CN1016791B - A kind of water-based color paste and its application - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a water-based color paste and application thereof. The aqueous color paste composed of acid dye, water, polyvinyl acetate emulsion, filler and pigment is used for coating varnish and lacquer of different grades, such as general grade, middle grade and high grade, and has the advantages of easy preparation, long-term storage, low cost, less procedures, simple operation and high quality.

Description

The invention relates to a water-based color paste and its application. The water-based color paste is suitable for general-grade, intermediate-grade and high-grade different types of transparent or translucent varnish finishing for wood products such as wooden furniture, and can also be used for wide-grade lacquer finishing.

Finishing techniques such as existing wooden furniture varnishes are described in detail in the book "Furniture Finishing Techniques" written by the editing group of "Furniture Finishing Art", Light Industry Press, December, 1983, the first edition, "Furniture Finishing Techniques", described on pages 138-172 The varnish finishing process is generally divided into five stages, namely surface treatment, basic coloring, coating coloring, varnish finishing, and paint film finishing. There are 10 to 23 processes respectively depending on the processing technology, and there are many processes. Because the prices of natural products shellac and solvent alcohol are more and more expensive, the cost of traditional finishing is getting higher and higher, and the use of shellac paint as a primer is not heat-resistant, so high-grade paint such as polyurethane coating on this surface will also reduce the cost. Adhesion: The improved scraping water-based dyeing putty and wiping resin color paste process both have the disadvantages of uneven filling and poor coloring, and because the resin color paste uses organic solvents, the cost is high, the volatility is large, and the working environment is polluted Seriously, its promotion and application are limited.

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, replace shellac paint and resin color paste in the prior art with water-based color paste, and provide a water-based color paste with low cost, few operations and high finishing quality and its uses.

The content of the present invention is a water-based color paste, which is characterized in that the composition (weight) is: 0.5-1.5% acid dye, 40-50% water, 8-12% polyvinyl acetate emulsion (white glue) or industrial gelatin, 40% ~50% filler, 0.5~2% pigment.

The acid dyes described in the content of the present invention are acid bright yellow, acid golden yellow, acid black, A mixture of one or more of acid mordant brown, acid scarlet, black sodium powder, and yellow sodium powder.

The filler described in the summary of the present invention is one or more mixtures of talcum powder (magnesium silicate), calcium carbonate (white powder), powdered glass, and calcium sulfate (gypsum).

The pigments described in the content of the present invention are iron oxide yellow, iron oxide black, iron oxide red, iron oxide blue, red powder, silver beads, lead chrome yellow, ultramarine blue, titanium dioxide, phthalocyanine organic pigments (such as: phthalocyanine Red, Phthalocyanine Blue B, Phthalocyanine Green B, etc.) or a mixture of more.

The water-based color paste of the present invention is used for finishing wood products, furthermore, it is used for general-grade, intermediate or high-grade different types of transparent or translucent varnish finishing for wood products, and can also be used for wide-grade paint finishing for wood products.

Applying the water-based color paste of the present invention to paint wooden products includes the following steps in ordinary furniture finishing: (1) intercalation, intercalation putty consists of 20 parts (weight) of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, 120-130 parts of filler (same as above), pigment (Same as above) 1-5 parts, water 70-90 parts by weight mixed composition, (2) brushing water-based color paste, (3) dry sanding after water-based color paste is dry, (4) brushing the first coat Phenolic varnish or alkyd varnish, add 10-20% (weight) of talcum powder or powdered glass into the paint, 10-20% (weight) of thinner, (5) embedded, the formula and method are the same as (1 ), (6) adjust the color difference, (7) dry sanding, (8) brush the second phenolic varnish or alkyd varnish.

Applying the water-based color paste of the present invention to paint wooden products, in intermediate furniture finishing, after completing the above-mentioned common furniture finishing procedures, the following procedures are also included: (9) dry sanding, (10) full scraping, and the putty is composed of Weight ratio 100 parts of varnish (such as polyurethane paint, etc.), 170-190 parts of gypsum or talcum powder, 5-15 parts of water, appropriate amount of thinner, (11) Brush polyurethane paint, (12) Water sanding, (13) Finish with polyurethane, acrylic, polyester or photosensitive paint.

Applying the water-based color paste of the present invention to finish wooden products, in high-grade furniture finishing, on the finish After the full scraping and greasing process of intermediate furniture finishing, the following processes are also included: (11) finishing polyurethane paint or acrylic paint, (12) water sanding, (13) finishing polyurethane paint, acrylic paint, polyester paint or photosensitive paint, (14) water sanding, (15) polishing, (16) refurbishment.

Applying the water-based color paste of the present invention to paint wooden products, in the wide lacquer finishing of wooden furniture, after completing the dry sanding process after the water-based color paste of the above-mentioned common furniture finishing, also includes the following steps: (4) Brushing the first step Wide paint, (5) water sanding, (6) full scraping wide paint putty, (7) dry sanding, (8) brush the second coat of wide paint.

The above diluent is 200# solvent gasoline, pine water, xylene, cyclohexanone or dimethylformamide, or a mixture thereof.

Taking the filler as talcum powder or white powder, the pigment as iron oxide, and the topcoat as polyurethane as an example, the preparation of water-based color paste and the method of coating wood products are described as follows:

1. Prepare water-based color paste. Add acid dye to boiling water to dissolve and cool, mix with polyvinyl acetate emulsion (hereinafter referred to as white glue) to form dye glue, mix filler and pigment, and then mix the two to obtain water-based color paste. Determine the amount of acid dye according to the requirements of the sample color. Note that the dye color should be slightly lighter than the sample color. The better weight ratio is 1 to 3 parts of dye (use less for light colors and more for dark colors), and 100 parts of water; Add the dye to dissolve, after cooling, first pour a small amount of dye water into the white glue and stir to dissolve, then pour the remaining dye water into the mix evenly for use, the better weight ratio is 100 parts of dye aqueous solution, about 20 parts of white glue; then In addition, mix talc powder (the color should be white, such talcum powder will have good transparency after being painted with varnish, fine, above 300 mesh), iron oxide single or mixed color pigments (for ordinary varnish, try to mix the pigment color as closely as possible) It is close to the sample color, so that the pit color after filling the hole is relatively close to the early material color, which can create good conditions for the consistent color of the surface after the putty is embedded. The test method is to add an appropriate amount of varnish and sample color to a small amount of iron oxide pigment For comparison, the closer the better, because doing ordinary cleaning Lacquer furniture is generally made of rough wood, and there are many places that need to be patched. The color tone determined by this method can reduce the color difference in the subsequent process. The wood grain can still be clearly seen on the objects painted by this toning method. Since high-grade varnish finishing has high requirements on wood grain and color, and high-grade furniture has good wood, there are fewer places to be inlaid. According to the principle of "color stripping", the iron oxide pigment can be tinted darker than the model color, so that It can increase the contrast between the pit color after filling and the early wood color outside the pit, so as to achieve a clearer wood grain effect). Then pour the dye glue into the colored talcum powder and stir well. The preferred weight ratio of dye glue and colored talcum powder is 100:80-90. In short, depending on the pits of the wood, add less dye glue to make the pits thicker and easy to fill the pits, otherwise add more dye glue.

2. Embedding: The embedding putty is composed of talcum powder, white glue, water, and iron oxide pigments of various colors. The formula ratio by weight is: 20 parts by weight of white glue, 120-130 parts of talcum powder, 1-3 parts of iron oxide pigment, and about 70-90 parts of water. The following issues should be paid attention to when preparing putty: (1) Although the iron oxide pigment in the ordinary quality putty is the same as the iron oxide pigment in the ordinary color paste, the amount of the pigment in the talcum powder should be less than that of the pigment and talc in the color paste The ratio of powder to powder, so that the putty scar is not obvious when the varnish is applied. For example, there are 3 parts of iron oxide yellow and 100 parts of talcum powder in the color paste, then there are 2 parts of iron oxide yellow and 100 parts of talc powder in the embedded putty. (2) The iron oxide pigment color in the putty used for high-grade varnish should also be lighter than the iron oxide pigment color in the color paste, and should be matched to the model color to weaken the putty scar. (3) Regardless of the level of operation, there is no need to perform dry sanding on a large area before intercalation, only partial dry sanding and treatment of insect holes, cracks, oil knots, etc., which will save labor and will not affect the quality. (4) This kind of putty can be adjusted to be a little thinner for easy scraping. For particularly low recesses, it can be adjusted a little dry. (5) For places that are particularly difficult to scrape, dip your fingers in the putty and smear it. This kind of putty is not like oily putty or shellac putty, which cannot be scraped back and forth repeatedly. It can be scraped back and forth repeatedly or smoothed with your fingers. When scraping, the surface of the object should be flat, and it should not be higher than the surface of the object because of the sinking of the putty after it dries, so when the varnish is applied Putty scars are also easy to appear after the finish. When the temperature is 20°C and the humidity is 70%, it can be surface-dried in 2 hours. In order to shorten the construction period, the color paste can be applied after the surface is dry, without waiting for it to dry completely. Of course, it would be better to brush the color paste after it is completely dry. The unused putty is sealed, and the second putty can still be used.

3. Brushing water-based color paste: according to the general operation method of water coloring. The brush tool can use pig brown hair paint brush. The length of the bristles should be moderate. If the new bristles are too long and soft, one section can be removed, but the bristles should not be too short. Appropriate length of bristles can not only dip in more color paste, but also easily fill the wood grain holes, and can also make the brush lines smoother after brushing. It should be noted that the color paste should be stirred frequently when brushing to prevent the precipitation of talcum powder. When brushing, use a pig brown paint brush to dip a little bit of color paste first, spread it on the surface of the object, and then quickly use the horizontal and vertical method to brush back and forth several times to fully incorporate the color paste into the pits. The action should be fast, so that the talcum powder and The pigment is filled into the water pit before it expands. Then close the brush along the wood grain, use light force, and strive to avoid brush road marks, sagging, and overhanging. The talcum powder in the color paste should basically cover the wood surface after brushing. Do not apply too little color paste, otherwise the color paste will shrink after drying, and dry sanding will not achieve the purpose of filling the wood grain holes. If the wood grain hole is very deep, thicker brush is needed to fill the grain hole. Because the color paste is repeatedly brushed horizontally and vertically, the dye color in the color paste is evenly absorbed by the wood surface, so there will be no uneven color.

4. Dry sanding, use No. 0 sandpaper. Generally, 4 hours after brushing with water-based color paste (under the conditions of 20°C and 70% humidity). Since the filler used is mainly talcum powder, the amount of white glue also takes into account the requirements for good sanding, so it is still good for sanding even though it is thickly coated. Pay attention to uniform force and consistent movement when sanding. For ordinary varnishes, it is enough to sand until the wood grain is faintly visible, but for high-grade varnishes, it is necessary to sand a few more times, so that there are no obvious fillers and textures on the surface of the wood. However, it is necessary to pay attention not to sand too much, and do not sand according to the principle of "striping color", otherwise it is easy to sand off a very thin layer of white glue and even the dye color, thereby weakening the effect on the back cover and coloring of the wood. Why do we need to save the process of white blank sanding? Because when sanding white blanks, most of the wood burrs are pressed into the wood grain holes, especially soft materials. It will stand up again in the subsequent process, so white sand sanding has little effect. And after brushing the color paste and then dry sanding, the wood burrs will be easily sanded off. The role of the binder in the color paste: the use of white glue as a binder has two purposes, one is to prevent the talcum powder and pigments filled in the wood grain holes from being wiped off by sanding or brushing varnish, and the other is to Wood also has a certain back sealing effect, which can reduce the amount of varnish used. But it should not be used more, otherwise the following problems will occur: increase the dry sanding time, it is not easy to sand evenly, reduce the bonding force with the top varnish, and affect the appearance of wood grain. The same is true for the amount of white glue used in the embedding putty. One of the reasons that affect the appearance of wood grain is that the surface of the object is covered with too much white glue, which will affect the penetration of the top varnish to the filler. The filler talcum powder in the pits needs to be saturated with varnish before it becomes transparent.

Five, brush head varnish. Add 10-20% talcum powder (weight) into the paint, then add 200 ^# solvent gasoline or pine water diluent and a small amount of oil-soluble dye equal to the talcum powder, the weight ratio of varnish and oil-soluble dye is 1000:0.5 ~2. In short, adding dye color will make the color of furniture more vivid, and it also has a coloring effect on putty scars. The addition of talcum powder, one is to fill the pits, and more importantly, it is for good sanding. The effect after sanding is particularly good. For painting, use a paintbrush to dip in more paint liquid, and paint it on the surface of the object. Stop painting when the amount of paint on the object surface is satisfied. At this time, brush horizontally or obliquely to promote the paint liquid to spread evenly, and then press the wood Brush straight twice in the direction of the grain, use heavier force when brushing horizontally, and gradually reduce force when brushing straight. After drying, it is to be embedded.

6. Dry sanding, secondary embedding, and adjustment of color difference: use No. 0 sandpaper, sand it back and forth several times, and sand it until the gloss of the top coat is not visible. The formula of embedding putty is still the same as the first time. For the first patching method, after drying, apply the same colored varnish to the putty scar as the first layer, and then dry it the same way as the first patching, and adjust the color difference with "wine color" or glue color, wine color need not go into details (see " Furniture Finishing Process "P140～152), the glue color is made by adding 4-6% (weight) gelatin or 8-12% white glue with acid dye water. The advantage is that it is heat-resistant, transparent, and it can be wiped off to start over when the color to be filled is not ideal. For advanced finishing, before touch-up You can also use a pen to draw the same wood grain in order to be consistent with the surrounding texture.

7. Brush the second coat of varnish: the brushing method is the same as the first coat, talcum powder and thinner are not added to the paint with ordinary quality requirements, and oil-soluble dyes are added according to whether it is necessary. When it's done, it's done. It's just that the amount of paint can be increased by 3-6%, and it will be bright and plump after drying. The paint and brushing methods for intermediate and high-level are still the same as the first time.

Eight, full scraping gypsum paint putty. Adding talcum powder to the top varnish or scraping putty multiple times before painting to achieve the purpose of filling the pits is not very effective. When the top varnish is soaked into the wood, the absorption rate of the wood grain hole and the wood diameter surface are inconsistent, the wood grain hole will sink, and the wood diameter surface will expand slightly, so that the flatness of the surface after the paint film dries It is not as good as before painting. To get a full and bright paint film on such a basis, it is to increase the amount of sanding and paint consumption, and the effect is not very good. Of course, it is not as good as filling the pits with plaster paint putty. This is like brushing a paint on the glass to get the light is equal to multiple brushes on the wood surface, so it is necessary to add a full scraping plaster paint putty. When scraping the putty this time, pay attention to the following problems: (1) Choose gypsum with fine grains and slow draft, (2) Use polyurethane varnish (one-component), mix it thoroughly, and then add a small amount of water. The formula ratio is 100 parts (by weight) of varnish, 180-190 parts of gypsum, 5-10 parts of water, and continue to mix (do not add water according to the conventional method, as the putty is not delicate). Cool. But don't add too much water, otherwise not only the putty will not be delicate, but also putty scars will easily appear after painting. (3) If the putty has been used for a long time and is too sticky to continue scraping, a small amount of water and varnish thinner (xylene or cyclohexanone) can be added. Adding water and thinner is an effective means to solve the problem of smooth scraping of putty . It is not possible to add more varnish to achieve the purpose of thinning the putty. Such putty has high viscosity and it is not easy to collect all the putty. (4) The blade surface of the tool for collecting putty should be narrower, 2.5 to 3 inches is enough, and it should be harder, so that it is easy to collect all the putty. (5) The method of collecting putty can be changed from the routine: use your fingers to press the scraper and shovel forward to collect it easily. The main reason is that this putty is extremely viscous, and it is difficult to remove it with a general scraper. Fairness is not easy to collect. The purpose of this greasy scraping is only to further fill the pits, and it must be collected as much as possible. (6) When the putty is 90% dry, the first coat of polyurethane or acrylic paint can be applied. Do not wait until the putty is completely dry before painting the varnish, otherwise there will be putty scars after painting, which will affect the clarity of wood grain and color. meaning. In short, to master the heat, you can use your fingers to rub the surface of the object to judge the degree of dryness. When you feel a little rough and can't wipe off the putty, you can apply the third varnish. Generally, paint 3 hours after scraping.

Nine, brush head road polyurethane varnish or acrylic acid varnish. Talc powder and oil-soluble dyes or disperse dyes should still be added to the paint (the weight ratio of oil-soluble dyes is 1000 polyurethane varnish: dye 0.3-0.8, and the ratio of disperse dyes is polyurethane varnish 1000: dye 0.1-0.5). The consumption of talcum powder is 10～20% (weight) of polyurethane, and then add anhydrous xylene or cyclohexanone equivalent to talcum powder. Oil-soluble dyes should be diluted and dissolved with xylene or cyclohexanone before adding, and disperse dyes should be diluted and dissolved with dimethylformamide before adding. The surface of polyurethane paint dries quickly and has high viscosity. When brushing, it should be noted that it is best to use old brushes for brushes, so that the bristles are not easy to fall off and the brush is even. The row brush should be wider (about 15 pieces), so that it can be brushed back and forth evenly in a limited time.

Ten, water sanding. You must wait for the three coats of paint to fully dry before water sanding. Use No. 300-400 water sandpaper dipped in water and sand smooth. Sand as much as possible until the surface is dull and whitish.

11. Brush four paints: This polyurethane paint does not add other auxiliary materials. The objects and the site are clean before brushing. When brushing carefully, the bright and full effect can be obtained. The intermediate paint is finished here. High-grade paint also needs water sanding, polishing and paint film trimming.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics:

(1) The main performance indicators of varnish and varnish finished with water-based color paste are as follows:

1. Color sense: uniform, natural, clear texture, transparent bottom.

2. Heat resistance (keep the temperature of the electric iron for 15 minutes): ordinary above 100°C (alkyd varnish surface), advanced above 100°C (polyurethane varnish).

3. Water resistance: more than 100 hours for ordinary, more than 100 hours for medium and advanced.

4. Adhesion (grid method): ordinary 100%, advanced 90%.

5. Brightness: normal 80, medium 90 and above, advanced 90 and above.

(2) The water-based color paste of the present invention is easy to prepare and easy to operate, and no abnormality has been found in storage for more than 3 months. According to the performance analysis of each component, the water-based color paste can be stored for a long period of time without any pollution to air odor, so The water-based color paste of the present invention can be prepared during use, and can be mass-produced and sold, and is convenient to use and low in cost.

(3) Use the water-based color paste of the present invention to paint wood products, brush the water-based color paste, and then dry sanding after drying, because the filler in the wood grain holes has dried during dry sanding and no longer shrinks, and dry sanding is again Note that the filler in the pits is retained, so the surface of the object after sanding is basically smooth, which solves the problem of uneven filling of water-based dyeing putty or resin color paste in the prior art, and improves the quality; In addition, because the acid dye used in the present invention penetrates evenly into the wood, the color is particularly uniform and durable.

(4) shellac is not heat-resistant, and is not well combined with polyurethane, and cannot be used when the air humidity is greater than 80%. The present invention overcomes these defects. Alkyd varnish or other varnishes are used to replace multiple times of polyurethane painting in the prior art, so that the cost is greatly reduced, and all the indexes reach the specified standards.

Attached Table 1 is a cost comparison table between the prior art and the present invention when finishing 1 square meter of different types of varnish surfaces. As can be seen from the table, the cost of the present invention is far lower than that of the prior art.

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiment:

Embodiment 1: iron yellow ordinary varnish surface.

1. With water-based color paste. (1) Pour 100 parts (weight) of acid bright yellow, 50 parts of acid golden yellow and 11 parts of acid black into 16100 parts of boiling water to dissolve and cool. (2) Pour 20 parts of white glue into 100 parts of cooled dye water and mix and dissolve. (3) Fully mix 4 parts of iron oxide yellow and 100 parts of talcum powder. (4) Then fully mix the two according to the weight ratio of 100 parts of colored glue and 90 parts of colored talcum powder for use.

Second, embedding. Pour 20 parts of white glue, 128 parts of talcum powder, 2.5 parts of iron oxide yellow, and about 80 parts of water into a container, mix and stir evenly, and then use it. Under the conditions of temperature 20°C and dry humidity of 80%), the color paste can be applied. It is not necessary to wait until it is completely dry, as long as the color paste cannot be wiped off when the color paste is applied, the remaining putty can still be used when it is sealed and repaired for the second time.

Three, brush water-based color paste. Use a pig brown paint brush dipped in the color paste to cover the surface of the object, and quickly brush it back and forth several times in a horizontal and vertical manner. Be sure to fill the wood grain holes with the color paste, and then close the brush lines along the grain. After brushing for about 4 hours, (temperature 20 ℃, humidity 70%) can be sanded.

Four, dry sanding. Use No. 0 sandpaper, and sand until the surface is flat, without brush marks, and burrs are faintly visible.

Five, brush head varnish. Use phenolic varnish or alkyd varnish, add 15% (weight) of talcum powder into the paint, then add 200 ^# solvent gasoline or pine water equal to the talcum powder, and dissolve 5 parts of oil-dissolved yellow in proportion by weight, and oil-dissolved Add 1 part of black to 10,000 parts of varnish to blend and dissolve. When painting, the amount of paint can be increased by 10% compared with the conventional one without affecting the flow.

6. Dry sanding, embedding again, and adjusting color difference: (1) Use No. 0 sandpaper, under the premise of not sanding through the paint film, try to sand off the gloss, and clean after sanding. (2) Then intercalation, the method is the same as the first time. After drying, apply the same varnish to the putty scars as the first coat, and then polish and clean the putty scars after drying. (3) Use wine color or glue color to adjust the color difference (same as before), lightly sand after drying, and then apply secondary paint.

7. Apply two coats of paint. When the color of the surface is not ideal, you can still add oil-soluble color, but you can’t add talcum powder. On the premise of not affecting the flow and falling, you can increase the amount of paint by 5% to ensure that the paint film is bright and full after drying. finished.

Embodiment two, reddish-brown polyurethane varnish surface.

1. With water-based color paste. (1) Pour 100 parts (weight) of acid scarlet, 50 parts of acid golden yellow and 10 parts of acid black into 8000 parts of boiling water to dissolve and cool. (2) Pour 20 parts (by weight) of white glue into 100 parts of cooled dye water and mix and dissolve. (3) Fully mix 3 parts (by weight) of iron oxide red, 1 part of iron oxide black and 100 parts of talcum powder, and then mix and stir them evenly according to the weight ratio of 100 parts of dye glue and 80 parts of colored talcum powder.

Second, embedding. Pour 20 parts of white glue, 122 parts of talcum powder, 5 parts of iron oxide red, and about 80 parts of water into the container, mix and stir evenly, and then use it. The precautions for embedding have been mentioned above, and it can be brushed in about 2 hours. Color paste (under the condition of temperature 20℃, dry humidity 80%), the remaining putty can still be used after sealing the second layer of embedding.

Three, brush water-based color paste. Same as embodiment one.

Four, dry sanding. Use No. 0 sandpaper, sand with even force and consistent movement, and sand to the surface of the wood without obvious visible fillers and textures.

Five, brush head varnish. Use alkyd varnish, add 15% (weight) talcum powder to the paint, then add 200 ^# solvent gasoline or pine water thinner equal to the talc powder and 0.1% oil-soluble red, 0.04% oil-soluble yellow, 0.01 % oil soluble black. When painting, use a paintbrush to dip more paint solution on the object surface, and stop painting when the amount of paint on the object surface is satisfied. At this time, you can brush horizontally or obliquely to promote the full expansion of the paint solution, and then brush straightly for several times according to the direction of the wood grain. After drying, dry sand with No. 0 sandpaper. Since the paint contains talcum powder, it is very good for sanding. Sand until the paint surface basically loses its luster.

Sixth, embedding and adjusting chromatic aberration. The embedding method is the same as the first time. After drying, apply the same varnish to the putty scar as the first one. After drying, sand and clean it to adjust the color difference with glue color (the method is the same as before), and then use a brush to draw wood grain on the putty scar. Communication texture.

Seven, brush two alkyd varnishes. The method is the same as the first time, and the paint is still the same as the first time. After drying, dry sand with No. 0 sandpaper.

Eight, full scraping gypsum polyurethane varnish putty. The matters needing attention are the same as before, and the putty is composed of 100 parts of polyurethane, 185 parts of gypsum, 5 parts of water, 0.1 part of oil-soluble red, 0.04 parts of oil-soluble yellow, and 0.01 part of oil-soluble black.

9. Apply polyurethane varnish: When the putty is 90% dry (drying test method is the same as before), paint can be applied. Add 15% (weight) talcum powder and xylene or cyclohexanone equivalent to talcum powder to the paint. Polyurethane paint dries quickly on the surface and has a high viscosity, so the attention should be highly concentrated when brushing. Use the old row of brushes, so that the bristles are not easy to fall off, and it is easy to brush evenly. The row of brushes should be wider (about 15 pieces), so that the horizontal and vertical brushes can be evenly brushed back and forth within a limited time. Under the condition of good ventilation, humidity 70%, temperature 20℃, water sanding can be done after 24 hours.

Ten, water sanding. Use No. 280-320 water sandpaper dipped in water to smooth it, and sand as much as possible until the surface is dull and white.

Eleven, brush two polyurethane varnishes. No other auxiliary materials are added to the paint, and the brushing method is the same as that of the first polyurethane varnish. When the drying conditions are the same as the first, it can be polished after 48 hours.

Twelve, polishing. The existing polishing methods can be used, and the following methods can also be used: (1) Making tile ash: (1) Grinding the tiles on the oil stone or grinding wheel to remove the powder; (2) Remove the coarse particles by water bleaching; (3) Settling mortar or drying. (2) Grinding the paint film with water and polishing: (1) First use No. 700 or No. 800 water sandpaper to dip it in water and sand it carefully until it is not bright; (2) Then use No. 1000 water sandpaper to fully sand it again, without sand leakage; (3) After cleaning, use a flannel cloth dipped in tile ash and then some sewing machine oil to wrap around the paint film Or rub horizontally and vertically, with even force, observe the paint film frequently, add tile ash and engine oil in time, pay attention not to dip too much in the engine oil, just make the tile ash a little moist, otherwise the paint film will not be polished, this is very important. When it is as bright as a mirror, it will be completed. This polishing method is a step further than the sand wax polishing method.

Embodiment three: reddish-brown wide paint. (7 points have been painted 55%, cooked tung oil 45% wide lacquer).

Dispensing water-based color paste, embedding, brushing water-based color paste, sanding, and adjusting color difference are all the same as the previous embodiment two. Brush head Daoguang lacquer: add 15% (weight) talcum powder and 15% pine perfume or xylene to the paint, and paint and collect according to the conventional method. In order to make the paint film brighter, you can still scrape a layer of gypsum wide paint putty. Add a small amount of silver beads or red powder or Lisol red to the putty. Use No. 280-320 water sandpaper to dry sand and coat with two coats of wide paint. If do light yellowish brown broad lacquer, the operation before brushing paint, with the relevant operation in embodiment one. This method can also be used for pure paint finishing, but the adhesion is poor. The lacquer furniture painted by this method has uniform, bright colors and clear wood grains, and the treatment effect on putty scars is unprecedentedly good.

Embodiment four, light teak color ordinary varnish surface.

1. With water-based color paste. (1) Pour 60 parts (weight) of acid golden yellow, 15 parts of acid bright yellow and 20 parts of acid black into 10000 parts of boiling water to dissolve and cool; (2) pour 20 parts (weight) of white glue into 100 parts of cooled dye Mix and dissolve in water (1) to form colored glue; (3) Mix 0.4 parts (weight) of iron oxide yellow, 0.3 parts of iron oxide red, 0.3 parts of iron oxide black and talcum powder; (4) then press 100 parts of colored glue 85 parts by weight of colored talcum powder, the two are fully mixed to obtain water-based color paste.

2. Embedding, mix 20 parts of white glue, 128 parts of talcum powder, 0.4 parts of iron yellow, 0.3 parts of iron red, 0.3 parts of iron black, and about 80 parts of water by weight and stir evenly. use.

Three, brush water-based color paste. 4. Dry sanding.

Five, brush the first varnish. Note that the weight ratio of oil-soluble dyes in the varnish is 2 parts of oil-soluble red, 4 parts of oil-soluble yellow, 2 parts of oil-soluble black, 10000 parts of varnish, 1500 parts of talcum powder, and 1500 parts of pine perfume.

Sixth, dry sanding, embedding again, and adjusting the color difference.

Seven, brush the second varnish.

The operation method of above-mentioned operation 2～7 is the same as embodiment 1, omission.

Embodiment five, chestnut shell color polyurethane varnish surface (intermediate).

1. With water-based color paste. (1) Pour 70 parts (weight) of acid scarlet, 176 parts of acid golden yellow and 53 parts of acid black into 10000 parts of boiling water to dissolve and cool; (2) mix 20 parts (weight) of white glue and 120 parts of cooled dye water ( 1) Mix evenly to form dye glue; (3) Mix 1.3 parts (by weight) of iron oxide red, 1.5 parts of iron oxide yellow, 1 part of iron oxide black, and 100 parts of large white powder; (4) Then press 100 parts of dye glue, The weight ratio of about 80 parts of colored white powder is mixed to obtain water-based color paste.

2. For embedding, mix 20 parts of white glue (by weight), 80 parts of water, about 125 parts of talcum powder, 1 part of iron oxide red, 1.2 parts of iron oxide yellow, and 0.7 parts of iron oxide black before use.

Three, brush water-based color paste. 4. Dry sanding.

5. Brush head and road varnish. Note that the weight ratio of oil-soluble dyes in the varnish is 0.05 parts of oil-soluble red, 0.05 parts of oil-soluble yellow, 0.04 parts of oil-soluble black, 100 parts of alkyd varnish, 15 parts of talcum powder, and 15 parts of rosin water.

Sixth, embedding and adjusting chromatic aberration.

Seven, brush the second alkyd varnish, the same as five.

8. Full scraping of polyurethane varnish gypsum putty, pay attention to the weight ratio of 0.05 parts of oil-soluble red, 0.05 parts of oil-soluble yellow, 0.04 parts of oil-soluble black, and 100 parts of polyurethane varnish.

Nine, brush polyurethane varnish. Ten, water sanding.

Eleven, brush the second polyurethane varnish.

The above-mentioned steps 2-11 are the same as in Embodiment 2, omitted.

A few notes:

(1) Iron oxide red, yellow, black, blue and other pigments are used, which have good dispersibility, low price, and are easy to mix evenly. The effect is better, and of course other pigments described in the present invention can also be used. Similarly, the purpose and effect of the present invention can be achieved by using the dyes, fillers, adhesives, etc. described in the embodiments of the present invention, and will not be repeated one by one.

(2) The performance of the same commercially available material varies due to different origins and manufacturers, so it is necessary to flexibly control the formula ratio. The basic materials used in the embodiment of the present invention are: polyvinyl acetate emulsion (white glue) is crystal brand of Guizhou Organic Chemical Factory, alkyd varnish and polyurethane varnish (one-component) are Chongqing Three Gorges brand, acid dye is Tianjin Chemical Raw Material Company pompom card.

(3) The present invention only describes the manual operation method, but it is also applicable to mechanized construction.

(4) The adhesion of the paint film is related to the time after drying. The adhesion of objects after a few days of drying is far worse than that of more than half a month.

(5) The water-based color paste coating method of the present invention can also replace the full scraping dust in the water-mixed paint. First, it can improve work efficiency, and second, it can reduce costs. However, the amount of white glue needs to be increased in the water-based color paste, and gypsum greasy is suitable for the embedded putty For example, there is no need to add dyes to the water-based color paste, and the pigments can be increased or decreased according to specific conditions.

Table 1. Cost comparison table for finishing 1 square meter of varnish surface

unit: yuan

Type Normal Intermediate Advanced

Cost (yuan)

Material name A B A B A B

Shellac 0.814 / 0.88 /

Alcohol 0.68 / 0.72 /

Water-based color paste 0.10 0.10 0.10

Resin color paste 0.30

Complexion 0.50

Alkyd varnish 1.45 0.99

Novolac 0.70 1.40

Polyurethane paint 7.36 2.45 9.82 2.62

Talc powder 0.015 0.025 0.03

Calcium carbonate 0.075

Pine perfume 0.087 0.14

Mixed solvent 0.24 0.12 0.12 0.24

Water-based putty 0.12

Pigment 0.03

Wood sandpaper 0.04 0.04 0.08 0.16 0.08 0.16

Water sandpaper 0.10 0.10 0.15 0.30

Sand wax, light wax 0.10

Sporadic accessories 0.02 0.02 0.10 0.10 0.20 0.30

Labor cost 0.566 0.377 1.36 1.36 2.83 2.83

Total 3.02 2.10 10.96 5.87 11.27 7.57

Note: (1) In the table, A represents the existing traditional method; B represents the method of the present invention.

(2) In the table, cost = material consumption × current retail price of materials.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of aqueous color paste is characterized in that composition (weight) is: 0.5～1.5% matching stain, 40～50% water, 8～12% polyvinyl acetate emulsions or technical gelatine, 40～50% fillers, 0.5～2% pigment.

2,, it is characterized in that matching stain is that acid light yellow, acid golden yellow, erie black, acid mordanting brown, acid scarlet, the black powder, Huang received are received one or more mixture in the powder by the described aqueous color paste of claim 1.

3,, it is characterized in that filler is one or more the mixture in talcum powder, lime carbonate, calcium sulfate, the powdered glass by claim 1 or 2 described aqueous color pastes.

4,, it is characterized in that pigment is that iron oxide yellow, iron oxide black, red iron oxide, iron oxide blue, red, silver-colored pearl, lead-chrome yellow, ultramarine, titanium dioxide, phthalocyanine are one or more the mixture in the pigment dyestuff by claim 1 or 2 described aqueous color pastes.

5,, it is characterized in that pigment is that iron oxide black, iron oxide yellow, red iron oxide, iron oxide blue, red, silver-colored pearl, lead-chrome yellow, ultramarine, titanium dioxide, phthalocyanine are one or more the mixture in the pigment dyestuff by the described aqueous color paste of claim 3.

6, be used for coating wood by the described aqueous color paste of claim 1.

7, be used for the transparent or semitransparent varnish covering with paint of general level of woodwork by the described aqueous color paste of claim 6.

8, be used for the intermediate transparent or semitransparent varnish covering with paint of woodwork by the described aqueous color paste of claim 6.

9, be used for the senior transparent or semitransparent varnish covering with paint of woodwork by the described aqueous color paste of claim 6.

10, be used for the wide lacquer covering with paint of woodwork by the described aqueous color paste of claim 6.