long as guarantee that loop gain is enough large, under constant voltage mode, output voltage does not change with output current.Under stable state, sampled signal V
HVoltage equal reference voltage V
REF1, output voltage
Use former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric of the present invention and switch power supply system, can effectively improve the stability of a system, reduce the peripheral system complexity, reduce the peripheral cell number, reduce the cost of product.In addition, constant voltage, the constant current of former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric realize that module reuse is more, reduce chip area, reduce production costs, and constant voltage, the transition gently of constant current output pattern simultaneously, the output voltage ripple of avoiding the conversion between pattern to introduce.
Although the present invention describes by specific embodiment, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that, without departing from the present invention, can also carry out various conversion and be equal to alternative the present invention.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to disclosed specific embodiment, and should comprise the whole execution modes that fall in claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, is characterized in that, comprising:
FB waveforms detection module (101), the former limit of first input end (FB) connection transformer of described FB waveforms detection module (101), the second input of described FB waveforms detection module (101) connects the 4th reference voltage (V
REF4),
Triangular wave generating circuit (200), the input of described triangular wave generating circuit (200) connect the output of described FB waveforms detection module (101) to receive feedback output voltage (V
TONS) and based on described feedback output voltage (V
TONS) the generation triangular wave;
The first comparator (111), the normal phase input end of described the first comparator (111) connects the output (V of described triangular wave generating circuit (200)
CV) to receive described triangular wave, the inverting input of described the first comparator (111) connects the second reference voltage (V
REF2);
Narrow-pulse generation circuit (112), the input of described narrow-pulse generation circuit (112) connects the output (V of described the first comparator (111)
PG) generate burst pulse with the output that receives described the first comparator (111) and based on the output of described the first comparator (111);
The second comparator (113), the normal phase input end of described the second comparator (113) connects the source electrode of main switch, and the inverting input of described the second comparator (113) connects the 3rd reference voltage (V
REF3);
Rest-set flip-flop (114), the S end of described rest-set flip-flop (114) connects the output (SET) of described narrow-pulse generation circuit (112) to receive described burst pulse, the R end of described rest-set flip-flop (114) connects the output (RST) of described the second comparator (113) to receive the output of described the second comparator (113), and the Q end output control signal of described rest-set flip-flop (114) is to control described main switch.
2. former limit according to claim 1 feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, is characterized in that, further comprises:
Constant current/constant voltage control module (300), the input of described constant current/constant voltage control module (300) is connected to the first input end (FB) of described FB waveforms detection module (101), and the output of described constant current/constant voltage control module (300) is connected to the output (V of described triangular wave generating circuit (200)
CV) constant with the output voltage of control transformer.
3. former limit according to claim 2 feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, it is characterized in that, described constant current/constant voltage control module (300) comprises sampling/maintenance module (102), spaning waveguide operational amplifier (103) and one-way conduction diode (104), wherein, the input of described sampling/maintenance module (102) connects the input of described constant current/constant voltage control module (300) with sampling and inhibit signal, and the inverting input of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier (103) connects the output of described sampling/maintenance module (102) to receive sampled signal (V
H), the normal phase input end of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier (103) receives the first reference voltage (V
REF1), the output of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier (103) connects the negative electrode of described one-way conduction diode (104), the output (V of the described triangular wave generating circuit of anodic bonding (200) of described one-way conduction diode (104)
CV).
4. former limit according to claim 2 feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, it is characterized in that, described constant current/constant voltage control module (300) comprises spaning waveguide operational amplifier (103), the first metal-oxide-semiconductor (201) and the second metal-oxide-semiconductor (202), wherein, the inverting input of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier (103) receives the first reference voltage (V
REF1), normal phase input end connects sampling/keep the output of module (102) to receive sampled signal (V
H), the output of described spaning waveguide operational amplifier (103) is connected to the drain electrode of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor (202), the drain electrode of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor (202) is connected to the grid of described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor (202) and the grid of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor (201), described the second metal-oxide-semiconductor (202) source electrode connects the source electrode of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor (201), and the drain electrode of described the first metal-oxide-semiconductor (201) connects the output (V of described triangular wave generating circuit (200)
CV).
5. former limit according to claim 1 feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, is characterized in that, further comprises:
Drive circuit (115), the Q that the input of described drive circuit (115) connects described rest-set flip-flop (114) holds to receive the output control signal, and the output of described drive circuit (115) connects the grid of main switch to control the switch of described main switch.
6. the described former limit of arbitrary claim feedback switch power-supply controller of electric according to claim 1-5, is characterized in that, described triangular wave generating circuit (200) comprising:
Inverter (107), the input of described inverter (107) connects the output of described FB waveforms detection module (101);
The first switch member (110), the control end of described the first switch member (110) is connected to the output of described inverter (107), the output of described the first switch member (110) is connected to the output of the first current source (109), the input termination power of described the first current source (109), the input of described the first switch member (110) connects the output (V of described triangular wave generating circuit (200)
CV);
Second switch spare (108), the control end of described second switch spare (108) is connected to the input of described inverter (107), the output of described second switch spare (108) connects the input of described the first switch member (110), the input of described second switch spare (108) connects the input of the second current source (105), the output head grounding of described the second current source (105);
Electric capacity (106), an end of described electric capacity (106) connects the output (V of described triangular wave generating circuit (200)
CV), other end ground connection.
7. former limit according to claim 6 feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, is characterized in that, described the first switch member (110) and described second switch spare (108) are switching tube.
8. switch power supply system, it is characterized in that, comprise transformer, be connected to the former limit first input end of described transformer and the bleeder circuit between the second input, main switch and output circuit, it is characterized in that, further comprise former limit as described in arbitrary claim in claim 1-5 feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, the power end (VCC) of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric connects the former limit first input end of described transformer, the FEEDBACK CONTROL end (FB) of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is connected to the dividing point of described bleeder circuit, the output (OUT) of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric connects the grid of described main switch, the control end (CS) of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is connected to the source electrode of described main switch.
9. switch power supply system, it is characterized in that, comprise transformer, be connected to the former limit first input end of described transformer and the bleeder circuit between the second input, main switch and output circuit, it is characterized in that, further comprise former limit as claimed in claim 6 feedback switch power-supply controller of electric, the power end (VCC) of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric connects the former limit first input end of described transformer, the FEEDBACK CONTROL end (FB) of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is connected to the dividing point of described bleeder circuit, the output (OUT) of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric connects the grid of described main switch, the control end (CS) of described former limit feedback switch power-supply controller of electric is connected to the source electrode of described main switch.
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Cited By (1)
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