CN101894961B - New double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell - Google Patents
New double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN101894961B CN101894961B CN2010102344301A CN201010234430A CN101894961B CN 101894961 B CN101894961 B CN 101894961B CN 2010102344301 A CN2010102344301 A CN 2010102344301A CN 201010234430 A CN201010234430 A CN 201010234430A CN 101894961 B CN101894961 B CN 101894961B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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Abstract
The invention discloses a new double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell. The new double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell comprises cover plates, membrane electrodes, frames, a hydrogen board, a hydrogen supply device, ambient air or a fan, wherein two cover plates, two membrane electrodes, two frames and one hydrogen end plate are assembled and packaged in a certain sequence; and then hydrogen is introduced so as to form the new double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell. Compared with the prior art, the new double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell has the advantages of simple structure, readily available raw material, easy processing, low cost, light weight, convenient and rapid assembly, no other complex devices, and suitability for batch production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell, belong to the electrochemical fuel cell field.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidant can be changed into electric energy and product, the internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly, be called for short MEA), membrane electrode (MEA) has a proton exchange membrane, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder, forms such as carbon paper.Contain the catalyst of the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion in two boundary faces of film and carbon paper, such as the metal platinum catalyst.The electronics that the membrane electrode both sides can will occur to generate in the electrochemical reaction process with conductive body is drawn by external circuit, consists of current circuit.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and at catalyst surface electrochemical reaction occurs, lose electronics, form cation, cation can pass proton exchange membrane by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidant (such as oxygen), such as air, pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and obtain electronics in catalyst surface generation electrochemical reaction, form anion.The cation of coming in anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms product.
Be fuel adopting hydrogen, the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidant (or pure oxygen is oxidant), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen cation (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of anode region.Proton exchange membrane is helping the hydrogen cation to move to the cathodic region from the anode region.In addition, air-flow and oxygen containing air-flow that proton exchange membrane will contain hydrogen fuel are kept apart, and they can not mixed mutually produce the explosion type reaction.
In the cathodic region, oxygen obtains electronics at catalyst surface, forms anion, and moves the hydrogen cation reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the anode region.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be used equation expression:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In typical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every baffler contacts with membrane electrode, and formation is the guiding gutter of one or more at least.These guide plates can be the pole plates of metal material, also can be the pole plates of graphite material.Water conservancy diversion duct on these guide plates and guiding gutter import fuel and oxidant respectively anode region and the cathodic region on membrane electrode both sides.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the baffler of anode fuel and the baffler of cathode oxidant.These bafflers are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the guiding gutter on the baffler acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of positive cathode surface with oxidant, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation.
In order to increase the gross power of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells usually can be connected into by straight folded mode battery pack or the mode by tiling and be unified into battery pack, in straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be guiding gutter on the two sides of a pole plate, wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together and forms a battery pack by certain, mode.Battery pack usually tightens together by front end-plate, end plate and pull bar and becomes one.
A typical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells group generally includes: water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (such as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or the hydrogen-rich gas that obtained by methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline) and oxidant (mainly being oxygen or air) in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (such as water) are evenly distributed to the cooling water fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated and take battery pack out of after dispel the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when getting rid of, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of gaseous state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel cell unit or on two end plates.
In sum, present Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells still has the following disadvantages: (1) complex structure because many auxiliary equipment such as damping device, cooling device need to be arranged, removes and installs inconvenience.(2) cost is high, weight is large, the baffler of present Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells mainly is to be milled through die casting, punching press or machinery by carbon plate to be carved into different baffler, because the cost of carbon plate is higher, density is larger, when making powerful fuel cell, just price is high, volume is large, weight is large so that overall fuel cell exists, and carries the weak points such as inconvenient.And when making micro fuel cell, the machining on the carbon plate just has very large difficulty.(3) be subjected to the restriction of membrane electrode and carbon plate, make superhuge fuel cell and be not easy.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to overcome in the existing fuel cell shortcoming one or all, realizes the simplifying the structure of fuel cell, cost is low, lightweight, easy to process, the characteristics such as material is easy to get, and a kind of novel open type hydrogen-air fuel cell is provided.
According to one embodiment of present invention, the invention provides a kind of double-core open type hydrogen air-fuel battery, comprise successively stacked the first cover plate (1) of order, the first membrane electrode (2), the first framework (3), hydrogen plate (4), the second framework (5), the second membrane electrode (6), the second cover plate (7), wherein said hydrogen plate (7) is positioned at the middle inside of described battery, described the first and second cover plates lay respectively at two outsides of described battery, the positive pole of described battery is in the inboard of described two cover plates, has the hydrogen through hole on the described hydrogen plate, the negative pole of described battery is in the both sides of described hydrogen plate (7), described the first membrane electrode and the second membrane electrode are the membrane electrode from humidification, has self-moistening function, with the moisture that produces in the course of reaction, be directly used in the film humidification, make film keep certain humidity.
According to another preferred embodiment, first and second cover plate all is to be made by the single-clad board material, and one side is conducting surface, and another side is insulating surfaces, conducting surface at printed circuit board (PCB) with metallic conduction sheet and making, the act as a fuel collector plate of battery of described conducting surface.
According to another preferred embodiment, have respectively one or more lugs (501) on described the first and second cover plates, described lug is used for adopting electric output current.
According to another preferred embodiment, air vent hole (502) is set on described the first and second cover plates, air enters described battery by the described air vent hole on the described cover plate.
According to another preferred embodiment, described hydrogen plate (4) is made by the double-sided printed-circuit board material, the two sides all is conducting surfaces, this conducting surface be at printed circuit board (PCB) with metallic conduction sheet and making, the act as a fuel collector plate of battery of described conducting surface.
According to another preferred embodiment, hydrogen through hole on the described hydrogen plate (4) comprise one or more run through described hydrogen plate up and down through hole (304) and one or more with the described through hole (303) that runs through described hydrogen plate through hole (304) transverse intersection up and down, the angle between the described through hole (303) that runs through through hole (304) about the described hydrogen plate and described transverse intersection is 90 to spend.
According to another preferred embodiment, the upper and lower side of described hydrogen plate has lug (301), described lug is used for adopting electric output current, and described lug (301) is distributed in the up and down edges at two ends place of described hydrogen plate, and about the cross central line left-right symmetric of described hydrogen plate.
According to another preferred embodiment, there is air intake duct (302) and the gas off-take (305) that communicates with described through hole at the up and down two ends of described hydrogen plate, the feeder and the retracting device that connect respectively hydrogen, described hydrogen plate also comprises the lug that is arranged on hydrogen plate two ends, and the lug at described two ends is integrally formed with described air intake duct (302) and gas off-take (305) respectively.
According to another preferred embodiment, described the first framework has identical structure with the second framework, the material of described two frameworks is the plastics with some strength, rubber or through insulation processing and the material of some strength is arranged, each has two sides and two end faces up and down in described two frameworks, a side in described two sides is with platform (403) and lug groove (401), platform has the effect of location and closure film electrode and cover plate, described lug groove is used for the lug on the fixing described cover plate, and the quantity of the lug on the wherein said framework on the quantity of lug groove and the cover plate of locating thereon is identical.
According to another preferred embodiment, described the first framework has identical structure with the second framework, the material of described two frameworks is the plastics with some strength, rubber or through insulation processing and the material of some strength is arranged, each has two sides and two end faces up and down in described two frameworks, on described up and down two end faces along on the position of cross central line, be respectively arranged with a boss, the hole (402) that one and half shapes are respectively arranged with described hydrogen plate sides adjacent on the described boss, half shape hole of the boss of the hole of this half shape and another one framework is closed into a complete hole air flue with air intake duct and the gas off-take of described hydrogen plate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 fuel cell structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 fuel cell structure decomposing schematic representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 hydrogen plate structure of the present invention schematic diagram comprises end view and front view;
Fig. 4 frame structure schematic diagram of the present invention comprises end view and front view;
Fig. 5 covering plate structure schematic diagram of the present invention comprises end view and front view.
Embodiment
The below illustrates specific embodiments of the invention on basis by reference to the accompanying drawings, on the basis of these embodiment, it is clearer that advantage of the present invention will be given prominence to, obviously, these embodiment only are for simple examples of the present invention, conduct is not for restriction of the present invention, and all include within the scope of the invention without distortion and improvement that performing creative labour obtains those skilled in the art on this basis.
For ease of explanation, at first define direction, this application mentioned vertically or above-below direction is and a horizontal vertical direction, above-below direction is mutually vertical with the direction of fuel cell stack with horizontal formed plane, also is above-below direction and laterally is positioned at the face perpendicular with stacked direction.
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of fuel cell of the present invention, and accompanying drawing 1 is the schematic diagram of fuel cell of the present invention after assembling.
Described fuel cell is the fuel cell of a double-core formula, contains two membrane electrodes, a hydrogen plate.The positive pole of fuel cell is in the inboard of described two cover plates, and negative pole is distributed in the both sides of hydrogen plate.
Described two cover plates are made by single-clad board (single face pcb board) material, and namely printed circuit board (PCB) simultaneously is conducting surface, the another side insulation, and conducting surface is preferably made with the metallic conduction sheet at printed circuit board (PCB).The act as a fuel collector plate of battery of conducting surface.Accompanying drawing 5 is structural representations of cover plate of the present invention, and referring to Fig. 5, cover plate has one or more lug (501).Lug is used for adopting electric output current, the size of what and big or small fuel cell power of lug and decide if fuel battery power is little, then can adopt electricity with a lug to export, if fuel battery power is large, then can adopt electricity output with a plurality of lugs.
Be furnished with a plurality of air vent holes (502) on the cover plate, the size of described a plurality of air vent holes can be identical, also can be different, and air enters fuel cell by the described air vent hole on the cover plate, participates in reaction.
The hydrogen plate of telling is double-sided printed-circuit board (double-sided PCB board), and namely the two sides of printed circuit board (PCB) all is conducting surfaces, and conducting surface is preferably made with the metallic conduction sheet at printed circuit board (PCB), and conducting surface also is the collector plate of battery of acting as a fuel.Accompanying drawing 3 is structural representations of hydrogen plate among the present invention, and end has lug (301) above and/or under the hydrogen plate, and this lug also is used for adopting electric output current.The hydrogen plate has one or more to run through whole hydrogen plate through hole (304) and one or more and the through hole (303) of through hole (304) transverse intersection up and down, and the angle between through hole (304) and the through hole (303) is preferably 90.Through hole (304) is preferably placed on the hydrogen plate center line transversely only having in one the situation, the through hole (304) that runs through whole center line is the air supply channel of hydrogen, in addition, lug (301) is preferably distributed in the up and down edges at two ends place of hydrogen plate, and preferably up and down the lug at two ends about through hole (304) left-right symmetric of center line.And at the up and down two ends of hydrogen plate air intake duct (302) and the gas off-take (305) that communicates with through hole arranged, can connect the feeder of hydrogen and the retracting device of hydrogen, wherein the position of air intake duct and gas off-take can exchange.The cross through hole that intersects with center line is the gas flow of hydrogen, can make hydrogen be full of equably whole hydrogen end plate, thereby react more fully.Can imagine that lug wherein (301) can also be separately positioned on air intake duct (302) and the gas off-take (305), also be about to lug and consist of into and out of the air flue one.So not only can save manufacturing cost, realize simultaneously the saving in space.
The material of described framework preferably has plastics, rubber or the process insulation processing of some strength and insulation and the other materials of some strength is arranged.Accompanying drawing 4 is structural representations of middle frame of the present invention, and framework has two sides and two end faces up and down.A side in two sides of framework is with platform (403) and lug groove (401), platform has the effect of location and closure film electrode and cover plate, and the lug on the cover plate is stuck in the lug groove (401) fixing, on its middle frame on the quantity of lug groove and the cover plate quantity of lug groove identical.The another side is the plane, and it is adjacent with the hydrogen plate.Along on the position of center line, be respectively arranged with a boss on described up and down two end faces.With hydrogen plate sides adjacent a semicircle or half square hole (402) are arranged respectively on the boss.Can hydrogen plate air intake duct and gas off-take be closed into a circle or square hole air flue with the semicircle of the boss of another one framework or half square hole.This hole air flue has increased aperture and the mechanical strength of hydrogen inlet port and gas off-take, is conducive in air feed and installation.The shape that is appreciated that above-mentioned hole air flue is not limited to circular or square, other arbitrarily shape all are acceptables, on each boss, have a symmetrical structure half shape hole air flue as long as satisfy.
Assembling sequence is, a membrane electrode is placed on the platform of a framework, and with being placed on the membrane electrode an of cover plate, the conducting surface of cover plate contacts with membrane electrode, and the lug on the cover plate is stuck in the lug groove of framework, namely becomes an airtight module again.Again with two identical hydrogen plates of above-mentioned module therebetween, the planar side of framework and the bonding closure of hydrogen end plate, the air intake duct of the boss on the framework and hydrogen plate and gas off-take just are closed into circular or square air vent hole, link to each other with retracting device with the feeder of hydrogen at last, pass into hydrogen, then just made a new double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell.
Claims (4)
1. double-core open type hydrogen air-fuel battery, it is characterized in that: comprise successively stacked the first cover plate (1) of order, the first membrane electrode (2), the first framework (3), hydrogen plate (4), the second framework (5), the second membrane electrode (6) and the second cover plate (7), wherein said hydrogen plate (4) is positioned at the middle inside of described battery, described the first and second cover plates lay respectively at two outsides of described battery, the positive pole of described battery is in the inboard of described the first and second cover plates, the negative pole of described battery is in the both sides of described hydrogen plate (7), has the hydrogen through hole on the described hydrogen plate, described the first membrane electrode and the second membrane electrode are the membrane electrode from humidification, has self-moistening function, with the moisture that produces in the course of reaction, be directly used in the film humidification, make film keep certain humidity, described first and second cover plate is made by the single-clad board material, one side is conducting surface, another side is insulating surfaces, described conducting surface is made with the metallic conduction sheet at printed circuit board (PCB), and described conducting surface is as the collector plate of described battery; Described hydrogen plate (4) is made by the double-sided printed-circuit board material, the two sides all is conducting surfaces, two conducting surfaces of this hydrogen plate are to make with the metallic conduction sheet at printed circuit board (PCB), the act as a fuel collector plate of battery of two conducting surfaces of described hydrogen plate, hydrogen through hole on the described hydrogen plate (4) comprises that one or more runs through described hydrogen plate the first through hole (304) and one or more and second through hole (303) of described the first through hole (304) transverse intersection up and down, and the angle between described the first through hole (304) and described the second through hole (303) is 90 to spend.
2. battery according to claim 1 is characterized in that: have respectively one or more lugs (501) on described the first and second cover plates, described lug is used for adopting electric output current.
3. battery according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, air vent hole (502) is set respectively on described the first and second cover plates, and air enters described battery by the described air vent hole (502) on the cover plate.
4. battery according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, there is air intake duct (302) and the gas off-take (305) that communicates with described through hole at the up and down two ends of described hydrogen plate, the feeder and the retracting device that connect respectively hydrogen, described hydrogen plate also comprises the lug that is arranged on hydrogen plate two ends, and the lug at described two ends is integrally formed with described air intake duct (302) and gas off-take (305) respectively.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102344301A CN101894961B (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | New double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2010102344301A CN101894961B (en) | 2010-07-23 | 2010-07-23 | New double-core open type hydrogen-air fuel cell |
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| CN101894961A CN101894961A (en) | 2010-11-24 |
| CN101894961B true CN101894961B (en) | 2013-03-27 |
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| CN103196972A (en) * | 2013-04-19 | 2013-07-10 | 中国科学院城市环境研究所 | Fabrication method of optically transparent electrode of bioelectrochemical system |
| CN110299542B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2023-07-18 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Fuel cell unit, fuel cell stack and fuel cell |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1532972A (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-09-29 | ��̫ȼ�ϵ�ؿƼ��ɷ�����˾ | low power air-cooled fuel cell system |
| CN101682062A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2010-03-24 | 佳能株式会社 | Fuel cell system and activation method for fuel cell |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5005214B2 (en) * | 2005-12-19 | 2012-08-22 | 東芝燃料電池システム株式会社 | Fuel cell manufacturing method and fuel cell manufacturing apparatus |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1532972A (en) * | 2003-03-24 | 2004-09-29 | ��̫ȼ�ϵ�ؿƼ��ɷ�����˾ | low power air-cooled fuel cell system |
| CN101682062A (en) * | 2007-06-14 | 2010-03-24 | 佳能株式会社 | Fuel cell system and activation method for fuel cell |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开2007-172844A 2007.07.05 |
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