CN1020048C - Analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil - Google Patents
Analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN1020048C CN1020048C CN 90108930 CN90108930A CN1020048C CN 1020048 C CN1020048 C CN 1020048C CN 90108930 CN90108930 CN 90108930 CN 90108930 A CN90108930 A CN 90108930A CN 1020048 C CN1020048 C CN 1020048C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an instrument for measuring the water content in crude oil by utilizing a method that the absorption intensity of oil and water in an oil pipe for rays is different. The present invention aims to lead the measuring accuracy for crude oil whose water content is from 0 to 100% to be consistent, and simultaneously measure the average density and the water content. A low energy photon source is used for irradiating a silver sheet in a source chamber, and a ray which has two groups of energy is obtained. A sensor leads the ray absorbed by oil and water to be changed into an electrical pulse signal. Through identification of a pulse height analyzer and technical treatment of a stable energy spectrum peak position, ND and NG which are the intensity of the ray which has two groups of energy are respectively obtained. According to two formulas, the water content K, the average density rho and other parameters are calculated by a computer.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of physical property and come the instrument of analyse crude oil water percentage, relate to a kind of instrument that utilizes oil and water the strong and weak diverse ways of the absorption of ray to be measured crude oil water content or rather by means of mensuration crude oil.
In order to satisfy the requirement in the crude oil production, to in the moisture scope of 0-100%, carry out online bearing analysis to oil, gas, water three-phase commingled crude, Chinese patent application CN86105543 " automatic water ratio-monitoring instrument for crude oil ", utilize oil and water that the strong and weak diverse ways of the absorption of χ ray is measured crude oil water content, adopt the instrument of this measuring method, mainly comprise the χ radiographic source of emitting particular energy to oil pipeline; By the probe that sodium iodide crystal and photomultiplier constitute, one of every acceptance χ ray after crude oil absorbs in oil pipeline sends once flash of light and the χ ray signal is converted to electric impulse signal; Amplify the ultra-weak electronic signal of probe output by amplifier; Screen the power of the electric signal of amplifier output, write down the single channel pulse height analyzer of needed electric signal; The record electric signal also by formula calculates data computing machines such as crude oil water content; The high and low pressure power supply of required power supply is provided for measuring system.
The problem of above-mentioned " automatic water ratio-monitoring instrument for crude oil " is: can only survey the volumetric water content of medium with americium source direct irradiation medium (i.e. oil, gas, water three-phase mixture), when containing rock gas gas in the mixed liquor, will increase measuring error; Owing to be sampling and measuring, require the medium mixed liquor of surveying to stir, thereby will on the oil pipeline of upstream, flight be installed, high water-content crude oil is difficult to stir, also influenced measuring accuracy; In calculating the formula of water percentage,, especially increase to 80% when above when water percentage because substitution is the approximate value of mixed liquor density, thereby can not guarantee the identical measuring accuracy in the 0-100% measurement of water ratio scope.
The objective of the invention is to fundamentally solve the profit complex state to measuring all difficulties that wet oil brings, in the measurement of water ratio scope of 0-100%, measuring accuracy is all consistent, measurement result is not influenced by oil product, and measure average density value ρ and water percentage K(volume cumulative water-oil ratio simultaneously), (K/ ρ) can obtain the weight cumulative water-oil ratio according to volume cumulative water-oil ratio/average density.
The measuring principle of utilization of the present invention is to adopt the low-energy photon source irradiation measured matter with certain intensity, only relevant through the light intensity after the medium absorption with the water percentage and the average density of medium, these photon number that changing with instrument measurement, the average density and the water percentage of, gas fuel-displaced with the computing machine computing, water three-phase mixed liquor go out data or demonstrate data by display with printer prints again.
The embodiment of the invention adopts americium-241
241Two silver strips of Am low-energy photon source irradiation or circular cone silver strip obtain the gamma-rays of 22Kev and the gamma-rays of 50Kev, obtain having two kinds of energy-rays
241The low-energy photon source of Am-Ag can be measured the average density and the water percentage of Oil, Water, Gas three-phase mixture simultaneously.
Describe technology of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil block diagram.
Accompanying drawing 2 is an analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil source cell structure synoptic diagram.
The frame structure of analyser is referring to Fig. 1,1 was oil-piping, 2 promptly pop one's head in for the Sensor section of instrument, the change transitions that will flow through the transmitted intensity that variation caused of the average density of medium of pipeline 1 and water percentage is the variation of the counting rate of electric pulse, probe 2 comprises low-energy photon source 21 that is positioned at pipeline 1 one sides and the low energy gamma detector 22 that is positioned at pipeline 1 opposite side, low energy gamma detector 22 is by sodium iodide crystal 221, photoconduction 222, photomultiplier 223, measurement window 224 and prime amplifier 225 are formed.
In the vitriol chamber of crossing oil-piping one side, americium-241 low-energy photon source, a circular cone silver strip (or two silver strip) and a collimating apparatus are housed, around the source, are added with enough thick lead shield layer, so that all rays are kept off, the americium source
241The main photon of Am emission is the gamma-rays of energy 59.5Kev and the χ ray of energy 11.9～22.3Kev, energy is the photon that its silver strip on every side of radiation gamma of 59.5Kev obtains two kinds of energy, these two groups of photons shone on the low energy gamma detector 22 of oil-piping opposite side after being absorbed by the medium in the mistake oil-piping by collimating apparatus, were that every bundle photon conversion becomes electric pulse with ray.And
241The χ ray of 11.9～22.3Kev of Am low-energy photon source can not inspire K on silver
χRay.
Cable of conversion road 3(that the electric pulse that is produced by two groups of rays is delivered to instrument from transducing part (probe) through cable not only the conducted electricity source but also the pulse that conducts electricity are changed so need to change the road).Electric impulse signal is from 3 outputs of conversion road, amplify through pulse amplifier 4, and, comprise the single track D that measures the χ ray and measure gamma-ray single track G, discriminated union taking-up useful signal through two single-channel analyzers selection shapings, send in the computing machine 7, calculate by formula of the present invention, computing machine is sampled automatically to data p.s., and computing once, guaranteed crossing the fluid density that changing rapidly in the oil-piping and the tracking of water percentage, thereby improved the precision of kinetic measurement.
Because water in oil analyzer of the present invention energising use at the scene continuously for a long time, along with time, variation of temperature, nature can cause the slow variation of Instrument working state.The output voltage of the gain of the luminescence efficiency of sodium iodide crystal, photomultiplier and pulse amplifier, high-voltage power supply and measure the χ ray and gamma-ray threshold value etc. for example, float with temperature when the capital takes place and float, these factors will produce harmful effect to the measuring accuracy of instrument.The net result of above-mentioned many variations factor is the variation that causes the peak position variation of two kinds of ray energy spectrums and cause the counting rate of two groups of measured rays, thereby the power spectrum peak position that must take in force to stablize two groups of rays from steady measure is called for short " steady peak " or makes measurement χ ray and gamma-ray " threshold value " change abbreviation " threshold is followed " along with the variation of their power spectrum peak position.Thereby guarantee the stable of two kinds of measured radiation meter digit rates, promptly guaranteed the measuring accuracy of instrument stabilizer.
" steady peak " or the method for " threshold is followed " used always include: adopt steady peak single track, promptly measure each method with a steady peak single track of χ ray and gamma-rays; Adopt computer controlled automatic, utilize the steady peak of steady peak single track or Automatic Control Theory that threshold is followed to give and come from steady signal by computing machine; Adopt multichannel pulse scope-analyzer to survey the method for power spectrum, measure the spectrum curve of two groups of rays towards amplitude analyzer, calculate the intensity NG and the ND of two kinds of rays after absorbing through medium again by spectrum curve as 256 autolytes.
Average density ρ and water percentage K by the medium that passed through oil-piping 2 of COMPUTER CALCULATION gained, the umber of pulse of the expression flow that provides according to the flowmeter signal transmitter again, calculate by crossing the water yield of oil-piping, oil mass and total liquid measure, result of calculation can be printed on the paper tape by printer 8 in the time interval on demand.
High-voltage power supply 9 provides high-voltage power supply for the photomultiplier of sensor 2, and 10 provide working power for analyser.
Accompanying drawing 2 is an analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil source cell structure synoptic diagram.21 is low-energy photon source americium-241,11 is the holder source tray, and 12 is conical silver strip (or two silver strip), and 13 is collimating apparatus, on collimating aperture 14 is arranged, the direction of collimating aperture and silver strip angle at 45,26 is the measurement window between oil pipeline and chamber, source.The energy of in americium-241 source is 59.5Kev, on the thick conical silver strip or two silver strip of irradiation 0.5mm, on silver, take place the scattering of health spectrum, and that part of gamma-rays by collimating apparatus, its energy is about 50Kev.The Kx ray energy that inspires on silver atoms is the K shell that 22Kev(K represents atom, and the K of silver absorbs and is limited to 25.517Kev), gamma-rays on the process collimating apparatus about the 50Kev of collimating aperture and the χ radiation exposure of 22Kev are to measured matter.
Described pair of silver strip is two onesize rectangle fine silver sheets, at an angle of 90 jack-up come mutually, covers on the center then symmetrically and is placed with on the disc collimating apparatus of americium-241 low-energy photon source, as shown in Figure 2.Described conical silver strip is the fine silver plate that is rolled into the thick 0.5mm of taper shape (umbrella shape) through processing, covers on the center symmetrically and is placed with on the disc collimating apparatus of americium-241 low-energy photon source, and 90 ° of circular cone silver strip drift angles, two base angles are 45 °.
The effect of measurement window 26 is to make ray pass transmittance plate easily on the one hand, blocks measurement window on the other hand and prevents that crude oil from flowing out, and also be the oil separating plate of oil-piping both sides.Available technology adopting metal cry loudly sheet, but cry loudly sheet costliness is poisonous, because oil resistant aqueous corrosion ability is relatively poor, also must be at its topped certain thickness anti-corrosion material in surface, the present invention adopts a kind of engineering plastics-polyimide piece, and low price comprises that to lower energy photon the transmissivity of the χ ray of the γ ray of 50Kev and 22Kev reaches more than 97%, the oil resistant aqueous corrosion is good, and wear-resistant compressive property and life-span all are better than the cry loudly sheet.
The average density ρ of calculating Oil, Water, Gas three-phase mixture provided by the present invention and the computing formula of water percentage K are:
ρ＝F1·1n NGO/NG-F2·1n NDO/ND …（1）
K＝F3·1n NDO/ND-F4·ρ ……（2）
In the formula, NGO, NDO are respectively media when being air, the intensity of gamma-ray intensity of 50Kev and 22Kev χ ray.NG, ND are respectively through the 50Kev gamma intensity after the medium absorption and the intensity of 22Kev χ ray.F1, F2, F3, F4 are respectively the constant that material thickness that oil, water passed gamma-ray mass absorption coefficient and the ray of 50Kev mass absorption coefficient and oil, the water of 22Kev χ ray is determined.
In the formula parameter except that NG, ND along with the variation of the average density of medium and water percentage K and changing, remaining is constant, as long as measure NG and ND, just can calculate ρ and K.Only use formula (1) also the present invention can be made into the densitometer of robotization.
The used scintillator of this analysis instrument probe is sodium iodide Na I (TL) crystal, photoelectric effect when absorbing energy (33.2Kev) greater than the K of iodine, the energy of incident ray takes place, produce feature χ ray (energy is 28Kev), if this effect occur in plane of crystal near, the probability of feature χ ray escape is just considerable so, this makes and produces another peak than the little 28Kev of full energy peak in the power spectrum, it is escape peak, and the gamma-ray escape peak of 50Kev just in time overlaps with 22Kev χ ray peak, if the bore of crossing oil-piping of water-containing machine is increased, the dielectric thickness that then ray passed increases, because medium is to the mass absorption coefficient difference of different-energy ray (22Kev χ ray big, 50Kev is gamma-ray little), so when having served as the water percentage of oil-piping medium and having increased, because it is few that the 22Kev χ number of rays of being left after the process medium absorbs increases significantly, at this moment, the gamma-ray escape peak of 50Kev shared ratio in 22Kev χ ray peak increases significantly.Therefore when measuring high water-content crude oil, correctly handling gamma-ray escape peak is a key problem in technology.
The present invention adopts and put suitably thick sheet metal between the sodium iodide crystal of low-energy photon source and detector, the χ ray is all kept off, measure the gamma-rays power spectrum of scattering on the silver strip this moment, because the overlapping of the gamma-ray escape peak of 50Kev and 22Kev χ ray peak, so the gamma-ray escape peak of 50Kev to the scale-up factor of full energy peak is:
N escapes=and N escapes/and N is all-round ... (3)
In the formula, N escapes the counting into escape peak in the power spectrum, N all can be the counting of full energy peak in the power spectrum, the present invention is before analyser formally is used for measuring, at first by formula (3) are measured the gamma-ray escape peak of 50Kev the scale-up factor n of full energy peak are escaped, and low-energy peak counting that just records during to actual measurement by this scale-up factor and high energy peak are counted and revised then.
If the low-energy peak of actual measurement counting is surveyed for ND, high energy peak counting is surveyed for NG, and ND in formula (1), (2) and NG will pass through the correction of following formula (4), (5):
ND=ND survey-n escapes NG and surveys ... (4)
NG=NG survey+n escapes NG and surveys ... (5)
The present invention is owing to take a water percentage of measuring mixed liquor in the density measured value substitution water percentage formula (2) of oil, water mixed liquid, so in the measurement of water ratio scope of 0-100%, measuring accuracy is all the same, and measuring accuracy has nothing to do with oil product.
Again since the present invention when measuring water percentage, also therefore the density measurement value, not only can provide the volume cumulative water-oil ratio of crude oil, also can provide the weight cumulative water-oil ratio, just not being afraid of in measurement has gas to exist, and also can guarantee measuring accuracy.
Claims (3)
1, a kind of analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil, comprise that medium in oil pipeline (Oil, Water, Gas three-phase mixture) emits the radiographic source chamber of particular energy, ray of every acceptance sends the sensor of being made up of measurement window, sodium iodide crystal, photomultiplier and prime amplifier that once glistens and be converted to electric impulse signal, differentiate the pulse height analyzer of pulse amplitude, recording pulse signal and the by formula computing machine of computational analysis crude oil water containing situation and the equipment of demonstration or print data is characterized in that:
1) described radiographic source is indoor conical silver strip or a two silver strip, uses
The Am low-energy photon source ' two silver strips of irradiation or conical silver strip, obtain to have two kinds of energy-rays of gamma-rays of the % ray of 22Kev and 50Kev
Am-Ag low-energy photon source ';
2) pulse height analyzer of described discriminating pulse voltage amplitude adopts the method stablize the power spectrum peak position or threshold value following intensity ND and NG that method that the power spectrum peak position changes is stably measured two groups of energy-rays after the medium absorption;
3) formula of described computational analysis crude oil water containing situation is;
The average density of Oil, Water, Gas three-phase mixture
ρ=F1·lnNGO/NG-F2·lnNDO/ND
The water percentage of Oil, Water, Gas three-phase mixture is the volume cumulative water-oil ratio
K=F3·lnNDO/ND-F4·ρ
F1, F2, F3, F4 are respectively the constant that material thickness that oil, water passed gamma-ray mass absorption coefficient and the ray of 50Kev mass absorption coefficient and oil, the water of 22Kev% ray is determined in the formula, NGO, NDO are respectively media when being air, 50Kev gamma intensity and 22Kev% transmitted intensity.
2, a kind of analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the average density ρ of described computational analysis crude oil water containing situation and the ND in water percentage K two formula and NG obtain the gamma-ray escape peak of 50Kev the scale-up factor n of full energy peak is escaped through measure the gamma-rays power spectrum of scattering on the silver strip after placing sheet metal between low-energy photon source chamber and sensor sodium iodide crystal, and in view of the above the NG of actual measurement is surveyed and the ND survey is passed through
ND=ND survey-n escapes NG and surveys
NG=NG survey+n escapes NG and surveys
Correction obtains.
3, a kind of analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that the measurement window (transmittance plate, oil separating plate) between described radiographic source chamber, sensor and oil pipeline is a polyimide piece.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90108930 CN1020048C (en) | 1990-11-08 | 1990-11-08 | Analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90108930 CN1020048C (en) | 1990-11-08 | 1990-11-08 | Analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1050769A CN1050769A (en) | 1991-04-17 |
| CN1020048C true CN1020048C (en) | 1993-03-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN 90108930 Expired - Fee Related CN1020048C (en) | 1990-11-08 | 1990-11-08 | Analyzer of water content in low-energy crude oil |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1035688C (en) * | 1993-06-16 | 1997-08-20 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Automatic air/water content gauge for crude oil |
| GB0309385D0 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2003-06-04 | Cxr Ltd | X-ray monitoring |
| US7949101B2 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2011-05-24 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray scanners and X-ray sources therefor |
| US8223919B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2012-07-17 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray tomographic inspection systems for the identification of specific target items |
| US8243876B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2012-08-14 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray scanners |
| GB0525593D0 (en) | 2005-12-16 | 2006-01-25 | Cxr Ltd | X-ray tomography inspection systems |
| US8837669B2 (en) | 2003-04-25 | 2014-09-16 | Rapiscan Systems, Inc. | X-ray scanning system |
| CN104373121B (en) * | 2014-11-12 | 2017-10-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A downhole ray-type water cut monitor |
| JP6595379B2 (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2019-10-23 | 富士電機株式会社 | Piping sorting device, piping sorting method and piping positioning system |
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1990
- 1990-11-08 CN CN 90108930 patent/CN1020048C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN1050769A (en) | 1991-04-17 |
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