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CN102137905B - 电池标签及电池 - Google Patents

电池标签及电池 Download PDF

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CN102137905B
CN102137905B CN2009801241286A CN200980124128A CN102137905B CN 102137905 B CN102137905 B CN 102137905B CN 2009801241286 A CN2009801241286 A CN 2009801241286A CN 200980124128 A CN200980124128 A CN 200980124128A CN 102137905 B CN102137905 B CN 102137905B
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N·米切尔
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UPM Raflatac Oy
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Abstract

本发明涉及电池标签(2)，包含具有正面和背面的经取向的表面膜(5)和在该表面膜(5)背面的粘结层(6)。该表面膜(5)为共挤出的多层膜，包括至少一个含有含苯乙烯聚合物的层。本发明还涉及包括主体(1)和卷绕该主体(1)的电池标签(2)的电池。

Description

电池标签及电池
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电池标签和包含主体和电池标签的电池(battery)。
背景技术
单轴取向的刚性聚氯乙烯(PVC)膜非常适用于生产压敏电池标签。然而，由于PVC的本性，这些膜被认为是对环境有害的，因为存在与处理PVC膜相关的问题。因此，期望获得取代性的材料。
公开WO2004/072930披露了一种可收缩电池标签，包括聚合物基膜和用于将标签结构粘合到电池基体的第一压敏粘结剂。该聚合物基膜优选是聚苯乙烯膜，并且其厚度在0.01至0.05mm之间。在所述基膜上覆盖有透明聚合物顶膜。该顶膜通过透明的第二粘结剂粘结在所述基膜上。
在标签的制备中与纯聚苯乙烯膜相关的问题是所述膜易于撕裂，因此在电池标签的制备过程中在分配和分切中发生问题。所述聚苯乙烯膜还容易破裂，尤其是在加工方向，从而导致模切和基质剥离操作十分困难。
与该具体应用相关的一个问题是电池标签典型地是喷镀金属的或是白色的。在喷镀金属的膜的情况下，滑爽添加剂可能破坏喷镀金属的层。在白色膜的情况下，含有二氧化钛和分散剂的白色母料与膜材料混合，因此膜的性质可能改变。由于上述事实，单层表面膜可能不是最佳选择。
发明内容
电池标签是卷绕(wrapped around)电池主体并通过粘结剂附着在主体上的标签，该粘结剂通常是压敏粘结剂。所述标签设置为以标签边缘在电池主体纵向方向轻微重叠的方式环绕主体，即重叠部分形成接缝。所述标签还长于主体以使得标签在主体纵向方向上延伸超过电池边缘(唇部(lips))。在电池标签卷绕主体后，热处理标签末端，使标签材料收缩并弯曲覆盖在主体边缘上。在实践中，在电池不同边缘处使用的热处理温度可彼此不同。
所述电池标签包括具有正面和背面的表面膜和在该表面膜背面的粘结层。所述表面膜为共成型的(conformed)多层膜，即其例如通过共挤出技术之一形成，其中该膜的所有层由熔融塑料材料同时形成。所述表面膜是经取向的但未定形(set)，即表面膜在特定温度范围内能显著收缩。所述表面膜可以是单轴取向的，但所述表面膜也可以是双轴取向的。在所述膜双轴取向的情况下，在第一方向(通常为加工方向)的拉伸可以是较高的，并且在第二方向(通常为横向方向)的拉伸比可以是较低的。
能被用于电池标签方面的膜典型地是厚度低于70μm，优选低于60μm的膜。如果标签太厚和太硬，标签将卷曲且接缝将打开。这既不雅观，技术上也不可接受。
所述表面膜可以是直接印刷的，或者可以将预印刷的膜层压在标签的表面膜上。所述标签的表面膜可以是有色的，通常为白色的或是喷镀金属的(metallized)。当所述表面膜为白色膜时，其通过混合含有二氧化钛和分散剂的白色母料与基础膜材料制备，相比于未着色的膜，膜性质可能改变。
膜的金属喷镀可以通过真空金属喷镀工艺制备。因此，意在金属喷镀的表面膜应该不含某些可能破坏金属喷镀的滑爽添加剂。因而，由于金属喷镀和白色膜，制备工艺是具有挑战性的。可能的是，必须调整表面膜的性能使得其关于收缩性能恰当地发挥作用。例如，可以省略某些滑爽添加剂，或者含苯乙烯聚合物的量可以依据所需收缩性能减少或增加。
牢记上述限制的同时，还存在关于电池标签耐热性的某些要求。所述标签应该经受得住储存稳定性试验，其规定标签能在71℃的温度储存7天而不发生接缝打开，即标签不应该收缩1％或更多以致卷绕电池主体的标签打开并露出主体。所述存储稳定性试验在电池标签行业广泛使用。
为了提高在较低温度(储存稳定性试验要求的70℃左右)的尺寸稳定性和抗老化性，多层膜的至少一层含有含苯乙烯聚合物。另一方面，所述膜应该在200℃至400℃的温度，即在电池标签被热处理的范围内，收缩。因此，存在膜保持尺寸稳定的第一温度范围和膜发生显著收缩的第二温度范围。典型地，在高于200℃的温度所述表面膜在一个方向上收缩超过50％。
所述含苯乙烯聚合物包括例如聚苯乙烯和苯乙烯的共聚物。所述含苯乙烯聚合物还可以选自苯乙烯衍生物。来自能被使用的材料的一个实际的例子是Styrolux HS70(BASF，Germany)。含苯乙烯聚合物可以在一层中与至少一种其它聚合物例如聚烯烃在共混物中共存。然而，所述含苯乙烯聚合物可以在层中原样存在。优选的聚烯烃是聚乙烯和聚丙烯。优选的聚乙烯是HDPE(高密度聚乙烯)和LLDPE(线性低密度聚乙烯)。
多层膜中的层数不被限制，但根据一个有利的实施方式，电池标签含有三个层。所述层中的至少一层含有含苯乙烯聚合物，例如聚苯乙烯。例如，可以是三层膜，其外层由聚烯烃例如聚乙烯制得，并且内层含有含苯乙烯聚合物。所述聚烯烃外层有益于制备工艺，而所述内层用于调整收缩性能。依据另一个实例，膜可以含有三个层，其中每个层都含有含苯乙烯聚合物。所述含苯乙烯聚合物可以与其它聚合物形成共混物，例如与所述聚烯烃中的一种，但其也可以在各个层中是单一聚合物。然而，包含聚烯烃外层和内含苯乙烯层的结构从制备的观点来看可能是有益的，尤其是关于基质剥离和转换性能。
在上述两种情况中，如果三层膜定为用于层压，则所述三层膜的厚度可以是25μm至55μm，优选30至40μm。然而，典型地所述厚度是低于50μm且高于30μm。如果所述三层膜不定为用于层压，则其厚度可以是50至60μm。在第一个实例中，聚烯烃层的厚度可以为4至20μm，而含苯乙烯聚合物层的厚度可以为20至50μm。在第二个实例中，含苯乙烯聚合物层的厚度可以为10至40μm。然而，所述含苯乙烯聚合物层的厚度可以彼此不同，并且含苯乙烯聚合物的量在每层中可以变化。
附图说明
下面，将参考实施例和附图对本发明进行描述，其中
图1a显示了制备过程中的电池，
图1b显示了完成后的电池，
图2显示了含有本发明标签的基料的横截面视图，和
图3表示标签的表面膜的横截面视图。
具体实施方式
图1a显示了被标签2卷绕的主体1。所述标签的边缘3可以与相对边缘轻微重叠以形成接缝3a。标签在主体1纵向方向延伸超过电池的边缘(唇部)。在图1b中标签已经收缩覆盖主体1的边缘4从而已经形成最终的电池。图1a和1b示出圆柱状电池，但其它形状也是可能的。
图2显示了含有电池标签2的基料。所述电池标签含有表面膜5和粘结层6。在标签2下面是释放表面，例如隔离纸7，或隔离膜。
图3显示了一种可能的表面膜5的横截面视图。表面膜5是共挤出的三层膜，其在其的一层或多层中含有含苯乙烯聚合物。
根据一个解决方案，表面膜5含有由聚烯烃制备的层8和10、和包含含苯乙烯聚合物的层9。例如，所述含苯乙烯聚合物可以是聚苯乙烯或苯乙烯的共聚物。含苯乙烯聚合物可以在一层中与其它聚合物例如聚烯烃共混共存，但也可能的是含苯乙烯聚合物是层中仅有的聚合物。优选的聚烯烃是聚乙烯和聚丙烯。优选的聚乙烯是HDPE(高密度聚乙烯)和LLDPE(线性低密度聚乙烯)。
根据另一解决方案，表面膜5含有层8、9和10，其中所述层8、9和10均含有含苯乙烯聚合物。例如，含苯乙烯聚合物可以是聚苯乙烯或苯乙烯的共聚物。含苯乙烯聚合物可以在一层中与其它聚合物例如聚烯烃共混共存，但也可能的是含苯乙烯聚合物是层中仅有的聚合物。优选的聚烯烃是聚乙烯和聚丙烯。优选的聚乙烯是HDPE(高密度聚乙烯)和LLDPE(线性低密度聚乙烯)。
实施例
将AAA电池用在接缝处最大重叠2mm的标签标记。所述标签含有压敏粘结剂。存在三种不同种类的膜，即聚氯乙烯膜(PVC)、含聚苯乙烯的膜和聚烯烃膜。将经标记的电池在71℃的温度保持一周，之后对其进行评估。结果显示在表1中。
表1.电池标签测试结果
Figure BPA00001309401200041
如从测试结果可以看出的那样，所述含聚苯乙烯的膜产生了与PVC膜一样好的可接受的结果。

Claims (5)

1.电池标签，包括具有正面和背面的经取向的表面膜和在该表面膜的背面上的粘结层，其特征在于所述表面膜为共挤出的三层膜，该共挤出的三层膜包括内层和在所述内层两侧的作为外层的聚烯烃层，该内层包含含苯乙烯聚合物。
2.如权利要求1所述的电池标签，其特征在于所述含苯乙烯聚合物是聚苯乙烯或苯乙烯的共聚物。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的电池标签，其特征在于所述表面膜的厚度低于70μm。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的电池标签，其特征在于，在低于71℃的温度，所述表面膜收缩低于1％，以及在200℃至400℃的温度，所述表面膜在至少一个方向上收缩超过50％。
5.电池，包括主体和卷绕该主体的电池标签，该电池标签包括具有正面和背面的经取向的表面膜和在该表面膜的背面上的粘结层，其特征在于所述表面膜为共挤出的三层膜，该共挤出的三层膜包括内层和在所述内层两侧的作为外层的聚烯烃层，该内层包含含苯乙烯聚合物。
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