CN102168852A - Method and device for reducing emission limits of nitrogen oxides in waste incineration flue gas - Google Patents
Method and device for reducing emission limits of nitrogen oxides in waste incineration flue gas Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a device for reducing emission limits of nitrogen oxides in waste incineration flue gas. In the method, processes of a waste incineration processing device, an optimizing air supply device, an exhaust-heat boiler device, a selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) device, a tail gas processing device and the like are integrated into a whole; by combining clean flue gas serving as secondary air supply and the SNCR device, the situation that the nitrogen oxides in the discharge of tail gas generated after wastes are processed by national waste incineration equipment is not removed effectively in low cost can be changed, and the removal ratio of the nitrogen oxides can be improved; and the removal rate of the nitrogen oxides after the device is optimized is more than 70 percent, so that the concentration of the tail gas discharged finally is lower than 150 mg/Nm<3> specified in the European Union standard 2000. Simultaneously, the optimizing device requires less increment investment and low running cost and is suitable to be applied and popularized in waste incineration equipment at home and abroad, and a denitration device is small in newly increased floor space.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of method and device that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning, belongs to environmental technology field.
Background technology
Nitrogen oxide (NO
x) kind a lot, mainly comprise nitric oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N
2O), nitrogen dioxide (NO
2), dinitrogen tetroxide (N
2O
4), dinitrogen pentoxide (N
2O
5) etc., cause the main finger NO and the NO of atmosphere pollution
2, it is generally acknowledged NO
xMiddle NO accounts for 95%, NO
2Account for 5%.NO in the atmosphere
xThe source mainly contain two aspects:
(1) natural source
The annual NO that generates of natural source
xAbout 5 * 10
8Ton, high aerial lightning can make nitrogen and oxygen chemical combination generate NO
x, other natural sources also have: stratospheric injection, NH
3Oxidation, the burning of living beings and the release of soil etc.
(2) artificial source
1 year NO of artificial source to airborne release
xBe about 5.21 * 10
7Ton.The NO of mankind's activity discharging
xMainly from the combustion process of various fuel, wherein Industrial Stoves and motor vehicle emission are maximum.In addition, the production of nitric acid or use, nitrogen fertilizer plant, organic intermediate factory, some production process coloured and ferrous metal smelting factory also have NO
xGeneration.
NOx is very big to health effects.
The binding ability of NO and hemoglobin (Hb) is bigger more than hundred times than CO, and NO is also not fully aware of to people's physiological effect.To the higher concentration NO evidence of animal, NO can generate hemiglobin [MetHb] and nitric oxide hemoglobin (NOHb) with after hemoglobin combines.NO
2Be to the irritant gas of respiratory apparatus, more commonly by acute higher concentration NO
2The pulmonary edema of poisoning and causing, and chronic bronchitis that causes by slow poisoning and pulmonary edema.NO
2Suspended particulates invade lung easily, deposition is very high, can cause respiratory tract and pulmonary lesion, symptoms such as tracheitis, pulmonary emphysema and lung cancer occur.
NOx is also very big to the pollution of environment.
(1) can cause acid rain
After the NO that high-temp combustion generates entered atmosphere, major part was converted into NO
2, meet water and generate HNO
3And HNO
2, the HNO of formation
3And HNO
2Arrive ground with rainfall under certain conditions, cause soil, lake, river acidifying, soil depletionization, building building stones and Corrosion of Metallic Materials, harm such as the damage of crops.
(2) can cause greenhouse effects
The burning of the activity of nature microorganism, the use of chemical fertilizer, trees, undesirable root and the mineral combustion of crops, and the N of stratosphere supersonic plane flight generation
2O is a kind of main greenhouse gases.N
2The greenhouse ability of O is CO
2100 times, the long-wave radiation that the absorption ground that it can be strong emits causes the aggravation of greenhouse effects, thereby weather, ecological environment and human health are brought harmful effect.
(3) can damage ozone layer
O in the ozone layer
3Be a kind of filter of solar ultraviolet radiation, the ultra-violet radiation of energy strong absorption wavelength 220～330nm prevents that these ultraviolet rays from arriving earth surface, in order to avoid the thing of looking unfamiliar over the ground damages.And NO can damage the ozone layer.
(4) bring photochemical fog
The primary pollution source of photochemical fog is NO
x, by the NO that high-temp combustion produces, a part is converted into NO in air
2, excite NO from the photon (about wavelength 310nm) of the sun
2, produce photochemical reaction.Photochemical fog can stimulate organs such as eyes, nose, tracheae and lung, takes place furiously to shed tears, pants, symptom such as cough.
At present, the increase of nitrogen oxide emission mainly contains three reasons: the one, and along with the development of traffic, the NOx of motor vehicle exhaust emission increases sharply; The 2nd, relative not deep enough in the process of coal combustion and other fuel to the research of NOx control; The 3rd, China does not make strict regulation as yet or stipulates too loosely the discharging of NOx, and causing relevant device to need not to be provided with separately denitrification apparatus can be up to standard.
And in the basic framework of environmental protection " 12 " planning system, determined 4 objects of planning and 7 restrictive indexs of " 12 " planning systems.Wherein, being provided with of restrictive index, " 12 " have increased two New Sets of nitrogen oxide and ammonia nitrogen newly on five indices the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period.According to this framework, by 2015, the ammonia nitrogen total emission volumn was drafted than 2010 and is reduced 10%, and is defined in outside the point source, and face source emission amount also will reduce to some extent; Key industry and key area discharged nitrous oxides total amount are drafted than 2010 and are reduced 10%, and national nitrogen oxide growth trend is curbed." domestic rubbish disposal technical manual " regulation that relevant ministries and commissions such as Chinese Ministry of Environmental Protection in 2010 print and distribute: should pay the utmost attention to burning control by incineration process of domestic garbage, suppress the generation of nitrogen oxide, and the denitrifying oxide device should be set or reserve this device installation site, therefore taking measures to reduce nitrogen oxide emission has been trend of the times.
Along with the rapid raising of rapid development of economy and living standards of the people, the urbanization process of China is constantly accelerated, and house refuse output sharply increases.The fundamental characteristics of domestic waste: the generation of domestic waste and accumulating amount are all increasing year by year; Organic matter, combustible, the recyclable thing that utilizes increased during rubbish constituted, but value increases.The rubbish of domestic waste output that increases and constantly variation constitutes the harm that will increase the weight of the urban life environment fast.
Domestic garbage burning electricity generation is the main flow means that solve " house refuse besieged city ", can realize the minimizing of house refuse, innoxious and resource again by optimal design, strict control and management.In countries such as Singapore, Japan, Europe, Taiwan a large amount of application achievements is arranged, and states such as picture Denmark, Sweden and Japan surpass 70% especially by the house refuse amount of burning final disposal.The purpose of burning is to destroy refuse as far as possible by fire, and the material that is burned becomes harmless and subtracts appearance to greatest extent, and reduces new polluter generation as far as possible, avoids causing secondary pollution.For large and medium-sized waste incineration plant, can realize making the refuse decrement simultaneously, thoroughly destroy toxicant in the refuse by fire, and recycle and burn these three purposes of used heat that produce.Be used as one of main method of treatment of urban garbage at present at industrially developed country's burning method, be used widely, China is also in the speed of accelerating developmental research, to advance the comprehensive utilization of municipal refuse.
Can produce a certain amount of nitrogen oxide during consumer waste incineration, during incineration firing, generate NO
xApproach have two kinds: the one, at high temperature (〉=850 ℃) airborne nitrogen is oxidized, generates heating power type NO
x, temperature is high more, the concentration of oxygen is big more, NO
xGrowing amount big more; The 2nd, various nitrogen compounds, pyridine (C in the fuel
5H
5N), croak pyridine (C
5H
11N) and chain in the coal and cyclic nitrogen compound etc., be decomposed and generate fuel type NO
x
Control NO
xThe technical measures of discharging can be divided into two big classes: the one, and the control of so-called source is characterized in that by various technological means, NO in the control combustion process
xReaction of formation; Another kind of is so-called afterbody control, it is characterized in that the NO that has generated
xBe reduced to N by certain means
2Thereby, reduce NO
xDischarge capacity.The source control technology has low NOx combusting technology, two-stage combustion technology, air classification combustion technology etc.Source control often is difficult to reach discharge standard, so suitable flue-gas denitrification technology is promptly taked in afterbody control, is significant with the discharge capacity that reduces NOx.
Present flue-gas denitrification technology mainly contains selective catalytic reduction, SNCR method, charcoal reduction method, catalytic decomposition method etc., below will introduce respectively:
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) process is made reducing agent with ammonia, alkane or CO usually, and wherein ammonia is with the most use.Reducing agent injects in the upstream of air preheater usually and contains NO
xFlue gas.Is example with ammonia as reducing agent, and NOx is reduced to N in containing the reactor of catalyst
2And water, the activity of such catalysts material is made up of noble metal, alkaline metal oxide, raw material of wood-charcoal material etc. usually.
The shortcoming of using the SCR reaction is the fly ash content height in the flue gas of refuse burning, and is higher to the anti-wear and anticlogging performance requirement of catalyst.SCR is arranged in after the half-dried extracting tower, before the chimney, in order to satisfy the requirement of catalyst activity to reaction temperature, need to install steam heater and flue gas heat exchange device (GGH), therefore device is complicated, investment increases considerably, and whole in addition device is had relatively high expectations to operation management personnel's quality level, also can increase extra maintenance cost and maintenance time.
In SNCR method (SNCR) denitrification process, urea or amino-compound are reduced to N as reducing agent with NOx
2Because of reaction usually occurs in (850-1100 ℃) under the higher reaction temperature, can produce a very high activation energy, thereby needn't use catalyst.
The formula of reaction is: NOx+NH
3→ N
2+ H
2O, N
2And H
2O discharges as innocuous gas.
The charcoal reduction method method utilizes charcoal for the NOx in the reducing agent reduction waste gas, with NH
3Selective catalytic reduction is compared, and the charcoal price comparison is cheap, and it is very wide to originate, and does not also have the problem of catalyst poisoning.O in source of the gas
2When content is higher, though the charcoal consumption is very big, O
2And NO
xWith the reaction of charcoal all be exothermic reaction, it is basic identical to consume quantitative charcoal institute's liberated heat and ordinary combustion process, so this part heat of reaction can be recycled.
Dynamics research shows, O
2With the reaction of charcoal reaction, so O in the tail gas prior to NO and charcoal
2Existence the charcoal consumption is increased.Many people attempt to control O
2With the reaction of charcoal, or change NO and O with catalyst
2With the reactivity order of charcoal, but do not achieve satisfactory results so far.
Other flue-gas denitrification technology also comprise catalytic decomposition method, liquid absorption method, plasma-activated method etc.
Stepping up to build the waste incineration project owing to China is current, will in atmosphere, discharge nitrogen oxide energetically if do not take measures, bring serious pollution to atmosphere, bring destruction for the project surrounding enviroment, finally be unfavorable for innoxious, minimizing, the disposal of resources of domestic waste.Therefore need that exploitation is a kind of to be fit to the processing method of nitrogen oxide low emission that domestic rubbish divides the economical rationality of characteristics such as moisture content is big in incineration flue gas complicated component, the flue gas, flue-gas temperature is lower badly, to reach society, environment, the unified final goal of economic benefit three.
Summary of the invention
At the weak point in the conventional art, invent a kind of method and device that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning,
Discharged nitrous oxides limit value device in a kind of reduction flue gas of refuse burning comprises waste incineration treatment apparatus, optimization air supply device, waste heat boiler device, SNCR (SNCR method) device, exhaust gas processing device.
Waste incineration treatment apparatus mainly comprises garbage feeding bucket, grate incinerator, hydraulic means, auxiliary burner, inlet scoop and combustion control device;
The garbage feeding bucket is connected with incinerator, the bottom of incinerator is equipped with the inlet scoop of cone-shaped, the top of wind scoop is fire grate segment, and fire grate segment is by driving by the hydraulic means that oil pipe is connected with it, and the stroke and the intake of fire grate are controlled by combustion control device; The tail end of grate furnace is equipped with auxiliary burner;
Optimize the control device that air supply device mainly comprises primary air fan, overfire air fan, airduct, heat exchanger and air supply device;
The control device of air supply device is connected with motor with the valve of airduct, with the wind supply quantity and the pressure of control primary air fan, overfire air fan.
The waste heat boiler device comprises the control device of water-cooling wall, drum, down-comer, deashing device and waste heat boiler;
The control device of waste heat boiler is connected with each pipeline valve of waste heat boiler, can control the parameter of steam (vapor) outlet.
SNCR (SNCR method) device comprises the control device of urea water storage tank, high-pressure hydraulic pump, fresh water (FW) storage tank, atomising device and SNCR device;
The urea water storage tank links to each other with atomising device by high-pressure hydraulic pump, and the fresh water (FW) storage tank links to each other with atomising device by high-pressure hydraulic pump, and the control device of SNCR device links to each other with the valve of urea water pipeline with the fresh water (FW) pipeline;
Exhaust gas processing device comprises the control device of half-dried extracting tower, lime storage tank, the sub-device of lime slurrying, fresh water (FW) water pot, activated carbon eductor, rotary atomizing head, lime slurry pump, sack cleaner and exhaust gas processing device;
The lime storage tank links to each other with the sub-device of lime slurrying by pipeline, and half-dried extracting tower links to each other with sack cleaner by flue, and flue links to each other with activated carbon eductor; The control device of exhaust gas processing device links to each other with lime white conveyance conduit and fresh water (FW) pipeline;
Waste incineration treatment apparatus links to each other with waste heat boiler by expansion joint, the waste heat boiler top connects drum, the bottom of waste heat boiler one passage is connected with the SNCR device, the rear portion of waste heat boiler links to each other with exhaust gas processing device, overfire air fan connects incinerating and treating device, and the exhaust gas processing device rear portion connects air-introduced machine by flue.
A kind of method that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning, its feature comprise that mainly step is as follows:
(1) rubbish enters in the incinerator by feed arrangement, and the perseveration by fire grate in stove comes rubbish is carried out sufficient drying, burns and burn reaction, can reach more than 850 ℃ in the temperature of burning zone;
(2) oxygen supply of material burning is from primary air fan in the incinerator, and the wind regime of an air feed is the gas in the rubbish storage hole, and the stench in this gas is removed by furnace high-temperature;
(3) incinerator material gas fume after burning enters the waste heat boiler step, connecting portion waste heat boiler end bottom at both is provided with secondary air feed mouth, the wind regime of secondary air feed is from the rear end of a whole set of incinerator, be after the air-introduced machine, ducted flue gas before the chimney, reduce the oxygen content in the incineration flue gas, thereby reduced the growing amount of nitrogen oxide;
(4),, the injection inlet of SNCR device is set near secondary air feed mouth in the waste heat boiler bottom; As reducing agent, boiler is injected in the atomizing back with urea water; When flue-gas temperature is higher than 850 ℃, when being lower than 1100 ℃, urea water optionally is reduced to N to the NOx in the flue gas as amino reductive under the effect of catalyst-free
2And H
2O removes a part of nitrogen oxide by reaction;
(5) semidry method deacidification+charcoal absorption+bag-type dust step: calcium hydroxide mixes with water, forms the lime white of 12% concentration; Lime white is transported to the atomizer that is installed in the reaction tower top by lime slurry pump; Be atomized at reaction tower sodalime slurry, the lime white after the atomizing in reaction tower and flue and sack cleaner with flue gas in contained harmful substance carry out neutralization reaction; Spray into the charcoal absorption heavy metal in the flue behind tower with bioxin, utilize sack cleaner to remove flying dust in the flue gas; The suction of the flue gas process air-introduced machine after the sack cleaner, final top discharge at chimney.
The present invention possesses following outstanding advantage:
1) this method can not cause big influence to the garbage combustion device of original maturation, remove NOx and further promoted the innoxious of garbage disposal, and can ignore the resource of garbage disposal, the influence of minimizing.
2) this method is utilized the wind regime of 160 ℃ clean flue gas after the purified treatment as the secondary air feed, help promoting the utilization of heat energy, because the oxygen content of wind regime is lower than 12%, therefore can reduce the oxygen content in the incinerator, can reduce by the growing amount of 20% left and right sides NOx.
3) incinerator flue-gas temperature in waste heat boiler one passage is not less than 850 ℃, and the urea water injection inlet of SNCR device is set under this temperature, and urea water can optionally be reduced to N to the NOx in the flue gas as amino reductive under the effect of catalyst-free
2And H
2O, NOx is by after reacting, and clearance is 50%.
4) using urea water technology is nontoxic, harmless chemicals, and this device uses liquid state rather than gaseous reactant, can more effectively control the distribution of spray pattern and chemical agent and guarantee good mixing, and chemical agent can access preferably and utilize.
5) can't satisfy under the situation of strict NOx discharge standard at independent secondary cycle flue gas air feed and SNCR device, the advantage that whole piece is optimized device manifests, associating secondary air feed reduces growing amount and the SNCR device reaction of NOx and removes NOx, thereby makes the concentration in the final discharging tail gas be lower than the 150mg/Nm that stipulates in European Union's 2000 standards
3
6) the increment small investment of this method, operating cost is low, and floor space is little, and good application and promotional value are at home and abroad arranged in the garbage incinerating system.This optimization device also is applicable to the transformation of the garbage burning factory that has put into operation.
7) combine with the SNCR device as the secondary air feed by flue gas cleaning, can change after the domestic garbage incinerating system disposal of refuse that nitrogen oxide does not obtain the low-cost situation of effectively removing in the exhaust emissions, and increased the removal ratio, the clearance of nitrogen oxide is reached more than 70%, thereby make the concentration in the final discharging tail gas be lower than the 150mg/Nm that stipulates in European Union's 2000 standards
3, being somebody's turn to do the increment small investment of optimizing device simultaneously, operating cost is low, is adapted at using in the domestic and international garbage incinerating system and promoting.
8) this method has merged waste incineration treatment apparatus, has optimized air supply device, technologies such as waste heat boiler device, SNCR (SNCR method) device, exhaust gas processing device are one.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that denitrification apparatus is optimized in waste incineration,
Among the figure: wind inlet 1, garbage feeding bucket 2, urea water storage tank 3, demineralized water storage tank 4, waste heat boiler 5, drum 6, economizer 7, half-dried extracting tower 8, industry water water pot 9, active carbon storage tank 10, lime white storage tank 11, sack cleaner 12, air-introduced machine, 3, chimney 14, overfire air fan 15, grate incinerator 16, air intake wind scoop 17, primary air fan 18.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1,
Discharged nitrous oxides limit value device in a kind of reduction flue gas of refuse burning comprises waste incineration treatment apparatus, optimization air supply device, waste heat boiler device, SNCR (SNCR method) device, exhaust gas processing device.
Waste incineration treatment apparatus comprises garbage feeding bucket, incinerator, combustion control device, fire grate, hydraulic means, auxiliary burner, inlet scoop;
The garbage feeding bucket is connected with incinerator, the bottom of incinerator is equipped with the inlet scoop of cone-shaped, wind scoop top is fire grate segment, fire grate can move back and forth so that rubbish is carried out material toggling, drying, burns, burns, fire grate drives by hydraulic means, and the stroke of fire grate is controlled by combustion control device; The tail end of grate furnace is equipped with auxiliary burner, and when the incinerator temperature is lower than 850 ℃, auxiliary burner will spray into fuel oil and help the incinerator burning.
Optimize the control device that air supply device comprises primary air fan, overfire air fan, airduct, heat exchanger and air supply device;
Optimizing air supply device can outsourcing, all can provide relevant device as Beijing Air-blower Factory No.2, Shangyu blower fan factory.
The waste heat boiler device comprises the control device of water-cooling wall, drum, down-comer, deashing device and waste heat boiler;
The waste heat boiler device can obtain in outsourcing, and domestic Hangzhou Boiler Factory, boiler factory, Beijing all can provide relevant device.
SNCR (SNCR method) device comprises the control device of urea water storage tank, high-pressure hydraulic pump, fresh water (FW) storage tank, atomising device and SNCR device;
The urea water storage tank links to each other with atomising device by high-pressure hydraulic pump, the fresh water (FW) storage tank links to each other with atomising device by high-pressure hydraulic pump, two kinds of liquid is concentrated at atomising device and is sprayed into waste heat boiler after atomizing, and the control device of SNCR device links to each other with the valve of urea water pipeline and fresh water (FW) pipeline can control the dosage of medicament.
Exhaust gas processing device comprises the control device of half-dried extracting tower, lime storage tank, the sub-device of lime slurrying, fresh water (FW) water pot, activated carbon eductor, rotary atomizing head, lime slurry pump, sack cleaner and exhaust gas processing device;
The lime storage tank links to each other with the sub-device of lime slurrying by pipeline, entering rotary atomizing head by the lime slurry pump lifting after the sub-device of lime slurrying is made lime white atomizes, the fresh water (FW) water pot also is connected with rotary atomizing head by water pump and atomizes, all finally spray into half-dried extracting tower after water and the lime white atomizing, half-dried extracting tower links to each other with sack cleaner by flue, flue links to each other with activated carbon eductor, the control device of exhaust gas processing device links to each other with lime white conveyance conduit and fresh water (FW) pipeline, with the dosage of control depickling medicament.
Waste incineration treatment apparatus links to each other with waste heat boiler by expansion joint, the waste heat boiler top is provided with drum, the bottom of waste heat boiler one passage is provided with the SNCR device, the rear portion of waste heat boiler links to each other with exhaust gas processing device, behind the tail gas process flue tail gas treating apparatus, become cleaning flue gases, part cleaning tail gas enters incinerating and treating device by the overfire air fan suction, and remaining cleaning flue gases is by air-introduced machine and finally from the chimney qualified discharge.
One time wind inlet 1 connects primary air fan 18 by the air channel, primary air fan 18 connects air intake wind scoop 17 by the air channel, air intake wind scoop 17 connects grate incinerator 16, and grate incinerator 16 connects waste heat boiler 5, and grate incinerator 16 connects garbage feeding bucket 2, urea water storage tank 3 and demineralized water storage tank 4; Waste heat boiler 5 connects economizer 7 and drum 6,
Half-dried extracting tower 8 connects industry water water pot 9 and lime white storage tank 11, half-dried extracting tower 8 connects active carbon storage tank 10 by pipeline, half-dried extracting tower 8 connects sack cleaner 12 by pipeline, sack cleaner 12 connects air-introduced machine 13 by pipeline, air-introduced machine 13 connects chimney 14 by pipeline, and overfire air fan 15 connects grate incinerator 16.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of method that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning, carry out according to the following steps:
Embodiment 3:
A kind of method that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning comprises that mainly step is as follows:
(1) rubbish enters smoothly by feed arrangement in the incinerator, and the perseveration by fire grate in stove comes rubbish is carried out sufficient drying, burns and burn reaction, reaches more than 850 ℃ in the temperature of burning zone;
(2) oxygen supply of material burning is from primary air fan in the incinerator, and the wind regime of an air feed is the gas in the rubbish storage hole, and the stench in this gas is removed by furnace high-temperature;
(3) incinerator material gas fume after burning enters waste heat boiler, the top of connecting portion at both is provided with secondary air feed mouth, the wind regime of secondary air feed is from the rear end of a whole set of incinerator, be after the air-introduced machine, ducted flue gas before the chimney, this is provided with the oxygen content that can reduce in the flue gas, thereby has reduced the growing amount of nitrogen oxide;
(4),, the injection inlet of SNCR device is set near secondary air feed mouth in the waste heat boiler bottom.The principle of SNCR device be with urea water as reducing agent, boiler is injected in atomizing back.In certain temperature range, urea water can optionally be reduced to N to the NOx in the flue gas as amino reductive under the effect of catalyst-free
2And H
2O, so be a kind of selective chemical process, this is provided with and can removes a part of nitrogen oxide by reaction;
(5) technology of exhaust gas processing device is semidry method deacidification+charcoal absorption+bag-type dust, and calcium hydroxide mixes with water, forms the lime white of 12% concentration.Lime white is transported to the atomizer that is installed in the reaction tower top by lime slurry pump.Be atomized at reaction tower sodalime slurry, the lime white after the atomizing in reaction tower and flue and sack cleaner with flue gas in contained harmful substance carry out neutralization reaction.Spray into the charcoal absorption heavy metal in the flue behind tower with bioxin, utilize sack cleaner to remove flying dust in the flue gas.The suction of the flue gas process air-introduced machine after the sack cleaner, final top discharge at chimney.
Although above the specific embodiment of the present invention is described, but this only is exemplary, those skilled in the art can figure out: in specification institute restricted portion, multiple other embodiment can also be arranged, and all based on the embodiment of design philosophy of the present invention all within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. method that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning, its feature comprises that step is as follows:
(1) rubbish enters smoothly by feed arrangement in the incinerator, and the perseveration by fire grate in stove comes rubbish is carried out sufficient drying, burns and burn reaction, reaches more than 850 ℃ in the temperature of burning zone;
(2) oxygen supply of material burning is from primary air fan in the incinerator, and the wind regime of an air feed is the gas in the rubbish storage hole, and the stench in this gas is removed by furnace high-temperature;
(3) incinerator material gas fume after burning enters the waste heat boiler step, the bottom of waste heat boiler end of connecting portion at both is provided with secondary air feed mouth, the wind regime of secondary air feed is from the rear end of a whole set of incinerator, be after the air-introduced machine, ducted flue gas before the chimney, reduce the oxygen content in the incineration flue gas, thereby reduced the growing amount of nitrogen oxide;
(4),, the injection inlet of SNCR device is set near secondary air feed mouth in the waste heat boiler bottom; As reducing agent, boiler is injected in the atomizing back with urea water; Urea water optionally is reduced to N to the NOx in the flue gas as amino reductive under the effect of catalyst-free
2And H
2O removes a part of nitrogen oxide by reaction;
(5) semidry method deacidification+charcoal absorption+bag-type dust step: calcium hydroxide mixes with water, forms the lime white of 12% concentration; Lime white is transported to the atomizer that is installed in the reaction tower top by lime slurry pump; Be atomized at reaction tower sodalime slurry, the lime white after the atomizing in reaction tower and flue and sack cleaner with flue gas in contained harmful substance carry out neutralization reaction; Spray into the charcoal absorption heavy metal in the flue behind tower with bioxin, utilize sack cleaner to remove flying dust in the flue gas; The suction of the flue gas process air-introduced machine after the sack cleaner, final top discharge at chimney.
2. a kind of method that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the secondary wind of waste incineration is the high-temperature cleaning flue gas through purified treatment, and following the exhaust gas volumn of changing again is 1/10th of total flue gas.
3. a kind of method that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning according to claim 1, it is characterized in that before the waste heat boiler step, atomization steps being arranged, use urea water as amino reductive, and spraying into demineralized water after the atomizing, the urea water after the atomizing optionally is reduced to N to the NOx in the flue gas as amino reductive under the effect of catalyst-free
2Atomization steps is carried out in the SNCR device.
4. a kind of method that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning according to claim 1 is characterized in that the removal of other pollutants in the flue gas is carried out purified treatment by semidry method deacidification+charcoal absorption+cloth bag dedusting process step.
5. a kind of method that reduces discharged nitrous oxides limit value in the flue gas of refuse burning according to claim 3, it is characterized in that using liquid state rather than gaseous reactant in atomization steps, can more effectively control the distribution of spray pattern and chemical agent and guarantee good mixing, chemical agent can access preferably and utilize.
6. one kind is reduced discharged nitrous oxides limit value device in the flue gas of refuse burning, it is characterized in that: comprise waste incineration treatment apparatus, optimize air supply device, waste heat boiler device, SNCR device, exhaust gas processing device;
Waste incineration treatment apparatus comprises garbage feeding bucket, grate incinerator, hydraulic means, auxiliary burner, inlet scoop and combustion control device;
Optimize the control device that air supply device comprises primary air fan, overfire air fan, airduct, heat exchanger and air supply device;
The waste heat boiler device comprises the control device of water-cooling wall, drum, down-comer, deashing device and waste heat boiler;
The control device that comprises urea water storage tank, high-pressure hydraulic pump, fresh water (FW) storage tank, atomising device and SNCR device;
Exhaust gas processing device comprises the control device of half-dried extracting tower, lime storage tank, the sub-device of lime slurrying, fresh water (FW) water pot, activated carbon eductor, rotary atomizing head, lime slurry pump, sack cleaner and exhaust gas processing device;
Waste incineration treatment apparatus links to each other with waste heat boiler by expansion joint, the waste heat boiler top connects drum, the bottom of waste heat boiler one passage is connected with the SNCR device, the rear portion of waste heat boiler links to each other with exhaust gas processing device, overfire air fan connects incinerating and treating device by pipeline, and the flue at exhaust gas processing device rear portion connects air-introduced machine.
7. discharged nitrous oxides limit value device in a kind of reduction flue gas of refuse burning according to claim 6, it is characterized in that primary air fan connects the air intake wind scoop by the air channel, the air intake wind scoop connects grate incinerator, grate incinerator connects the waste heat boiler device, and grate incinerator connects garbage feeding bucket, urea water storage tank and demineralized water storage tank; Waste heat boiler connects economizer and drum.
8. discharged nitrous oxides limit value device in a kind of reduction flue gas of refuse burning according to claim 6, it is characterized in that half-dried extracting tower connects industry water water pot and lime white storage tank, lime in the lime storage tank links to each other with the lime white storage tank by pipeline, the lime white storage tank stirs configuration with water and lime according to the ratio of 12% concentration, the lime white storage tank links to each other with half-dried extracting tower by pipeline, half-dried extracting tower connects the active carbon storage tank by pipeline, half-dried extracting tower connects sack cleaner by pipeline, sack cleaner connects air-introduced machine by pipeline, air-introduced machine connects chimney by pipeline, and overfire air fan connects grate incinerator.
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