CN101811203A - Three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling blade - Google Patents

Abstract

The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling blade consists of a body, wherein a first positive rake angle and a second positive rake angle are formed on the front tool face of the body, the first positive rake angle is 0 degrees, the body is equally divided into a plurality of unit edges by taking the geometric axis as the center, the width of the first positive rake angle face of each unit edge is gradually increased along with the increase of the cutting width from the bottom of the unit edge, and the angle of the second positive rake angle of each unit edge is increased along with the increase of the cutting width from the bottom of the unit edge; the plurality of unit edges can be used in an indexable way, so that the utilization rate of the milling cutter blade is improved; in the use process, the first positive rake angle surface with the width gradually increased along with the increase of the cutting width can better adapt to the gradually increased cutting force, so that the cutting force can be uniformly distributed, and the phenomenon that the local cutting force of a cutting edge is overlarge to cause abrasion or edge breakage is avoided; the second positive rake angle, which increases in angle with the increase of the cutting width from the bottom of the unit blade, can accommodate chips with gradually increasing thickness due to the increase of the cutting width, and can smoothly discharge the chips.

Description

Three-dimensional groove shape circular milling insert

Technical field:

The invention relates to the technical field of milling tools, in particular to a three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert.

Background technique:

During the milling process, the cutting edge of the milling cutter cuts the surface of the workpiece to be processed, and when the allowance is removed, the reaction force of the workpiece to the tool forms a cutting force. During the cutting process, the angle between the cutting edge and the cutting plane, that is, the main deflection angle, has a great influence on the radial cutting force and cutting width. The size of the radial cutting force directly affects the cutting power and the vibration resistance of the tool; the smaller the entering angle of the milling cutter, the smaller the radial cutting force and the better the vibration resistance, but the cutting width also decreases.

Unlike straight-edged inserts, round milling inserts have circular arc-shaped cutting edges, which means that the entering angle changes continuously from 0° to 90°, and the pressure generated during processing mainly depends on the cutting width. The development of modern insert geometric groove shape makes the round milling insert have the advantages of stable cutting effect, low demand for machine tool power, and good stability. Today, it is no longer an effective roughing cutter and is used extensively in both face milling and end milling.

During the cutting process of circular milling inserts, due to the different main deflection angles of the cutting edges participating in the cutting, the cutting widths of the cutting edges in the same footage are different, and the cutting forces are also different. However, the existing round milling inserts Most of the groove shapes of circular milling inserts have the same shape and size in the entire circumference, so the cutting force distribution is unbalanced, the working state is unreasonable when the cutting width of the insert changes, and local wear or chipping is prone to occur, which affects the entire circular milling insert. blade life.

Invention content:

The object of the present invention is to provide an indexable three-dimensional grooved circular milling insert that can maintain good working conditions at different cutting widths of the cutting edge and smooth chip removal.

The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical measures:

The three-dimensional flute-shaped circular milling insert is composed of a substantially conical body, a cutting edge is formed between the rake face and the side face of the body, and a first positive rake angle is sequentially formed on the rake face from the side face to the center surface and the second positive rake surface; the angle between the first positive rake surface and the plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of the body is the first positive rake angle, and the first positive rake angle is 0°; the second positive rake angle The acute angle formed by the rake surface and the plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of the body is the second positive rake angle; From the bottom of the unit edge, the width of the corner surface gradually increases with the increase of the cutting width, and the second positive rake angle of each unit edge increases with the increase of the cutting width from the bottom of the unit edge.

Further technical solutions of the present invention include:

Each unit edge includes a working zone and a transition zone in turn; the width of the first positive rake surface gradually increases in the working zone, and transitions to the first positive surface of the next unit edge at the end of the transition zone. The width of the starting point of the rake surface; the second positive rake angle gradually increases in the working range, and transitions to the starting point angle of the second positive rake angle of the next unit edge at the end of the transition range.

Wherein, the central angle of the transition zone is 1/5-1/3 of the central angle of the working zone.

Further, the transition zone includes a first transition zone and a second transition zone, the first transition zone is close to the working zone, and the second transition zone is close to the working zone of the adjacent unit edge; the first positive rake angle The width of the surface gradually increases in the first transition zone, and the second positive rake angle gradually decreases in the first transition zone; the width of the first positive rake surface in the second transition zone The width gradually decreases to the starting point width of the first positive rake angle of the adjacent unit edge, and the second positive rake angle gradually decreases to the second positive rake angle starting angle of the adjacent unit edge in the second transition region.

Wherein, the central angles of the first transition section and the second transition section are equal.

More preferably, the body is equally divided into 6 identical unit blades, and the central angle of the working area of each unit blade is 45°-50°.

According to the above, the body is formed with a relief angle outside the cutting edge.

Wherein, the body is provided with a transitional reinforcing chamfer between the cutting edge and the rear corner.

The side of the body is respectively provided with a positioning plane for positioning the unit blade corresponding to the position of each of the unit blades, and a positioning pit is recessed near the center of the rake face of each unit blade.

A clamping hole is opened at the center of the body along the direction of its central axis.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert is composed of a substantially conical body, a cutting edge is formed between the rake face and the side of the body, and the rake face is formed sequentially from the side to the center There are a first positive rake surface and a second positive rake surface; the angle between the first positive rake surface and a plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of the body is the first positive rake angle, and the first positive rake angle is 0°; the acute angle formed by the second positive rake surface and the plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of the body is the second positive rake angle; the body is equally divided into a plurality of unit blades centered on the geometric axis, each The first positive rake angle of each unit edge increases gradually from the bottom of the unit edge as the cutting width increases, and the second positive rake angle of each unit edge increases from the bottom of the unit edge as the cutting width increases. Since the body is equally divided into multiple unit edges, when in use, when the cutting edge of one unit edge is worn or broken, it can be indexed to use another unit edge, which improves the utilization rate of the milling insert; during use , starting from the starting point of the unit edge, the main deflection angle gradually increases, and the cutting width of the cutting edge gradually increases, so the cutting force on the cutting edge also gradually increases. As the cutting width increases, the width gradually increases. The positive rake surface can better adapt to the gradually increasing cutting force, so it can make the cutting force evenly distributed, avoiding the excessive cutting force on the cutting edge and causing wear or chipping; and the cutting width increases from the bottom of the unit edge The second positive rake angle with an increased angle can adapt to chips whose thickness gradually increases due to the increase in cutting width, so that chips can be smoothly discharged from the rake face.

Description of drawings:

The present invention will be further described by using the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the accompanying drawings do not constitute any limitation to the present invention.

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of A direction in Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along the direction B of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 is a partial cross-sectional view along C direction of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of D direction in Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the present invention.

Figures 1 to 8 include:

1——Body 11——Rake face 12——Side

121——Positioning plane 13——Unit edge 131——Working area

132——Transition interval β——Second positive rake angle γ——Rear angle

132a——the first transition interval 132b——the second transition interval

14——Reinforced chamfer 15——Positioning pit 16——Clamping hole

2——The first positive rake surface 3——The second positive rake surface

4——cutter head 5——workpiece 51——processed surface

d——cutting width h——cutting depth

Detailed ways:

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, see shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, this is a preferred embodiment of the present invention:

The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert is composed of a substantially conical body 1, a cutting edge is formed between the rake face 11 and the side face 12 of the body 1, and the rake face 11 is sequentially formed from the side face 12 to the center There are a first positive rake surface 2 and a second positive rake surface 3; the angle between the first positive rake surface 2 and a plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of the body 1 is the first positive rake angle, and the first positive rake angle The angle is 0°; the acute angle formed by the second positive rake surface 3 and the plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of the body 1 is the second positive rake angle β; the body 1 is equally divided into A plurality of unit edges 13, the first positive rake angle surface 2 of each unit edge 13 gradually increases in width from the bottom of the unit edge 13 as the cutting width d becomes larger, and the second positive rake angle β of each unit edge 13 starts from the unit The angle from the bottom of the edge 13 increases as the cutting width d increases.

The present invention is assembled on the milling cutter head 4. Since the body 1 is equally divided into a plurality of unit edges 13, when in use, when the cutting edge of one unit edge 13 is worn or broken, it can be indexed to use another unit edge 13 , improve the utilization rate of the milling blade.

As shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, and Fig. 8, during the milling process, the cutting depth h of the blade is fixed, and the bottom cutting edge of the unit edge 13, that is, the starting point of the unit edge 13 and the workpiece 5 are processed. contact with surface 51, and its main deflection angle is 0°. This place is mainly used for smoothing the finished surface 51. It is mainly subjected to axial extrusion force, and its radial cutting force is zero. Therefore, the first positive front Angular surface 2 has the narrowest width and the sharpest cutting edge, which is conducive to obtaining a higher cutting roughness during the cutting process; at the same time, the second positive rake angle β here is the smallest, that is, the root of the edge is the thickest, because The width of the first positive rake surface 2 is the narrowest. In order to ensure the strength of the cutting edge at this area and maintain the better anti-extrusion and flexural strength of the cutting edge in this area, the smallest second positive rake angle β is set. Starting from the starting point of the unit edge 13, as the cutting width d increases, the main deflection angle gradually increases from 0°. From the starting point of the unit edge 13, the cutting edge contacts the cutting surface of the workpiece 5 and is subjected to radial impact force , The shearing force gradually increases, so the cutting force on the cutting edge also gradually increases. As the cutting width d increases, the first positive rake surface 2 whose width gradually increases gradually increases the structural strength of the cutting edge, which can be compared Adapt to the gradually increasing cutting force, so the cutting force can be evenly distributed, avoiding excessive local cutting force on the cutting edge and causing wear or chipping; and from the bottom of the unit edge 13, the angle increases with the increase of the cutting width d The second positive rake angle β can adapt to the chips whose thickness gradually increases due to the increase of the cutting width d, so that the chips can be smoothly discharged from the rake face 11. At the same time, because the width of the first positive rake face 2 gradually increases, it ensures The strength of the cutting edge, the second positive rake angle β gradually increases, that is, the thickness of the root of the blade gradually decreases, which will not cause the strength of the cutting edge to decrease, which ensures the working reliability of the present invention.

As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, each unit edge 13 sequentially includes a working section 131 and a transition section 132; the width of the first positive rake surface 2 gradually increases in the working section 131, and Transition to the starting width of the first positive rake surface 2 of the next unit edge 13 at the end of the transition zone 132; the second positive rake angle β gradually increases in the working zone 131, and in the transition At the end of the section 132, it transitions to the starting angle of the second positive rake angle β of the next unit edge 13 . During the cutting process, the cutting edges in the working area 131 participate in the cutting. The setting of the transition zone 132 is to make the width of the first positive rake surface 2 and the angle of the second positive rake angle β smoothly transition from the end point of the working zone 131 to the starting point of the working zone 131 of the next unit cutting edge 13, Stress concentration is avoided, and the overall strength of the body 1 is improved.

Wherein, the central angle of the transition zone 132 is 1/5˜1/3 of the central angle of the working zone 131 .

2, 5, 6, and 7, the transition zone 132 includes a first transition zone 132a and a second transition zone 132b, the first transition zone 132a is close to the working zone 131, and the second transition zone 132a is close to the working zone 131. The section 132b is close to the working section 131 of the adjacent unit edge 13; the width of the first positive rake surface 2 gradually increases in the first transition section 132a, and the second positive rake angle β is the first transition gradually decreases in the interval 132a; the width of the first positive rake surface 2 gradually decreases to the starting width of the first positive rake angle of the adjacent unit edge 13 in the second transition interval 132b, and the second positive The rake angle β gradually decreases to the starting angle of the second positive rake angle β of the adjacent unit edge 13 in the second transition region.

The first transition zone 132a is close to the working zone 131, so during the cutting process, the working zone 131 is partially transmitted to the first transition zone 132a under the pressure of the workpiece 5, in order to improve the structural strength of the cutting edge in the first transition zone 132a , in the first transition zone 132a, the width of the first positive rake surface 2 keeps increasing, while the angle of the second positive rake angle β gradually decreases; relative to the first transition zone 132a, the second transition zone 132b is far away from the working Section 131, the impact of the pressure of the workpiece 5 on the second transition section 132b is small, so in the second transition section 132b, the width of the first positive rake surface 2 and the angle of the second positive rake angle β gradually decrease. To the starting point of the next unit edge 13, this ensures a smooth transition curve and prevents the stress concentration caused by the inflection point of the curve.

Wherein, more preferably, the central angles of the first transition zone 132a and the second transition zone 132b are equal.

As shown in Figure 1 or Figure 2, the body 1 is equally divided into six identical unit blades 13, and the central angle of the working area 131 of each unit blade 13 is 45°-50°. During the cutting process, the length of the cutting edge that the unit edge 13 participates in cutting is determined by the cutting depth h of the milling cutter and the cutting width d of each advance. Therefore, the circular body 1 is equally divided into six identical unit edges 13, namely It can better meet the common requirements of cutting depth h and cutting width d of each advance at the same time, avoid too large idle area not participating in cutting, and help improve the effective utilization rate of the present invention. During use, if the cutting depth h is large, the cutting width d of each feed of the milling cutter can also be increased. At this time, a milling insert with a larger diameter can be used; The cutting width d can also be small, and a milling insert with a smaller diameter can be selected at this time. Of course, the main body 1 can also be divided into less than 6 or more than 6 unit edges 13 according to the specific requirements of the cutting depth h or the cutting width d of each advance, which does not affect the use effect of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 3, the body 1 is formed with a relief angle γ on the outside of the cutting edge, and the relief angle γ is formed on the side surface 12 of the body 1, and the relief angle γ can form a clearance space during the cutting process to avoid The side surface 12 other than the cutting edge is in contact with the surface of the workpiece 5 after the allowance is removed, so that the cutting process goes smoothly. At the same time, the residual chips remaining on the surface of the workpiece 5 can also be discharged from the tolerance space to avoid scratches caused by these residual chips. Workpiece 5 surface.

As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the body 1 is provided with a transitional reinforcing chamfer 14 between the cutting edge and the relief angle γ. Due to the existence of the relief angle γ, the angle between the side surface 12 of the main body 1 and the first positive rake surface 2 is an acute angle, which is not conducive to ensuring the strength of the cutting edge. After the strengthening chamfer 14 is provided, Then the angle between the strengthening chamfer 14 and the first positive rake surface 2 and the angle between the strengthening chamfer 14 and the side surface 12 are all obtuse angles, which improves the strength of the cutting edge.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the side 12 of the body 1 is respectively provided with a positioning plane 121 for positioning the unit blade 13 corresponding to the position of each of the unit blades 13, and the front knife of each unit blade 13 A positioning pit 15 is recessed near the center of the surface 11 . The positioning pit 15 cooperates with the boss of the present invention on the milling cutter head 4 for positioning and fixing the body 1 to prevent the body 1 from vibrating or slipping during the cutting process; the positioning plane 121 is used to For positioning the body 1, the positioning surface 121 is positioned correspondingly to the installation limit device provided on the milling cutter head 4, so that the designed rake angle features are in place, and the function of each feature in the unit edge 13 is realized.

As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2 , a clamping hole 16 is opened at the center of the body 1 along the direction of its central axis. The clamping hole 16 is used to install the present invention on the milling cutter head 4 . During installation, the present invention is installed on the cutter head 4 through a bolt or a screw passing through the clamping hole 16 . Of course, if the cutter head 4 is installed in other ways to install the milling inserts, the body 1 may not be provided with the clamping hole 16, which does not affect the use effect of the present invention.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand , the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert is composed of a substantially conical body. A cutting edge is formed between the rake face and the side of the body. It is characterized in that: the rake face is formed sequentially from the side to the center has a first positive rake face and a second positive rake face, The angle between the first positive rake surface and a plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of the body is the first positive rake angle, and the first positive rake angle is 0°, The acute angle formed by the second positive rake surface and the plane perpendicular to the geometric axis of the body is the second positive rake angle, The body is equally divided into multiple unit edges centered on its geometric axis, the first positive rake surface of each unit edge gradually increases in width as the cutting width increases from the bottom of the unit edge, and the first positive rake surface of each unit edge increases gradually. The two positive rake angles increase from the bottom of the unit edge as the cutting width increases. 2. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert according to claim 1, wherein each unit edge includes a working section and a transition section in sequence, The width of the first positive rake surface gradually increases in the working interval, and transitions to the starting width of the first positive rake surface of the next unit edge at the end of the transition interval, The second positive rake angle gradually increases in the working interval, and transitions to the second positive rake angle start angle of the next unit edge at the end of the transition interval. 3. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert according to claim 2, wherein the central angle of the transition zone is 1/5-1/3 of the central angle of the working zone. 4. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert according to claim 3, wherein the transition zone includes a first transition zone and a second transition zone, the first transition zone is close to the working zone, and the second transition zone is close to the working zone. The transition zone is close to the working zone of the adjacent unit edge, The width of the first positive rake surface gradually increases in the first transition zone, and the width of the second positive rake surface gradually decreases in the first transition zone, The width of the first positive rake surface gradually decreases to the starting width of the first positive rake angle of the adjacent unit edge in the second transition zone, and the second positive rake angle gradually decreases in the second transition zone. Decrease to the second positive rake start angle of the adjacent element edge. 5. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert according to claim 4, characterized in that: the central angles of the first transition zone and the second transition zone are equal. 6. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert according to claim 5, characterized in that: the body is equally divided into 6 identical unit blades, and the central angle of the working area of each unit blade is 45°-50° . 7. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: the body has a relief angle formed outside the cutting edge. 8. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert according to claim 7, characterized in that: the body is provided with a transitional reinforcing chamfer between the cutting edge and the rear corner. 9. The three-dimensional grooved circular milling insert according to claim 8, characterized in that: the side of the body is respectively provided with a positioning plane for positioning the unit blade at the position corresponding to each of the unit blades, and each unit blade The rake face is provided with a positioning pit near the center. 10. The three-dimensional groove-shaped circular milling insert according to claim 8, wherein a clamping hole is opened at the center of the body along the direction of its central axis.

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