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CN101901818B - Image sensor, and device and method for detecting movement direction of object - Google Patents

Image sensor, and device and method for detecting movement direction of object Download PDF

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CN101901818B
CN101901818B CN2009103026341A CN200910302634A CN101901818B CN 101901818 B CN101901818 B CN 101901818B CN 2009103026341 A CN2009103026341 A CN 2009103026341A CN 200910302634 A CN200910302634 A CN 200910302634A CN 101901818 B CN101901818 B CN 101901818B
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image sensor
image
sensor surface
image sensing
sensing surface
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CN101901818A (en
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袁崐益
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Hongfujin Precision Industry Shenzhen Co Ltd
Hon Hai Precision Industry Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F39/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one element covered by group H10F30/00, e.g. radiation detectors comprising photodiode arrays
    • H10F39/80—Constructional details of image sensors
    • H10F39/806—Optical elements or arrangements associated with the image sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P13/00—Indicating or recording presence, absence, or direction, of movement
    • G01P13/02—Indicating direction only, e.g. by weather vane
    • G01P13/04—Indicating positive or negative direction of a linear movement or clockwise or anti-clockwise direction of a rotational movement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S11/00—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation
    • G01S11/12—Systems for determining distance or velocity not using reflection or reradiation using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N25/00—Circuitry of solid-state image sensors [SSIS]; Control thereof
    • H04N25/70—SSIS architectures; Circuits associated therewith
    • H04N25/702—SSIS architectures characterised by non-identical, non-equidistant or non-planar pixel layout

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Abstract

一种影像感测器，其包括一个基底，所述基底上至少设置多个第一影像感测面和多个第二影像感测面，所述多个第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面间隔分布，且该多个第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面处于不同水平面。还涉及一种侦测物体运动方向的装置，其包括上述影像感测器，通过判断第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面上的影像的清晰度来侦测物体的运动方向。

An image sensor, which includes a substrate, on which at least a plurality of first image sensing surfaces and a plurality of second image sensing surfaces are arranged, and the plurality of first image sensing surfaces and second image sensing surfaces The sensing surfaces are distributed at intervals, and the plurality of first image sensing surfaces and the second image sensing surfaces are at different levels. It also relates to a device for detecting the moving direction of an object, which includes the above-mentioned image sensor, and detects the moving direction of the object by judging the sharpness of images on the first image sensing surface and the second image sensing surface.

Description

影像感测器、侦测物体运动方向的装置及方法Image sensor, device and method for detecting motion direction of object

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种影像感测器，特别是涉及一种可判断物体运动方向的影像感测器、侦测物体运动方向的装置及方法。The invention relates to an image sensor, in particular to an image sensor capable of judging the moving direction of an object, a device and a method for detecting the moving direction of an object.

背景技术 Background technique

固态影像感测器，如CCD(Charge Coupled Device，电荷耦合器件)影像感测器和CMOS(Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor，互补金属氧化物半导体存储器)影像感测器用在各种成像设备中（例如摄像机、手机等）。Solid-state image sensors, such as CCD (Charge Coupled Device, charge-coupled device) image sensors and CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor, complementary metal oxide semiconductor memory) image sensors are used in various imaging devices (such as cameras, mobile phone, etc.).

传统的影像感测器为平面式的影像感测，在物方面，只能对单一平面准确的对焦，对于焦距外的对象，只能得到模糊的影像，无法得知物与物之间的相对位置和物体的运动方向。The traditional image sensor is a planar image sensor. In terms of objects, it can only accurately focus on a single plane. For objects outside the focus distance, only blurred images can be obtained, and the relative relationship between objects cannot be known. The position and direction of motion of the object.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

有鉴于此，有必要提供一种可判断物体运动方向的影像感测器、侦测物体运动方向的装置及方法。In view of this, it is necessary to provide an image sensor capable of judging the moving direction of an object, a device and a method for detecting the moving direction of an object.

一种影像感测器，其包括一个基底，所述基底上至少设置多个第一影像感测面和多个第二影像感测面，所述多个第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面间隔分布，且该多个第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面处于不同水平面。An image sensor, which includes a substrate, on which at least a plurality of first image sensing surfaces and a plurality of second image sensing surfaces are arranged, and the plurality of first image sensing surfaces and second image sensing surfaces The sensing surfaces are distributed at intervals, and the plurality of first image sensing surfaces and the second image sensing surfaces are at different levels.

一种侦测物体运动方向的装置，其包括影像感测器和影像处理单元，所述影像处理单元与所述影像感测器电性相连，所述影像感测器包括基底，所述基底上至少设置多个第一影像感测面和多个第二影像感测面，所述多个第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面间隔分布，且该多个第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面处于不同水平面，所述影像处理单元接收所述第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面的影像并根据影像的清晰度判断物体的运动方向。A device for detecting the moving direction of an object, which includes an image sensor and an image processing unit, the image processing unit is electrically connected to the image sensor, and the image sensor includes a base, on which At least a plurality of first image sensing surfaces and a plurality of second image sensing surfaces are provided, the plurality of first image sensing surfaces and second image sensing surfaces are distributed at intervals, and the plurality of first image sensing surfaces The image processing unit receives the images of the first image sensing surface and the second image sensing surface and judges the moving direction of the object according to the clarity of the images.

一种侦测物体运动方向的方法，其包括以下步骤：提供影像感测器，其包括基底和设置在所述基底上的多个第一影像感测面和多个第二影像感测面，所述多个第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面间隔分布，且该多个第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面处于不同水平面；利用所述影像感测器的第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面分别取得物体在第一位置的第一影像和第二影像；比较第一影像和第二影像的清晰度以判断第一位置与影像感测器之间的相对关系；利用所述影像感测器的第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面分别取得物体在第二位置的第三影像和第四影像；比较第三影像和第四影像的清晰度以判断第二位置与影像感测器之间的相对关系；根据第一位置与第二位置的关系得出物体运动方向。A method for detecting the moving direction of an object, comprising the following steps: providing an image sensor, which includes a substrate and a plurality of first image sensing surfaces and a plurality of second image sensing surfaces disposed on the substrate, The plurality of first image sensing surfaces and second image sensing surfaces are distributed at intervals, and the plurality of first image sensing surfaces and second image sensing surfaces are in different horizontal planes; using the first image sensing surface of the image sensor An image sensing surface and a second image sensing surface respectively obtain a first image and a second image of the object at the first position; compare the clarity of the first image and the second image to determine the difference between the first position and the image sensor The relative relationship between; using the first image sensing surface and the second image sensing surface of the image sensor to obtain the third image and the fourth image of the object at the second position respectively; comparing the third image and the fourth image The definition of the object is used to judge the relative relationship between the second position and the image sensor; the moving direction of the object is obtained according to the relationship between the first position and the second position.

与现有技术相比，本发明实施例的影像感测器具有不同的影像感测面，不同位置的物体会在第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面分别得到清晰度相同的影像，而同一位置的物体会在第一影像感测面和第二影像感测面得到清晰度不同的影像，通过比较影像的清晰度可以判断物体所在位置与影像感测器之间的距离，进而可以侦测物体的运动方向。Compared with the prior art, the image sensor of the embodiment of the present invention has different image sensing surfaces, objects at different positions can obtain images with the same definition on the first image sensing surface and the second image sensing surface respectively , and the object at the same position will get images with different resolutions on the first image sensing surface and the second image sensing surface, by comparing the resolution of the images, the distance between the object’s location and the image sensor can be judged, and then Can detect the direction of motion of the object.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明第一实施例影像感测器的示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an image sensor according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

图2是本发明第二实施例影像感测器的示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an image sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

图3是本发明第二实施例影像感测器的平面示意图。3 is a schematic plan view of an image sensor according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

图4是本发明第三实施例影像感测器的示意图。FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an image sensor according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

图5为采用本发明第一实施例影像感测器来侦测物体运动方向的装置的示意图。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device for detecting the moving direction of an object using the image sensor according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图1所示，本发明第一实施例的影像感测器10包括基底11、设置在基底11上的第一影像感测面110和第二影像感测面120。As shown in FIG. 1 , the image sensor 10 according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 11 , a first image sensing surface 110 and a second image sensing surface 120 disposed on the substrate 11 .

基底11的材料为硅、二氧化硅等。The material of the substrate 11 is silicon, silicon dioxide and the like.

第一影像感测面110和第二影像感测面120均为条状像素，且间隔排列。以被拍摄物为参照物，第一影像感测面110与被拍摄物的距离大于第二影像感测面20与被拍摄物的距离，即第一影像感测面110和第二影像感测面120呈台阶状分布，也就是说，当被拍摄物位于不同位置时在第一影像感测面110和第二影像感测面12分别得到清晰的影像。Both the first image sensing surface 110 and the second image sensing surface 120 are striped pixels arranged at intervals. Taking the subject as a reference, the distance between the first image sensing surface 110 and the subject is greater than the distance between the second image sensing surface 20 and the subject, that is, the first image sensing surface 110 and the second image sensing surface 110 The surface 120 is distributed in a step shape, that is to say, clear images are respectively obtained on the first image sensing surface 110 and the second image sensing surface 12 when the subject is located at different positions.

为了方便描述，定义得到清晰的影像时，被拍摄物所在的位置为最佳物平面。相对于第一影像感测面110和第二影像感测面120分别涉及第一最佳物平面和第二最佳物平面。由于，第一影像感测面110相较于第二影像感测面120远离被拍摄物，那么，第一最佳物平面较第二最佳物平面更靠近影像感测器10。For the convenience of description, when a clear image is obtained, the position of the subject is defined as the best object plane. With respect to the first image sensing surface 110 and the second image sensing surface 120 respectively a first optimal object plane and a second optimal object plane are involved. Since the first image sensing surface 110 is farther away from the subject than the second image sensing surface 120 , the first optimal object plane is closer to the image sensor 10 than the second optimal object plane.

为了在第一影像感测面110上得到清晰的影像，被拍摄物应该靠近第一影像感测面110的第一最佳物平面，而为了在第二影像感测面120上得到清晰的影像，被拍摄物应该靠近第二影像感测面120的第二最佳物平面。In order to obtain a clear image on the first image sensing surface 110, the subject should be close to the first optimal object plane of the first image sensing surface 110, and in order to obtain a clear image on the second image sensing surface 120 , the subject should be close to the second best object plane of the second image sensing surface 120 .

由于第一影像感测面110与第二影像感测面120距离被拍摄物的距离不同，因此，被拍摄物在第一影像感测面110与第二影像感测面120的影像的清晰度也不相同，所以，通过被拍摄物影像的清晰度可判断出被拍摄物距离第一影像感测面110近还是距离第二影像感测面120近，从而可判断出被拍摄物的运动方向。Since the distance between the first image sensing surface 110 and the second image sensing surface 120 is different from the subject, the sharpness of the images of the subject on the first image sensing surface 110 and the second image sensing surface 120 Therefore, it can be judged whether the subject is closer to the first image sensing surface 110 or the second image sensing surface 120 according to the clarity of the subject image, so that the moving direction of the subject can be determined .

如图2及图3所示，本发明第二实施例的影像感测器20包括基底21、间隔设置在基底21上的第一影像感测面210、第二影像感测面220和第三影像感测面230。As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the image sensor 20 of the second embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 21 , a first image sensing surface 210 , a second image sensing surface 220 and a third image sensing surface 210 disposed on the substrate 21 at intervals. The image sensing surface 230 .

与被拍摄物之间的距离，由第一影像感测面210至第二影像感测面220、第三影像感测面230逐渐减小，即第一影像感测面210、第二影像感测面220和第三影像感测面230呈台阶状排列。The distance between the subject and the subject gradually decreases from the first image sensing surface 210 to the second image sensing surface 220 and the third image sensing surface 230, that is, the first image sensing surface 210, the second image sensing surface The measuring surface 220 and the third image sensing surface 230 are arranged in steps.

当然，第一影像感测面210、第二影像感测面220和第三影像感测面230与被拍摄物之间的距离并不限于本实施例的关系，只要三者之间具有高低关系即可。Of course, the distances between the first image sensing surface 210, the second image sensing surface 220 and the third image sensing surface 230 and the object are not limited to the relationship in this embodiment, as long as there is a relationship between the three That's it.

第一影像感测面210包括若干个第一成像单元211，该第一成像单元211排列成条状。第二影像感测面220同样包括若干个第二成像单元221且排列成条状，第三影像感测面230也同样包括若干个排列成条状的第三成像单元231。The first image sensing surface 210 includes a plurality of first imaging units 211 arranged in a strip. The second image sensing surface 220 also includes a plurality of second imaging units 221 arranged in a strip shape, and the third image sensing surface 230 also includes a plurality of third imaging units 231 arranged in a strip shape.

请参阅图4，本发明第三实施例的影像感测器30包括基底31和设置在基底31上的第一影像感测面310、第二影像感测面320、第三影像感测面330以及第四影像感测面340。Please refer to FIG. 4 , the image sensor 30 of the third embodiment of the present invention includes a substrate 31 and a first image sensing surface 310 , a second image sensing surface 320 , and a third image sensing surface 330 disposed on the substrate 31 and the fourth image sensing surface 340 .

距离被拍摄物的距离，由第四影像感测面340、第一影像感测面310、第二影像感测面320、第三影像感测面330逐渐减小，且第一影像感测面310、第二影像感测面320、第三影像感测面330以及第四影像感测面340间隔排列，即第一影像感测面310、第二影像感测面320、第三影像感测面330以及第四影像感测面340呈台阶状排列。The distance from the subject is gradually reduced from the fourth image sensing surface 340, the first image sensing surface 310, the second image sensing surface 320, and the third image sensing surface 330, and the first image sensing surface 310, the second image sensing surface 320, the third image sensing surface 330 and the fourth image sensing surface 340 are arranged at intervals, that is, the first image sensing surface 310, the second image sensing surface 320, the third image sensing surface The surface 330 and the fourth image sensing surface 340 are arranged in steps.

当然，影像感测器30的影像感测面并不限于四阶，其可以为五阶、六阶、七阶等。Of course, the image sensing surface of the image sensor 30 is not limited to four levels, and can be five levels, six levels, seven levels, etc.

如图5所示，侦测物体运动方向的装置40包括镜头模组41、影像感测器10和影像处理单元42，其用来侦测物体100的运动方向。As shown in FIG. 5 , the device 40 for detecting the moving direction of an object includes a lens module 41 , an image sensor 10 and an image processing unit 42 for detecting the moving direction of the object 100 .

被物体100反射的光线经过镜头模组41后在第一影像感测面110和第二影像感测面120上成像，影像处理单元42处理影像感测器10输出的影像信号以判断影像的清晰度。The light reflected by the object 100 is imaged on the first image sensing surface 110 and the second image sensing surface 120 after passing through the lens module 41, and the image processing unit 42 processes the image signal output by the image sensor 10 to determine the clarity of the image. Spend.

例如，在时间1，第一影像感测面110得到位于A点的物体100的影像P1、第二影像感测面120同样得到位于A点的物体100的影像P1′，影像处理单元42将影像P1和P1′进行傅立叶转换，然后根据转换结果得出影像P1′较影像P1清晰，此时可得出，物体100应该靠近第二最佳物平面；在时间2，第一影像感测面110得到位于B点的物体100的影像P2、第二影像感测面120同样得到位于B点的物体100的影像P2′，影像处理单元42将影像P2和P2′进行傅立叶转换，然后根据转换结果得出影像P2较影像P2′清晰，此时可得出，物体100应该靠近第一最佳物平面。此可判断出，物体向靠近影像感测器10的方向运动。For example, at time 1, the first image sensing surface 110 obtains the image P 1 of the object 100 at point A, and the second image sensing surface 120 also obtains the image P 1 ′ of the object 100 at point A, and the image processing unit 42 Perform Fourier transform on images P 1 and P 1 ′, and then obtain image P 1 ′ which is clearer than image P 1 according to the transformation result. At this time, it can be concluded that the object 100 should be close to the second best object plane; at time 2, the first An image sensing surface 110 obtains an image P 2 of the object 100 at point B, and a second image sensing surface 120 also obtains an image P 2 ′ of the object 100 at point B. The image processing unit 42 converts the images P 2 and P 2 'Fourier transform is carried out, and then the image P 2 is clearer than the image P 2 ′ according to the result of the transformation. At this time, it can be concluded that the object 100 should be close to the first optimal object plane. It can be judged that the object is moving towards the image sensor 10 .

当然，也可以采用CTF（Contrast Transfer Function，对比传递函数）值或者MTF（Modulation Transfer Function，调制传递函数）值表示影像的清晰度。Of course, CTF (Contrast Transfer Function, contrast transfer function) value or MTF (Modulation Transfer Function, modulation transfer function) value can also be used to represent the sharpness of the image.

另外，本领域技术人员还可以在本发明精神内做其它变化，当然，这些依据本发明精神所做的变化，都应包含在本发明所要求保护的范围之内。In addition, those skilled in the art can also make other changes within the spirit of the present invention. Of course, these changes made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. image sensor, it comprises a substrate, it is characterized in that: a plurality of the first image sensor surfaces and a plurality of the second image sensor surface are set in described substrate at least, described a plurality of the first image sensor surface and the second image sensor surface are spaced apart, and these a plurality of first image sensor surfaces and the second image sensor surface are in different level.
2. image sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the material of described substrate is silicon or silicon dioxide.
3. image sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first image sensor surface and the second image sensor surface are strip.
4. image sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described the first image sensor surface comprises the first image-generating unit of some stripe-arrangement, described the second image sensor surface comprises the second image-generating unit of some stripe-arrangement.
5. the device of a detecting movement direction of object, it comprises image sensor and image process unit, described image process unit and described image sensor are electrical connected, it is characterized in that: described image sensor comprises substrate, a plurality of the first image sensor surfaces and a plurality of the second image sensor surface are set in described substrate at least, described a plurality of the first image sensor surface and the second image sensor surface are spaced apart, and these a plurality of first image sensor surfaces and the second image sensor surface are in different level, described image process unit receives the image of described the first image sensor surface and the second image sensor surface and according to the direction of motion of the definition judgment object of image.
6. the device of a detecting movement direction of object as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that: further comprise being positioned at the first image sensor surface and the second image sensing camera lens module in front.
7. the device of a detecting movement direction of object as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described the first image sensor surface and the second image sensor surface are strip.
8. the device of a detecting movement direction of object as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: described the first image sensor surface comprises the first image-generating unit of some stripe-arrangement, described the second image sensor surface comprises the second image-generating unit of some stripe-arrangement.
9. the method for a detecting movement direction of object, it comprises the following steps:
Image sensor is provided, it comprises substrate and is arranged on described suprabasil a plurality of the first image sensor surfaces and a plurality of the second image sensor surface, described a plurality of the first image sensor surface and the second image sensor surface are spaced apart, and these a plurality of first image sensor surfaces and the second image sensor surface are in different level;
Utilize the first image sensor surface and second image sensor surface of described image sensor to obtain respectively object at the first image and second image of primary importance;
Relatively the definition of the first image and the second image is with the relativeness between judgement primary importance and image sensor;
Utilize the first image sensor surface and second image sensor surface of described image sensor to obtain respectively object at the 3rd image and the 4th image of the second place;
Relatively the definition of the 3rd image and the 4th image is with the relativeness between the judgement second place and image sensor;
Draw movement direction of object according to the relation of primary importance and the second place.
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