CN102011075B - Preparing method for non-online solid solution of copper alloy slab band - Google Patents
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- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 17
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种铜合金板带的生产工艺,具体地说是一种高强高导铜合金板带的非在线固溶的制备方法。 The invention relates to a production process of a copper alloy strip, in particular to a non-line solid solution preparation method of a high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy strip.
背景技术 Background technique
高强高导铜合金由于具有优良的综合物理性能和力学性能,而广泛应用于电力、电子工业和航空航天等领域。近几十年来,高强高导铜合金一直是国内外学者的研究热点。由于铜合金导电率和强度很难兼顾,即导电率高则强度低,强度高则导电率很难提高。因此,必须采用特殊的强化方式在保证高导电率的前提下尽可能提高其强度。 High-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys are widely used in the fields of electric power, electronics industry and aerospace due to their excellent comprehensive physical and mechanical properties. In recent decades, high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys have been a research hotspot of scholars at home and abroad. It is difficult to balance the conductivity and strength of copper alloys, that is, the high conductivity leads to low strength, and the high strength makes the conductivity difficult to improve. Therefore, special strengthening methods must be used to increase its strength as much as possible while ensuring high conductivity.
常用的强化方式有:细晶强化、弥散强化、固溶强化、时效析出强化、形变强化、纤维复合强化。 Commonly used strengthening methods are: fine grain strengthening, dispersion strengthening, solid solution strengthening, aging precipitation strengthening, deformation strengthening, and fiber composite strengthening.
在高强高导铜合金的制备工艺中,通常采用固溶强化、冷变形强化和时效强化相结合的强化方式:即:铸锭下料→加热变形造→固溶处理→初轧→时效处理→精轧。其基本原理是:低固溶度的合金元素加入铜中,通过固溶处理(高温保温+水淬),合金元素在铜基体中形成过饱和固溶体,此时合金导电率下降,随后进行时效处理,过饱和固溶体分解,大量的合金元素以沉淀相形式析出,弥散分布在铜基体中,此时合金导电率迅速提高,同时由于时效析出相的强化作用,强度也进一步提高,若在时效前进行适当的冷变形,将有利于合金元素的均匀析出。 In the preparation process of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys, a combination of solid solution strengthening, cold deformation strengthening and aging strengthening is usually used: namely: ingot blanking → heating deformation → solution treatment → preliminary rolling → aging treatment → Finish rolling. The basic principle is: alloying elements with low solid solubility are added to copper, through solid solution treatment (high temperature insulation + water quenching), alloying elements form a supersaturated solid solution in the copper matrix, at this time the conductivity of the alloy decreases, followed by aging treatment , the supersaturated solid solution decomposes, and a large number of alloy elements precipitate in the form of precipitated phases and are dispersed in the copper matrix. Appropriate cold deformation will be conducive to the uniform precipitation of alloying elements.
采用以上传统工艺制备的铜合金具有高强高导特点,适用于大批量高强高导铜合金板带的生产,但针对中小批量高强高导铜合金板带的生产,由于合金经锻造(热轧)后板坯过长,固溶处理需要专门的设备,如大型热处理炉、在线淬火设施等,且生产线中固溶处理和时效工艺需要很好的协调,并要与其他加工工序相适应;设备的大量投入,增加了生产成本,且实施较困难。 The copper alloy prepared by the above traditional process has the characteristics of high strength and high conductivity, which is suitable for the production of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy strips in large quantities, but for the production of small and medium-sized high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy strips, because the alloy is forged After the slab is too long, solution treatment requires special equipment, such as large heat treatment furnaces, on-line quenching facilities, etc., and the solution treatment and aging process in the production line need to be well coordinated and must be compatible with other processing procedures; equipment A large amount of investment increases the production cost, and it is difficult to implement.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是在传统制备的基础上,针对中小批量高强高导铜合金板带的生产实际,提出一种非在线固溶的方法,其目的是在无在线固溶处理生产条件下,能够生产高强高导铜合金板带。 The purpose of the present invention is to propose a non-online solid solution method for the actual production of small and medium-sized batches of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy strips on the basis of traditional preparation. Production of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy strips.
为实现上述目的,采用的技术方案是: In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted is:
铜合金的成分为: The composition of the copper alloy is:
Cr:0.4-1.1%; Cr: 0.4-1.1%;
Fe ≤0.1%; Fe ≤0.1%;
Ni ≤0.05%; Ni≤0.05%;
余量为Cu。 The balance is Cu.
本发明的制备工艺是: Preparation technique of the present invention is:
一、铜合金的热变形:按Cr 0.4-1.1%、Fe ≤0.1%、Ni ≤0.05%,余量为Cu的合金铸锭下料,将坯料加热,温度为850-900℃,热变形至截面尺寸为20mm×20mm的板带; 1. Thermal deformation of copper alloy: According to the alloy casting ingot with Cr 0.4-1.1%, Fe ≤0.1%, Ni ≤0.05%, and the balance is Cu, the billet is heated at a temperature of 850-900°C, and the thermal deformation reaches A strip with a cross-sectional size of 20mm×20mm;
二、固溶处理:将热变形后的合金,进行热处理,加热温度970-990℃,保温时间为0.5-2h,出炉,出炉后用空气冷却至常温; 2. Solution treatment: heat-treated the alloy after heat deformation, the heating temperature is 970-990 ℃, the holding time is 0.5-2h, it is taken out of the furnace, and cooled to room temperature with air after it is out of the furnace;
三、二次热变形:将固溶处理后的合金,进行加热变形,锻造,加热温度为850-900℃,锻造至截面尺寸为7mm×20mm,锻造后用水冷却至水温; 3. Secondary thermal deformation: heat and deform the alloy after solid solution treatment, forging at a heating temperature of 850-900°C, forging to a cross-sectional size of 7mm×20mm, and cooling with water to the water temperature after forging;
四、冷轧变形:水冷后,将铜合金冷轧至截面尺寸为3.5mm×20mm的板带; 4. Cold rolling deformation: After water cooling, the copper alloy is cold rolled to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3.5mm×20mm;
五、时效处理:冷轧变形后,将铜合金板带进行时效处理,时效温度380-450℃,时效时间2-6h; 5. Aging treatment: After cold rolling and deformation, the copper alloy strip is subjected to aging treatment, the aging temperature is 380-450°C, and the aging time is 2-6h;
六、精轧:时效处理后,将铜合金板带精轧至截面尺寸为:3mm×20mm的板带,制得产品。 6. Finish rolling: After aging treatment, finish rolling the copper alloy strip to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3mm×20mm to obtain a product.
本发明的有益效果: Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1、制备工艺易于操作、可行、生产成本低,适用于无在线固溶热处理条件下,中小批量高强高导铜合金板带的生产。 1. The preparation process is easy to operate, feasible and low in production cost, and is suitable for the production of small and medium batches of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy strips under the condition of no on-line solution heat treatment.
2、采用该工艺制备的高强高导铜合金板带的硬度和导电率,关系配合良好。 2. The hardness and electrical conductivity of the high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy strip prepared by this process are well matched.
3、本发明的固溶处理是将传统工艺中的固溶处理提前到锻造过程中进行,一方面合金利用锻造后的余热进行固溶处理,可适当降低生产成本,另一方面,本发明合金固溶处理前的坯料较传统工艺固溶处理前的坯料短而厚,固溶处理易于操作。 3. The solution treatment of the present invention advances the solution treatment in the traditional process to the forging process. On the one hand, the alloy utilizes the waste heat after forging to carry out the solution treatment, which can appropriately reduce production costs. On the other hand, the alloy of the present invention The billet before solution treatment is shorter and thicker than that of the traditional process, and the solution treatment is easy to operate.
4、本发明的二次锻造后,进行水冷,是为保证合金元素Cr更加充分的溶入铜基体,从而有利于后续时效处理合金元素Cr的析出。 4. After the secondary forging of the present invention, water cooling is performed to ensure that the alloying element Cr is more fully dissolved into the copper matrix, thereby facilitating the precipitation of the alloying element Cr in the subsequent aging treatment.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
一种高强高导铜合金板带的非在线固溶的制备方法,铜合金的质量成分为: A method for preparing an off-line solid solution of a high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy strip, the mass composition of the copper alloy is:
Cr:0.4-1.1%; Cr: 0.4-1.1%;
Fe ≤0.1%; Fe ≤0.1%;
Ni ≤0.05%; Ni≤0.05%;
余量为Cu。 The balance is Cu.
制备工艺: Preparation Process:
一、铜合金的热变形:按Cr 0.4-1.1%、Fe ≤0.1%、Ni ≤0.05%,余量为Cu的合金铸锭下料,将坯料加热,温度850-900℃,热变形至截面尺寸为20mm×20mm的板带; 1. Thermal deformation of copper alloy: According to the alloy casting ingot with Cr 0.4-1.1%, Fe ≤0.1%, Ni ≤0.05%, and the balance is Cu, the billet is heated at a temperature of 850-900°C, and the heat is deformed to the cross section A strip with a size of 20mm×20mm;
二、固溶处理:将热变形后的合金,进行热处理,加热温度970-990℃,保温时间为0.5-2h,出炉,出炉后用空气冷却至常温; 2. Solution treatment: heat-treated the alloy after heat deformation, the heating temperature is 970-990 ℃, the holding time is 0.5-2h, it is taken out of the furnace, and cooled to room temperature with air after it is out of the furnace;
三、二次热变形:将固溶处理后的合金,进行加热变形,锻造,加热温度为850-900℃,锻造至截面尺寸为7mm×20mm,锻造后用水冷却至水温; 3. Secondary thermal deformation: heat and deform the alloy after solid solution treatment, forging at a heating temperature of 850-900°C, forging to a cross-sectional size of 7mm×20mm, and cooling with water to the water temperature after forging;
四、冷轧变形:水冷后,将铜合金冷轧至截面尺寸为3.5mm×20mm的板带; 4. Cold rolling deformation: After water cooling, the copper alloy is cold rolled to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3.5mm×20mm;
五、时效处理:冷轧变形后,将铜合金板带进行时效处理,时效温度380-450℃,时效时间2-6h; 5. Aging treatment: After cold rolling and deformation, the copper alloy strip is subjected to aging treatment, the aging temperature is 380-450°C, and the aging time is 2-6h;
六、精轧:时效处理后,将铜合金板带精轧至截面尺寸为:3mm×20mm的板带,制得产品。 6. Finish rolling: After aging treatment, finish rolling the copper alloy strip to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3mm×20mm to obtain a product.
实施例1Example 1
制备工艺: Preparation Process:
一、铜合金的热变形:按Cr 0.4%、Fe ≤0.1%、Ni ≤0.05%,余量为Cu的合金铸锭下料,将坯料加热,温度850℃,热变形至截面尺寸为20mm×20mm的板带; 1. Thermal deformation of copper alloy: according to Cr 0.4%, Fe ≤0.1%, Ni ≤0.05%, and the balance is Cu alloy ingot blanking, heating the billet at a temperature of 850°C, and thermally deforming to a cross-sectional size of 20mm× 20mm strip;
二、固溶处理:将热变形后的合金,进行热处理,加热温度970-990℃,保温时间为0.5h,出炉,出炉后用空气冷却至常温; 2. Solution treatment: heat-treated the alloy after thermal deformation, the heating temperature is 970-990 ℃, the holding time is 0.5h, it is taken out of the furnace, and cooled to room temperature with air after it is out of the furnace;
三、二次热变形:将固溶处理后的合金,进行加热变形,锻造,加热温度为850℃,锻造至截面尺寸为7mm×20mm,锻造后用水冷却至水温; 3. Secondary heat deformation: the alloy after solid solution treatment is heated and deformed, forged at a heating temperature of 850°C, forged to a cross-sectional size of 7mm×20mm, and cooled with water to the water temperature after forging;
四、冷轧变形:水冷后,将铜合金冷轧至截面尺寸为3.5mm×20mm的板带; 4. Cold rolling deformation: After water cooling, the copper alloy is cold rolled to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3.5mm×20mm;
五、时效处理:冷轧变形后,将铜合金板带进行时效处理,时效温度380℃,时效时间2h; 5. Aging treatment: After cold rolling and deformation, the copper alloy strip is subjected to aging treatment, the aging temperature is 380°C, and the aging time is 2h;
六、精轧:时效处理后,将铜合金板带精轧至截面尺寸为:3mm×20mm的板带,制得产品。 6. Finish rolling: After aging treatment, finish rolling the copper alloy strip to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3mm×20mm to obtain a product.
实施例2Example 2
制备工艺: Preparation Process:
一、铜合金的热变形:按Cr 1.1%、Fe 0.1%、Ni 0.05%和 Cu99.75%的合金铸锭下料,将坯料加热,温度900℃,热变形至截面尺寸为20mm×20mm的板带; 1. Thermal deformation of copper alloy: According to the alloy ingot casting of Cr 1.1%, Fe 0.1%, Ni 0.05% and Cu99.75%, the billet is heated at a temperature of 900°C, and thermally deformed to a cross-sectional size of 20mm×20mm Strip;
二、固溶处理:将热变形后的合金,进行热处理,加热温度990℃,保温时间为2h,出炉,出炉后用空气冷却至常温; 2. Solution treatment: heat-treated the alloy after thermal deformation, the heating temperature is 990°C, the holding time is 2h, it is taken out of the furnace, and cooled to room temperature with air after being out of the furnace;
三、二次热变形:将固溶处理后的合金,进行加热变形,锻造,加热温度为900℃,锻造至截面尺寸为7mm×20mm,锻造后用水冷却至水温; 3. Secondary heat deformation: the alloy after solid solution treatment is heated and deformed, forged, the heating temperature is 900°C, forged to a cross-sectional size of 7mm×20mm, and cooled with water to the water temperature after forging;
四、冷轧变形:水冷后,将铜合金冷轧至截面尺寸为3.5mm×20mm的板带; 4. Cold rolling deformation: After water cooling, the copper alloy is cold rolled to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3.5mm×20mm;
五、时效处理:冷轧变形后,将铜合金板带进行时效处理,时效温度450℃,时效时间6h; 5. Aging treatment: After cold rolling and deformation, the copper alloy strip is subjected to aging treatment, the aging temperature is 450°C, and the aging time is 6h;
六、精轧:时效处理后,将铜合金板带精轧至截面尺寸为:3mm×20mm的板带,制得产品。 6. Finish rolling: After aging treatment, finish rolling the copper alloy strip to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3mm×20mm to obtain a product.
实施例3Example 3
制备工艺: Preparation Process:
一、铜合金的热变形:按Cr 0.7%、Fe 0.1%、Ni 0.05%和Cu99.15%的合金铸锭下料,将坯料加热,温度880℃,热变形至截面尺寸为20mm×20mm的板带; 1. Thermal deformation of copper alloy: According to the ingot casting of Cr 0.7%, Fe 0.1%, Ni 0.05% and Cu99.15%, the billet is heated at a temperature of 880°C, and thermally deformed to a cross-sectional size of 20mm×20mm Strip;
二、固溶处理:将热变形后的合金,进行热处理,加热温度980℃,保温时间为1h,出炉,出炉后用空气冷却至常温; 2. Solution treatment: heat-treated the alloy after thermal deformation, the heating temperature is 980°C, the holding time is 1h, it is taken out of the furnace, and cooled to room temperature with air after being out of the furnace;
三、二次热变形:将固溶处理后的合金,进行加热变形,锻造,加热温度为875℃,锻造至截面尺寸为7mm×20mm,锻造后用水冷却至水温; 3. Secondary heat deformation: the alloy after solid solution treatment is heated and deformed, forged at a heating temperature of 875°C, forged to a cross-sectional size of 7mm×20mm, and cooled with water to the water temperature after forging;
四、冷轧变形:水冷后,将铜合金冷轧至截面尺寸为3.5mm×20mm的板带; 4. Cold rolling deformation: After water cooling, the copper alloy is cold rolled to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3.5mm×20mm;
五、时效处理:冷轧变形后,将铜合金板带进行时效处理,时效温度410℃,时效时间4h; 5. Aging treatment: After cold rolling and deformation, the copper alloy strip is subjected to aging treatment, the aging temperature is 410°C, and the aging time is 4h;
六、精轧:时效处理后,将铜合金板带精轧至截面尺寸为:3mm×20mm的板带,制得产品。 6. Finish rolling: After aging treatment, finish rolling the copper alloy strip to a strip with a cross-sectional size of 3mm×20mm to obtain a product.
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