CN101712803A - Method for enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers - Google Patents
Method for enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN101712803A CN101712803A CN200910153357A CN200910153357A CN101712803A CN 101712803 A CN101712803 A CN 101712803A CN 200910153357 A CN200910153357 A CN 200910153357A CN 200910153357 A CN200910153357 A CN 200910153357A CN 101712803 A CN101712803 A CN 101712803A
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/26—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/2038—Resistance against physical degradation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/50—Flexible or elastic materials
- C04B2111/503—Elastic materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/72—Repairing or restoring existing buildings or building materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for enhancing bituminous mixtures by adopting chopped basalt fibers, belonging to the technical field of novel compound materials. According to the invention, continuous basalt protofilaments or twistless rovings the surfaces of which are expanded into fibers in certain length, and then the fibers are used for enhancing the bituminous mixtures in a certain doping proportion and can be respectively used for maintaining the bituminous mixtures used for new construction and reconstruction and extension of highways and SMA and OGFC bituminous mixtures as well as fiber seals. In addition, the fibers can also be used for the enhancement of high-speed railway packing layer CA mortar and relevant hydraulic architectures. The chopped basalt fiber plays roles of enhancing, toughening and elasticizing the cracking prevention, crack resistance and reinforcement and 'bridging' in the enhanced bituminous mixtures, can obviously increase the anti-rutting ability of highways of the enhanced bituminous mixtures and reduces the whole life costs of the enhanced bituminous mixtures; if the fibers are used for high-speed railway plate-type ballastless tracks and CA mortar, the bending strength and the deformation resistance can be increased, i.e. the fibers play a role of crack prevention and crack resistance; in addition, the fibers have better anti-water leakage action if being used for Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method, belong to the advanced composite material technical field with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers.
Background technology
Fast development along with China's traffic infrastructure, asphalt (comprising the CA mortar) is increasing at the consumption in motorway and high-speed railway field, especially the long-span bridge beam increases gradually, volume of traffic increase, axle be problems such as increase, traffic channelling heavily, and high-grade asphalt bridge floor, road surface have been proposed higher requirement.In order to improve the using character of bituminous pavement better, prolong service life of road surface, be the important topic of pendulum in face of I circuit road worker thereby increase investment returns.
In addition, under the acting in conjunction of high temperature and heavy load, rut has become one of typical disease of China's motorway.Asphalt is typical simple hot flowage material, and its mechanical characteristic has susceptibility highly to temperature and loading mode with the load size.Asphalt pavement structural layer is bearing the direct effect of various vehicular loads under hot conditions, particularly slow in the driving speed of a motor vehicle, flow is big, the highway section that heavy load is many, bituminous pavement is in the complex stress state of strain, at horizontal force, vertical force acts on down jointly repeatedly, bituminous pavement just is easy to produce flow deformation under the condition of high temperature, produce tension set and plastic flow, thereby caused surface layer structure layer deformation of unevenness, especially under the numerous effect of axle carrier frequency of canalized traffic and big excess load, its tension set to bituminous concrete pavement plays the effect of adding fuel to the flames, and has accelerated the formation of Rut on Asphalt Concrete Pavement.Therefore, under the acting in conjunction of above-mentioned factor, rut has become one of typical disease of motorway.Rut often occurs on the vertical wheel path of A-road, especially slow position of the speed of a motor vehicle such as upward slope, intercommunication district and tollbooth import and export.
For highway maintenance, the asphalt pavement rut disease is one of main disease of China's asphalt pavement of highway, also is to be difficult to the effectively a great problem of solution in the highway maintenance industry.The appearance of rut has not only reduced the planeness on road surface, and injures the stability of driving, when rut reaches certain depth, because ponding in the rut groove, very easily causes automobile to float sliding and causes traffic accident to take place.The initiation of rut disease has aggravated the early damage on road surface, and rut not only causes road-ability, security to descend, and traffic safety is constituted greatly threaten, even causes heavy economic losses and bad widely social influence.At present, become the rut disease of one of main disease of express highway pavement.China can not get the effectively method of solution always in rut Disease Processing is for many years explored.By analysis, the main and traffic load of the rut that occurs of this type of highway section, environment, ground surface material etc. have very confidential relation.Though having issued axle, 2000 year traffic portions carry single limitation approach, but the automobile axle load restriction does not reach effective control always, in implementation process, remain in many difficulties, undoubtedly, start with from the design of bituminous concrete pavement, adopt new fiber reinforced material, improve road surface anti-deforming performance under heavily loaded transportation condition, the tension set that reduces the road surface seems particularly important.Therefore, well-known, the weather resistance on asphalt bridge floor, road surface, stability directly have influence on traveling security, comfortableness.How to improve the quality of bituminous pavement, reduce rut, hole groove, the crack of bituminous pavement, prolong the turnaround on road surface, improving economic benefit of investment is the important topic that road management department and investor face.
Present domestic three the big research directions that in the pavement performance research that improves asphalt, occurred: the one, start with from asphalt structure type, method of design, improve the anti-deforming ability of asphalt by the grating of improving aggregate; The 2nd, by improving the mechanical property that the asphalt performance quality improves asphalt, strengthen the opposing permanent deformation and reduce temperature sensibility.The 3rd, fiber is joined in the asphalt to improve whole physical and mechanical property and to improve the asphalt pavement performance as a kind of special additive and strongthener.Wherein the 3rd research direction might become the main flow that China solves motorway, high-speed railway (referring to as the CA mortar of filling the adjustment layer) problems.
Fiber is as a kind of strongthener of high-strength, durable, light weight, the research in bituminous concrete and use and can trace back to the sixties in 20th century the earliest.Toney, C.A., Lin Kueiyi and Bradley J.Ptu-man have carried out big quantity research with regard to this type material, obtained certain achievement and be applied in the actual highway engineering, their research mainly concentrates on polyester and polypropylene fibre, thinks that fiber has in various degree improvement to every pavement performance of bituminous concrete.In China, the research of fibred asphalt pavement starting is late, but development has also obtained some achievements rapidly, and late 1990s begins to be applied to road engineering.In addition, in China's " asphalt highway design specifications " (JTJ 014-2004), also propose, can add fiber when having ready conditions in the bituminous concrete and improve its use properties.
Fiber seal technology is meant and adopts fiber seal nucleus equipment to spill (spreading) cloth bituminous binder and glass fibre simultaneously, the spreading rubble forms a kind of new road construction construction and the maintenance technology in new wearing course or absorption of stress middle layer, its technical characterstic after rolling in the above then: the one, good absorption of stress and dispersive ability are arranged; The 2nd, high-wearing feature; The 3rd, higher water-repellancy; The 4th, cream stability; The 5th, the agility of construction.This technique functions comes from English and encloses, and French Sai Gema (SECMAIR) company has produced the equipment of implementing this fiber seal technology for this reason, afterwards in the equal widespread usage of countries such as Britain, the U.S., Australia, France.Twentieth century nineties, texas,U.S A ﹠amp; (the Texas A ﹠amp of M university; M University) one reached 15 years, is distributed in 4 differences and encloses the performance tracking test of family and show that further the fiber seal can obviously improve the quality of bituminous pavement: the one, and tensile strength increases more than 30%; The 2nd, anti-fatigue performance increases more than 30%; The 3rd, anti-rut performance increases more than 300%.In by the end of June, 2007, and this technology is imported China into, and Yingkou, Liaoning highway department has at first successfully been carried out the test of this technology, and has carried out large-scale construction in Liaoning Province.Afterwards, Zhejiang Province Highway Administration Bureau Ningbo highway department has also been purchased the fiber seal equipment of French Sai Gema company, and be applied to across the entire province highway maintenance, different is, Zhejiang Province Highway Administration Bureau is on the basis that absorbs advanced foreign technology, carried out basalt fibre seal technology innovatively, one of them very important feature is the glass fibre that adopts with outside the basalt fibre subrogate country, the online weak point of basalt fibre roving is cut and even spreading, directly emulsified bitumen and the sandstone material with synchronous spreading combines the fiber seal that is used for highway through rolling, and the amount of fiber spreading is every square metre of 50g to 120g.Because continuous basalt fiber is exactly the paving stone-basalt that adopts highway to use always is that unique raw material is made, therefore, basalt fibre is compared with glass fibre, have following tangible characteristics: (1) is more high temperature resistant, low temperature resistant (269～650 ℃), during with the asphalt high-temperature mix, material property can heat not degenerated, and more can chemistry or solubilizing reaction not take place with pitch, can effectively change the situation of pitch low-temperature stiffening, hot mastication.(2) waterproof etch excellent performance, better anti-water damage property is arranged, do not absorb water, rate of moisture absorption＜0.1%, the rate of moisture absorption of glass fibre are 10～20%.(3) higher mechanical property, the Young's modulus of basalt fibre is 85～110GPa, tensile strength is 3500～4100MPa, and stronger rutting resistance is arranged.(4) sound absorbing coefficient height (0.9～0.99), thermal conductivity low (thermal conductivity is 0.03～0.038w/m. ° of K).(5) more wear-resistant and resistance to chemical attack.(6) the basalt fibre surface is polarity, and the asphalt of forming with emulsified modified asphalt and basaltic broken stone has better surface affinity.(7) has good ageing resistance.(8) pure natural environment protection mixes and can repeat regeneration behind fiber asphalt compound or the cement admixture.
The high-speed railway ballastless track of being filled by cement asphalt mortar (Cement Asphalt Mortar is called for short CA or CAM mortar) is to adopt maximum railway roadbeds at present in the world.The track structure form that it is formed with replacement shot ballast aggregate railway roadbed such as concrete or asphalt, CA filled with mortar layer wherein are that the structure of plate-type slag-free orbit one of is formed.Track ride comfort height, rigidity good uniformity, track geometry shape can keep lastingly because ballastless track has, the remarkable characteristics such as minimizings of maintenance load, have obtained developing rapidly respectively enclosing high-speed railway.Japan is one of development ballastless track country the earliest, has just begun the research and experiment of ballastless track and applies as far back as middle 1960s, and the history in more than 40 year has been arranged so far.It also is one of research ballastless track country early that moral is enclosed, and the formal structure formation of using that 5 kinds of ballastless tracks are arranged.Though France is the high-speed railway country with ballasted track position representative, afterwards also at newly-built Mediterranean Sea line, laid double-blocked rail without ballast on roadbed and in the tunnel.Britain began one's study from 1969 and tries the shop, the formal popularization by 1973.Holland, Korea S, Taiwan that I enclose is the active adoption ballastless track all.The domestic research to ballastless track of China starts from the sixties in 20th century.After 1974,, further investigation and popularization have been accelerated to ballastless track along with the construction of Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway.The ballastless track of China has three kinds of structure formations, and long sleeper buried-type, board-like and elastic supporting block formula are arranged respectively, and the packing layer of CA mortar is arranged during wherein the structure of plate-type slag-free orbit is formed.It should be noted that CA mortar both domestic and external does not all mix the too short basalt fibre of cutting, therefore, its using value still is not familiar with.Feature of the present invention is that the short cement asphalt mortar (abbreviation CA mortar) that becomes modification after basalt fibre stirs with emulsified bitumen (A emulsion), water, polymkeric substance (P) emulsion, fine aggregate (sand), compound, cement, admixture, aluminium powder, filler (comprising flyash, the levigate slag powders of silicon ash, zeolite powder, limestone powder etc.) etc. of cutting is poured into the elastic adjusting layer between high-speed railway ballastless track plate and the concrete bed, also can be used for filling ballast bed.Mix when preparation and short cut basalt fibre and (can feed intake with one of cement when length can be 6～12mm) modified CA mortar and stir, short preferably adopt the fiber transfer roller when cutting basalt fibre and putting into stirrer, make every effort in feeding sequence quantitatively, regularly drop into.
In addition, this invention is used for Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering water leakage effect preferably.What be necessary to illustrate is, because the singularity of hydro project does not have other particular requirement to basalt fibre, but bituminous technical requirements people having a common goal bitumen for road use is had strict difference.Hydraulic asphalt requires that good thermal adaptability is arranged, cohesive force, splitting resistance and performance such as ageing-resistant.China once was divided into hydraulic asphalt three trades mark: promptly 90
#, 70
#With 50
#The softening temperature of hydraulic asphalt is between building asphalt and road bitumen, and low-temperature ductility is had relatively high expectations, and has increased by 15 ℃ ductility index, and Germany has increased the ductility of 7 ℃ or 13 ℃.The U.S. is used for irrigation canals and ditches, water channel and covers penetration degree when having increased by 0 ℃ or 46 ℃ with pitch.The water conservancy project emulsified bitumen is made up of hydraulic asphalt, emulsifying agent and water.Weak point is cut basalt fibre be used for refinforced cement bituminous concrete (gather materials form by cement, emulsified bitumen, thickness), can improve the performance of its seepage control and crack resistance.Short cut basalt fibre and also can be used for pouring asphalt concrete, can be widely used in the impervious core, pouring asphalt coagulation top panel (or claiming cut-pff wall), bituminous concrete panel overflow dam of reservoir dam etc.Basalt fibre strengthens the used bituminous mortar of pouring asphalt concrete and mostly is the hot asphalt mortar, mainly be made up of pitch, filler, sand, its suggestion proportioning is: pitch 14%～20%, filler 20%～45%, sand 38%～63%, the short basalt fibre 0.5%～3% of cutting.
Fiber is mainly reflected in the following aspects to the effect that improves the pitch coagulation performance:
(1) adsorption of fiber.The fibre single thread diameter is generally less than 20 μ m, have sizable than the table and amass, the surface-area of every gram fiber can reach more than several square metres.Fiber dispersion is in pitch, and its huge surface-area becomes the interface that pitch is soaked into, and fiber can adsorb a large amount of pitch and forms one and new certain thickness phase arranged on this interface, is called interfacial layer.The structure and properties of interfacial layer depends on pitch and fiber biphase character, and the effect of interfacial layer is to connect two-phase and transmit, cushion two alternate stress, is the key of the whole fiber asphalt Material Physics of influence, mechanical property.Interfacial layer between fiber and the pitch is a zone that is at least the several molecule bed thickness, and its character depends on the molecular arrangement of fiber, and chemical property and bituminous molecular structure and chemical constitution are so different fiber correspondences interfacial layer of different nature.The acidic resins component is a kind of surfactant in the pitch, the adsorption that it and fiber surface produce, physics immersional wetting and the chemical b ` that exists sometimes make pitch be the unit molecule shape and are arranged in " structure pitch " interfacial layer that fiber surface forms firm binding force.Structure pitch is bigger than the free pitch viscosity beyond the interfacial layer, and temperature sensitivity is low, good heat resistance.Simultaneously, because Fibre diameter is very thin, fiber and surrounding structure pitch thereof together wrap in surface of aggregate, and surface of aggregate asphalt membrane thickness is increased.Because fiber adds, asphalt content is increased, thereby cause the more conventional dense-graded mix of asphalt membrane to thicken 65% ~ 113% in the compound.The less space of thicker asphalt membrane and its formation, the ageing of asphalt that slowed down speed, thus can make pitch keep its visco-elasticity for a long time, reduced the bituminous temperature sensitivity, improved the high temperature and the low-temperature performance of asphalt.Feature of the present invention is that institute's enhanced asphalt can be the asphalt that heat is mixed, and also can be Emulsified Asphalt Mixture, and Emulsified Asphalt Mixture can be the cut oil asphalt and adopt the polymer modification Emulsified Asphalt Mixture.
(2) stabilization of fiber.Staple fibre the intravital distribution of asphaltic base be three-dimensional at random.Because the cross section is very thin, make that the staple fibre number is but quite big, forms interlacing in length and breadth spatial network in the little pitch matrix of fibers content.As fibers content is 3.2% o'clock, in every 1g pitch thousands of fibers is arranged approximately.Crisscross fibroplastic fiber reinforcement structure net and " structure pitch ' net, increased structure pitch ratio, attenuate free asphalt membrane, the viscosity of asphalt is increased, softening temperature rises, temperature stability increases substantially." reinforcement " of while fiber, but make the lower pitch of asphalt application consistency, so also help to reduce the fissured appearance of low temperature.
(3) fiber is to the retardation of crack propagation.Fiber dispersion is in bituminous cements, and having formed a kind of is matrix with the fiber, and bituminous cements is the matrix material of matrix.Under the influence of factors such as load, temperature, if can produce many crackles in the pavement asphalt agglutinate. crackle continues expansion. the intensity of road pavement structure and durable be disadvantageous.Since the distribution that is compounded in the intravital staple fibre of asphaltic base be three-dimensional at random, and number is numerous, so around the crackle even inside has many staple fibres in the compound, has numerous fibers around the crackle, promptly retrains, and crack propagation is played retardation.See to be effects such as macromolecular soft chain of fiber and the generation of pitch polymer are crosslinked, block from the compound angle, retrained the high molecular motion of pitch.Fiber has improved the self-healing ability of asphalt crackle greatly to the retardation of bituminous cements matrix cracking, has strengthened recovery of elasticity, has reduced the appearance of pavement crack, thereby has postponed the aging of bituminous pavement and destroyed.
(4) reinforced action of fiber.Owing to being that three-dimensional random distributes and One's name is legion during fiber is on the pitch coagulation, so widely distribute in compound, these fibers play retardation to the cracking of compound, thereby improve the self-healing ability of bituminous pavement crackle, reduce fissured appearance.But, be not that used fiber all has this effect, because the tensile strength of lignin fibre and slag fibre is very low, so do not play reinforced action basically, and Derain nit fiber, glass fibre and basalt fibre have very high tensile strength, and reinforced action is just apparent in view.Fiber has toughening effect to pitch, can strengthen the bond stress to aggregate particle, guarantees the bituminous globality.According to mechanics of composites theory and The results, the adding of fiber can change the strained condition of asphalt concrete layer under vehicular load and temperature action, significantly reduce the stress concentration of seam crossing, thereby stop the generation and the development of reflection crack, can increase simultaneously the one-piece construction rigidity on road surface, the surperficial flexure of asphalt concrete layer is reduced, improve the high temperature rutting resistance of bituminous concrete overlay; Fiber is not that the moderate finite deformation of dependence itself comes diffusion-induced stress, its anticracking effect essence is a kind of isolation features, it has been separated overlay on the coagulation of crack or seam upper plate and the pitch coagulation, avoided asphalt concrete layer directly to be in the region of stress concentration at crack or seam tip, and bear bigger tensile stress by the higher material of intensity, hindered the rapid expansion of seam.
(5) fiber improves fatigue property.The process of fatigure failure at first is to begin to produce fine crack at certain position of structure, and the starting point of crackle is tired source.To asphalt concrete structure load, temperature and inner inhomogeneous node is the principal element that crackle produces.When compound is subjected to loading action, crack tip generation stress concentration, crack propagation when crack size reaches threshold value, unstable propagation occurs, produces bigger crack until rupture failure.Because each expansion of having blocked crackle to staple fibre of three-dimensional random has prolonged the time that material unstable propagation, fracture occur, thus the anti-fatigue performance of the compound that is combined into be improved significantly.In addition, because fiber has good wear-resisting resistance characteristic, matrix fiber can be combined into and apply the protective layer that gathers materials.Under the lesser temps, fiber reinforced fiber asphalt rubber cement increases the sticking power of wrapping up in of aggregate particle, and it is loose that integral body is difficult for.Also can scatter and disappear owing to involving of fiber in road surface behind the cracking in unlikely fragmentation, big hole can not occur and annotate, and this all has practical significance to traffic safety, the repairing that is easy to comfortable and road deck.
(6) fiber improves high-temperature stability.After adding fiber, bituminous viscosity and cohesion increase, simultaneously because crisscross fiber has played " reinforcement " effect on the one hand; The adsorbed pitch of fiber has increased structure bituminous ratio on the other hand, has reduced free pitch, the viscosity of bituminous mortar is strengthened, softening temperature improves, and improves more than 20 ℃ than the softening temperature of common compound medium pitch mortar, thereby fiber mixture high temperature resistance stability is improved.Testing data shows that also different gradation adds the dynamic stability increase number of times difference with a kind of asphalt of fiber.
The fiber that uses in asphalt mainly contains steel fiber (steel fiber), lignin fibre, mineral fibre, polymer fiber (trevira, acrylic fibre, polyacrylonitrile fibre) etc. by materials classification:
(a) steel fiber
Steel fiber is made by drawing, pull out, prick, cut different process.Mix steel fiber and can improve the thermostability and the low-temperature cracking-resistance of asphalt, to the crack of bituminous pavement, loose restraining effect arranged.But the water stability of asphalt and antistripping are descended relatively; And it is very unfavorable to the wearing and tearing of wheel.And cost is too high, therefore seldom adopts.
(b) lignin fibre
Lignin fibre (Methyleellulose is called for short MC) is the organic fibre that the chemical treatment of natural timber process obtains, and is that plant is processed into the byproduct in paper pulp and the fiber slurry process.Lignin fibre is usually used in the SMA asphalt, mainly is cotton-shaped, plays the effect that absorbs pitch, increase asphalt content, strengthens the bituminous concrete performance.Lignin fibre also exists easily entanglement mutually, the problem that is difficult for stirring.China is less to the quality product research of wood fibre, does not still have the lignin fibre quality standard of oneself at present, so be to carry out with reference to external product standard always.
(c) mineral fibre (comprising basalt fibre)
In traditional mineral fibre, what use the earliest is fibrous magnesium silicate, uses in many countries, and the country that has now also in use.The quality of fibrous magnesium silicate depends on the purity of fiber, the thickness length size of fiber.The fibrous magnesium silicate moisture-sensitive, agglomerating easily when long-time piling is stacked, if fiber balling in the short period of time of the process of mixing and stirring, just is difficult for breaing up; In addition, because asbestos dust is harmful, carcinogenic and contaminate environment must strictly be managed during use.Some industrially developed country have banned use of fibrous magnesium silicate in the world. and China is phasing out the use fibrous magnesium silicate.
Novel mineral fibre is divided into two kinds:
A kind ofly be continuous basalt fiber or be cut into the certain-length weak point with it and cut basalt fibre.Continuous basalt fiber is to be that unique raw material draws the pure natural continuous fibre form by bushing under 1500 ℃ of left and right sides high temperature melting with the basalt ore, color is a golden brown, basalt fibre of the present invention just is meant this kind fiber, and the invention is characterized in that the short basalt fibre of cutting is to cut or short cutting after its roving process bulking technology formed with the continuous basalt fiber roving is directly short.
Another kind is the mineral fibre of cotton shape, the mineral wool fibres that adopts raw mineral materials high-temperature fusion such as slag, part basalt to form with burner blowing process or the centrifuging system of getting rid of, the length of its fiber differs, be generally several millimeters long, and a certain proportion of slag ball content is arranged, the effect of bituminous concrete being strengthened reinforcement is not obvious, causes easily in the construction that personnel's skin itches, and color is generally the light yellow of whiting shape.What Georgia State, USA the Ministry of Communications played in 1994 that regulation must adopt on SMA (Stone Matrix Asphalt) road surface is exactly that I enclose the mineral fibre that is referred to as mineral wool.China is referred to as stone mastic asphalt with SMA.What use this class mineral fibre in the world the earliest is Sweden, and the fritz adopted lignin fibre to come the alternative ore fiber afterwards, because lignin fibre is higher than the oil absorbency of mineral fibre.Nineteen ninety, the U.S. organized " European Research on Bituminous Pavement delegation " that is participated in by government, science and enterprise.Investigate back U.S.A and enclose the experience of not indiscriminately imitating Germany's employing lignin fibre, but the original experience of having used for reference Sweden has adopted mineral fibre, and these mineral (cotton) fiber promoted the use of the asphalt OGFC (Open-Graded Friction Course) of another kind of special purpose, be in order to improve the rainy day skid resistance, to reduce a kind of open gradation asphalt of noise.
Above-mentioned two kinds of mineral fibre in production technology, produce with raw material, fiber external appearance characteristic and aspect the effect of asphalt, have tangible difference.The present invention is with directly short basalt fibre of cutting of continuous basalt fiber or expanded mineral (cotton) fiber that substitutes U.S.'s employing, is used to strengthen the asphalt of classes such as SMA, OGFC.Because the short basalt fibre of cutting is that to adopt with the basalt ore be that the continuous fibre weak point of unique raw material pure natural is cut and formed, and the thickness length consistent size of fiber, slag inclusion ball not, except same advantage with mineral (cotton) fiber, also has pure natural environment protection, stronger " reinforcement " effect and effect toughness reinforcing, that strengthen, increase bullet.Therefore, feature of the present invention is to carry out continuous basalt fiber expanded, the mineral fibre of the alternative lignin fibre of the chopped strand that obtains thus, cotton shape, it is long-pending to have bigger specific fiber surface, can significantly improve the oil absorbency of its fiber, be used to mix the asphalt of highway SMA, OGFC class, have the rutting resistance that improves its asphalt, prolong anti-fatigue life and work-ing life.
(d) polymer fiber
Polymer fiber commonly used in highway asphalt mixture is a trevira.Worry after various countries' scholar's research that the high temperature that such polymer fiber can bear asphalt mixes and stirs, because it is curling to find that at asphalt polymer fiber can melt when high temperature mixes and stirs, even is difficult to the naked eye see its fiber.Though the immersion Marshall Test is the result show, the asphalt that mixes trevira and basalt fibre is compared all with the asphalt of not mixing fiber and is increased, but, from test-results, the stability of asphalt mixture of admixture basalt fibre can be all improves than the asphalt of admixture trevira.
It is stablizer or the strongthener that the continuous basalt fiber that forms of unique raw material high-temperature fusion wire drawing or its chopped strand are asphalt that the present invention adopts with basalt.
Summary of the invention
The present invention relates to a kind of method, belong to the advanced composite material technical field with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers.The present invention is the fiber that continuous basalt precursor or roving is cut into certain-length after texturized surface is handled, volume by a certain percentage is used to strengthen asphalt, can be respectively applied for that motorway is newly-built, the reorganization and expansion asphalt, and the maintenance of SMA, OGFC asphalt and fiber seal; In addition, also can be used for the enhancing of high-speed railway packing layer CA mortar, and relevant waterwork.This weak point cuts that basalt fibre has played in strengthening asphalt that resistance is split, cracking resistance and reinforcement, the enhancing of " bridging ", toughening effect.This enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers is used to build motorway and has outstanding anti-water damage property and high temperature stability performance, especially can obviously improve the rutting resistance of motorway, reduces its life cycle cost; Be used for high-speed railway plate-type slag-free orbit enhancing CA mortar and can improve its toughness, increase bending strength and deflection, play the effect that cracking resistance is split in resistance, with stability and the stationarity of guaranteeing ballastless track; In addition, be used for waterwork the seepage effect of waterproof is preferably arranged.
Technical scheme: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of method with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers, it is characterized in that in asphalt the weak point that adds the certain proportion certain-length cuts basalt fibre, thus resistance is split to having played in the asphalt, the enhancing of cracking resistance and reinforcement, " bridging ", toughness reinforcing, increase the bullet effect.This invention can improve the anti-shearing deformability of asphalt effectively, increases stability, globality and the anti-rut of asphalt, and stronger ageing-resistant performance is arranged, and is applicable to the reclaiming process of bituminous pavement, and reduces life cycle cost.
Embodiment: the short basalt fibre of cutting is joined in the simple asphalt that sets meter, in the hope of reaching purpose of the present invention equably.Feature of the present invention is that the short basalt fibre of cutting is mixed and adds the asphalt that the pitch wet-mixing forms again after stirring in the already heated mineral aggregate (rubble, aggregate chips, sand, breeze), is used for asphaltic road-mix surface course newly-built or reorganization and expansion highway and cover maintenance.In addition, feature of the present invention is that hot-mix asphalt mixture can be substantially by former grating requirement design, and adding will suitably increase the bituminous consumption after weak point is cut basalt fibre, increases by 0.1%～0.2% again simple setting on the basis of counting asphalt content; Mix the different designs that short quantity of cutting basalt fibre can require according to the amount of being open to traffic and the anti-rut of highway, generally can be 0.10%～0.35% of asphalt weight.Below provide one to cut the asphalt embodiment that basalt fibre carries out the cover maintenance to highway with short, because Asphalt Mixture Design grating scheme is a lot, application is also different with application purpose, and therefore, the present invention is not limited to following embodiment:
Embodiment: milling is carried out on the AC-13C modifying asphalt concrete road surface that rut is serious, milling thickness is 4.5cm, adopt the basalt fibre that mixes weight ratio 0.25% in the SBS modifying asphalt AC-13C compound to carry out cover then, to strengthen the high-temperature stability of compound, solve the rut problem of asphalt highway effectively.
Proportioning design: the weak point of employing is cut basalt fibre through puffing, and its length is 6mm, and filament diameter is 15 μ m, and volume is 0.25% of an asphalt weight.Design grating result is: 10mm～15mm rubble: 5mm～10mm rubble: 0mm～5mm aggregate chips: breeze=25: 33: 40: 2, and it is mixed and joins result such as following table.
Mix and join cartogram as a result
Adding basalt fibre does not influence the proportioning design of compound, does not all change the grating of asphalt under any volume, only needs according to actual needs bitumen aggregate ratio to be finely tuned, and its asphalt content ratio does not increase by 0.2% when not adding fiber.Best bitumen aggregate ratio is 4.8% in this advance copy proportioning, and it is 4.6% with oil mass.Best bitumen aggregate ratio Marshall Test result such as following table:
The short volume of cutting basalt fibre, can add the fiber of different volumes according to desired anti-rut degree of performance difference, under the prerequisite of suitable volume, increase performances such as anti-rut with the consumption of fiber and increase every performance of asphalt and the linear proportional relation of fiber consumption gradually.
Construction precautions:
1) shortly cuts basalt fibre and should in asphalt, have good dispersiveness;
2) want strict controlling fiber consumption during compound is produced, fiber has stronger adsorptive power to pitch, and too much or very few adding fiber all can influence the best pitch bitumen aggregate ratio of compound;
3) the normal construction temperature range that adds basalt fibre modifying asphalt AC-13C is controlled with reference to China's " asphalt highway construction technique normalizing " requirement (JTGF40-2004).
4) short fully uniform mixing when cutting basalt fibre and mixing asphalt, the basalt fibre mode that adds should adopt fiber transfer roller input, utilize the fiber transfer roller automatic gauge and with the synchronous input of asphalt mixture machine.Weak point is cut basalt fibre gather materials to drop into heat and mix pot, its dry mixing time is answered 10～15 seconds of proper extension.
5) add short bituminous mixture laying speed of cutting basalt fibre, pave coefficient and rolling method thereof all can be constructed with reference to code requirement.
Effect assessment: carry out high temperature stability performance and estimate adding basalt fibre modifying asphalt AC-13C compound, the comparative analysis fiber is to the improved action of asphalt high-temperature behavior.Can find out that from following table the dynamic stability that adds basalt fibre AC-13C modifying asphalt concrete is significantly improved than AC-13C modifying asphalt concrete, has improved 21%.
The wheel tracking test result contrasts summary sheet (AC-13C modified asphalt mixture)
| Fiber type | Do not add fiber | Add trevira | Add basalt fibre | Code requirement (%) |
| Dynamic stability (inferior/mm) | ??4230 | ??4825 | ??5105 | ??≥3000 |
From in appearance, this highway section overall condition is good, the no bellding in surface, does not have loose phenomenon; From getting the situation of core, road surface one-piece construction layer is good, and finish coat and old road face bonding are closely; From on-the-spot entity test, compactness reaches 99%, infiltration coefficient is respectively 194ml/min, 143ml/min, 154ml/min, portable pendulum tester detected result antiskid value is respectively 71BPN, 68BPN, 77BPN, worker's sand patch method detected result surface construction degree of depth is 0.62mm, 0.78mm, 0.67mm, and above-mentioned data all show its meet the specifications requirement.
Claims (10)
1. method with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers, it is characterized in that in asphalt the weak point that adds the certain proportion certain-length cuts basalt fibre, thus resistance is split to having played in the asphalt, the enhancing of cracking resistance and reinforcement, " bridging ", toughness reinforcing, increase the bullet effect.
2. a kind of method with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers according to claim 1 is characterized in that institute's enhanced asphalt can be the asphalt that heat is mixed, and also can be Emulsified Asphalt Mixture.
3. a kind of method with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers according to claim 1 is characterized in that the short basalt fibre of cutting is to cut or short cutting after its roving process bulking technology formed with the continuous basalt fiber roving is directly short.
4. a kind of method according to claim 1 with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers, it is characterized in that the short basalt fibre of cutting is mixed and adds the asphalt that the pitch wet-mixing forms again after stirring in the already heated mineral aggregate (rubble, aggregate chips, sand, breeze), be used for asphaltic road-mix surface course newly-built or reorganization and expansion highway and cover maintenance.
5. a kind of method according to claim 1 with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers, it is characterized in that basalt fibre is used for the fiber seal of highway maintenance, soon the basalt fibre roving is cut by the online weak point of fiber seal specific equipment and even spreading, directly emulsified bitumen and the sandstone material with synchronous spreading combines the fiber seal that is used for highway maintenance through rolling, and the amount of fiber spreading is that every square metre 50 gram is to 120 grams.
6. a kind of method with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers according to claim 1, it is characterized in that with short cut become modification after basalt fibre and emulsified bitumen (A emulsion), water, polymkeric substance (P) emulsion, fine aggregate (sand), compound, cement, admixture, aluminium powder, filler etc. stir cement pitch (CA) mortar injection between high-speed railway ballastless track plate and concrete bed elastic adjusting layer or be used to fill ballast bed.
7. a kind of method according to claim 1 with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers, it is characterized in that and to carry out continuous basalt fiber expanded, the mineral fibre of the alternative lignin fiber of the chopped strand that obtains thus, cotton shape, has bigger fiber surface area, can significantly improve the oil absorbency of its fiber, be used to mix the asphalt of highway SMA, OGFC class, have the rutting resistance that improves its asphalt, prolong anti-fatigue life and work-ing life.
8. a kind of method according to claim 1 with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers, it is characterized in that weak point can be cut basalt fibre is used for Hydraulic and Hydro-Power Engineering, be used for refinforced cement bituminous concrete, pouring asphalt concrete, its proportioning is: pitch 14%～20%, filler 20%～45%, sand 38%～63%, the short basalt fibre 0.5～3% of cutting.
9. a kind of method according to claim 2 with enhancing bituminous mixture by adopting chopped basalt fibers, it is characterized in that hot-mix asphalt mixture can be substantially by former grating requirement design, adding will suitably increase the bituminous consumption after weak point is cut basalt fibre, increases by 0.1～0.2% again simple setting on the basis of counting asphalt content; Mixing short quantity of cutting basalt fibre is 0.10%～0.35% of asphalt weight.
10. Emulsified Asphalt Mixture according to claim 2 can be the cut oil asphalt and adopt the polymer modification Emulsified Asphalt Mixture.
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