CN1016983B - Electromagnetic vibration damper with continuously-adjustable spring rigidity - Google Patents
Electromagnetic vibration damper with continuously-adjustable spring rigidityInfo
- Publication number
- CN1016983B CN1016983B CN 88107926 CN88107926A CN1016983B CN 1016983 B CN1016983 B CN 1016983B CN 88107926 CN88107926 CN 88107926 CN 88107926 A CN88107926 A CN 88107926A CN 1016983 B CN1016983 B CN 1016983B
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- Prior art keywords
- mover
- stator
- spring
- electromagnetic
- vibration absorber
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- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种电磁式弹簧刚度连续可调的消振器，它利用电磁弹簧代替传统动力消振器中的机械弹簧，根据振动物体的振动频率，调节电磁弹簧中的励磁电流，即可改变电磁弹簧的弹簧刚度。本发明的消振器主要包括机械弹簧和电磁弹簧，电磁弹簧由励磁线圈、定子和动子组成，励磁线圈固定在定子上或动子上，定子、动子的工作表面上分布有齿宽、齿距和齿数相同的矩形齿圈，工作表面之间留一气隙，定子与振动物体固定联接并通过轴承和机械弹簧与动子构成可动连接。
The invention relates to an electromagnetic spring stiffness continuously adjustable shock absorber, which uses an electromagnetic spring to replace the mechanical spring in the traditional dynamic shock absorber, and adjusts the excitation current in the electromagnetic spring according to the vibration frequency of the vibrating object to change The spring rate of the electromagnetic spring. The damper of the present invention mainly includes a mechanical spring and an electromagnetic spring. The electromagnetic spring is composed of an excitation coil, a stator and a mover. The excitation coil is fixed on the stator or the mover. The working surfaces of the stator and the mover are distributed with tooth width, The rectangular ring gear with the same tooth pitch and number of teeth leaves an air gap between the working surfaces, the stator is fixedly connected with the vibrating object and forms a movable connection with the mover through bearings and mechanical springs.
Description
The invention belongs to vibration control and vibration absorber field.
In the vibration control field, in order to alleviate the vibration of controlled device, people had once proposed various controlling schemes.For example control the damping and the rigidity (damping and the rigidity that comprise bearing device) of vibration system; Adopt electromagnetic bearing or special reverse vibration exciter to carry out reverse exciting; Adopt dynamic damper to carry out weakening or the like.Two U. S. Patents are arranged, and (inventor is all ROBERT E. KEMELHOR, the patent No. is respectively US2940749 and US3059915) bearing device of a kind of being named as " fluid magnet spring, damper and locking device " that utilized characteristics design that the viscosity of magnetic fluid and rigidity become with the power of magnetic intensity, thereby change the damping and the rigidity of bearing device by regulating viscosity that exciting curent in the winding changes magnetic fluid, reach vibration damping or make bearing device obtain the rigid body of certain specific character.After magnetic intensity reached (or surpassing) certain critical value, it is very big that the viscosity of magnetic fluid and rigidity reach, and in fact is considered as body, thereby realize making the purpose of bearing device locking.The principle of these two inventions is identical.The former (US2940749) is prototype, and the latter (US3059915) is a modified model, because the uniqueness of its housing structure, allows the magnetic fluid that adopts several performances different simultaneously, thereby can improve the performance of bearing device, increases the regulation range of its damping and rigidity.They all are a kind of bearing devices of using as vibration damper, are not a kind of dynamic damper.
The big class of another of vibration control adopts dynamic damper exactly.As everyone knows, on vibrating object, install a parasitic vibration system undamped, that only form additional by spring and quality, as long as the natural frequency of this system equates with the vibration frequency of vibrating object, can eliminate the vibration (can make in theory its depressed fully) of oscillating body effectively.This spare system is exactly the dynamic damper (see figure 1) that people are familiar with.But traditional dynamic damper is unadjustable owing to its natural frequency immobilizes, and more can not carry out frequency-tracking control, and it can only be used for the changeless special occasions of vibration frequency.The occasion more common for those, that vibration frequency often changes, traditional dynamic damper does not only have good weakening effect, often can make vibration become more complicated on the contrary.This has just limited the using scope of traditional power vibration absorber greatly.
The objective of the invention is partly to replace mechanical spring in the traditional power vibration absorber with the continuously adjustable electromagnetic spring of a kind of its rigidity, regulate the electric current of field coil in the electromagnetic spring, can change the rigidity of electromagnetic spring, thereby obtain the required natural frequency identical, reach the purpose of weakening with frequency vibrating object.
Particular content of the present invention is, change traditional method for vibration, an additional mechanical spring and an electromagnetic spring on the weakening object, electromagnetic spring is made up of field coil, stator, mover, and field coil is fixed on the stator, also can be fixed on the mover, be distributed with the tooth pitch rectangle gear ring identical on the working surface of stator, mover with the number of teeth, stay an air gap between the working surface, stator and vibrating object are fixedly connected, and constitute and can be dynamically connected by bearing and mechanical spring and mover.
Description of drawings:
Fig. 1: traditional vibration absorber
Fig. 2: frequency-tracking weakening system
Fig. 3: the continuous adjustable vibration absorber of electromagnetic type natural frequency
Fig. 4: one embodiment of the present of invention: straight-line oscillation vibration absorber
Fig. 5: another embodiment of the present invention: torsional vibration vibration absorber
Fig. 6: the another kind of scheme of eliminating the vibration absorber of torsional vibration
Fig. 7: the spring-loaded sheet of vibration absorber
Fig. 8: the mounting type of vibration absorber
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, introduce summary of the invention in detail.
1 is vibrating object among Fig. 1, the 2nd, and vibration absorber.3 is vibration detecting sensors among Fig. 2, the 4th, and signal amplifier, the 5th, frequency discriminator, the 6th, power amplifier, the 7th, voltage to frequency switching controller.Fig. 3 is the continuous adjustable vibration absorber of electromagnetic type natural frequency that the present invention designs, and 8 is bearings among the figure, the 9th, and spring, the 10th, stop pin, the 11st, stator, the 12nd, mover, the 13rd, field coil.Stator 11 movably connects by means of two bearings 8 and two groups of springs 9 formations with mover 12.The magnetic circuit part of stator and mover is all made with good permeability magnetic material, carries out excitation by field coil 13.Leave a small air gap between the working surface of stator and mover, behind coil electricity, the magnetic line of force forms a loop by two air gaps between fixed, the mover.Owing to be evenly distributed with the identical rectangle gear ring of the facewidth, tooth pitch and the number of teeth at stator with mover working surface upper edge axial direction, can produce magnetic pull between the flank of tooth of stator and mover.The size and Orientation of this magnetic pull is relevant with the tooth deviation distance and the offset direction of stator, mover.When the tooth of stator and mover fully on time, magnetic pull is zero, this position is called stable equilibrium position.In the scope of the bias △ of stator and mover tooth S less than ± 1/4 tooth pitch T, magnetic pull increases with the increase of bias △ S, the direction of magnetic pull is then opposite with offset direction fixed, the mover tooth, and its effect is to try hard to eliminate bias fixed, mover, makes it be returned to stable equilibrium position.This is just similar with the characteristic of mechanical spring, so claim electromagnetic spring.By regulating field current, can change the spring rate of electromagnetic spring easily.Field coil 13 can be fixed on the mover, also can be fixed on the stator.The effect of two rolling bearings 8 is to allow to do relative movement vertically and keep its gap length constant between mover and the stator, and can reduce the surface friction drag between stator and the mover.The effect of mechanical spring 9 has two: 1. when vibration absorber is not worked, make stator and mover be in stable equilibrium position mutually; 2. it is in parallel with electromagnetic spring, constitutes the total spring rate of vibration absorber.The spring rate of mechanical spring should be chosen like this, and when electromagnetic spring rigidity was zero (field current is zero), the natural frequency that mechanical spring and mover quality are constituted should be equal to or slightly less than the lowest vibration frequency of controlled device.Can reduce the adjustment range of electromagnetic spring rigidity like this, simplify the design of vibration absorber, dwindle the volume of vibration absorber.The effect of stop pin 10 is to prevent to relatively rotate between stator and the mover.Fig. 4 is one embodiment of the present of invention: the straight-line oscillation vibration absorber.14 is springs among the figure.The stator of vibration absorber and the position of mover are changed mutually, are about to 11 among Fig. 3 as mover, and 12 as stator.Fig. 5 a is a vibration absorber of eliminating torsional vibration.15 is torsion springs among the figure.Fig. 5 b is that the A-A of Fig. 5 a is to view.Fig. 6 a is the another kind of embodiment who eliminates the torsional vibration vibration absorber.Fig. 6 b is that the A-A of Fig. 6 a is to view.Fig. 7 a and Fig. 7 b are two kinds of difform spring-loaded sheets of vibration absorber.Can be used for replacing bearing, mechanical spring and the stop pin of vibration absorber, integrate three's function, make mover pass through the spring-loaded sheet and movably connect with the stator formation.
When the present invention uses, should with stator be fixedly connected by weakening object 1, different according to use occasion and service condition, the mounting type of vibration absorber can adopt suspension type, and (Fig. 8 a), two vibration absorbers (Fig. 8 c) are promptly used in locating type (Fig. 8 b) or two-way weakening.
The present invention includes Fig. 3, straight-line oscillation vibration absorber shown in Figure 4 and Fig. 5, torsional vibration vibration absorber shown in Figure 6.The working principle of torsional vibration vibration absorber is identical with the straight-line oscillation vibration absorber, and only the tooth on its stator and the mover is circumferential, and spring is used torsion spring 15 instead and cancelled stop pin.
The concrete structure parameter of vibration absorber (as the size of the quality of mover, spring and quantity and distribution mode thereof, exciting watts or the like) all needs determine according to service condition, decides by dedicated calculation usually.
The present invention was implemented by the inventor, experimental results show that the weakening effect under the frequency conversion condition makes us very satisfied.
Electromagnetic type is reversed the vibration absorber embodiment:
1. utilizing one of a three-phase stepper motor to carry out the weakening of frequency conversion rate as the variable ratio frequency changer vibration absorber tests.
2. vibration absorber stator diameter (air gap place working surface diameter) φ 20mm
40 of the stator numbers of teeth
9 ° of angular pitch
Stator tooth length 20mm
Air gap 0.1mm
Maximum exciting watts 350 ampere-turns
Maximum magnetic flux moment 1200 gram-centimeters
Do not add mechanical spring
Vibration absorber natural frequency adjustment range 0～27HZ
3. experimental result:
Original vibration when not adding vibration absorber (promptly vibration absorber not being carried out excitation): excited frequency by the scope of 0～27HZ in peak swing 72 μ (arc length of measuring point).
After adding vibration absorber, peak swing is in same frequency range: 6.5 μ.
Effectively the weakening rate is: 72-6.5/72 * %=91%
Claims (4)
1, a kind of dynamic damper, it comprises mechanical spring, it is characterized in that also comprising electromagnetic spring, described electromagnetic spring is made up of stator, mover and field coil, and field coil is fixed on the stator, or is fixed on the mover, be distributed with the identical rectangle gear ring of the facewidth, tooth pitch and the number of teeth on the working surface of stator mover, stay an air gap between the working surface, stator be fixedly connected by the weakening object, and movably connect with the mover formation by bearing and mechanical spring.
2, a kind of vibration absorber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that stator movably connects with the mover formation by the yielding support sheet in the wherein said electromagnetic spring.
3, a kind of vibration absorber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the wherein said electromagnetic spring that the gear ring on stator and the mover working surface distributes vertically, is used to eliminate straight-line oscillation.
4, a kind of vibration absorber as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in the wherein said electromagnetic spring, the gear ring on stator and the mover working surface circumferentially, described mechanical spring is a torsion spring, is used to eliminate torsional vibration.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88107926 CN1016983B (en) | 1988-11-24 | 1988-11-24 | Electromagnetic vibration damper with continuously-adjustable spring rigidity |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88107926 CN1016983B (en) | 1988-11-24 | 1988-11-24 | Electromagnetic vibration damper with continuously-adjustable spring rigidity |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1042974A CN1042974A (en) | 1990-06-13 |
| CN1016983B true CN1016983B (en) | 1992-06-10 |
Family
ID=4834846
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88107926 Expired CN1016983B (en) | 1988-11-24 | 1988-11-24 | Electromagnetic vibration damper with continuously-adjustable spring rigidity |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1016983B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101328946B (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2011-11-09 | 刘新广 | Self-magnetic tuning vibrating absorber |
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| CN103062375A (en) * | 2013-01-21 | 2013-04-24 | 北京理工大学 | Active control device for torsional vibration of gear pair |
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| CN105587812B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-05-18 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of electromagnetic spring with linear negative stiffness characteristics |
| CN105757153B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2018-03-13 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | A kind of electromagnetic spring only with linear rigidity characteristic |
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| CN109630582B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-11-26 | 上海大学 | A kind of electromagnetic spring of adjustable rigidity |
| CN109915519A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-06-21 | 上海交通大学 | Electromagnetic Vibration Isolation System |
| CN110686034A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-01-14 | 北京邮电大学 | Rotary electromagnetic damper with bidirectional torsion spring |
| CN114688204B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2023-03-24 | 西南交通大学 | Fully active vibration absorption system driven by electromagnetic force and gravity compound and its application method |
| CN116289348A (en) * | 2023-03-20 | 2023-06-23 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Vibration isolator, floating slab track and control method for floating slab track |
| CN116292713A (en) * | 2023-03-31 | 2023-06-23 | 江南造船(集团)有限责任公司 | Dynamic vibration absorber |
-
1988
- 1988-11-24 CN CN 88107926 patent/CN1016983B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101328946B (en) * | 2007-06-19 | 2011-11-09 | 刘新广 | Self-magnetic tuning vibrating absorber |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1042974A (en) | 1990-06-13 |
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