CN1019914C - Wear-resistant cast iron - Google Patents
Wear-resistant cast iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN1019914C CN1019914C CN 90101918 CN90101918A CN1019914C CN 1019914 C CN1019914 C CN 1019914C CN 90101918 CN90101918 CN 90101918 CN 90101918 A CN90101918 A CN 90101918A CN 1019914 C CN1019914 C CN 1019914C
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- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 56
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 27
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 20
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 13
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108010038629 Molybdoferredoxin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Fe].[Mo] Chemical compound [Fe].[Mo] HBELESVMOSDEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015136 FeMn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052777 Praseodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N hydrocortisone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@]2(C)[C@H]3[C@@H](O)C[C@](C)([C@@](CC4)(O)C(=O)CO)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 JYGXADMDTFJGBT-VWUMJDOOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001349 ledeburite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005997 Calcium carbide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019589 Cr—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018619 Si-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910008289 Si—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001037 White iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960000890 hydrocortisone Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N praseodymium atom Chemical compound [Pr] PUDIUYLPXJFUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007528 sand casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011863 silicon-based powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-[2-[2-[2-[bis[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]amino]-5-bromophenoxy]ethoxy]-4-methyl-n-[2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]-2-oxoethyl]anilino]acetate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)C(OCCOC=2C(=CC=C(Br)C=2)N(CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=C1 CLZWAWBPWVRRGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention belongs to wear resistant cast iron which is suitable for pipeline products. The present invention provides wear resistant cast iron which is composed of the following components: 3.0 to 3.6% of C, 0.8 to 1.5% of Si, 0.6 to 1.2% of Mn, 2.5 to 3.5% of Cr, 1.0 to 2.0% of Ni, 1.0 to 2.0% of Mo, 0.02 to 0.05% of RE, 0.03 to 0.06% of Mg, smaller than 0.1% of impurity P, smaller than 0.06% of impurity S, and Fe as the rest. In order to enhance the forming ability and lower the cost of the material, wear resistant cast iron with an added Cu element and reduced content of Ni and Mo is provided. The present invention which has the advantages of good formability, high hardness and good wear-resistant performance can work in extremely bad conditions and can be widely applied to ash transfer systems of thermal power plants and other industrial transfer pipelines.
Description
The invention belongs to a kind of cast iron alloy that is applicable to duct products.
Japanese kokai publication sho 55-107757 number, it has related to a kind of from chemical ingredients antifriction cast iron related to the present invention, and the formation of its chemical ingredients is that carbon is 3.4～3.9%, and silicon is 0.2～1.0%, manganese is 0.2～0.8%, nickel is 3.0～5.0%, and molybdenum is 0.2～0.8%, and chromium is 1.3～2.2%, phosphorus is below 0.06%, sulphur is that magnesium and rare-earth element cerium etc. adds up to 0.015～0.05% below 0.03%, and all the other are iron.This patented material is applicable to high strength anti wearing and tearing composite roll, and for roll, its shell is chill material, though the hardness height, wear resisting property is good, and intensity is low, poor toughness, and its intensity and toughness are born by core material.And the material of cast-iron pipe of the present invention, it not only requires the hardness height, and wear resisting property is good, requires to have certain intensity and toughness again.
For chemical ingredients carbon, carbon content is high more, the carbide of material is many more, can improve hardness and wear resisting property though carbide is many more, but the intensity of material and toughness are poor more, if want to improve the intensity and the toughness of material, should select lower carbon amount for use, in order to prevent to reduce wear resisting property, can add the chromium of higher amount.
For chemical ingredients silicon, it is to promote graphite element, and the content of silicon increases, and can reduce the hardness and the wear resistance of material, and not only deoxidation is insufficient when the content of silicon is less than 0.8%, and the material forming ability is poor, smelts difficulty, raises the cost.If want to improve the forming ability of material and reduce production costs, can improve the content of silicon, add the chromium of more content again, the chromium carbide of formation is more, and material also still can keep the hardness height, and wear resisting property is good.
For chemical ingredients manganese, if adopt high manganese content, except that in and the detrimental impurity sulphur, not only the material deoxidation is abundant for remaining manganese, and a large amount of manganese can generate (FeMn)
3C type carbide, this carbide compares Fe
3The C stable strong can improve the hardness and the wear resistance of material.
For chemical ingredients chromium, it is the important element in the antifriction cast iron, can improve intensity, hardness, resistance toheat, the wear resisting property of material and the ability of hardening.If improve the content of chromium, just can increase carbide content in the material, chromium can form the M of disperse
3C and M
7The C carbide, the microhardness of these carbide very high (HV1700～1900), thus can improve the hardness and the wear resistance of material greatly.
For chemical ingredients nickel, it can improve hardness, toughness and the wear resistance of material.But nickel is rare noble element, if the content of restriction nickel can be given full play to nickel, molybdenum, copper, the coefficient good result of chromium, can reduce production costs again.
For the chemical ingredients molybdenum, it is typical carbide forming element, if improve molybdenum content, can give full play to the advantageous effect of molybdenum, improves intensity, hardness and the wear resistance of material.
Antifriction cast iron processability in the past is poor, can not produce large complicated duct products, can produce hot tearing, cold cracking, serious brittle failure; It generally is to be used for the production structure part, the mechanical property (as toughness and impact value) of material is had certain restriction, so wear resistance is lower.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to make a kind of antifriction cast iron that is applicable to pipeline.It not only has the hardness height, and wear resisting property is good, can bear high hardness particle medium high speed erosive wear well; Simultaneously have certain intensity and toughness again, can bear the high speed impact power and the bending resistance of granule medium.
The component content of antifriction cast iron of the present invention (weight %) is:
Carbon C is 3.0～3.6, and silicon Si is 0.8～1.5, and manganese Mn is 0.6～1.2, and chromium Cr is 2.5～3.5, and nickel is 1.0～2.0, and molybdenum Mo is 1.0～2.0, and rare earth RE is 0.02～0.05, and magnesium Mg is 0.03～0.06, foreign matter of phosphor P＜0.1, and sulphur S＜0.06, surplus is Fe.
Preferable component content of the present invention (weight %) is:
C3.1～3.25, Si1.1～1.3, Mn0.9～1.1, Cr2.8～3.2, Ni1.2～1.5, Mo1.2～1.5, RE0.02～0.05, Mg0.03～0.06, P＜0.1, S＜0.06, surplus is Fe.
The present invention has taked interpolation elemental copper Cu for forming ability that improves material and the cost that reduces product, reduces the measure of the content of nickel and molybdenum.The component content (weight %) of the antifriction cast iron that contains the Cu element involved in the present invention is:
C0.3～3.6, Si0.8～1.5, Mn0.6～1.2, Cr1.5～2.5, Ni0.5～1.0, Mo0.5～1.0, Cu1.0～2.0, RE0.02～0.05, Mg0.03～0.06, P＜0.1, S＜0.6, surplus is Fe.
The preferable component content (weight %) that contains the Cu antifriction cast iron is:
C3.1～3.25, Si1.1～1.3, Mn:0.9～1.1, Cr1.8～2.2, Ni0.5～0.7, Mo0.5～0.7, Cu1.4～1.7, RE0.02～0.05, Mg0.03～0.06, P＜0.1, S＜0.06, surplus is Fe.
To describe the reason of the bound of the effect of every kind of chemical ingredients and selected each component content below in detail.Institute's mandatory declaration here be that reason that each composition upper and lower limit is chosen is the effect that the effect of totally working in coordination at a kind of antifriction cast iron ingredient is produced.
When selecting the chemical ingredients of antifriction cast iron, must be according to two conditions, the one, the content of carbide, kind and shape; The 2nd, the adjustment of matrix is not contained pearlitic suitable tissue after making as cast condition or thermal treatment, and control hardening capacity.
1, carbon C:
What of carbon content directly influence the content of carbide in the material, carbide content how much, directly have influence on intensity, toughness, hardness and the wear resistance of material.Carbon content is higher, and carbide the more can improve wear resistance, but the fragility increase in the big occasion use of surging force, from the toughness consideration of material, should be controlled carbon content.The hardness and the carbon content that facts have proved material are not the simple proportional relations, but a curved line relation, peak value is in eutectic composition district.For purposes of the invention, carbon content is to wear resistance and all influential principal element of toughness, but they have opposite direction again, and carbon content increases, and wear resistance improves, but toughness linearly descends.When carbon content was lower than lower limit 3.0%, the content of carbide reduced, though can improve the intensity and the toughness of material, hardness is lower, and wear resisting property is poor; When if carbon content is higher than the upper limit 3.6%, can improve the content of carbide, improve the hardness and the wear resistance of material, but intensity is low, poor toughness, when producing cast-iron pipe, produce hot tearing, cold cracking, brittle failure etc.
2, silicon Si:
Silicon is to promote graphite element strongly, increasing silicon content may impel heavv section to produce perlite, simultaneously can reduce the through hardening ability again, easily make and sneak into perlite in the martensitic stucture, thereby deterioration wear resistance, if want to improve carbide content in the material, improve hardness and wear resistance, should reduce silicon content as far as possible.If silicone content is when being lower than lower limit 0.8%, the starting material silicon content is required very low among the present invention, bring difficulty to production, and improved the cost of product; If when silicone content is higher than the upper limit 1.5%, can promote greying, produce a large amount of perlite in the material, reduced hardness and wear resistance, also reduced the intensity and the toughness of material simultaneously.
3, manganese Mn:
Manganese is one and hinders graphite element.In cast iron manganese content in and after the harmful element sulphur when having a surplus, can play the stable carbide effect, in refinement with stablize the pearlitic while, also have the effect that suppresses perlite formation.When manganese when content is higher in cast iron, form Mn
3C type carbide, in white pig iron with (FeMn)
3C type carbide pattern exists, and these carbide compare Fe
3C is stable, firm, and then improves the hardness and the wear resistance of material.In the present invention, if manganese content is when being lower than lower limit 0.6%, last deficiency during manganese removes and behind the deleterious effect of sulphur can make deoxidation insufficient, also can not show the favourable influence of manganese simultaneously; When manganese content is higher than the upper limit 1.2%, the lumpiness of carbide is increased, and distribute and also can worsen (being the successive net distribution) along crystal boundary, intensity, toughness, the wear resistance of material are reduced.
4, phosphorus P:
Phosphorus can reduce the fusing point and the eutectic temperature of cast iron, improves the flowability of molten iron, improves castability.Though phosphide can improve the hardness and the wear resistance of material, can make material produce cold shortness, and the toughness of material is sharply descended, so phosphorus generally is the harmful element in the cast iron.Upper content limit should be controlled, and is low if phosphorus content limited, and can cause the remarkable increase of product cost.The present invention requires the content of phosphorus less than 0.1%.
5, sulphur S:
Sulphur is the harmful element in the cast iron, and a spot of sulphur just can generate compound F 17-hydroxy-corticosterone eS or MnS, makes foundry goods produce dreg defect; Sulphur also can reduce the molten iron flowability; Can also slacken spheroidization, so sulphur content is few more good more, but in metal charge and fuel, all contains certain sulfur content, remove difficulty, low if content limited, can cause the remarkable increase of product cost.The present invention requires the content of sulphur less than 0.06%.
6, chromium Cr:
Chromium is to hinder graphite element, and has the effect of stable and refine pearlite.Chromium is the important element of antifriction cast iron, and it can improve intensity, hardness, wear resistance, thermotolerance and the through hardening ability of material significantly.When carbon content one timing, along with the increase of chromium content, the carbide amount also increases, and forms the M of disperse
3C and M
7C
3Carbide (M represents the carbide generting element, and MxCy represents carbide), the microhardness of these carbide very high (HV1700～1900), thus can improve the hardness and the wear resisting property of material greatly.In the present invention, if the content of chromium is lower than lower limit 2.5%(and contains Cu cast iron lower limit 1.5%) time, can not get the tissue of complete chill, have fine pearlite, then material hardness is low, wears no resistance; If chromium content is higher than upper limit 3.5%(and contains Cu cast iron 2.5%) time, though the hardness height of material, wear resisting property is good, the poor toughness of material, and it is serious easily to produce hot tearing, cold cracking, brittle failure.
7, nickel:
Nickel can thinning microstructure, improves the dispersity of white cast iron Medium pearlite, and can form the martensite of high rigidity, thereby improves hardness, toughness and the wear resistance of material.Nickel is again the element of stable austenite, can hinder pearlitic transformation.If increase the content of nickel, just can obtain martensite during as cast condition, can improve the wear resistance of material greatly.Contain Cu cast iron 0.5% when the content of nickel is lower than lower limit 1.0%(in the present invention) time, be unfavorable for improving the intensity and the toughness of material; If nickel content is higher than upper limit 2.0%(and contains Cu cast iron 1.0%) time, though favourable to the performance that improves material, can improve the cost of product greatly because of the valency height.
8, molybdenum Mo:
Molybdenum is a perlite stable element very doughtily, can thinning microstructure, can improve pearlitic dispersity again.Molybdenum is again a carbide forming element, and the increase of molybdenum amount can improve the content of carbide.Molybdenum may be dissolved in M
7C
3In the carbide, can also solid solution in M
3Among the C, can strengthen matrix greatly, and microstructure has the eutectic carbides of more disperse, along with increasing of chromium content in the cast iron, this influence is more remarkable, and this can improve hardness, toughness and the wear resistance of material, can improve the forming ability of material simultaneously again.Among the present invention, contain Cu cast iron 0.5% when molybdenum content is lower than lower limit 1.0%() time, the advantageous effect performance of molybdenum is not obvious; When molybdenum during at content of the present invention, can make austenitic transformation become perlite to be suppressed significantly, and be transformed into acicular structure for it, the cast iron of this matrix has very high strength, toughness and wear resistance, also can improve the heat resistance of material greatly; Contain Cu cast iron 1.0% when molybdenum content is higher than 2.0%() time, the raising of product cost just can be caused.
9, rare earth magnesium ferrosilicon alloy:
The contained rare earth of the rare earth alloy that the present invention uses is light rare earths, (contains 45～53%CeO with cerium
2), neodymium (contains 24～29%Nd
2O
3), lanthanum (contains 11～17%La
2O
3), praseodymium (contains 5.2～7.6%Pr
6O
11) be main.Rare earth alloy can make spheroidization of graphite after adding molten iron, and can desulfurization, deoxidation, degasification, purifying molten iron improves castability, reduces casting flaws such as subsurface porosity, slag inclusion and shrinkage porosite.Also has the anti-spheroidization of eliminating interference element.The adding of rare earth alloy element can evenly be scattered the MxCy carbide refinement, thereby improves the wear resistance and the toughness of material.When the content of rare earth alloy element is lower than lower limit (RE is lower than 0.02%, and Mg is lower than 0.03%), can not give full play to the advantageous effect that the rare earth alloy element carries out spheroidizing; If RE content is higher than the upper limit 0.05%, when Mg content is higher than the upper limit 0.06%, material toughness is reduced.
10, copper Cu:
Copper can increase pearlitic content, simultaneously again can refine pearlite, so can increase intensity, toughness and the forming ability of material.Copper is in chromium cast iron contained, and is identical with the effect of nickel, effective especially to the speed of cooling of slowing down austenitic transformation with the shared perlitic transformation that hinders of molybdenum, even thick and large casting also can be transformed into martensite.Copper and can with chromium, nickel, molybdenum acting in conjunction, form double carbide, can improve the wear resistance of material greatly.Contain in the Cu element antifriction cast iron of the present invention, when content was lower than lower limit 1.0%, it is not obvious that its advantageous effect is brought into play; When content was higher than the upper limit 2.0%, though the intensity of material and toughness can further improve, hardness decreased.
Antifriction cast iron of the present invention can adopt the three-phawse arc furnace melting, also can adopt the line frequency coreless induction furnace melting.Be example to adopt three-phawse arc furnace below, melting technology of the present invention be described:
1, smelting condition; Machinery, electrical equipment and water-cooling system must be normal, and furnace lining and ladle etc. will satisfy common service requirements.
2, Pei Liao content ratio (weight %) and specification, standard see Table one:
Table one
Batching steel-making foundry scrap ferromanganese ferrochrome nickel plate molybdenum-iron
The title pig iron pig iron
1 6 1.5 3
Content 50 40 10
Add
P08 Z14 C≤ Mn4 Cr4 Mo
Specification or or or or Ni3
0.6 552
P10 Z18 Mn5 Cr5
GB711 GB718 YB59 YB76 YB127 YB63
Standard
-75 -82 -65 -76 -72 -65
3, shove charge melting % follows the furnace bottom pig iron of packing into.Mo-Fe and Ni plate are contained in central authorities, and steel scrap is contained in the shove charge order of furnace roof.According to known three-phawse arc furnace melting technology rules operation.
4, refining and adjustment chemical ingredients: after treating that furnace chargeization is clear, the dephosphorization of skimming, the part amount of adding Si-Fe, Mn-Fe; And then add roasting red Cr-Fe and partly measure, adds an amount of Si powder and C powder, stir sampling analysis afterwards, add required alloying element and make chemical Composition Control in the scope that is allowed; Add slag former simultaneously, adjust the quantity of slag, keep reducing atmosphere, and add calcium carbide desulfurization.
5, tap a blast furnace and stove after art breading: when the molten iron chemical ingredients is qualified, molten iron is skimmed in the time of 1450～1480 ℃ and is tapped a blast furnace.When going out molten iron, carry out inoculation with 0.5% ferrosilicon powder (specification is Si75, and standard is YB58-69) that accounts for the water inventory that taps a blast furnace; With 1.5% RE-Mg-ferrosilicon alloy (Xt-Mg5-8) that accounts for the water inventory that taps a blast furnace, adopt and ladle bottom pouring process carries out spheroidizing.
6, the cast: through breed with spheroidizing after molten iron, static a little, after skimming, in the time of 1320～1350 ℃ the cast, an iron clad water poured at 15 minutes.
When melting cupric antifriction cast iron, only need to change the ratio of batching ferrochrome, nickel plate, molybdenum-iron, and add batching copper coin (specification is that Cu-4, standard are YB466-64), the concrete ratio of its batching (added weight %) is: ferrochrome is 4, the nickel plate is 0.7, molybdenum-iron is 1.5, copper coin is 1.5.When shove charge copper coin being contained in central authorities gets final product.
Antifriction cast iron processability of the present invention is good, can produce the complicated pipeline of all size, model.Its hardness height, wear resisting property are good, can extremely work under the harsh conditions, for example the conveying belt corner angle, with the hard medium of 200～300 ℃ of temperature, at 8kg/cm
2Carry out dry friction under the pressure, carry out high speed with the speed of 20～30 meter per seconds and wash away.Antifriction cast iron of the present invention can be widely used in heat power plant's ash-transmission system and other transport pipe of industry.The mechanical property that does not contain the Cu antifriction cast iron is: the hardness HRc that utilizes universal method to measure is 50～55, bending strength б
Bb〉=392N/mm
2, impact value (non-notch sample) a
kBe 1.4～2.0J(N.M/cm
2); Utilizing ad hoc approach (concrete grammar will be set forth in the back) to record abrasion loss is 0.0010～0.0013 gram/12 hours (to mills), and its fastness to rubbing is 3 times of plain cast iron, is 5 times of general carbon steel.The metallographic structure that does not contain the Cu antifriction cast iron is eutectic ledeburite ten needle-strip shaped cementites ten dendrite perlite.This kind antifriction cast iron mainly is applicable to special-shaped pipelines such as adopting sand casting bend pipe, breeches pipe, adapter bonnet.The antifriction cast iron of adding copper of the present invention improved the forming ability of material greatly, solved the major defect of hot tearing, cold cracking, brittle failure effectively, and improved the intensity and the toughness of material; Copper again can with nickel, chromium, molybdenum acting in conjunction, improved the wear resisting property of material greatly; Add copper, can reduce the content of rare metal nickel and molybdenum, thereby reduce the cost of product significantly under the constant condition of material overall performance guaranteeing; The mechanical property of this kind antifriction cast iron is: hardness HRc is 55～60, bending strength б
Bb〉=343N/mm
2, impact value (non-notch sample) a
kBe 1.2～2.0J(N.M/cm
2), recording abrasion loss is 0.0004～0.0007 gram/12 hours (to mills), its fastness to rubbing is 7 times of plain cast iron, is 10 times of general carbon steel; The metallographic structure of this kind antifriction cast iron is eutectic ledeburite ten needle-strip shaped cementites ten dendrite perlite ten a small amount of martensites; This kind antifriction cast iron is specially adapted to adopt drawbench specific equipment, continuous casting moulding straight pipeline.
Wearing test of the present invention adopts following method:
Testing installation is a MM-200 wearing and tearing sample machine.Two on employing standard wearing and tearing sample, it has the right cylinder of φ 16+0.19mm through hole for the center, and the cylinder external diameter is φ 40 ± 0.005mm, and the cylinder height is 10 ± 0.005mm, and the smooth finish of column side wall is
8.Last sample is main bistrique, and material is GCr
15, following sample is an antifriction cast iron of the present invention.Upper and lower two samples, will be gone up sample and fix during test mill, and following sample rotates with 200 rev/mins speed, and the pressure load between two samples is 50kg, test period 12 hours; Lubricating fluid adopts 20
#Machine oil adds the method (5kg20 of MgO abrasive material
#Machine oil adds 30gMgO); Give and grinding half an hour, loading 30kg when giving mill.
The invention will be further described for embodiment below adopting.The present invention does not contain the embodiment and performance table two statement of the antifriction cast iron of Cu; (seeing 11 pages); The embodiment and the performance that contain the antifriction cast iron of Cu are stated (seeing 12 pages) with table three.
Claims (4)
1, a kind of antifriction cast iron that is applicable to pipeline is characterized in that by C 3.0～3.6%, Si 0.8～1.5%, and Mn 0.6～1.2%, Cr 2.5～3.5%, and Ni 1.0～2.0%, and Mo 1.0～2.0%, and RE 0.02～0.05%, Mg 0.03～0.06%, P＜0.1%, and S＜0.06%, surplus is formed by Fe.
2, antifriction cast iron according to claim 1, it is characterized in that preferable component content is C3.1～3.25%, Si1.1～1.3%, Mn0.9～1.1%, Cr2.8～3.2%, Ni1.2～1.5%, Mo1.2～1.5%, RE0.02～0.05%, Mg0.03～0.06%, P＜0.1%, S＜0.06%, surplus is Fe.
3, a kind of antifriction cast iron that is specially adapted to straight pipeline is characterized in that by C3.0～3.6% Si0.8～1.5%, Mn0.6～1.2%, Cr1.5～2.5%, Ni0.5～1.0%, Mo0.5～1.0%, Cu1.0～2.0%, RE0.02～0.05%, Mg0.03～0.06%, P＜0.1%, S＜0.06%, surplus is formed by Fe.
4, antifriction cast iron according to claim 3 is characterized in that preferable component content is C3.1～3.25%, Si1.1～1.3%, Mn0.9～1.1%, Cr1.8～2.2%, Ni0.5～0.7%, Mo0.5～0.7%, Cu1.4～1.7%, RE0.02～0.05%, Mg0.03～0.06%, P＜0.1%, S＜0.06%, surplus are Fe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101918 CN1019914C (en) | 1990-04-09 | 1990-04-09 | Wear-resistant cast iron |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101918 CN1019914C (en) | 1990-04-09 | 1990-04-09 | Wear-resistant cast iron |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1055563A CN1055563A (en) | 1991-10-23 |
| CN1019914C true CN1019914C (en) | 1993-02-17 |
Family
ID=4877307
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 90101918 Expired - Fee Related CN1019914C (en) | 1990-04-09 | 1990-04-09 | Wear-resistant cast iron |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1019914C (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103660790A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-26 | 湖州织里童装发展有限公司 | Baby carriage wheel mounting device |
| CN105316565B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-03-22 | 常州凯达重工科技有限公司 | High-strength low-hardness ferritic nodular cast iron roller ring and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN105642650B (en) * | 2016-01-01 | 2018-06-12 | 康绿源科技（天津）有限责任公司 | A kind of rubbish from cooking method for innocent treatment |
| CN112091180A (en) * | 2020-08-27 | 2020-12-18 | 宁国市四方精工机械有限公司 | Manufacturing method of high-strength main steam valve |
| CN115505831A (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2022-12-23 | 江苏凯达重工股份有限公司 | Large-size steel alloy ductile iron edging roll and preparation method thereof |
-
1990
- 1990-04-09 CN CN 90101918 patent/CN1019914C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1055563A (en) | 1991-10-23 |
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