CN102005834B - Hybrid excitation doubly salient motor adopting axial excitation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses three kinds of mixed excitation double salient pole motors with axial excitation, belonging to the field of double salient pole structure motors. The motor comprises at least two axially arranged double salient pole monolithic structures, each monolithic structure includes a salient pole stator core (1), an armature winding (2) wound on the teeth of the stator core (1) and The salient pole rotor core (3), the stator core (1) of each single structure forms a magnetic circuit through the stator axial magnetically conductive back iron (4), and the motor can use axial field windings (6) and axially magnetized permanent magnets Steel (7) provides excitation scheme; or use axial excitation winding (6) and non-axial magnetization permanent magnet (8) to provide excitation scheme; or use axial magnetization permanent magnet steel (7) and radial excitation The excitation winding (9) provides an excitation scheme, and the rotors of each single structure are installed on the rotating shaft (5). The motor of the invention has two kinds of excitation sources, the excitation magnetic field is easy to adjust, the excitation efficiency is high, and the application range is wide.

Description

Axially Excited Hybrid Excited Doubly Salient Motor

technical field

The invention relates to three kinds of mixed excitation double salient pole motors with axial excitation, and belongs to the field of double salient pole structure motors.

Background technique

In 1988, Professor Balagunov of the Moscow Aeronautics Institute proposed the structure of a parallel magnetic potential hybrid excitation synchronous generator. The stator is the same as the ordinary synchronous motor, and the rotor is divided into two parts, one part is permanent magnet excitation, and the other part is electric excitation. The defects of this motor are: the electric excitation part is a claw pole structure, there are many additional air gaps, the axial magnetic circuit has large magnetic flux leakage, and the electric excitation function is restricted.

Dr. T.Mizuno of Japan proposed an axial/radial magnetic circuit hybrid excitation synchronous generator. The stator armature winding of the motor is a common three-phase symmetrical winding. The stator core is divided into two sections by the stator annular DC excitation winding. It is magnetically connected; the rotor is also divided into two parts: N poles and S poles, each pole is staggered with the middle poles formed by the permanent magnet poles of the same polarity and the iron core, and the N, S permanent magnet poles and middle poles at both ends are also staggered. There is a solid magnetic guide sleeve (rotor back yoke) between the rotor core and the rotating shaft, which is used for the axial magnetic guide of the rotor. The disadvantages of this motor are: there are many additional air gaps, but the air gap is fixed; there is an axial/radial magnetic circuit, and the optimization of the motor structure is restricted.

Professor Lipo of the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the United States proposed a permanent magnet doubly salient pole motor. Its structure is to increase the permanent magnet excitation on the basis of the switched reluctance motor. Because the excitation magnetic field is not easy to adjust, it cannot be used as a generator.

Professor Yan Yangguang of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics proposed an electrically excited double salient pole motor ("double salient pole brushless DC motor", authorized announcement number CN1099155C), which changed the excitation source of the double salient pole motor from permanent magnets to electric excitation windings. When working as a generator, a rotor position sensor is not required, and the field winding only needs a single-tube converter for power supply. Adjusting the field winding current can adjust the output voltage, and the field can be de-excited in case of failure. It has the characteristics of high reliability.

In recent years, hybrid excitation doubly salient motors, which combine permanent magnet excitation and electric excitation, have attracted increasing attention.

Professor Lipo and others proposed a doubly salient pole hybrid excitation motor, which evolved on the basis of doubly salient pole permanent magnet motors and retained all the advantages of doubly salient pole permanent magnet motors. The motor can adjust the air gap magnetic field by controlling the direction and magnitude of the excitation current. However, the electric excitation circuit passes through the permanent magnet, and the electric excitation efficiency is low.

Chen Qingquan of the University of Hong Kong, Professor Jiang Jianzhong of Shanghai University of Technology, etc. proposed a claw-pole hybrid excitation synchronous motor. The outer stator of this motor is similar to that of ordinary motors, with multi-phase symmetrical windings embedded in the slots, the rotor adopts a claw pole structure, permanent magnets are placed between two adjacent claw poles, and a ring DC excitation is placed on the inner stator. winding. Since the DC excitation winding is placed in the area formed by the inner and outer units of the claw poles, the space utilization rate is high and the structure is compact. However, due to the existence of axial magnetic circuit, the efficiency of electric excitation is low.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at the defects of the prior art and combines the advantages of the existing hybrid excitation motors to propose three hybrid excitation double salient pole motors with excitation magnetic circuits in the axial direction and no additional air gap.

The first kind of axial excitation hybrid excitation doubly salient pole motor, including stator core, armature winding, rotor core, stator axial magnetization back iron, rotating shaft, field winding and axially magnetized permanent magnet steel, wherein: the stator is composed of The iron core, armature winding and rotor core form at least two double salient pole single structures arranged in the axial direction, the axial magnetic back iron of the stator provides the axial magnetic circuit for the stator core, and the excitation winding is wound on the adjacent double salient pole single structure. On the stator axial magnetization back iron between the two body structures, the axially magnetized permanent magnet steel is embedded in the stator axial magnetization back iron between adjacent double salient pole structures, and the armature winding is wound on the stator core on the teeth.

The second kind of axial excitation hybrid excitation double salient pole motor, including stator core, armature winding, rotor core, stator axial magnetization back iron, rotating shaft, field winding and non-axial magnetization permanent magnet, wherein: the stator core , armature winding, rotor core and non-axially magnetized permanent magnets form at least two double-salient pole single structures arranged in the axial direction, the axial magnetic back iron of the stator provides the axial magnetic circuit for the stator core, and the field winding is wound The armature winding is wound on the teeth of the stator core on the stator axial magnetically conductive back iron between adjacent double salient pole single structures.

The third kind of axially excited hybrid excitation double salient pole motor, including stator core, armature winding, rotor core, stator axial magnetically conductive back iron, rotating shaft, axially magnetized permanent magnet steel and radially excited field winding, Among them: the stator core, armature winding, rotor core and radially excited excitation winding form at least two double salient pole single structures arranged in the axial direction, and the axial magnetic back iron of the stator provides the axial magnetic circuit for the stator core, The axially magnetized permanent magnetic steel is embedded in the stator axial magnetic back iron between adjacent double salient pole structures, and the armature winding is wound on the teeth of the stator core.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. Since the permanent magnet and the excitation winding are used as the excitation source together, the excitation efficiency is high, and the excitation field is easy to adjust.

2. The torque ripple can be reduced by staggering the angle between the chute of each unit or the units.

3. The corresponding excitation combination mode can be selected according to different application occasions, with flexible application and wide application range.

Description of drawings

Figure 1(a) is a schematic structural diagram of an axially excited hybrid excitation double-salient pole motor equipped with axially magnetized permanent magnet steel and an axially excited winding; Figure 1(b) is a schematic diagram of the A-A cross-sectional structure of Figure 1(a) ; Figure 1 (c) is a schematic diagram of the B-B cross-sectional magnetic circuit of Figure 1 (a).

Figure 2(a) is a schematic structural diagram of an axially excited hybrid excitation double salient pole motor equipped with an axially excited winding; Figure 2(b) is a schematic diagram of the C-C cross-sectional structure of Figure 2(a); Figure 2(c) is a diagram 2(a) Schematic diagram of the D-D cross-sectional magnetic circuit.

Figure 3(a) is a schematic structural diagram of an axially excited hybrid excitation double salient pole motor equipped with axially magnetized permanent magnet steel; Figure 3(b) is a schematic diagram of the E-E cross-sectional structure of Figure 3(a); Figure 3(c ) is a schematic diagram of the F-F cross-sectional magnetic circuit in Figure 3(a).

Label names in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3: 1. Stator core; 2. Armature winding; 3. Rotor core; 4. Stator axial magnetic back iron; 5. Rotary shaft; 6. (Axial) field winding ; 7. Axially magnetized permanent magnets; 8. Tangentially magnetized permanent magnets; 9. Radially excited field windings.

Detailed ways

As shown in Fig. 1 (a) ~ (c), a kind of axial excitation hybrid excitation double salient pole motor structure of the present invention is equipped with axial magnetization permanent magnet steel and axial excitation winding at the same time, comprises stator iron core 1, Armature winding 2, rotor core 3, stator axial magnetically conductive back iron 4, rotating shaft 5, field winding 6 and axially magnetized permanent magnet 7, wherein: consists of stator core 1, armature winding 2 and rotor core 3 At least two double-salient pole single structures arranged in the axial direction, the rotor core 3 is installed on the rotating shaft 5, the stator axial magnetic back iron 4 provides an axial magnetic circuit for the stator core 1, and the excitation winding 6 is wound on the adjacent double On the stator axial magnetization back iron 4 between the salient pole single structures, the axially magnetized permanent magnet steel 7 is embedded in the stator axial magnetization back iron 4 between the adjacent double salient pole single structures, and the armature The winding 2 is wound on the teeth of the stator core 1 .

As shown in Figure 2(a)~(c), the structure of an axial excitation hybrid excitation double salient pole motor equipped with an axial excitation winding of the present invention includes a stator core 1, an armature winding 2, and a rotor core 3 , stator axial magnetization back iron 4, rotating shaft 5, field winding 6 and non-axially magnetized permanent magnet 8, wherein: consists of stator core 1, armature winding 2, rotor core 3 and non-axially magnetized permanent magnet 8 At least two double-salient pole single structures arranged in the axial direction, the rotor core 3 is installed on the rotating shaft 5, the stator axial magnetic back iron 4 provides an axial magnetic circuit for the stator core 1, and the excitation winding 6 is wound on the adjacent double The stator axial magnetization back iron 4 between the salient pole single structures, and the armature winding 2 is wound on the teeth of the stator core 1 . The non-axially magnetized permanent magnet 8 is embedded between the stator core 1 and the stator axial magnetically conductive back iron 4 .

As shown in Figure 3(a)~(c), an axial excitation hybrid excitation double salient pole motor structure equipped with axially magnetized permanent magnet steel of the present invention includes a stator core 1, an armature winding 2, a rotor Iron core 3, stator axial magnetization back iron 4, rotating shaft 5, axially magnetized permanent magnet steel 7 and radially excited field winding 9, wherein: stator core 1, armature winding 2, rotor core 3 and radial The excited field winding 9 forms at least two double salient pole monomer structures arranged in the axial direction, the rotor core 3 is installed on the rotating shaft 5, the stator axially magnetically conductive back iron 4 provides the axial magnetic circuit for the stator core 1, and the axially magnetized The permanent magnetic steel 7 is embedded in the stator axial magnetic back iron 4 between adjacent double salient pole single structures, and the armature winding 2 is wound on the teeth of the stator core 1 .

The armature windings 2 on the corresponding teeth of the double salient pole single structure in the above three types of motors can be wound in series or individually; the salient pole stator core 1 is made of laminated silicon steel sheets; the adjacent double convex poles The salient pole stator core 1 of the single-pole structure is provided with an axial magnetically conductive back iron 4, which guides the axial permanent magnetic potential or the axial electric excitation magnetic potential into the radial air gap.

When the present invention is equipped with axial magnetization permanent magnet steel and axial excitation winding simultaneously, do not need the field winding (radial direction) of conventional electric excitation double salient pole motor or the conventional permanent magnet double salient pole in the doubly salient pole single structure The permanent magnet (tangential magnetization or radial magnetization) of motor; or radial magnetization); when the present invention is equipped with only axial magnetization permanent magnets, the radial field winding of conventional electric excitation double salient pole motors is arranged in the double salient pole single structure.

In each doubly salient pole structure, there are both the magnetic potential generated by the permanent magnet and the magnetic potential generated by the electric excitation winding, and the magnetic potential of at least one pair of poles is provided by the axial excitation source. The current direction of the excitation winding and the polarity of the permanent magnet are set so that the excitation polarity of the stator teeth changes once every m×n (m is the number of phases, n is a positive integer) in the single structure. In addition, the rotor cores in each monolithic structure can be staggered or have a skewed slot structure to reduce cogging torque or obtain an optimized potential waveform.

The axial excitation hybrid excitation double salient pole motor of the present invention can be used as a generator or as a motor. The excitation magnetic circuits of the three motors are analyzed below.

In the three motors shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, and Figure 3, the magnetic circuit of the axial excitation source is: starting from the N pole of the magnetic potential generated by an excitation winding or a permanent magnet, passing through the axial magnetic back iron of the stator, and entering The stator core with a single structure enters the main air gap, passes through the rotor core, the opposite main air gap, and then passes through the stator core and the stator axial magnetic back iron to return to the magnetic potential S pole generated by the opposite field winding or permanent magnet.

In the motor shown in Figure 2, the magnetic circuit provided by the tangentially magnetized permanent magnet is: starting from the N pole of the permanent magnet, entering the main air gap through the stator core, passing through the rotor core, entering the main air gap, and then returning to the main air gap through the stator core. The permanent magnet S pole.

In the motor shown in Figure 3, the magnetic circuit provided by the field winding magnetic potential is: starting from the stator core, entering the main air gap, passing through the rotor core, entering the main air gap, and returning to the stator core.

Therefore, for the axially excited hybrid excitation double salient pole motor of the present invention, the relationship between the axially excited permanent magnets or the axially excited field windings is a series magnetic potential relationship, so that two adjacent double salient poles The magnetic circuits under some poles of the monomer structure form a series relationship. But for a single structure, the magnetic circuits formed by various excitation sources are independent of each other.

In the present invention, each double salient pole monomer structure can have the same or different stator and rotor pole numbers. When the stator and rotor pole numbers of each monomer structure are the same, the armature windings on the corresponding stator poles of each monomer structure are connected in series. connect.

Claims (3)

1. An axial excitation hybrid excitation double salient pole motor, including stator core (1), armature winding (2), rotor core (3), stator axial magnetization back iron (4), rotating shaft (5), The field winding (6) and the axially magnetized permanent magnet (7) are characterized in that at least two axially arranged Double salient pole single structure, the stator axial magnetic back iron (4) provides an axial magnetic circuit for the stator core (1), and the field winding (6) is wound on the stator axial guide between adjacent double salient pole single structures On the magnetic back iron (4), the axially magnetized permanent magnet steel (7) is embedded in the axially magnetically conductive back iron (4) of the stator between adjacent double salient pole structures, and the armature winding (2) is wound Made on the teeth of the stator core (1). 2. The axial excitation hybrid excitation double salient pole motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the armature winding (2) is wound in series or individually. 3 . The axially excited hybrid excitation double salient pole motor according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the rotor cores ( 3 ) in the double salient pole single structure are staggered with each other or adopt a chute structure. 4 .

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