CN101812810A - Supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing method of ready-made clothes - Google Patents

Abstract

Clothing supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing method. The technological process is as follows: put the dyes and garments into the supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device in sequence; heat to make the temperature 70-150°C, turn on the high-pressure system to make the pressure 15-25MPa, and dye under this condition for 50 minutes. ~120min; then release the pressure and keep it at 4~5MPa, 25~40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to normal to obtain dyed fabrics. It is characterized by anhydrous dyeing of white blank garments; dyes and carbon dioxide involved in dyeing can be recycled; garments do not need to be washed after dyeing; processing is not limited by order size; production cycle is short; only garments are dyed, no leftovers; true Energy saving and environmental protection, in line with the development requirements of low-carbon economy.

Description

Clothing supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of textile printing and dyeing. It specifically involves the use of carbon dioxide dyes dissolved in a supercritical state for garment printing and dyeing.

Background technique

Since my country's accession to the WTO, while the textile industry has developed at a high speed, clean production, energy conservation and emission reduction have also achieved certain results. However, under the circumstances of increasing shortage of water resources and deteriorating environmental pollution, resources and the environment still restrict the healthy and sustainable development of the textile industry. The water consumption of my country's textile industry remains high, and the pollution problem is more prominent. According to the statistics of the State Environmental Protection Administration, the total amount of wastewater discharged by the printing and dyeing industry ranks fifth in the total discharge of the national manufacturing industry. The water consumption per unit product of printing and dyeing enterprises is generally about three times that of developed countries, while the water reuse rate lags behind that of the manufacturing industry. The industry average is only 7%.

In 2003, the UK put forward the concept of "low-carbon economy" for the first time in its energy white paper "Our Energy Future: Creating a Low-Carbon Economy". In 2006, the "Stern Report" led by former World Bank Chief Economist Nicholas Stern called for a global transition to a low-carbon economy. At the same time, our country is constantly improving the mode of economic growth and implementing the strategy of sustainable development. In the "two sessions" in 2008, Wu Xiaoqing, a member of the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, explicitly raised "low-carbon economy" to the agenda. On November 25, 2009, Premier Wen Jiabao of the State Council chaired an executive meeting of the State Council to study and deploy work on climate change, and decided that by 2020 China's carbon dioxide emissions per unit of GDP would be reduced by 40%-45% compared to 2005.

As early as more than 100 years ago, people noticed that when the gas is compressed above the critical point to make it reach the critical state, the gas's ability to dissolve the solute will be greatly enhanced. In the past 20 years, supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing technology has been actively researched and developed around the world. With the accumulation of experience in thermodynamics and mass transfer research of supercritical fluids, a solid foundation has been provided for the progress of supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing technology. In polyester, cotton, linen, wool and other loose fibers and their fabric dyeing, good results have been obtained ^[1-7] .

The term "supercritical state" refers to a state exceeding the critical temperature and critical pressure inherent in each compound. Substances in this state are called supercritical fluids, which have intermediate properties between gases and liquids. supercritical fluid

The viscosity of the supercritical fluid is close to that of the gas, and the diffusion coefficient is between the gas and the liquid. Its permeability is large, and the penetration of the substance is faster than that of the liquid; after compression, the supercritical fluid can obtain almost the same density as the liquid, and its solubility Strong, has the property of dissolving nonpolar or low polar substances well. 1989 Ruhr- Bochum realized the supercritical CO ₂ anhydrous dyeing of polyester fiber on a laboratory scale for the first time ^[4] , which caused a sensation in the dyeing and finishing industry in the world. The critical temperature of carbon dioxide is 31.1°C, and the critical pressure is 7.39MPa, which can be in a supercritical state under relatively safe conditions. Using supercritical carbon dioxide as the dyeing medium completely eliminates the generation of printing and dyeing wastewater, truly realizes anhydrous dyeing, fundamentally solves the problem of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment, and protects water resources; process, reducing energy consumption; carbon dioxide is non-toxic, non-explosive, cheap and easy to obtain, and can be recycled, so there is no harmful gas emission during the dyeing process; residual dyes can be recycled, which greatly improves the utilization rate of dyes. It is an environmentally friendly dyeing process with high technical content. Under the background of low-carbon economy, it represents the development direction of the dyeing and finishing industry ^[8-10] .

Affected by the international financial crisis, since the second half of 2008, the domestic and foreign clothing markets have fallen into the trough of depression. However, in the sluggish clothing market, garment-dyed garments have sprung up, boosting the confidence of the textile and garment industry. Garment dyeing refers to the process of sewing gray fabrics or semi-finished products that have been pre-scoured and bleached into garments and then dyeing them. Most of the garment dyeing is to dye the semi-finished fabrics after scouring and bleaching into white blank garments. In this way, garments made of various fibers can be dyed and delivered in a short period of time, which can well adapt to the fast-paced and changing garment industry, and are more and more popular in the market. However, the current dyeing of garments still stays in the traditional dyeing method, which cannot get rid of the dilemma of water and energy consumption, and cannot meet the requirements of sustainable development under the low-carbon economy ^[11-13] .

references

[1] A.Schmidt, E.Bach, E.Scholmeyer. The dyeing of natural fibers with reactive disperse dyes in supercritical carbon dioxide. Dyes and Pihments, 2003, 56: 27～35.

[2] ZHENG Laijiu, MA Dongxia. Study on the nonnaqueous cleanliness dying technology by supercritical CO ₂ [A]. World Engineers' Convention Treatise [C]. Shanghai: World Engineer Association, 2004.

[3] Gao Dawei, Zheng Laijiu. Research on supercritical CO ₂ anhydrous dyeing technology of cotton fabrics [J]. Journal of Tianjin University of Technology, 2008, 27(5): 90-92.

[4] Ma Dongxia, Zheng Laijiu, Jia Chunxue. Discussion on supercritical carbon dioxide anhydrous dyeing of linen fabrics. Textile Herald, 2005, 1:51～54.

[5] Ma Dongxia, Zheng Laijiu. Research on Supercritical CO ₂ Dyeing Technology of Natural Fibers. Shanghai Textile Science and Technology, 2005, 33(3): 13～16.

[6] Liu Zhiwei, Zheng Laijiu. Research on supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing of wool fabrics. Wool Technology, 2005, 3: 9-12.

[7] Zheng Laijiu, Liu Zhiwei, Ji Ting, etc. Supercritical CO ₂ Dyeing Technology. Chemical Engineering, 2006, 34(9): 71～74.

[8] Saus W et al. Water2free Dyeing of Synthetic Material Dyeing in Supercritical CO ₂ . International Textile Bulletin Dyeing/Printing/Finishing, 1993(1): 20～22.

[9] Knitte D E etal. Application of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide in Finishing Processes. Text. Inst., 1993 (4): 534～552.

[10] Gorgi R D et al. Dyeing Polyester Fibers with Disperse Dyes in Supercritical CO ₂ . Dyes and Pigments, 2000(1): 75～79.

[11] Ji Li, Huang Xu. Garment Dyeing of Pure Cotton High Count and High Density Poplin [J]. Textile Science and Technology Progress, 2008(5): 57～58.

[12] Qin Yumin. Present situation and development of garment dyeing [J]. Jiangsu Silk, 2006(6): 21-23.

[13] Garment dyeing graphics integrated artistic dyeing and finishing process. Publication number: CN1563559.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems and defects in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a technique for dyeing garments with supercritical fluid.

Garment supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing technology is to use supercritical carbon dioxide fluid to dye white garments in a device, that is, to color white garments without water and other printing and dyeing auxiliaries.

Aiming at the problems and defects in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a technique for dyeing garments with supercritical fluid.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: place dyes and fabrics in a supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device, realize supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing under the set process conditions, and release the pressure after completion to recover carbon dioxide and dyes. The technological process is as follows: put dyes and garments in a supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device in turn, heat them to a temperature of 70-150°C, turn on the high-pressure system to make the pressure 15-25MPa, and carry out dyeing under these conditions for a time of 50-120min; then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to normal to obtain dyed fabrics; and perform performance analysis tests on them. Dyed garments are polyester, nylon, wool, silk, cotton and their blended fabrics. Described dyestuff is disperse dyestuff, direct dyestuff, reactive disperse dyestuff, reactive dyestuff, is preferably with disperse dyestuff. The mass ratio of the dye to the finished garment is 1:5-20, preferably 1:10-12.

According to GB/T.3921.1-1997 Textile Color Fastness Test Color Fastness to Washing, GB7565-87 Textile Color Fastness Test Cotton and Viscose Standard Lining Fabric Specifications and GB6151-857 Textile Color Fastness Test Color Fastness Evaluation , for fabric color fastness testing and analysis. The results show that the color fastness to rubbing and color fastness to washing of the dyed fabric can both meet the requirements of clothing fabrics: the color fastness to rubbing can reach 3-4 grades, and the color fastness to washing can reach 3-5 grades.

Compared with the prior art, the outstanding features of the present invention are:

1. Realize the dyeing of white blank garments with supercritical carbon dioxide fluid. After dyeing, there is no need for post-processing, shortening the production cycle, and directly entering the market.

2. During the dyeing process, no water is needed, and the dyes and carbon dioxide involved in dyeing can be recycled, and the finished garment does not need to be washed after dyeing. It is truly energy-saving and environmentally friendly, and meets the development requirements of a low-carbon economy.

3. The color is more natural, richer and more diverse. It has a casual and fashionable style, and has a sense of unity. The processing can keep up with the dynamic changes of the market at any time, and cater to the needs of the rapid changes in the popular market.

4. The processing is not limited by the size of the order, ranging from a few pieces to hundreds of pieces, thus reducing the inventory.

5. The processing process is simple and convenient, and the production cycle is short; and because only the garment is dyed, there is no loss of leftover material dyeing processing, and the production is clean.

6. The dyeing quality is good, the comprehensive cost is low, the product added value is high, and the economic benefit is remarkable.

7. It has changed the shortcomings of traditional clothing processing, such as cross-industry, multi-link, and long delivery time. The clothing factory can choose materials, make clothes, dye and finish in the same department, and the production cycle is shortened by 2/3~3/ 4.

Detailed ways

Example 1

Disperse turquoise blue dye 3g is placed in the dye kettle of the supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device. Take 30g of polyester-cotton blended white blank T-shirt and wind it on the distributor, and place it in the dyeing kettle. Turn on the heating system and refrigeration system to make the device reach the temperature required for dyeing at 90-110°C; turn on the high-pressure system to make the device reach the pressure required for dyeing at 15-25Mpa, and the dyeing is completed after 60-90 minutes. Then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to the normal state to obtain dyed fabrics; the dyed fabrics are blue, and the color fastness to rubbing is 3-40°C. Grade 3.5 and color fastness to washing can reach grade 3.5-4.5.

Example 2

3.5g of disperse turquoise blue dye is placed in the dye kettle of the supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device. Take 30g of polyester white blank sports pants and wind them on the distributor, and place them in the dyeing kettle. Turn on the heating system and refrigeration system to make the device reach the required temperature of 90-110°C for dyeing; turn on the high-pressure system to make the device reach the required pressure of 15-23Mpa for dyeing, and the dyeing is completed after 60 minutes. Then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to the normal state to get dyed fabric; the dyed fabric is blue, and the color fastness to rubbing is grade 4 And the color fastness to washing can reach level 5.

Example 3

Disperse red dye 2.5g is placed in the dye still of supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device. Get 30g polyester filament silk scarf and wrap it on the distributor, place it in the dyeing kettle. Turn on the heating system and refrigeration system to make the device reach the temperature required for dyeing at 90-110°C; turn on the high-pressure system to make the device reach the pressure required for dyeing at 15-25Mpa, and the dyeing is completed after 60-90 minutes. Then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to the normal state to obtain dyed fabrics; the dyed fabrics are red, and the color fastness to rubbing is grade 3 and 3. The color fastness to washing can reach grade 3-4.

Example 4

Reactive disperse red dye 3g is placed in the dye still of supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device. Take 30g woolen knitted shawl and wrap it on the distributor, place it in the dyeing kettle. Turn on the heating system and refrigeration system to make the device reach the temperature required for dyeing at 90-110°C; turn on the high-pressure system to make the device reach the pressure required for dyeing at 15-25Mpa, and the dyeing is completed after 60-90 minutes. Then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to normal state to get dyed fabric; the dyed fabric is red, and the color fastness to rubbing is 3-3.5 Grade and washing color fastness can reach 3.5 to 4.5 grades.

Example 5

Reactive disperse green dye 2g is placed in the dye still of supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device. Take 30g silk handkerchief and wrap it on the distributor, place it in the dyeing kettle. Turn on the heating system and refrigeration system to make the device reach the required temperature of 90°C for dyeing; turn on the high-pressure system to make the device reach the required pressure of 18-20Mpa for dyeing, and the dyeing is completed after 60-70 minutes. Then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to the normal state to obtain dyed fabrics; the dyed fabrics are green, and the color fastness to rubbing is grade 3 and 3. The color fastness to washing can reach grade 3.5-4.

Example 6

Reactive yellow dye 3g is placed in the dye still of supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device. Take 30g nylon elastic stockings and wrap them on the distributor, and place them in the dyeing kettle. Turn on the heating system and refrigeration system to make the device reach the required temperature of 90°C for dyeing; turn on the high-pressure system to make the device reach the required pressure of 18-20Mpa for dyeing, and the dyeing is completed after 60-70 minutes. Then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to the normal state to obtain dyed fabrics; the dyed fabrics are green, and the color fastness to rubbing is grade 3 and 3. The color fastness to washing can reach grade 3.5-4.

Example 7

Disperse green dye 4g is placed in the dye still of supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device. Get 30g polyester knitted sweater and wrap it on the distributor, place it in the dyeing kettle. Turn on the heating system and refrigeration system to make the device reach the required temperature of 90-110°C for dyeing; turn on the high-pressure system to make the device reach the required pressure of 18-25MPa for dyeing, and the extraction and dyeing is completed in one step after 60-80 minutes. Then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to the normal state to obtain dyed fabrics; the dyed fabrics are green, and the color fastness to rubbing is 3-4 Grade and washing color fastness can reach 3.5 to 4.5 grades.

Example 8

Place 3 g of direct blue dye in the dye kettle of the supercritical dyeing carbon dioxide device. Take 30g of pure cotton women's skirts and wrap them on the distributor, and place them in the dyeing kettle. Turn on the heating system and refrigeration system to make the device reach the required temperature of 90-110°C for extraction and dyeing; turn on the high-pressure system to make the device reach the required pressure of 15-25Mpa for dyeing, and the dyeing is completed after 60-70 minutes. Then release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and cool down to normal to get dyed fabric; the dyed fabric is blue, and the color fastness to rubbing is grade 3 And the color fastness to washing can reach 3.5 to 4 grades.

Claims (7)

1. The supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing method for ready-made garments is characterized in that the technological process is as follows: Put the dye and the finished garment in the supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing device in turn; heat to make the temperature 70-150°C, turn on the high-pressure system to make the pressure 15-25MPa, and dye under this condition for 50-120 minutes; then Release the pressure and keep it at 4-5MPa, 25-40°C to recover carbon dioxide and dyes; release the pressure and lower the temperature to normal to obtain dyed fabrics; Wherein: said dyestuff is disperse dyestuff, direct dyestuff, reactive disperse dyestuff, reactive dyestuff; The fiber of said ready-made garment fabric is polyester, nylon, wool, silk, cotton and blended fabric thereof; The mass ratio of dyestuff and ready-made garment is 1:5 ~20. 2. according to the described supercritical carbon dioxide garment dyeing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described dyestuff is disperse dyestuff. 3. The method for dyeing clothes with supercritical carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that said heating is to make its temperature 80-120°C. 4. according to the described garment supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described opening high-pressure system makes its pressure be 20～25Mpa. 5. The method for dyeing clothes with supercritical carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that the time for dyeing is 50 to 90 minutes. 6. The method for dyeing clothes with supercritical carbon dioxide according to claim 1, characterized in that the process conditions in the process flow are: heating to make its temperature 80-120°C; opening the high-pressure system to make its pressure 20-25MPa; dyeing The time is 50 ~ 90min. 7. according to the described garment supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing method in any one of claim 1～6, it is characterized in that the mass ratio of described dyestuff and ready-made garment is 1: 10～12.