CN102005890A - Resonance type electromagnetic actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

A resonance type electromagnetic actuator belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic actuators. It includes a metal cover (4), and also includes a vibrator main body (6), a guide post (2), and a moving mass (9); the vibrator main body (6) is fixedly connected with a magnetic guide post (5), and An annular permanent magnet (11) set on the periphery of the magnetic guide column (5) is fixedly connected; a frequency modulation mass (3) is arranged on the moving mass (9); the above guide column (2), the main body of the vibrator (6) It is fixedly connected with the moving mass (9) and supported by a spring group (8); it is installed through a linear bearing (1), and the radial displacement is limited by the linear bearing (1); the upper end of the above-mentioned metal cover (4) is also fixedly connected There is a cylindrical sleeve (12) wound with an enameled coil (7), and the cylindrical sleeve (12) is placed downwards between the annular permanent magnet (11) and the magnetic conduction column (5); the inner wall of the metal outer cover (4) is pasted There are sound-absorbing cotton (10). The invention can generate a large load control force under the drive of a small power supply.

Description

Resonant Electromagnetic Actuator

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnetic actuators and can be used as an actuator in active vibration control systems of helicopters, airplanes, spacecraft, ships and the like. the

technical background

As one of the important branches in the field of vibration control, active vibration control develops rapidly and is used in many occasions such as precision instruments, aerospace, transportation and machinery with outstanding effects. The actuator is a key part of the active vibration control system. Its main function is to exert control force on the control object according to the determined control law, so as to change the response of the system in the desired way. the

Actuators used for active vibration control can be mainly divided into hydraulic actuators, electromagnetic actuators and smart material actuators according to their structural forms. Among them, the main advantages of the electromagnetic actuator are: wide frequency range, sensitive response, moderate structural weight, convenient actuator layout, etc., but it also has some disadvantages, such as: potential electromagnetic field interference and magnetic field after long-term use. loss problem. the

Most of the existing electromagnetic actuators use electromagnetic force to directly drive the moving rotor to generate control force. In the patent "application patent number: 3220055.2, publication date: 2004.04.21, publication number: CN2613092", a series-connected high-energy electromagnetic actuator is proposed. The actuator, its vibrator consists of two or more high-strength magnets, two outer magnetic plates and one or more middle magnetic plates according to "outer magnetic plates-high-strength magnets-middle magnetic plates-high-strength magnets —High-strength magnets—outer magnetic plates” are connected in series. The thickness of the magnetic plate arranged in the middle of the vibrator is larger than that of the outermost magnetic plate of the vibrator. Any two adjacent magnets are clamped with the same poles facing each other. The middle magnetically conductive plate therebetween. The coil holder, the electromagnetic coil and the magnetically conductive outer cylinder are cemented into one body, and the through-hole bolts and leaf springs connect the vibrator and the magnetically conductive outer cylinder from both ends. Due to the shortening of the magnetic circuit, the reduction of the reluctance, and the increase in the number of magnetically conductive plates, the effective number of turns of the electromagnetic coil that can be arranged is greatly increased, so that the control force of the actuator is greatly increased, and the amount of magnet, driving current intensity, material cost and volume are reduced. the

In the patent "application patent number: 200310107922.4, publication date: 2004.09.15, publication number: CN1529407", a double permanent magnet parallel non-contact electromagnetic actuator is proposed, which is mainly composed of an upper electromagnet assembly and a lower permanent magnet. It is composed of components and the basic components of the magnetic transmission structure. It is characterized in that the iron core of the electromagnet component is equipped with control windings and berth windings; the permanent magnet component is mainly composed of two permanent magnets connected in parallel; The working air gap formed between the active surfaces of the magnet assembly, the permanent magnet and the basic component of the magnetic conduction structure form a closed magnetic circuit. Due to the parallel structure of double permanent magnets, the magnetic circuit is a closed magnetic circuit, and the leakage flux is small, so that it has better force-electricity conversion efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility. the

In the patent "application patent number: 200810236270, publication date: 2009.04.22, publication number: 10141202", a composite broadband actuator is proposed. There is a piezoelectric actuator, which combines the two, and is equipped with a corresponding frequency division and drive circuit to make full use of the advantages of the two actuators and expand its working frequency band. the

In the above-mentioned patents, since the working principle of this type of electromagnetic actuator is to use electromagnetic force to directly drive the moving rotor to generate control force, stronger electric power is required to obtain greater control force. the

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the disadvantages of existing electromagnetic actuators, such as high-power power supply, large volume and weight, and electromagnetic interference, to generate large-load control force, the present invention provides a large-load control force that can be driven by a small-power power supply. Resonant electromagnetic actuator with compact structure and good anti-interference performance. the

A resonant electromagnetic actuator is characterized in that it includes a metal outer cover, and also includes a main body of an exciter, a guide post, and a moving mass block; A high magnetic energy density annular rare earth permanent magnet around the magnetic guide column; a frequency modulation mass is arranged on the moving mass; the above-mentioned guide post, the main body of the vibrator and the moving mass are fixedly connected together and supported in the metal outer cover by a spring set; and The radial displacement of the guide column is limited by the linear bearing fixed in the metal cover; the upper end of the above metal cover is also fixedly connected with a cylindrical sleeve wound with an enameled coil, and the cylindrical sleeve is placed downward on the high magnetic energy density annular rare earth Between the permanent magnet and the permeable column. the

，其中

，通过调整匹配电磁式作动器的弹簧弹性系数

和运动质量块质量

以及调频质量块质量，使其固有频率与所需减振频率相同，这时电磁式作动器工作在共振状态，由此可以在产生相同载荷控制力的情况下，最大限度地减小所需功率消耗。 When the enameled coil is supplied with an alternating current, according to Lorentz's law, the enameled coil will generate a force (driving force) in the vertical direction on the moving mass, so that it vibrates up and down. The "controlling force (output as power)" of the vibrating structure. According to the formula for calculating the natural frequency of the mass-spring system:

,in

, by adjusting the elastic coefficient of the spring to match the electromagnetic actuator

and the mass of the moving mass

and the mass of the FM mass , so that its natural frequency is the same as the required vibration damping frequency, at this time the electromagnetic actuator works in a resonant state, which can minimize the required power consumption while generating the same load control force.

Sticking sound-absorbing cotton on the inner wall of the metal cover can effectively reduce the noise level when the actuator is working. The permanent magnet in the actuator adopts the rare earth permanent magnet with high magnetic energy density, which can reduce the magnetic energy loss of the permanent magnet during the working process of the actuator. the

The resonant electromagnetic actuator is characterized in that:

(1) By adjusting and matching the spring and quality parameters of the electromagnetic actuator, the natural frequency is the same as the required vibration reduction frequency. At this time, the electromagnetic actuator works in a resonance state, so that it can generate the same load control force , minimizing the required power dissipation.

(2) The frequency corresponding to the resonant state can be adjusted by changing the quantity or quality of the small frequency-modulating mass distributed around the moving mass. the

(3) Encapsulating the electromagnetic actuator with a metal cover can produce better electromagnetic shielding effect, and at the same time, the actuator works in a closed environment, which can effectively prevent dust. the

(4) The permanent magnet inside the actuator adopts a ring-shaped rare-earth permanent magnet with high magnetic energy density, which reduces the loss of magnetic energy of the permanent magnet during use. the

(5) The noise produced by the electromagnetic actuator can be effectively reduced by pasting the sound-absorbing cotton on the inner wall of the metal housing. the

(6) The structure of the present invention is relatively simple, which is convenient for integrated and standardized design and manufacture. the

(7) The structure of the present invention is relatively compact, which is beneficial to reduce the installation space. the

(8) The present invention can be used as an actuator in active vibration control systems of helicopters, airplanes, spacecraft, ships, etc. the

Description of drawings

Figure 1 Structural diagram of resonance electromagnetic actuator. the

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of resonance electromagnetic actuator. the

Label names in the figure: 1 linear bearing, 2 guide column, 3 frequency modulation mass, 4 metal cover, 5 magnetic guide column, 6 main body of vibrator, 7 enamelled coil, 8 spring group, 9 moving mass, 10 sound-absorbing cotton, 11 permanent magnets, 12 cylindrical sleeves. the

Detailed ways

The present invention is designed based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, and is mainly composed of a vibrator main body 6 and a moving mass block 9 . The structure of the specific actuator is shown in Figure 1: it includes a metal cover 4, which plays a role of fixed installation, electromagnetic shielding, sealing and dustproof; The vibrator main body 6 is fixedly connected with a magnetic guide column 5, and is also fixedly connected with a high magnetic energy density ring-shaped rare earth permanent magnet 11 that is sleeved on the periphery of the magnetic guide column 5; the moving mass 9 is covered with a frequency modulation mass 3; 2. The main body of the exciter 6 and the moving mass 9 are fixedly connected together, installed through the linear bearing 1, and the radial displacement of the guide post 2 is limited by the linear bearing 1; and supported in the metal cover 4 by the spring group 8; the above metal cover The upper end of 4 is also fixedly connected with a cylindrical sleeve 12 wound with an enameled coil 7, and the cylindrical sleeve 12 is placed downwards between the high magnetic energy density annular permanent magnet 11 and the magnetically conductive column 5. the

，通过调整匹配电磁式作动器的弹簧弹性系数

和运动质量块1质量

以及调频质量块3质量

，使其固有频率与所需减振频率相同，使电磁式作动器工作在共振状态，由此在产生相同载荷控制力的情况下，可以最大限度地减小作动器所需功率消耗。通过对小调频质量块3的数量或质量的改变，调整作动器共振状态的频率。 When the enameled coil 7 is passed with an alternating current, the enameled coil 7 generates an electromagnetic force, which will generate a vertical force (driving force) on the moving mass 9, thereby causing it to vibrate up and down. The "control force (output power)" of the damping structure. According to the formula for calculating the natural frequency of the mass-spring system: ,in

, by adjusting the elastic coefficient of the spring to match the electromagnetic actuator

and moving mass 1 mass

and FM mass block 3 mass

, so that its natural frequency is the same as the required vibration damping frequency, so that the electromagnetic actuator works in a resonance state, so that the required power consumption of the actuator can be minimized while generating the same load control force. The frequency of the resonance state of the actuator is adjusted by changing the quantity or quality of the small frequency-tuning mass 3 .

Claims (3)

1. a resonance type electromagnetic actuator is characterized in that: comprise metal housing (4), also comprise vibration generator main body (6), guide pillar (2), moving-mass piece (9); Be fixed with conducting magnetic column (5) on the vibration generator main body (6), also be fixed with and be placed in the peripheral annular permanent magnet (11) of conducting magnetic column (5); Be furnished with frequency modulation gauge block (3) on the moving-mass piece (9);

Above-mentioned guide pillar (2), vibration generator main body (6) and moving-mass piece (9) are fixed together, and are supported in the metal housing (4) by groups of springs (8); And by being fixed on the interior linear bearing of metal housing (4) (1) installation, by the radial displacement of linear bearing (1) restriction guide pillar (2);

Above-mentioned metal housing (4) upper end also is fixed with the cylindrical sleeve (12) of twining enameled wire loop (7), and it is middle with conducting magnetic column (5) that cylindrical sleeve (12) is placed in annular permanent magnet (11) downwards.

2. require described a kind of resonance type electromagnetic actuator according to right 1, it is characterized in that: noise reduction cotton (10) is housed at metal housing (4) inwall.

3. require described a kind of resonance type electromagnetic actuator according to right 1, it is characterized in that: permanent magnet in the actuator (11) is a high magnetic energy density rare-earth permanent magnet.

Images