CN101933543B - Process for preparing white tea - Google Patents
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- CN101933543B CN101933543B CN 201010264745 CN201010264745A CN101933543B CN 101933543 B CN101933543 B CN 101933543B CN 201010264745 CN201010264745 CN 201010264745 CN 201010264745 A CN201010264745 A CN 201010264745A CN 101933543 B CN101933543 B CN 101933543B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a process for preparing white tea. A corresponding device is adopted in each preparation step; a hoisting machine is adopted between the devices to convey the tea; and thus the automation of the entire preparation process is realized, the production efficiency, the cleaning degree and the standardization degree are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of the tealeaves technological process for preparing, the particularly a kind of process for preparing white tea.
Background technology
Tealeaves belongs to " Theaceae ", dicotyledon, and about 30 belong to, and 500 kinds, be distributed in subtropical and tropical zones, China has 14 to belong to 397 kinds, various places on the south the main product the Changjiang river, wherein Camellia Camellia and what Pterostyrax Schima etc. all are rich in economic worth.Arbor or shrub; The leaf alternate, single leaf, keratin is without stipule; Spend normal both sexes, rare unisexuality, single giving birth to or several consor, armpit is given birth to or give birth on the top; Sepal 5-7, imbricate is arranged.Stamen is extremely most, and rare number separates or how many symphysis; Ovary is upper, and is rare the next, and 2-10 chamber, every chamber have ovule 2 at the most; Fruit is a capsule, or does not ftracture and the drupe shape.We process with the leaf of tea tree with regard to referring to by general said tealeaves, can directly steep with boiling water a kind of drink of drink.
Tealeaves can be classified with color and luster, season and growing environment:
With the color and luster classification be respectively: green tea, yellow tea, white tea, blue or green tea, black tea, black tea, etc.
With the classification in season be respectively:
1, spring tea----refer to the tealeaves that late March was was then gathered and processed before the mid-May.Spring, temperature was moderate, and rainfall fills part, added the rehabilitation that tea tree has passed through winter half a year, so that spring, tea shoot was big and fleshy, color and luster is emerald green, and the food value of leaf is soft, and contains abundant vitamin, particularly amino acid.Not only make the fresh and alive and pleasant aroma of spring tea flavour be rich in health-care effect.
2, summer tea----refer to that the tealeaves summer weather that the first arrival in May gathers and processes at the beginning of 7 months is hot, the tip bud-leaf growth of new tea rapidly, relatively reduce so that can dissolve the water extraction content of millet paste, particularly the minimizing of amino acid etc. is so that millet paste flavour, fragrance be how strong not as spring tea, because more than spring tea with anthocyanidin, caffeine, the polyphenol content of bitter taste, not only make the purple bud-leaf increase color and luster and differ, and flavour is comparatively pained.
3, autumn tea----be exactly the tealeaves of gathering and processing after mid-August.The Autumn Climate condition is between spring and summer, and tea tree is relative through the growth of two seasons of spring and summer, young sprout bud internal substance, and it is not of uniform size to reduce blade, embrittlement at the bottom of the leaf, and the jaundice of leaf look, flavour and fragrance seem more gentle.
4, winter tea----begin to gather and process about late October greatly.Winter tea is after autumn tea has been adopted, and weather turns cold rear growth gradually.Slowly long because of winter tea young sprout blastogenesis, internal substance increases gradually, so flavour is mellow, fragrance is strong.
By the growing environment classification be respectively:
1, level land tea: level land tea shoot leaf is less, and heavily fortified point is thin at the bottom of the leaf, and the blade face is open and flat, and the leaf look yellowish green owes smooth.Tealeaves bar rope after the processing is thinner, and the bone body is light, and fragrance is low, and flavour is light.
2, high mountainous tea: high mountainous tea is because environment is fit to tea tree happiness temperature, likes habit wet, anti-the moon, and there is the saying that has exceeded tea in side.Along with the difference of height above sea level, caused the unique features of Alpine environment, from the trees that temperature, rainfall, humidity, soil are grown to the mountain, these environment all provide advantageous condition to the growth of tea tree and tea shoot.Therefore high mountainous tea is compared with level land tea, and the high mountainous tea bud-leaf is big and fleshy, and color is green, and fine hair is many.European Community's leaf after the processing, bar rope tight knot, big and fleshy, pekoe appears, and it is strong and endure repeated infusions to defend gas.
The quality quality of tealeaves, when not having scientific instrument and method to identify, can estimating by color, four aspects of shape.And with evaluating the quality of tea quality in these four aspects, usually adopt see, hear, touch, product differentiate.Namely see profile, color and luster, hear fragrance, touch the bar rope, open soup and taste.Specific as follows:
1, see color and luster----different teas have different color and luster characteristics.Fried green in the green tea should be yellow green, and baking green grass or young crops should be bottle green steams green grass or young crops and should be emerald green, Dragon Well tea then should be in emerald green ecru slightly; If the green tea color and luster is gloomy, deeply brown, quality must be not good.It is light green or yellowish green that the complexion of green tea should be, limpid bright; If dark yellow or muddiness certainly neither good tea.Black tea should be pitch-black glossy, and the soup look red is gorgeous bright, some top grade congou tea, and its millet paste can form the yellow oil ring of a circle around teacup, be commonly called as " gold ring "; Ruo Tangse is dim, and muddiness must be inferior black tea.Oolong tea then with the blue or green brown smoothness of color and luster for well.
2, see profile----can judge the quality of tealeaves from the profile of tealeaves, because the bright leaf that the quality of tealeaves and tea are plucked is directly related, also relevant with tea making, this all reacts on the profile of tealeaves.Such as good Longjing tea, profile light, flat, straight, likeness in form bowl nail; Good green tea, the particle circle is tight, even; Good congou tea bar rope is tightly neat, and red fannings particle is neat, standardized; Good hair peak, the tea shoot milli is many, the bud cutting edge of a knife or a sword reveals etc.If the bar rope is loose, particle pine bubble, the leaf table is coarse, and the body bone is light, and just being not really has been tea.
3, fragrance----all kinds of tealeaves itself are all savory for news, and such as green tea tool delicate fragrance, top grade green tea also has orchid perfume, chestunt flavour etc., black tea tool delicate fragrance and the fragrant and sweet or fragrance of a flower; The ripe peach perfume (or spice) of oolong tea set etc.If fragrance is overcast, be decided to be tea inferior; The old tea that is that old gas is arranged; The rotten tea that is that the peculiar smell such as stale is arranged.Be exactly Ilex Latifolia Thunb, smell the fragrance that also has nature.Jasmine tea then more attracts the customer of a teahouse with giving off a strong fragrance.
4, taste flavour----or being the flavour of tealeaves, the flavour of tealeaves own is made of the Multiple components such as bitter, puckery, sweet, bright, sour.Its component ratio is proper, and flavour just bright alcohol is good to eat, and simultaneously, different teas, flavour are also different, and first-class green tea is just tasted its bitterness sense, but the dense alcohol of aftertaste makes dispute promote the production of body fluid; Thick old bad tea is then tasteless, even puckery mouthful, numb tongue.The pekoe flavour is dense, strong, bright refreshing; Rudimentary black tea is then insipid.The Ilex Latifolia Thunb entrance is very bitter, but the drink deutostoma has Hui Tian.
In existing tea-manufacturing technology, be generally manual tea making.The efficient of manual tea making is slower, has greatly incured loss through delay the time of tealeaves preparation, in the situation of current tea market, to be difficult to the response speed of satisfying the market.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of process for preparing white tea, this technological process can improve the efficient of the white tea of preparation.
For achieving the above object, the present invention's process of preparing white tea can adopt following technical scheme:
A kind of process for preparing white tea, this technological process comprises the steps:
(1) provides tea leaf tedder, tealeaves is positioned in this tea leaf tedder withers;
(2) provide elevator and green-keeping machine, the tea leaf in the step (1) is crossed elevator be delivered to the operation that completes in the green-keeping machine;
(3) provide elevator and the first carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (2) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out the continuous arranging bar first time in the first carding machine;
(4) provide elevator and the second carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (3) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out the continuous arranging bar shaped second time in the second carding machine and be in strip tealeaves, until tealeaves is most probably done;
(5) provide elevator and cooling damping machine, the tea leaf in the step (4) is crossed elevator be delivered to cooling and cool off moisture regain in the damping machine, continue 15 minutes to 30 minutes;
(6) provide elevator and the 3rd carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (5) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out for the third time continuous arranging bar in the 3rd carding machine, until tealeaves ninety percent is done;
(7) provide elevator and winnowing machine, the tea leaf in the step (6) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out selection by winnowing in the winnowing machine.
The present invention is compared with prior art: prepare the technique of white tea owing to all adopted corresponding device in each step by the present invention, and adopt elevator to carry out the conveying of tealeaves between each device, make whole preparation flow reach automation, effectively improved production efficiency.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is the flow chart that the present invention prepares the process of white tea.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention, should understand the following specific embodiment only is used for explanation the present invention and is not used in and limits the scope of the invention, after having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's claims limited range to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
See also shown in the accompanying drawing, the process that the present invention prepares white tea comprises the steps:
(1) provides tea leaf tedder, tealeaves is positioned in this tea leaf tedder withers.The purpose of withering is: one, distribute moisture, make leaf open softness, thin fertile, juice concentration strengthens; Two, strengthen the activity of enzyme; Three, distribute grass smell, appear delicate fragrance, the leaf look by bud green be converted into dark green.
(2) provide elevator and green-keeping machine, the tea leaf in the step (1) is crossed elevator be delivered to the operation that completes in the green-keeping machine.The preparation that completes for tealeaves of this step is very important operation, and its effect is: 1) utilize the activity of high temperature destructive enzyme, prevent Tea Polyphenols and enzyme to participate in oxidation, the qualitative characteristics of maintenance tealeaves; 2) distribute green grass gas, promote fragrance; 3) variation of the bright leaf chemical analysis of change promotes the food value of leaf soft, is convenient to the shaping slivering.Complete extremely to spare and kill thoroughly, bright leaf color loses fresh and alive, and hand is grabbed tealeaves and taken a smell, and has ripe chestunt flavour to be advisable.This procedure that completes is the most key to the formation of fragrance, flavour.The rear water loss rate of tea leaves that completes is 30%.Green-keeping machine in the present embodiment adopts hot air water-removing machine, this hot air water-removing machine machine is to utilize warm 200 ℃ of superelevation to complete with windward, the superhigh temperature hot blast contacts with bright leaf, heat is delivered to bright leaf, bright leaf is heated up rapidly reach the effect of inactivate activity enzyme, its advantage is: do not have the quick-fried point in burnt limit and the cigarette smell of burning, the speed that completes is fast, the effect of not surging makes to rush out emerald green, the tender aquatic foods of bright Ye Seze, and bright leaf moisture content reaches and kneads the operation requirement after killing.Elevator in the present embodiment is bright leaf elevator.
(3) provide elevator and the first carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (2) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out the continuous arranging bar shaped first time in the first carding machine and be in strip tealeaves.This is dialogue tea streamline continuous arranging bar, just is shaped to the operation of type tea leaf profile, realizes the tea making automation.This is that sun is admired snow bud streamline continuous arranging bar, just is shaped to the operation of bar shaped tea, realizes the tea making automation.Bar rope by tealeaves behind this reason bar is tightly straight, and the uniformity rate of tealeaves profile reaches 30%-50%.
(4) provide elevator and the second carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (3) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out the continuous arranging bar shaped second time in the second carding machine and be in strip tealeaves, until tealeaves is most probably done.Tightly straight by tealeaves bar rope behind the second time continuous arranging bar, the uniformity rate of tealeaves profile is approximately to 80%.
(5) provide elevator and cooling damping machine, the tea leaf in the step (4) is crossed elevator be delivered to cooling and cool off moisture regain in the damping machine, continue 15 minutes to 30 minutes.Tealeaves is paved into the tealeaves heap of thickness 3cm in this step, and even being spread out on the cooling damping machine of tealeaves moved together, and power is inputted by speed change gear.Have three layers in the cooling damping machine, ground floor cools off the tealeaves that uniform temperature is arranged with cold wind fast by fan, makes tealeaves can keep good emerald green degree.It is slightly slow that second and third layer is walked the speed ratio ground floor, to meet the moisture regain rule of tealeaves, prepares for entering subsequent processing.
(6) provide elevator and the 3rd carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (5) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out for the third time continuous arranging bar in the 3rd carding machine, until tealeaves ninety percent is done.Tightly straight by tealeaves bar rope behind this reason bar, fragrance is higher, and the uniformity rate of tealeaves profile is approximately to 90%
(7) provide elevator and winnowing machine, the tea leaf in the step (6) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out selection by winnowing in the winnowing machine.Selection by winnowing is the pornographic movie and the broken foam that utilize in the tealeaves that winnowing machine will make by above-mentioned steps and blows off, improves the cleanliness of white tea.
Above-mentioned 7 steps can make the white tea that has the tight straight profile of bar rope.Among the present invention, each tea making step has all adopted corresponding device automatically to process tealeaves, and adopts elevator to carry out the conveying of tealeaves between each device, makes whole preparation flow reach automation, has effectively improved production efficiency.And also saved human cost after the preparation flow automation, be conducive to the reduction of production cost, and be conducive to improve produce clean, standardization level.
After the preparation section of above-mentioned automation finishes, also need to carry out other operation:
(8) tealeaves in the step (7) is placed into the moisture regain of carrying out in the bamboo plaque more than 2 hours.Because the tealeaves appearance is thinner, dehydration is very fast.But the moisture difficult oven dry of tealeaves stalk institute is so we will carry out spreading for cooling to the tealeaves after the oven dry.Moisture in the stalk is redistributed the surface of tealeaves, make it moisture regain.Otherwise how disposable baking baking is not done yet.
(9) provide slat dryer, with the temperature of 70 degree, adopt dynamically oven dry, make the tealeaves foot do water content below 6%; Simultaneously do not change its rope and color and luster, last about 15 minutes, this process also is the process of Titian simultaneously.
(10) provide elevator and stalk pickup machine, the tea leaf in the step (9) is crossed elevator deliver in the stalk pickup machine, the principle of employing stalk pickup machine is told the size of the length of dried tea, promotes the neat and well spaced degree of tealeaves.
Step (9) and step (10) have adopted the mode of production of automation to produce equally, can enhance productivity and clean, standardization level.。
Prepare the made white tea of technique of white tea by the present invention, shape such as phoenix plumage, look be such as beautiful frost, unique Bai Chaxiang, and the soup look light yellow, opens at the bottom of the leaf, and Ye Yuyu is white, and vein is emerald green, the bright alcohol of flavour, unique Radix Glycyrrhizae flavor.
Claims (6)
1. process for preparing white tea, it is characterized in that: this technological process comprises the steps:
(1) provides tea leaf tedder, tealeaves is positioned in this tea leaf tedder withers;
(2) provide elevator and green-keeping machine, the tea leaf in the step (1) is crossed elevator be delivered to the operation that completes in the green-keeping machine;
(3) provide elevator and the first carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (2) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out the continuous arranging bar shaped first time in the first carding machine and be in strip tealeaves;
(4) provide elevator and the second carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (3) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out the continuous arranging bar second time in the second carding machine, until tealeaves is most probably done;
(5) provide elevator and cooling damping machine, the tea leaf in the step (4) is crossed elevator be delivered to cooling and cool off moisture regain in the damping machine, continue 15 minutes to 30 minutes;
(6) provide elevator and the 3rd carding machine, the tea leaf in the step (5) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out for the third time continuous arranging bar in the 3rd carding machine, until tealeaves ninety percent is done;
(7) provide elevator and winnowing machine, the tea leaf in the step (6) is crossed elevator be delivered to and carry out selection by winnowing in the winnowing machine.
2. the process of the white tea of preparation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the green-keeping machine in the described step (2) is hot air water-removing machine, the temperature of the operation that completes is more than 200 ℃.
3. the process of the white tea of preparation according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: the withering time in the described step (1) is 5 hours.
4. the technological process of the white tea of preparation according to claim 3 is characterized in that: this technological process also has step (8): the tealeaves in the step (7) is placed into the moisture regain of carrying out in the bamboo plaque more than 2 hours.
5. the technological process of the white tea of preparation according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: this technological process also has step (9): slat dryer is provided, tealeaves in the step (8) is positioned in this slat dryer, temperature with 70 degree, adopt dynamically oven dry, make the tealeaves foot do water content below 6%, last 15 minutes.
6. the technological process of the white tea of preparation according to claim 5; it is characterized in that: this technological process also has step (10): elevator and stalk pickup machine are provided; tea leaf in the step (9) is crossed elevator deliver in the stalk pickup machine, the principle of employing stalk pickup machine is told the size of the length of dried tea.
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| CN 201010264745 CN101933543B (en) | 2010-08-26 | 2010-08-26 | Process for preparing white tea |
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Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102422908A (en) * | 2011-10-25 | 2012-04-25 | 广西亚热带作物研究所试验站 | Processing method for making white tea by using Guire No. 2 |
| CN102715291B (en) * | 2012-07-05 | 2013-07-31 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | Processing method of white leaf longjing tea |
| CN104322720A (en) * | 2013-07-22 | 2015-02-04 | 江苏茗鼎生态茶业科技有限公司 | Novel white tea production line |
| CN103976041B (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2016-06-08 | 杭州千岛湖丰凯实业有限公司 | Anji white tea automation complete equipment for processing and tea Processing method |
| CN103719307B (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2015-10-21 | 开化县名茶开发公司 | A kind of preparation method of tealeaves |
| CN104026278A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-09-10 | 思南县常青种养专业合作社 | Processing method of organic white tea |
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| CN101133764A (en) * | 2007-10-09 | 2008-03-05 | 肖勇 | Bar shaped green tea automatization processing method |
| CN101507454A (en) * | 2009-03-19 | 2009-08-19 | 无锡洞天秀竹茶业有限公司 | Preparation method of green tea of orchid odor type |
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