CN1018169B - Digit speed controller for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a digit speed regulator for an electric vehicle and belongs to an electronic speed regulation device. A speed of a speed regulator of the existing electric vehicle is regulated in a mechanical traction mode, and the mode has the disadvantages of poor reliability and uncomfortable hand feeling. The present invention adopts digit voltage to regulate the speed and uses a reversible counter to count clock signals. The digit voltage is outputted to be converted into an analog quantity by a digital-to-analog network. The quantity of the analog quantity is controlled by keys. The pulse width is modulated by the analog quantity, the conducting time of a transistor is changed, and therefore, the speed of an electric vehicle is changed. The speed regulator has the advantages of convenient operation, safety and reliability. The present invention has various functions, such as a low voltage protection function for a battery, an overload protection for a motor, etc. The speed regulator is suitable for electric vehicles with various types.

Description

Digit speed controller for electric vehicle

A kind of digit speed controller for electric vehicle belongs to electrically-actuated throttle device.

Elec. vehicle is to make the energy with storage battery, drives the vehicle of advancing with DC machine.Governor is to be used for elec. vehicle at the device of the adjusting speed of a motor vehicle of advancing.

Existing elec. vehicle governor roughly is divided into three parts:

Function part → control signal processing section → controlled tube portion

Wherein function part all is to adopt brake steel wire to link on the speed-regulating potentiometer (or inducer), changes the resistance of potential device by the steel wire tractive, thereby changes the size of control voltage, and its operation belongs to the mechanical traction mode; Pulsed mode is adopted in the control signal processing section more, produce pulse with a time base circuit, the analog quantity (vdc) of being exported a variation by function part changes pulse width, thereby changes by the ON time of keyholed back plate, change the DC machine driving condition, change the speed of a motor vehicle.

Above-mentioned governor has many weak points, and the one, speed-regulating potentiometer is worked under the situation of tractive being subjected to, and traction steel wire often ruptures or is obstructed, the yielding inefficacy of potential device extension spring, normal bad contact of potential device or damage, the governor functional reliability is poor; The 2nd, operation inconvenience comes the speed governing of tractive brake steel wire by the staff operating handle, and it is uncomfortable that the people feels, and man-machine function is undesirable; The 3rd, braking quality is not good.Brake gear is a kind of pause mechanism, and brake crank one pine is not restarted, and wheel promptly changes, and safety is relatively poor; The 4th, function singleness can not shield to battery low-voltage, motor overload etc.

The object of the present invention is to provide the elec. vehicle governor of another kind of design philosophy.The requirement functional reliability is good, and speed governing is easy to operate, safety and have functions such as storage battery under-voltage protection, motor overload protection.

Technical solution of the present invention is to abandon the power operation mode of speed control, the power operation speed governing is become the digital voltage speed governing of using button operation.Concrete enforcement approach is with clock-signal generator generation clock signal, input forward-backward counter counting, the output digital voltage by the digital-to-analogue network, becomes analog quantity to this digital voltage, the size of analog quantity is controlled arbitrarily by the button on the handle by the rider, analog quantity with this variation removes to modulate a series of impulse singlas, thereby obtains the burst pulse that a string width changes, when F-Zero, this burst pulse disappears, and presses the pushing motor running with a constant DC.Mechanical braking device direct control forward-backward counter resets, and battery low-voltage and motor load protection compare with comparator and nominal value, and comparator output connects the reset terminal of forward-backward counter.

This governor is owing to all change power operation into the electricity operation, and functional reliability is good; Speed governing operation light and flexible, good hand touch have man-machine preferably function; In the time of mechanical brake, motor shuts down, and has improved the safety of operation; Multifunctional circuit is adopted in the control signal processing section, makes this governor have multiple functions such as battery low-voltage protection and motor overload protection.

Fig. 1 is electric line figure of the present invention.

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with Fig. 1.

In speed-regulating manipulation device of the present invention and the control signal processing section, clock voltage signal generation circuit (YF1-YF2) is arranged; The clock signal of clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2) generation is carried out the counting machine Js of reversible counting; Be used for the add operation button K1 and the subtraction operation push-button K2 of control counter Js running state; Be used for the gate circuit (YF9-YF10) of control counter Js status input signal; The digital voltage of counting machine Js output is changed into the digital-to-analogue network of aanalogvoltage; Pulse wave generation circuit A2; The electric signal of realizing paired pulses wave generation circuit A2 output with the aanalogvoltage of described digital-to-analogue network output carries out pulse width modulated modulation circuit A3.

The clock signal of clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2) output is second input end of in-gate circuit YF9, YF10 respectively, and the mouth of YF9, YF10 joins with plus coujnt end Cp+ and the subtraction counting end Cp-of counting machine Js respectively.

Operation push-button K1, K2 are installed on the vehicle handle, and the Chang Kaiduan point of K1, K2 first input end of AND circuit YF9, YF10 respectively joins the common end grounding of operation push-button K1, K2.

Be serially connected with respectively between the 3rd input end of mouth Q1-Q4 AND circuit YF9, the YF10 of forward-backward counter Js that addition is completely measured judging circuit and subtraction is completely measured judging circuit;

All the other connect connection routinely above-mentioned relevant circuit.

Be output as clock signal in the clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2), carry out state assignment through gate circuit YF9, the Cp+ end of enter counter Js is counted, and the size of count value is controlled by the length that button K1 presses the time, and K1 is turbo.With last inverse process, button K2 controls successively decreasing of stepped-up voltage, and button K2 is the deceleration button.

The mouth Q1-Q4 of counting machine Js connects by the resistance R digital-to-analogue network formed of connection routinely, change the digital voltage signal of counting machine Js output into analog voltage signal, output to the in-phase end of modulation circuit A3, in modulation circuit A3, carry out pulse width modulated, modulation circuit A3 exports the pulse that pulse width is variable, promotes transistor (BG1-BG2-BG3), changes the length of BG3 pipe ON time, change the operative condition of motor, thereby change the speed of a motor vehicle.

The time that button K1 presses is long more, and the stepped-up voltage accumulated value of counting machine Js is big more, and the digital-to-analogue voltage that is input to modulator A3 is high more, and the pulse width of modulator A3 output is wide more, and BG3 pipe ON time is long more, and the speed of a motor vehicle is high more.With last opposite, the time that button K2 presses is long more, and the speed of a motor vehicle is low more.

When the mouth Q1-Q4 of counting machine Js is output as addition and completely measures signal " 1111 " state, after four input phase inverter YF8 paraphase, send into gate circuit YF9, the output of closing door circuit YF9, counting machine Js plus coujnt stops, and elec. vehicle reaches maximum speed; Analogize therewith, the subtraction of the mouth Q1-Q4 output of counting machine Js is completely measured signal " 0000 " after the paraphase of single input phase inverter (YF3-YF6), after sending into four input phase inverter YF7 paraphase, send into gate circuit YF10, the output of closing door circuit YF10, counting machine Js subtraction counting stops, and elec. vehicle reaches dead slow.

For making this governor that more stable mode of operation and more perfect performance be arranged, can also increase some extentions;

Serial connection is prevented twitter circuit (YF12-YF13), (YF14-YF15) respectively between first input end of operation push-button K1, K2 Chang Kaiduan dotted or gate circuit YF9, YF10;

Two input ends of first input end AND circuit YF11 of gate circuit YF9, YF10 also connect, the reset terminal R of the output termination forward-backward counter Js of gate circuit YF11, when button K1, K2 press simultaneously, gate circuit YF11 is output as one state, Js resets to " 0000 " state, cut off this moment to the vehicular electric machine power supply, vehicle is in " soft " braking state.

Device relies on brake steel wire to draw the electrical brake K switch 3 of interlock in addition in trailing wheel mechanical brake mechanism, and BK Brake Switch K3 Chang Kaiduan point meets forward-backward counter reset terminal R, the normally closed end points ground connection of BK Brake Switch K3.When mechanical brake mechanism brakes, rely on the interlock of mechanical brake steel wire traction, make K switch 3 closures, counting machine Js resets to " 0000 " state, guarantees the safety of braking;

Vehicle battery under-voltage protection comparator A1 is set, and storage battery output voltage E and nominal voltage E1 connect A1 two input ends respectively, and the A1 mouth meets the reset terminal R of counting machine Js by diode D1, and when E is lower than E1, Js resets to " 0000 " state;

Elec. vehicle motor overload protection comparator A4 is set, load voltage E and nominal voltage E1 connect comparator A4 two input ends respectively, comparator A4 mouth meets the reset terminal R of forward-backward counter Js by diode D3, and E is higher than E1 when voltage, and counting machine Js resets to " 0000 " state;

This governor each several part functional circuit can be chosen the integrated circuit with corresponding function, for example:

Clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2) and (YF3-YF6) with same integrated circuit CD4069; Forward-backward counter Js integrated circuit CD40193; Gate circuit (YF9-YF11) is with same integrated circuit CD4023; Four input phase inverters are with same integrated circuit CD4012; Anti-twitter circuit (YF12-YF15) is with same integrated circuit CD4011; Comparator (A1-A4) is with same integrated circuit LM339; The conventional connection that the connection of above-mentioned each circuit is used by its relevant function, relevant elements is used value routinely.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of digit speed controller for electric vehicle comprises speed-regulating manipulation device, control signal processing section, controlled tube portion, it is characterized in that in speed-regulating manipulation device and control signal processing section:

Clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2) is arranged; The clock signal of clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2) generation is carried out the counting machine Js of reversible counting; Be used for the add operation button K1 and the subtraction operation push-button K2 of control counter Js running state; Be used for the gate circuit (YF9-YF10) of control counter Js status input signal; The digital voltage of counting machine Js output is changed into the digital-to-analogue network of aanalogvoltage; Pulse wave generation circuit A2; The electric signal of realizing paired pulses wave generation circuit A2 output with the aanalogvoltage of described digital-to-analogue network output carries out pulse width modulated modulation circuit A3; The clock voltage signal of clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2) output is second input end of in-gate circuit YF9, YF10 respectively, and the mouth of YF9, YF10 joins with plus coujnt end Cp+ and the subtraction counting end Cp-of counting machine Js respectively;

The Chang Kaiduan point of operation push-button K1, K2 first input end of AND circuit YF9, YF10 respectively joins the common end grounding of operation push-button K1, K2;

Be serially connected with respectively between the 3rd input end of mouth Q1-Q4 AND circuit YF9, the YF10 of forward-backward counter Js that addition is completely measured judging circuit and subtraction is completely measured judging circuit;

All the other connect connection routinely above-mentioned relevant circuit.

2, according to the described digit speed controller for electric vehicle of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Be connected in series anti-twitter circuit (YF12-YF13), (YF14-YF15) between first input end of Chang Kaiduan dotted or gate circuit YF9, the YF10 of operation push-button K1, K2 respectively;

Two input ends of first input end AND circuit YF11 of gate circuit YF9, YF10 also connect, the reset terminal R of the output termination forward-backward counter Js of gate circuit YF11.

Device relies on brake steel wire to draw the electrical brake K switch 3 of interlock in addition in trailing wheel mechanical brake mechanism, and BK Brake Switch K3 Chang Kaiduan point meets forward-backward counter reset terminal R, the normally closed end points ground connection of BK Brake Switch K3; Four input phase inverter YF8 are that addition is completely measured circuit; Four input ends of four input phase inverter YF7 are connected in series single input phase inverter (YF3-YF6) respectively and completely measure circuit as subtraction.

3, according to the described digit speed controller for electric vehicle of claim 1, it is characterized in that:

Vehicle battery under-voltage protection comparator A1 is set, and storage battery output voltage E and nominal voltage E1 connect comparator A1 two input ends respectively, and comparator A1 mouth meets the reset terminal R of reversible gauge Js by diode D1;

Elec. vehicle motor overload protection comparator A4 is set, and load voltage E and nominal voltage E1 connect comparator A4 two input ends respectively, and comparator A4 mouth meets the reset terminal R of forward-backward counter Js by diode D3.

4, according to claim 1 or 2 described elec. vehicle governors, it is characterized in that:

Clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2) and (YF3-YF6) with same integrated circuit CD4069; Forward-backward counter Js integrated circuit CD40193; Gate circuit (YF9-YF11) is with same integrated circuit CD4023; Four input phase inverters are with same integrated circuit CD4012; Anti-twitter circuit (YF12-YF15) is with same integrated circuit CD4011; Comparator (A1-A4) is with same integrated circuit LMLM339; The conventional connection that the connection of above-mentioned each circuit is used by its relevant function, relevant elements is used value routinely.

5, according to the described elec. vehicle governor of claim 3, it is characterized in that:

Clock generating circuit (YF1-YF2) and (YF3-YF6) with same integrated circuit CD4069; Forward-backward counter Js integrated circuit CD40193; Gate circuit (YF9-YF11) is with same integrated circuit CD4023; Four input phase inverters are with same integrated circuit CD4012; Anti-twitter circuit (YF12-YF15) is with same integrated circuit CD4011; Comparator (A1-A4) is with same integrated circuit LM339; The conventional connection that the connection of above-mentioned each circuit is used by its relevant function, relevant elements is used value routinely.