CN102178096A - Grass carp brittle granulated feed and preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a grass carp brittle granulated feed and a preparation method. The feed is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 50 percent of broad beans, 5 to 30 percent of chicken meal, 5 to 15 percent of beer yeast, 1 to 15 percent of wet red worm, 5 to 10 percent of bean pulp, 5 to 20 percent of flour, 1 to 6 percent of soybean oil, 1 to 3 percent of betaine, 1 to 2 percent of vitamin mixture, and 2 to 4 percent of mineral element mixture. Regarding nutritional factors relating to grass carp flesh brittleness, the method selects feed raw materials which are easy to digest and have high utilization rate and strong attraction according to combining growing and physical digestion characteristics of the nutritional factors, reinforces vitamins, mineral elements and other trace nutritional elements, and can quickly embrittle flesh of grass carp, improve flesh flavor, increase the growing performance of the embrittling process, and improve the disease resistance and stress resistance. The invention overcomes the defects that the broad beans used for embrittling the grass carp have high cost, long period and complicated feed operation, the growing performance is reduced in the grass carp embrittling process, the water quality is easily polluted, and the like.

Description

Grass carp embrittlement pellet feed and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a fish feed, in particular to a grass carp embrittlement pellet feed and a preparation method thereof.

Technical Field

Grass carp is one of the main freshwater cultured fishes in China, has large-scale culture distribution in areas such as Guangdong, Hubei, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hunan, Henan, Shandong and Liaoning, has a culture production area of not less than 800 ten thousand mu all the year round and a production value of about 1000 hundred million, forms a complete industrial chain of parent breeding, fry culture and adult fish culture, and is completely dependent on domestic market consumption. However, as the culture area of grass carp is continuously enlarged, the price of grass carp is also continuously reduced, and the culture benefit and the culture risk are also continuously increased. Therefore, the invention can effectively improve the culture benefit of the grass carp and reduce the culture risk by improving the meat quality of the grass carp and improving the meat flavor.

At present, the cultivation of grass carp meat embrittlement mainly depends on broad bean feeding, the whole process is high in cost and long in period, the feeding operation is complicated, the growth performance of grass carp in the embrittlement process is obviously reduced, and the water quality is easily polluted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the grass carp embrittlement feed which is safe and healthy, comprehensive in nutrition, convenient to use, short in time, capable of reducing water pollution, improving growth performance and improving disease resistance and stress resistance of grass carps.

In order to achieve the purpose, the preparation scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

wherein,

the vitamin mixture is: (weight g/kg)

The mineral element mixture is: (weight g/kg)

The chemicals or medicines of the materials used are all feed grade.

The preparation method of the grass carp embrittlement pellet feed comprises the following steps:

step one, weighing chicken powder, beer yeast, bean pulp, flour and a mineral element mixture according to a preparation scheme of the invention, mixing for the first time, coarsely crushing (95% to pass through 30 meshes), ultrafine crushing (95% to pass through 80 meshes), mixing for the second time, modulating, puffing and granulating at 130 ℃, and drying at 80 ℃;

step two, weighing broad beans and wet red worms according to the preparation scheme of the invention, then homogenizing the broad beans and the wet red worms to 150 meshes by a colloid mill, and then emulsifying and homogenizing the mixture with the mixture of the betaine, the fish oil and the vitamins according to the proportion of the invention;

and step three, under the vacuum degree condition of 30KPa, spraying the emulsion obtained in the step two to the surface of the semi-finished product dried particles obtained in the step one in vacuum, and then carrying out boiling drying at 80 ℃, cooling, screening, weighing and packaging to obtain the finished product.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the related nutritional factors of the meat embrittlement of the grass carps, the invention combines the growth and physiological digestion characteristics of the grass carps, selects the feed raw materials which are easy to digest, high in absorption and utilization rate and strong in food calling performance, strengthens the trace nutrient elements such as flavoring agent, vitamins and mineral elements, can rapidly embrittle the meat quality of the grass carps, improves the meat quality and flavor, improves the growth performance in the embrittlement process, and improves the disease resistance and the stress resistance. The compound feed has reliable raw material source, stable and safe quality and simple and convenient feeding operation, and overcomes the defects of high cost, long period, complex feeding operation, reduction of growth performance in the grass carp embrittlement process, easy water quality pollution and the like of broad bean embrittlement grass carps.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the present invention is described in detail below:

example one

Vitamin mixtures (g/kg) were produced according to the following formulation

Weighing various vitamins according to the content in the formula, mixing uniformly, and sealing for later use.

A mineral element mixture (g/kg) was produced according to the following recipe

Weighing various mineral salts according to the content in the formula, drying, crushing, uniformly mixing, and sealing for later use.

The grass carp embrittlement pellet feed is produced according to the following formula (in percentage by weight):

the preparation method of the grass carp embrittlement pellet feed comprises the following steps:

step one, weighing chicken powder, beer yeast, bean pulp, flour and a mineral element mixture according to a preparation scheme of the invention, mixing for the first time, coarsely crushing (95% to pass through 30 meshes), ultrafine crushing (95% to pass through 80 meshes), mixing for the second time, modulating, puffing and granulating at 130 ℃, and drying at 80 ℃;

step two, weighing broad beans and wet red worms according to the preparation scheme of the invention, then homogenizing the broad beans and the wet red worms to 150 meshes by a colloid mill, and then emulsifying and homogenizing the mixture with the mixture of the betaine, the fish oil and the vitamins according to the proportion of the invention;

and step three, under the vacuum degree condition of 30KPa, spraying the emulsion obtained in the step two to the surface of the semi-finished product dried particles obtained in the step one in vacuum, and then carrying out boiling drying at 80 ℃, cooling, screening, weighing and packaging to obtain the finished product.

The feed grain size of the processing method is 5-6mm, and the feed is packaged in a light-proof plastic bag of 5 kg after being sealed and subpackaged, and then the feed is packaged in a woven feed bag of 20 kg per large bag and is stored at normal temperature.

The grass carp embrittlement pellet feed produced by the embodiment and broad beans are used for feeding grass carps, 55-day breeding tests prove that the grass carp embrittlement pellet feed meets the marketing requirement of meat embrittlement, the survival rate of the bred grass carps is 92%, the weight gain rate is 125%, and the total muscle flavor amino acid is 38.6g/100 g; the grass carp in the control group (fed with broad beans) can meet the marketing requirement of meat quality embrittlement only after being subjected to a 118-day culture test, the survival rate of the cultured grass carp is 82%, the weight gain rate is 56%, and the total amount of muscle flavor amino acids is 25.3g/100 g. And the water quality of the culture water body fed with the brittle granulated feed group is better than that of the broad bean.

The test result proves that: compared with broad beans, the grass carp embrittlement pellet feed can quickly embrittle the meat quality of grass carps, improve the meat quality flavor, improve the growth performance in an embrittlement process, enhance the disease resistance and stress resistance, and improve the culture water body environment.

Example two

The formula of the vitamin mixture and the mineral element mixture in the embodiment is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the feed formula comprises (by weight percent):

the formula and production method of the vitamin mixture and the mineral element mixture are the same as in the first embodiment.

EXAMPLE III

The formula of the grass carp embrittlement pellet feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

the other steps are the same as those of the embodiment.

The grass carp embrittlement pellet feed prepared in the second embodiment and the third embodiment is used for grass carp breeding, can also quickly embrittle the meat quality of grass carps, improves the meat quality and flavor, improves the growth performance in an embrittlement process, improves the disease resistance and stress resistance, and improves the breeding water body environment.

Claims (2)

1. A grass carp embrittlement pellet feed is characterized in that: the feed comprises the following components in percentage by weight:

wherein: the vitamin mixture is: (weight g/kg)

The mineral element mixture is: (weight g/kg)

2. A preparation method of grass carp embrittlement pellet feed is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step one, weighing chicken powder, beer yeast, bean pulp, flour and a mineral element mixture according to a preparation scheme of the invention, mixing for the first time, coarsely crushing (95% to pass through 30 meshes), ultrafine crushing (95% to pass through 80 meshes), mixing for the second time, modulating, puffing and granulating at 130 ℃, and drying at 80 ℃;

step two, weighing broad beans and wet red worms according to the preparation scheme of the invention, then homogenizing the broad beans and the wet red worms to 150 meshes by a colloid mill, and then emulsifying and homogenizing the mixture with the mixture of the betaine, the fish oil and the vitamins according to the proportion of the invention;

and step three, under the vacuum degree condition of 30KPa, spraying the emulsion obtained in the step two to the surface of the semi-finished product dried particles obtained in the step one in vacuum, and then carrying out boiling drying at 80 ℃, cooling, screening, weighing and packaging to obtain the finished product.