CN101929811A - A shell-and-tube heat exchanger with multi-shell-side countercurrent speed-up - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a case-type multi-shell-pass countercurrent speedup type shell and tube heat exchanger. The heat exchanger comprises a shell (5), wherein one end of the shell is provided with a tube plate I (3); a tube case (2) is connected outside the tube plate I (3), and a baffle is arranged inside the tube case; the other end of the shell is provided with an end cover (11); a heat exchange tube (6) is arranged in the shell; the shell of the heat exchanger has a round-upside square-downside structure or a square-upside round downside structure; at least one layer of vertical countercurrent speedup guide plate (7) is arranged in the shell; and the inner part of the shell is separated into at least two shell passes to ensure that the number of pass of fluid outside a tube is the same as that of fluid in the tube, and the fluid outside the tube and the fluid in the tube have opposite flowing dictions along the axial direction. The heat exchanger can make the direction of the fluid along the axial direction in the shell pass in the shell and tube heat exchanger opposite to that of the fluid in the tube, make the fluids quickly flow for heat exchange, reduce heat transfer temperature difference of the fluids, improve heat exchange efficiency, and realize synchronous composite utilization of double heat sources. The special shell structure ensures more compactness in heat exchange tube arrangement, can effectively reduce the volume of the heat exchanger, and reduces the filling amount of a refrigerant.

Description

A shell-and-tube heat exchanger with multi-shell-side countercurrent speed-up

technical field

The invention relates to the field of processing and manufacturing of heat exchangers, in particular to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with multi-shell side countercurrent speed-up.

Background technique

Shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used in chemical industry, food, refrigeration and air conditioning and other fields. Many parallel tubes are arranged in a cylindrical shell to allow two fluids to flow through the space inside the tube and the space outside the tube and exchange heat. . For the single shell-side shell-and-tube heat exchangers widely used at present, when the heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger is large, the diameter of the shell and the cross-section of the single-shell side are large, resulting in a low velocity of the shell-side fluid, resulting in heat transfer. The overall heat transfer coefficient of the device is not high, and the heat transfer efficiency is low.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the above-mentioned single-shell-side shell-and-tube heat exchanger, and to provide a box-shell multi-shell-side countercurrent speed-up type shell-and-tube heat exchanger with small volume and high heat exchange efficiency. heater.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is as follows:

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with multi-shell-side countercurrent speed-up, which includes a shell, and a tube plate I is provided at one end of the shell. The other end of the casing is provided with an end cover, the shell is provided with heat exchange tubes, the pipe box is provided with pipe joints I and pipe joints II, and the upper and lower parts of the shell are respectively provided with pipe joints III and pipe joints IV. The shell of the heat exchanger has an upper circle and a lower circle structure or an upper and lower circle structure, and at least one layer of longitudinal countercurrent speed-up deflectors are arranged in the shell, which divides the inside of the shell into at least two shell sides, so that the formed fluid outside the tube The flow number is the same as the flow number of the fluid in the tube and the flow direction is opposite along the axial direction. The single-pass shell pass is divided into multiple shell passes through the vertical counterflow speed-up deflector set in the shell, which increases the length of the fluid circulation in the shell pass, and makes the fluid on the shell side flow countercurrently with the fluid in the tube along the longitudinal direction, and passes through the set in the shell The lateral speed-increasing turbulence deflector increases the velocity and turbulence of the shell-side fluid.

The fixing method of the longitudinal countercurrent speed-up deflector in the shell is: one end of the longitudinal counter-flow speed-up deflector can be fixed with the tube plate by welding, or can be fixed by inserting into the axial slot of the shell or by other fixing methods .

In the present invention, a horizontal speed-increasing disturbance deflector can be arranged in the flow channel formed between the longitudinal counterflow speed-up speed-up deflector and the housing, and the shape of the horizontal speed-up disturbance deflector is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the fluid channel outside the pipe formed in the housing. Similarly, there is a channel gap at one end of the horizontal speed-increasing deflector, and a plurality of tube holes for supporting the heat exchange tubes are opened on the surface of the deflector.

In the present invention, a layer of longitudinal counterflow speed-increasing deflectors is preferably arranged in the heat exchanger shell. The heat exchange tubes are straight tube heat exchange tubes. Tube sheet I and tube sheet II communicate with the tube boxes and end caps at both ends.

The heat exchange tube may also be a U-shaped heat exchange tube, and the shell and the end cover are welded or flanged.

The heat exchange tubes can be in the form of sleeves or in the form of non-sleeves. When it is a double heat source, the heat exchange tube is composed of an outer tube and an inner tube installed in the cavity of the outer tube. When the outer tube and the inner tube are straight tubes, both ends are provided with an outer tube plate and an inner tube plate. , where a partition and two pipe joints are set between the outer tube sheet and the inner tube sheet at one end; A partition and two pipe joints are arranged between the inner tube sheets. It can realize dual heat source synchronous heat exchange.

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the present invention is a shell-and-tube multi-shell-side countercurrent speed-increasing type. The shell is designed as a structure with an upper circle and a lower circle or a structure with an upper circle and a lower circle, so that the fluid in the shell-side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger can be realized. It forms a reverse and rapid flow heat exchange with the fluid in the tube along the axial direction, reduces the heat transfer temperature difference between the fluids, improves the heat exchange efficiency, and can realize the synchronous composite utilization of dual heat sources. Its special shell structure makes the heat exchange tubes arranged It is more compact, which can effectively reduce the volume of the heat exchanger and reduce the refrigerant charge.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 5 .

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 7 .

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 9 .

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 7 of the present invention.

Fig. 14 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 13 .

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 15 .

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 9 of the present invention.

Fig. 18 is a sectional view along line A-A in Fig. 17 .

Fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 10 of the present invention.

Fig. 20 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 19 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with examples, but the present invention is not limited.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger of the multi-shell side countercurrent speed-up type shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes the shell 5, and the two ends of the shell are provided with the tube plate I3 and the tube plate II8, and the tube box 2 is connected to the tube plate I3 The outside and inside of the shell are provided with partitions, the other end of the shell is provided with an end cover 11, and a heat exchange tube 6 is arranged inside the shell. The tube sheet II8 communicates with the tube boxes and end caps at both ends. The pipe box 2 is provided with a pipe interface I1 and a pipe interface II9, and a pipe interface III4 and a pipe interface IV10 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower parts of the housing. The heat exchanger shell has an upper circle and lower structure, that is, the upper part is a semi-cylindrical shape, and the lower part is a quadrangular prism. A layer of longitudinal counterflow speed-increasing deflectors 7 is arranged in the shell, and the inside of the shell is divided into two shell passes, so that the flow number of the fluid outside the tube is the same as that of the fluid inside the tube, and the flow direction along the axial direction is opposite.

The working process is as follows: one medium enters the tube box 2 of the heat exchanger from the tube interface 9, flows out of the heat exchanger from the tube interface 1 after exchanging heat through the heat exchange tube, and the other working medium enters the shell from the tube interface 4, and flows out from the tube The interface 10 flows out of the casing, and the two media form countercurrent heat exchange during the circulation process.

Example 2

As shown in Fig. 2, this embodiment is based on the structure of the embodiment, and the heat exchange tube is a U-shaped tube.

Example 3

As shown in FIG. 3 , this embodiment is based on the structure shown in FIG. 3 , and a transverse speed-increasing disturbance deflector 12 is arranged in the casing 5 . The shape of the horizontal speed-increasing disturbance deflector is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the fluid flow channel outside the tube formed in the casing, and there is a channel gap at one end of the horizontal speed-increasing deflector, and a number of holes are opened on the surface of the deflector for supporting The tube hole of the heat exchange tube.

Example 4

As shown in Figure 4, this embodiment is based on the structure of Example 1. The heat exchange tube is a sleeve-type heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange tube is composed of an outer sleeve 13 and installed in the outer sleeve tube cavity. The inner casing 14 is composed of; the inner tube sheets 17, 18 are added; the pipe joints V15 and VI16 are set between the outer tube sheet 3 and the inner tube sheet 17.

Example 5

As shown in Figure 5, this embodiment is on the basis of the structure of embodiment 4, and the horizontal speed-increasing disturbance deflector 12 is set in the housing 5. The shape of the horizontal speed-increasing disturbance deflector is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the fluid flow channel outside the tube formed in the casing, and there is a channel gap at one end of the horizontal speed-increasing deflector, and a number of holes are opened on the surface of the deflector for supporting The tube hole of the heat exchange tube.

Example 6

As shown in Figure 6, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger with multi-shell side countercurrent speed-up type includes a shell 5, and tube sheets I3 and tube sheets II8 are arranged at both ends of the shell, and the tube box 2 is connected to the tube sheet I3 The outside and inside of the shell are provided with partitions, the other end of the shell is provided with an end cover 11, and a heat exchange tube 6 is arranged inside the shell. The tube sheet II8 communicates with the tube boxes and end caps at both ends. The pipe box 2 is provided with a pipe interface I1 and a pipe interface II9, and a pipe interface III4 and a pipe interface IV10 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower parts of the housing. The heat exchanger shell has a circular structure with an upper part and a lower part, that is, the upper part is a quadrangular prism, and the lower part is a semi-cylindrical shape. A layer of longitudinal counterflow speed-increasing deflectors 7 is arranged in the shell, and the inside of the shell is divided into two shell passes, so that the flow number of the fluid outside the tube is the same as that of the fluid inside the tube, and the flow direction along the axial direction is opposite.

The working process is as follows: one medium enters the tube box 2 of the heat exchanger from the tube interface 9, flows out of the heat exchanger from the tube interface 1 after exchanging heat through the heat exchange tube, and the other working medium enters the shell from the tube interface 4, and flows out from the tube The interface 10 flows out of the casing, and the two media form countercurrent heat exchange during the circulation process.

Example 7

As shown in FIG. 7 , this embodiment is based on the structure of Example 6, and the heat exchange tubes are U-shaped heat exchange tubes.

Example 8

As shown in FIG. 8 , this embodiment is based on the structure of embodiment 6, and a transverse speed-increasing disturbance deflector 12 is arranged in the casing 5 . The shape of the horizontal speed-increasing disturbance deflector is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the fluid flow channel outside the tube formed in the casing, and there is a channel gap at one end of the horizontal speed-increasing deflector, and a number of holes are opened on the surface of the deflector for supporting The tube hole of the heat exchange tube.

Example 9

As shown in Figure 9, this embodiment is based on the structure of Embodiment 6. The heat exchange tube is a sleeve-type heat exchange tube, and the heat exchange tube is composed of an outer sleeve 13 and is installed in the outer sleeve tube cavity. The inner casing 14 is composed of; the inner tube sheets 17, 18 are added; the pipe interface Ⅴ15 and the pipe interface Ⅵ16 are set between the outer tube sheet 3 and the inner tube sheet 17.

Example 10

As shown in Figure 10, this embodiment is on the basis of the structure of embodiment 9, and the transverse speed-increasing disturbance deflector 12 is set in the housing 5. The shape of the horizontal speed-increasing disturbance deflector is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the fluid flow channel outside the tube formed in the casing, and there is a channel gap at one end of the horizontal speed-increasing deflector, and a number of holes are opened on the surface of the deflector for supporting The tube hole of the heat exchange tube.

Claims (6)

1. case-type multi-shell-pass countercurrent speedup type shell and tube heat exchanger, comprise housing (5), housing one end is provided with tube sheet I (3), the outside and inside that bobbin carriage (2) is connected tube sheet I (3) are provided with dividing plate, the other end of housing is provided with end cap (11), be provided with heat exchanger tube (6) in the housing, bobbin carriage (2) is provided with interface tube I (1) and interface tube II (9), interface tube III (4) and interface tube IV (10) are set respectively in the upper and lower of housing, it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger shell is circular upper part and square lower part structure or square top and round bottom structure, at least the vertical adverse current speedup of one deck deflector (7) is set in the housing, enclosure interior is divided at least two shell sides, makes the extratubal fluid flow process number of formation identical with tube fluid flow process number and flow direction is opposite vertically.

2. case-type multi-shell-pass countercurrent speedup type shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in heat exchanger shell, be provided with horizontal speedup disturbance deflector (12) in housing (5) and each extratubal fluid runner inside that vertical adverse current speedup deflector (7) forms, laterally speedup disturbance deflector shape is identical with the extratubal fluid cross section of fluid channel shape of formation in the housing, laterally speedup deflector one end leaves the passage breach, and has the pore that is used to support heat exchanger tube on deflector plate face.

3. case-type multi-shell-pass countercurrent speedup type shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the vertical adverse current speedup of one deck deflector (7) is set in the heat exchanger shell, described heat exchanger tube is the straight pipe type heat exchanger tube, the other end at housing is provided with tube sheet II (8), and heat exchanger tube runs through tube sheet I (3) and tube sheet II (8) is communicated with the bobbin carriage and the end cap at two ends.

4. case-type multi-shell-pass countercurrent speedup type shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the vertical adverse current speedup of one deck deflector (7) is set in the heat exchanger shell, described heat exchanger tube is a U type cast heat exchanger tube, and housing (5) is with end cap (11) welding or adopt flange to be connected.

5. case-type multi-shell-pass countercurrent speedup type shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger tube is the casing type heat exchanging pipe, sleeve pipe form heat exchanger tube is made up of outer tube (13) and the inner sleeve (14) that is installed in the outer tube tube chamber, tube sheet is made up of outer tube version (3), (8) and internal tube plate (17), (18), interface tube V (15) and VI (16) are set between outer tube plate (3) and internal tube plate (17), can realize two synchronous heat exchange of thermal source.

6. case-type multi-shell-pass countercurrent speedup type shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described heat exchanger tube is the casing type heat exchanging pipe.

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