CN1021018C - Filter apparatus for filtering liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a liquid filtering apparatus which comprises a fixed filtration chamber 10, wherein the filtration chamber is provided with a liquid inlet 20 and a liquid outlet 18. Hollow fibre of alpha cellulose is crosslinked with a medium 30 of a main body, and is put in the filtration chamber loosely at a dry state. When the liquid flows through the medium, the main body is expanded and is filled in the filtration chamber tightly. Preferably, the fibre is cotton wool fibre.

Description

Filter apparatus for filtering liquid

The present invention relates to filter apparatus for filtering liquid.

Such filter plant is usually made the form of the fixedly filter chamber with liquid-inlet and filtrate (liquid, fixedly in the filter chamber filter medium is housed.The oil strainer that for example is used for internal combustion engine, this kind medium usually is a wire netting, and then proposes the paper filter medium recently.The wire netting medium only can filter the particle than coarsegrain, and the paper filter medium is easy to large tracts of land and stops up.

BP 2,119, No. 272 a kind of lubricating oil filter is disclosed, this kind filter comprises that the spiral with ring section of an axial flow twines filter element, this element is made of the micropore paper of resin bonded cellulose fibre, and cellulose fibre is made by Sulfated wood pulp, and preferably the mixing slurry by soft or hard timber makes, fiber preferably aligns, and the diameter of paper micropore is the 5-100 micron.This structure has some advantages than conventional filter, but can't remove the very little particle of granularity.

BP 2,031, No. 296 is similar equipment, and it has also described the paper filter element of the spiral winding of axial flow, this filter cell links to each other with the cast metal filter end removably, and filter end has import, outlet and assembly flange.

BP 2,018, the separation that relates to lymphocyte from suspension No. 149, it comprises uses the fiber of many average diameters between 10 microns-60 microns.This patent also fails to provide the result who makes us satisfied fully.

BP 1,301 discloses a kind of separator No. 822, it comprises the porous paper that profit is all insoluble, and porous paper two sides is with containing the slaking water retting mistake that solubility strengthens resin, and the enhancing resin is covered with on the paper with the form of film, the fiber of coated paper, but can not change the porosity characteristic of paper substantially.The fiber of porous paper also is entrained with fluorochemical, thereby paper is grease proofing, as also being fully hydrophilic by water-wet temporarily.

No. 752,827, BP is with being made filter medium by the granule of the impregnated paper of resin.

BP discloses the filter medium of side filter-type for 682, No. 400, and this medium is one folded mainly by having doughnut and soaking paper tape or the paper ring that the material of anti-aqueous medium is made.The dipping waterproof material only limits to make a fraction of doughnut to fill up, and offsetting inconsistent each other that paper ring or paper tape produce when wetting, and remaining doughnut can absorb the water of heap(ed) capacity, and only allows other liquid, and for example oil passes filter.

BP discloses a kind of oil strainer 572, No. 256, wherein intake pipeline almost total length all be rolled into the paper tape sleeve of helicon or sleeve pipe surrounds, filtering material is configured in the toroidal container of spiral cone sleeve tube outside.

United States Patent (USP) 4,369 discloses a kind of oil strainer that is used for internal combustion engine No. 110, and in the filter, it is also reinforced via a spicule that the filter chamber loads loose fiber.

More than these structures all can not granule fully be removed or filter with cheap price.

According to the present invention, the filter plant that filter liquide is used has been proposed, this equipment comprises a fixing filter chamber, there are liquid-inlet, filtrate (liquid and many doughnuts that constitutes with the crosslinked parent form of chemical cellulose in the filter chamber, their looselys under dry status are packed in the filter chamber, when liquid flow through, parent can expand, thereby closely is filled in the filter chamber like this.

Structure of the present invention can filter the very little particle of granularity, but and long period of operation tangible clogging can not appear.

Have been found that and use chemical cellulose as filter medium, effect is improved bigger.

The aperture of doughnut parent is preferably in the 5-500 nanometer range, and when parent was in the drying regime loosely is packed the filter chamber into, the density of doughnut parent partition should be the 0.28-0.5 gram per centimeter ³

Just can realize above-mentioned requirement by the hollow core fiber parent that linter is made.

Can make parent in various mode though consider fiber, manufacture method is on common paper machine fiber to be made paper preferably, subsequently paper roll is become cylindrical shape, to form filter medium.The thickness 0.5-2 millimeter of paper is better, preferably the 1.1-1.2 millimeter.

Filter can be removed a spot of Polychlorinated biphenyls (P.C.B) according to the mechanism of hydrogen bond.The P.C.B of low chloro has sufficient aromatization degree, is easy to form hydrogen bond with the surface of filter medium, is therefore got off by detention, and removes from fluid effectively.The material of these low chloros is easy to become the material with maximum carcinogenicity just.Polychlorinated biphenyls also can be degraded by applied theory of free radicals in absolute most of chemical reactions.Suppress the same way as of the free radical of normal autooxidation according to filter medium, in the free radical degradation reaction of Polychlorinated biphenyls, filter medium will play a part identical, and it will help such material and intermediate are removed from circulation of fluid as a result.

In structure preferably, distributor links to each other with the import of liquid, and liquid to be filtered can be distributed on the bigger surface of filter medium.For example liquid to be filtered is added on the very big surface of an axial end face of cylinder inner filter media, just can realizes above-mentioned requirement.The filter chamber can be columnar, and has the feed pipe that passes the filter medium center vertically.The intake channel that between an end wall of axial end face of filter medium and filter chamber, forms, and can dispose distributor like this, make multiply liquid to be filtered flow the directive end wall, liquid stream turns back from end wall, flows on the axial end face of filter medium again.

Can liquid to be filtered be distributed on the axial end face with other method.For example feed liquid can add from a certain axial end portion, produces liquid by rosette plate or porous plate and distributes.

Can come supporting filter medium with advantageous method, form exit passageway thus between another end wall of another axial end of filter medium and filter chamber, filtrate (liquid links to each other with exit passageway again.

Use by a loose benefit that stows the parent that chemical cellulose forms is, very high formation hydrogen bond ability is arranged, and the polar substances that this ability can enough native states adsorbs.Have been found that under the condition of control, when forming closely knit chemical cellulose parent,, can provide particularly advantageous character as the filter medium of liquid hydrocarbon fluid.Have been found that this life-span of employed hydrocarbon ils in prolonged mechanical widely.For fuel resemble diesel oil, have been found that such filter can prevent the precipitation of amorphous wax, method is that unbodied wax is converted into microcrystal, and this microcrystal can be avoided the obstruction of nozzle and connecting line etc.Hang down when reaching-12 ℃ even also have been found that temperature, this effect still can realize.

Also have been noted that the use silane compound, for example haloalkyl silane or alkyl monosilane ester with the filter medium silanization, can provide opposite ability.This can produce a kind of parent, and this parent can be converted into the surface non-hydrogen bond form, and this non-hydrogen bond form can be repelled polar substances, and therefore this parent can be successfully used to the fine filtering of glycol water and other fire-resistant fluid.

When silanization state not, find that chemical cellulose can remove very thin metal and nonmetallic particle again, when water and organic acid exist, can remove the sour thing of already oxidised one-tenth, inorganic acid and alkali compounds.

In order to be easier to understand the present invention, with reference to accompanying drawing, carry out following explanation by example, accompanying drawing is a frame only, and it is the constructed profile of an apparatus embodiments of the present invention.

Equipment to be illustrated has comprised the fixedly filter chamber by numbering 10 expressions, and there are circular lower end wall 12, cylindrical shape perisporium 14 and circular cone end wall 16 in the filter chamber.Lower end wall 12 is equipped with common threaded sleeve 18, and sleeve pipe 18 links to each other with the storage tank of this equipment of reception filtrate.Feed pipe 20 coaxial being installed in the sleeve pipe, distributor 22 is equipped with in the upper end of feed pipe 20, and distributor 22 has many relief holes 24.

Baffle plate 26 is support grids, is installed in the top of lower end wall 12, thereby defines the exit passageway 28 under it.

Loaded filter medium 30 in the filter chamber 10.This filter medium is the crosslinked parent of many hollow chemical cellulose fibers, and the partition of fiber parent contains the hole of pore-size distribution in the 5-500 nanometer, and the density of fiber parent is the 0.28-0.5 gram per centimeter ³These fiber parent looselys are packed in the filter chamber, and filling fiber preferably carries out like this, and fiber is made the paper that thickness is the 0.5-2 millimeter on common paper machine, is preferably made the paper that thickness is the 1.1-1.2 millimeter.The fiber of system paper can be a linter.Then paper roll is become cylindrical shape, insert in the filter chamber 10.The upper surface 32 and the lower surface 34 of ringwise filter medium have so just been obtained.

When described equipment and fluid supply to be filtered joined, the liquid feed pipe 20 of upwards flowing through outwards sprayed facing to tapered wall 16 by spray orifice 24.Liquid is bored wall and is stopped downwards and turn back, and trickles down equably on the upper surface 32 of filter medium 30.When liquid when dirty, the fiber of parent expands immediately, so fiber just closely is filled in the filter chamber 10.Have been found that precursor fiber can filter granularity and be low to moderate 1 micron particle, when liquid was dirty, the pressure that stands fell very little really.Though liquid has some full of twists and turns, their path is always arranged when passing filter medium.Filter medium swelling gradually provided needed uniform filter medium when liquid flow through.Liquid flows out, and enters exit passageway 28, passes hole 36 and enters outlet sleeve 18 from exit passageway then.

Claims (7)

1, filter apparatus for filtering liquid (10), this equipment comprises: one fixedly filter chamber (14), there are liquid-inlet (20) and filtrate (liquid (18) in the filter chamber, many doughnuts are made paper and are rolled into cylindrical shape, to form filter medium (30), this medium loosely under drying regime is packed in the filter chamber, with the distributor (16 that links to each other with liquid-inlet (20), 22,24), distributor can be added on the very big surface of an axial end of described cylindrical shape filter medium (30) liquid to be filtered effectively, like this when liquid flows through, parent can expand thereby closely be filled in the filter chamber, it is characterized in that described doughnut filter medium is the crosslinked parent of chemical cellulose linter.

2, according to the equipment of claim 1, when it is characterized in that under drying regime in the loose filter chamber of packing into, the density of doughnut parent is the 0.28-0.5 gram per centimeter ³

3, according to the equipment of claim 1 or 2, the thickness that it is characterized in that paper is the 0.5-2 millimeter, preferably the 1.1-1.2 millimeter.

4, according to the equipment of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that filter chamber (14) is a cylindrical shape, also comprise: the feed pipe (20) that axially passes the medium center, the intake channel that between an end wall (16) of the axial end (32) of medium (30) and filter chamber, forms, wherein can dispose distributor (24) like this, make multiply liquid stream directive to be filtered in the face of axial end wall, liquid stream turns back from end wall, flows back on the axial end of medium again.

5, according to the equipment of claim 4, it is characterized in that also comprising the support grid (34) of Supporting Media, formed exit passageway (28) like this between another end wall of another axial end (34) of medium (30) and filter chamber, filter outlet (18) links to each other with this exit passageway.

6,, it is characterized in that described parent was silylated according to the equipment of claim 1 or 2.

7, according to the equipment of claim 6, wherein said parent is handled with haloalkyl silane or alkyl monosilane ester, makes it silanization.