CN101611521B - Non-shielding, high-speed and low-crosstalk electric connector - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrical connector may include a first connector having electrically conductive contacts. The contacts may have blade-shaped mating ends and may be arranged in a centerline. The electrical connector may include a second connector having electrically conductive receptacle contacts, which may also be arranged in the centerline. The connectors may mate so that mating portions of the first contacts in the second connector naturally contact corresponding blade-shaped mating ends of the contacts in the first connector.

Description

Unshielded, high-speed, low-crosstalk electrical connector

technical field

The present invention relates to electrical connectors.

Background technique

Electrical connectors provide signal connections in electronic equipment using conductive contacts. In some applications, electrical connectors provide a connectable interface between one or more substrates (eg, printed circuit boards). Such electrical connectors may include header connectors mounted to the first substrate and complementary receptacle connectors mounted to the second substrate. Typically, a first plurality of contacts in the header connector is adapted to mate with a corresponding plurality of contacts in the receptacle connector.

Undesirable electrical signal interference between differential signal pairs of electrical contacts increases with signal density, especially in electrical connectors that lack metallic crosstalk shields. Signal density is important because silicon chips suffer from thermal constraints as clock speeds increase. One way to achieve greater signal throughput, despite the limitations of silicon-based chips, is to operate several chips and their corresponding transmission paths in parallel at the same time. This solution requires more backplane, midplane and daughter card space allocated to electrical connectors.

Therefore, there is a need for a quadrature differential signal electrical connector with balanced mating characteristics, which occupies a minimum amount of substrate space, yet still operates at speeds greater than 4Gb/s, and has a percent Six or less worst case (worst-case), multi-source crosstalk (multi-active crosstalk).

Contents of the invention

An electrical connector comprising: a plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts arranged at least partially in unison along a common centerline, wherein adjacent, alternating contacts are contacted by corresponding blades of a mating connector The head (blade contacts) is deflected in the opposite direction. An electrical connector comprising: a plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts arranged at least partially in unison along a common centerline, wherein at least two of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts each define a mating end portion, the mating end portion is deflected in a first direction transverse to the common centerline by a corresponding blade contact of the mating connector, at least one of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts is connected to the plurality of electrical contacts One of the at least two of the isolated electrical contacts is adjacent and defines a position deflected by a corresponding blade contact of the mating connector in a second direction transverse to the common centerline and opposite to the first direction. corresponding mating ends, and at least one of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts includes two adjacent electrically isolated electrical contacts deflected in opposite directions. The at least two of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts are adjacent to each other, and the at least two of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts are each skewed in the first direction . The at least one of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts includes two adjacent electrically isolated electrical contacts. The at least two of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts include at least three electrically isolated electrical contacts adjacent to each other and each defined at a common center The mating ends of the wires are deflected in a first transverse direction by corresponding blade contacts of the mating connector. The at least one of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts includes three adjacent electrically isolated electrical contacts. The at least two of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts include at least four electrically isolated electrical contacts adjacent to each other and each defined on a common centerline The mating end is deflected in a first transverse direction by a corresponding blade contact of the mating connector. The at least one of the plurality of electrically isolated electrical contacts includes four adjacent electrically isolated electrical contacts.

An electrical connector comprising: an array of electrical contacts, adjacent electrical contacts in the array are arranged in pairs along corresponding centerlines as differential signal pairs, and the differential signal pairs are connected by ground contacts along the corresponding centerlines Spaced apart from each other, wherein the electrical connector has no metal plate and includes more than 82 differential signal pairs per inch of card edge, one of the more than 82 differential signal pairs being a victim differential signal pair , and the differential signal with a rise time of 70 picoseconds among the eight aggressor differential signal pairs (aggressor differential signal pair) closest in distance to the victim differential signal pair produces no more than six percent of the aggressor differential signal pair Worst case multi-source crosstalk. Adjacent electrical contacts defining a differential signal pair are separated by a first distance, and the differential signal pair is separated from the ground contact by a second distance greater than the first distance. The second distance is about 1.5 times, 2 times, or more than 2 times the first distance. Each electrical contact in the array of electrical contacts includes a receptacle mating portion, and the receptacle mating portion in the array of electrical contacts is limited to an imaginary perimeter of about 400 square millimeters or less. Each electrical contact in the array of electrical contacts includes a receptacle compliant portion, and the receptacle compliant portion in the array of electrical contacts is limited to a virtual perimeter of about 400 square millimeters or less. The electrical connector extends no more than 20 millimeters from the mounting surface of the substrate. A spacing is defined between each of the centerlines of the contacts arranged in the first direction. The spacing between each of the centerlines is approximately 1.2 millimeters to 1.8 millimeters.

An electrical connector comprising: a first electrical contact positioned at least partially along a first centerline and a second electrical contact, the first electrical contact being adjacent to the second electrical contact, Wherein the first electrical contact defines a trailing end that jogs in a first direction away from the first centerline, and the second electrical contact defines a trailing end that jogs in a second direction opposite the first direction. and a third electrical contact and a fourth electrical contact positioned at least partially along a second centerline adjacent to the first centerline, the third electrical contact being connected to the fourth The electrical contacts are adjacent, wherein the third electrical contact defines a trailing end traveling in a second direction, and the fourth electrical contact defines a trailing end traveling in a first direction, wherein the first electrical contact defines a trailing end traveling in a first direction. The trailing ends of the first and second electrical contacts are in an orientation that is a mirror image of the trailing ends of the third and fourth electrical contacts. The first and second electrical contacts form a differential signal pair, and the third and fourth electrical contacts form a differential signal pair. The electrical connector also includes a ground contact adjacent to the second electrical contact along the first centerline.

A substrate comprising: a first electrical channel positioned at least partially along a first centerline and a second electrical channel, the first electrical channel adjacent to the second electrical channel, wherein the first an electrical pathway travels in a first direction away from the first centerline, and the second electrical pathway travels in a second direction opposite to the first direction; and at least partially along a a third electrical channel positioned adjacent to a second centerline adjacent to the centerline and a fourth electrical channel, the third electrical channel being adjacent to the fourth electrical channel, wherein the third electrical channel is in the second direction travels, and the fourth electrical pathway travels in a first direction, wherein the first and second electrical pathways are in an orientation that is a mirror image of the third and fourth electrical pathways.

An electrical connector comprising: a differential signal pair including a first electrical contact held in an insulative housing and a second electrical contact held in the housing adjacent to the first signal contact head, wherein (i) the first electrical contact has a first length in a first direction, (ii) the second electrical contact has a second length in a first direction, (iii) the first The length is less than the second length, and (iv) the electrical signal in the second signal contact travels through a second length longer than the first length through which the electrical signal in the first signal contact travels to correct the mating right angle The skew of mating differential signal pairs in a connector.

Description of drawings

Figures 1A and 1B show a vertical header connector and a right angle receptacle connector.

Figure 1C shows a right angle jack housing that accepts a jack insert molded leadframe assembly (IMLA) with six differential signal pairs and associated ground contacts per centerline.

Figure ID shows a vertical header connector with six differential signal pairs and associated ground contacts per centerline.

Figure 2 shows a vertical header connector and a right angle receptacle connector mounted to corresponding substrates.

Figure 3 shows an orthogonal connector footprint and electrical contacts positioned on the orthogonal footprint.

4A and 4B are front and isometric views, respectively, of a right-angle receptacle connector with a receptacle housing.

5A and 5B are front and isometric views, respectively, of a right-angle receptacle connector without a receptacle housing.

6A and 6B are top and side views, respectively, of four differential signal pairs IMLA for a right angle receptacle connector.

7A and 7B are front and isometric views, respectively, of the jack housing.

Figures 8A and 8B show the IMLA received in the jack housing.

9 is a side view of the mating electrical connector shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B .

Figures 10A and 10B show an array of electrical contacts mated with a first embodiment jack IMLA.

11A and 11B show an array of electrical contacts mated with a second embodiment jack IMLA.

Figures 12A and 12B show an array of electrical contacts mated with a third embodiment jack IMLA.

Figures 13A and 13B show an array of electrical contacts mated with a fourth embodiment jack IMLA.

Figure 14 shows the mating right angle receptacle IMLA with the plastic dielectric material removed.

FIG. 15 is a detail view of a portion of the right-angle jack IMLA of FIG. 14 .

Figure 16 shows an end block IMLA and a right angle receptacle IMLA.

Figure 17 shows an array of electrical contacts mated with right angle electrical contacts.

Detailed ways

1A and 1B illustrate a first electrical connector 110 and a second electrical connector 210 . As shown, the first electrical connector 110 may be a vertical header connector. That is, the first electrical connector 110 may define mating and mounting regions parallel to each other. The second electrical connector 210 may be a right angle connector, or some other suitable mating connector that mates with the first electrical connector 110 . That is, the second electrical connector 210 may define mating and mounting areas that are perpendicular to each other. Although the embodiments shown here show vertical header connectors and right angle receptacle connectors, it should be understood that either the first or second electrical connectors 110, 210 can be vertical connectors or right angle connectors. Connector, either of the first or second electrical connector 110, 210 can be a terminal block connector or a socket connector, and both the first and second electrical connector 110, 210 can be a mezzanine connector ).

The first and second electrical connectors 110 and 210 may be unshielded high-speed electrical connectors, that is, the connectors operate at data transfer speeds of 4 Gb/s (Gigabits/s) or higher without metal strings soundboard, and typically between 6.25 and 12.5Gb/sec or more (approximately 80 to 35 picosecond rise times), with acceptable worst-case, multi-source crosstalk. Worst-case, multi-source crosstalk can be determined by the sum of the absolute values of the six or eight aggressor differential signal pairs closest to the victim differential signal pair (Figure 3). Rise time ≈ 0.35/bandwidth, where bandwidth is roughly equal to half the data transfer speed. Each differential signal pair may have a differential impedance of approximately 85 to 100 ohms plus or minus 10%. The differential impedance can be matched to the impedance of a system such as, for example, a printed circuit board or an integrated circuit to which the connector can be attached. Connectors 110 and 210 may have an insertion loss of about -1 dB or as little as about 5 gigahertz operating frequency and about -2 dB or as little as about 10 gigahertz operating frequency.

Referring again to FIGS. 1A and 1B , the first electrical connector 110 may include a header housing 120 carrying electrical contacts 130 . The electrical contact 130 includes a socket mating portion 150 and a socket compliant portion 140 . Each of the end seat mating portions 150 may define a respective first wide face and a respective second wide face opposite the first wide face. The header compliant portion 140 may be a press fit tail, a surface mount tail, or a fusible element such as a solder ball. The electrical contacts 130 may be insert molded prior to being attached to or sewn into the endblock housing 120 . Each of the electrical contacts 130 may have a material thickness approximately equal to its corresponding height, although the height may be greater than the material thickness. For example, the electrical contacts 130 may have a material thickness of approximately 0.1 mm to 0.45 mm and a contact height of approximately 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm. In an edge-coupled configuration along centerline CL1, adjacent electrical contacts 130 defining a differential signal pair may be equally spaced or unevenly spaced from adjacent ground contacts. For example, the interval between the first differential signal contact and the adjacent second differential signal contact may be about 1.2 to 4 times smaller than the interval between the second differential signal contact and the adjacent ground contact. As shown in FIG. 1D, a uniform X-direction centerline spacing CL1, CL2, CL3 of about 1 mm to 2 mm is desired, and a Y-direction centerline spacing CLA, CLB of about 1 mm to 1.5 mm is desired, preferably 1.2mm, 1.3mm or 1.4mm. The spacing between adjacent electrical contacts 130 may correspond to the dielectric material between the electrical contacts 130 . For example, electrical contacts 130 where the dielectric material is air may be spaced closer to each other than electrical contacts where the dielectric material is plastic.

With continued reference to FIGS. 1A and 1B , the second electrical connector 210 includes an insert molded leadframe assembly (IMLA) 220 carried by a receptacle housing 240 . Each IMLA 220 carries electrical contacts, such as right angle electrical contacts 250. Any suitable dielectric material, such as air or plastic, may be used to insulate the right angle electrical contacts 250 from each other. The right angle electrical contact 250 includes a receptacle mating portion 270 and a receptacle compliant portion 260 . The receptacle compliance portion 260 may be similar to the header compliance portion 140 and may include a press fit tail, a surface mount tail, or a fusible element such as a solder ball. The right angle electrical contacts 250 may have a material thickness of approximately 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm and a contact height of approximately 0.1 mm to 0.9 mm. The contact height can be changed over the overall length of the right-angle electrical contact 250 so that the mating end 280 of the right-angle electrical contact 250 has a height of about 0.9 mm, while the adjacent lead portion 255 ( FIG. 14 ) narrows to about 0.2 mm. mm height. Typically, the ratio of the height of the mating end 280 to the height of the lead portion 255 (FIG. 14) may be about 5. The second electrical connector 210 may also include an IMLA organizer 230, which may be electrically isolated or electrically conductive. Conductive IMLA manager 230 may be electrically connected to the conductive portion of IMLA 220 via slot 280 defined in IMLA manager 230 or any other suitable connection.

The first and second electrical connectors 110 , 210 in FIGS. 1A and 1B may include four differential signal pairs positioned edge-to-edge along centerline CL1 and interleaved ground contacts. However, any number of differential signal pairs can extend along centerline CL1. For example, two, three, four, five, six or more differential signal pairs are possible, with or without alternating ground contacts. Differential signal pairs positioned along a centerline adjacent to centerline CL1 may be offset from differential signal pairs positioned along centerline CL2. Referring again to FIG. 1A, when the second electrical connector 210 includes an IMLA 220 having 18 right-angle electrical contacts 250, the second electrical contacts 210 have a depth D of less than 46 millimeters, preferably about 35 millimeters.

FIG. 1C shows a jack housing 240A configured to receive twelve IMLAs 220 (FIGS. 6A, 6B), each having six IMLAs positioned edge-to-edge along a common respective centerline CL1, CL2, CL3. differential pair and alternating ground contacts. Each IMLA has approximately eighteen right-angle electrical contacts, six of which are positioned individually/alternately between differential signal pairs dedicated to ground. In this embodiment, the differential signal pairs and alternating ground contacts of each IMLA extend in the Y direction along respective centerlines CL1 , CL2 , CL3 , etc. and the centerlines CL1 , CL2 , CL3 are spaced apart in the X direction. The receptacle mating area is defined by the overall receptacle mating portion 270 ( FIG. 1A ), which occupies an X by Y area when the IMLA is attached to the receptacle endblock 240A. The centerline spacing between differential pairs on centerlines CL1 , CL2 , CL3 may be about 1 mm to 4 mm, preferably 1.5 mm or 1.8 mm centerline spacing.

Continuing to refer to FIG. 1C, the receptacle mating area of the second electrical connector 210 configured with 12 IMLAs 220 is a length in the X direction of about 20 mm to 25 mm by a length in the Y direction of about 20 mm to 27 mm, Each IMLA 220 includes six differential pairs positioned edge-to-edge and alternating ground contacts. For example, the 20 mm by 20 mm jack mating area of this embodiment includes approximately 216 individual jack mating portions that can be paired into approximately 72 differential signal pairs. The number of differential signal pairs per inch of card edge measured in the X direction is such that it can be approximately 84 to 85 (more than 82 ), and may be about 101 to 102 when the differential signal pairs are on the centerlines CL1, CL2, CL3 of 1.5 mm. The height or Y-direction length and depth D (FIG. 1A) preferably remain constant regardless of the increase or omission of the centerline spacing or the total number of IMLAs.

FIG. 1D shows a first electrical connector 110A having electrical contacts 130 arranged with six differential signal pairs S+, S− and alternating ground contacts G per centerline CL1 , CL2 , CL3 . The first electrical connector 110A is capable of mating with the receptacle housing 240A shown in FIG. 1C .

As shown in FIG. 2 , the terminal mating area of the first electrical connector 110 is defined by and includes an imaginary square or rectangular perimeter P1 transversely intersecting the electrical contacts 1 , 2 , 3 , 4. An end seat fitting 150 . Although four centerlines CL1, CL2, CL3, CL4 of 12 contacts are shown in Figure 2, for a total of four differential signal pairs and four alternating ground contacts per centerline, the header mating area can The total area is expanded by adding more electrical contacts centerline or more electrical contacts 130 in the Y direction. For four differential signal pairs per centerline and alternating ground contacts, the number of differential signal pairs per inch of card edge or X-direction is approximately 56 at 1.8mm centerline spacing and 1.5mm centerline spacing for about 68 pcs. The card pitch between daughter cards sequentially stacked on the backplane or midplane is less than 25mm, and preferably about 18mm or less. For 5 differential signal pairs per centerline and alternating ground contacts, the number of differential signal pairs per inch of card edge X is approximately 71 differential signal pairs at 1.8 mm centerline spacing and at 1.5 mm centerline spacing for about 85 pairs. The card spacing is less than 25 mm, and preferably about 21 mm. With 6 differential signal pairs per centerline and alternating ground contacts, the number of differential signal pairs per inch is the same as discussed above. The card pitch is less than 35mm, and preferably about 25mm or less. Electrical connectors with three differential signal pairs and alternating ground contacts per centerline mate within a 15 mm card pitch.

Typically, card spacing increases by about 3mm for each differential signal pair and adjacent ground contact added along the corresponding centerline in the Y direction, and decreases by approximately the same when the differential signal pair and adjacent ground contact are omitted quantity. For each differential signal pair added to or omitted from the centerline, there is an increase of approximately 14 to 17 differential signal pairs per inch of the card edge, assuming the centerline spacing and number of centerlines remains constant.

With continued reference to FIG. 2 , the receptacle footprint of the second electrical connector 210 is defined by an imaginary square or rectangular perimeter P2 that passes through the receptacle compliant tails 5 , 6 , 7 and 8 and bounds the receptacle compliant portion 260 . within the P2 perimeter. The jack footprint of the second electrical connector is preferably approximately 20 millimeters by 20 millimeters for six differential signal pair connectors. The non-orthogonal header footprint area of the mating 6 pairs of first electrical connectors 110 is also preferably approximately 20 millimeters by 20 millimeters. As shown in FIG. 2 , a first electrical connector 110 may be mounted to a first substrate 105 , such as a backplane or midplane. A second electrical connector 210 may be mounted to a second substrate 205, such as a daughter card.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a connector and corresponding channel footprint, such as the first electrical connector 110A ( FIG. 1D ) mounted on the first substrate 105 . End block housing 120 is hidden in FIG. 3 for clarity. The first electrical connector 110A includes the electrical contacts 130 arranged along the centerline as described above, and each header-compliant portion 140 may include a corresponding tail portion 265 . However, both the header-compliant portion 140 and the corresponding footprint on the first substrate 105 arrange a shared channel for orthogonal mounting through the first substrate 105, such as a backplane or midplane. The tail portion 265 of the differential signal pair 275 and the corresponding substrate channel may travel in opposite directions relative to each other. That is, one tail portion and lane of the differential signal pair 275 travels in the X direction, and a second tail portion and lane of the second contact of the differential signal pair 275 may travel in the X direction. The ground contact G adjacent to the differential signal pair may or may not travel relative to the centerline CL1.

More specifically, tail portion 265 of differential signal pair 275 positioned along centerline CL1 may have a tail and corresponding lane orientation that is identical to the tail and tail portion 265 of differential signal pair 285 positioned along adjacent centerline CL2. The orientation of the corresponding channel is opposite. Thus, the tail portion 265 and corresponding channel of the first contact of the first differential signal pair 275 positioned along the first centerline CL1 may travel in the X direction. The tail portions 265 and corresponding lanes of the respective first contacts of the second differential signal pair 285 on the second centerline CL2 may travel in the X direction. Also, the tail portions 265 and corresponding channels of the second contacts of the first differential signal pair 275 positioned along the first centerline CL1 may travel in the X direction, and the tail portions 265 of the second differential signal pair 285 on the second centerline The tail portion 265 and corresponding channel of the second contact may travel in the X direction. Thus, tail portions 265 and corresponding channels positioned along first centerline CL1 can travel in a pattern opposite to that of tail portions 265 and corresponding channels of terminal ends of contacts positioned along centerline CL2. This pattern can be repeated for the remaining centerlines.

The substrate channel footprint and corresponding first electrical connector 110A shown in FIG. 3 provide at least six differential signal pairs 275 , 285 for positioning along each of the eleven centerlines CL1 , CL2 , CL3 , and so on. Each of the aforementioned centerlines may additionally include a corresponding ground contact/channel G disposed between the signal pairs of the centerline. The substrate may define a centerline spacing Pc between adjacent centerlines CL1, CL2. The centerline pitch Pc of the substrate may be, for example, 1.5 times the spacing of the channels or electrical contacts 130 within the corresponding centerline. The first electrical connector 110 and the channel preferably have a square or rectangular footprint defined by an imaginary perimeter P3 that passes through 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D and bounds the endblock compliant portion 140 or internal channel. Differential signal pair A can be a possible aggressor pair, and differential signal pair V can be a possible victim differential signal pair.

4A and 4B are front views of the second electrical connector 210 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B .

5A and 5B are front and isometric views, respectively, of the second electrical connector 210 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B without the receptacle housing 240 . As best seen without the receptacle housing 240 , the receptacle mating portion 270 of the right angle electrical contact 250 may define a lead portion 290 and a mating end portion 280 . The mating end 280 may be offset from the centerline CL1 to fully receive the corresponding end mating portion 150 of the electrical contact 130 . That is, each fitting end portion 280 may be offset in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the centerline CL1. The staggered mating ends 280 may be offset in a staggered direction. That is, the mating end 280 of a first right-angle electrical contact 250 may be offset from the centerline CL1 in a first direction perpendicular to the centerline CL1, and adjacent right-angle electrical contacts 250 positioned along the same centerline CL1 The mating end portion 280 may be offset from the centerline CL1 in a second direction opposite to the first direction. The mating end portion 280 may be bent toward the centerline CL1. Thus, the mating end 280 of the right-angle electrical contact 250 can be adapted to engage the blade-shaped endblock mating portion 150 ( FIG. 1 ) of the first electrical contact 130 from the first electrical connector 110 , as described above. These can be aligned along a centerline that coincides with the centerline CL1 shown in FIG. 5A.

6A and 6B are top and side views, respectively, of IMLA 220. As shown in FIG. 6B , each lead frame 250 may define a lead portion 255 ( FIG. 14 ) extending between a receptacle-mating portion 270 and a receptacle-compliant portion 260 . Right angle electrical contacts 250 may define one or more angles. Theoretically, the variation in length of the right-angle electrical contacts 250 forming the differential signal pair 295 should be 2 millimeters or less so that the signal skew is less than 10 picoseconds. The IMLA 220 may also include a corresponding tab 330 that may be defined in a recess 340 in the plastic dielectric material 301 or otherwise exposed. For example, dielectric material 310 may have a corresponding top surface 350 . A recess 340 may be defined in the top surface 350 of the dielectric material 310 such that the tab 330 is exposed in the recess 340 .

As shown in FIG. 6B , dielectric material 310 may include one or more protrusions 320 . Each protrusion 320 may be an optional keyed feature that extends from dielectric material 310 in the direction that IMLA 220 is received in cavity 380 ( FIG. 7B ) of receptacle housing 240 ( FIG. 7B ). It should be appreciated that the IMLA 220 can have a cavity that accepts a protrusion similar to the protrusion 320 extending from the receptacle housing 240 to minimize relative movement perpendicular to the mating direction.

7A and 7B are front and isometric views, respectively, of jack housing 240 . As shown in FIG. 7A , jack housing 240 may define one or more mating windows 360 , one or more mating cavities 370 , and one or more cavities 380 . The receptacle housing 240 may further include a wall 390 that separates adjacent right-angle electrical contacts 350 ( FIG. 1A ) along the centerline to prevent shorting. Each mating window 360 can receive the blade-shaped end mating portion of the corresponding first electrical contact 130 from the first electrical connector 110 when the first electrical connector 110 and the second electrical connector 210 are mated as shown in FIG. 8A 150.

Referring again to FIGS. 8A and 8B , a receptacle mating portion 270 ( FIG. 1A ) from a corresponding right-angle electrical contact 250 of the second electrical connector 210 can extend into each of the mating cavities 370 and can be preloaded with offset mating ends. Section 280. The mating cavities 370 may be offset from each other to accommodate the offset mating ends 280 of the right angle electrical contacts 250 . Each of cavities 380 may receive a corresponding protrusion 320 (FIG. 6B). The receptacle housing 240 may include a latch 400 to secure the IMLA 220 (shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B ) into the receptacle housing 240.

A plurality of IMLAs 220 may be arranged in the jack housing 240 such that each IMLA 220 is adjacent to another IMLA 220 on at least one side. For example, the mating portion 270 of the right angle electrical contact 250 can be received in the mating cavity 370 . The IMLA 220 is receivable in the mating cavity 370 until each corresponding protrusion 320 is inserted into a corresponding cavity 380. The IMLA manager 230 (FIG. 9) can then be assembled to the IMLA 220 to complete the assembly of the second electrical connector 210.

9 is a side view of the mated first and second electrical connectors 110, 210 shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B. As shown, each of the corresponding slots 280 that may be defined in the curved portion 410 of the IMLA manager 230 may receive a corresponding tab 330 from the recess 340 in the IMLA 220. For example, each of tabs 330 may define a first side and a second side opposite the first side.

10A-15B illustrate the first electrical contact 130 mating and the array of receptacle mating portions 270 of the right angle electrical contacts 250 . Each of the blade-shaped endblock mating portions 150 of the first electrical contacts 130 from the first electrical connector 110 ( FIG. 1A ) can mate with a corresponding one of the right-angle electrical contacts 250IMLA 220 from the second electrical connector 210 ( FIG. 1A ). The mating ends 280 are mated. Each of the mating ends 280 may contact a corresponding endblock mating portion 150 at at least one location, and preferably at least two locations.

As shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B , the first wide face of the blade-shaped endblock mounting portion 150 of the first electrical contact 130 may define a first plane in the centerline direction CLD. The second wide face of the blade-shaped mounting portion 150 of the first electrical contact 130 may define a second plane that may be offset from and parallel to the first plane. Some of the mating ends 280 of the receptacle mating portions 270 may physically contact the first wide face of the corresponding blade-shaped end block mating portion 150 but not the second wide face of the same blade-shaped end block mating portion 150 . The other mating end portion 280 may physically contact the second wide face of the corresponding endblock mating portion 150 rather than the opposite first wide face. Thus, a more balanced net force may be generated when the first and second electrical connectors 110, 210 mate.

Figures 11A and 11B are similar to Figures 10A and 10B. The IMLA 220A carries right angle electrical contacts 250. However, in this embodiment, two adjacent mating end portions 280 contact the first wide faces of two adjacent end seat mating portions 150, and two other adjacent mating end portions 280 contact two other adjacent mating end portions 150. It is adjacent to the corresponding second wide surface of the matching portion 150 at the end.

Figures 12A and 12B are similar to Figures 10A and 10B. The IMLA 220B carries right angle electrical contacts 250 . However, in this embodiment, three adjacent mating end portions 280 contact respective first wide faces of three adjacent end seat mating portions 150, and three additional adjacent mating end portions 280 contact three additional The corresponding second wide surface of the adjacent end seat fitting portion 150 .

Figures 13A and 13B are similar to Figures 10A and 10B. The IMLA 220C carries right angle electrical contacts 250 . However, in this embodiment, four adjacent mating end portions 280 contact respective first wide faces of four adjacent end seat mating portions 150, and four additional adjacent mating end portions 280 contact four additional The corresponding second wide surface of the adjacent end seat fitting portion 150 .

It should be appreciated that while the embodiment of FIGS. 10A to 13B shows adjacent mating ends physically contacting opposite broad faces of respective end mating portions 150 , end seat mating portions 150 .

Figure 14 shows a plurality of right angle electrical contacts 250 with the plastic dielectric material removed for clarity. The right-angle electrical contacts 250 may include a plurality of differential signal pairs 420 and one or more conductive ground contacts 450 . Each right-angle electrical contact 250 may define a lead portion 255 extending between a receptacle-mating portion 270 and a receptacle-compliant portion 260 . Where second electrical connector 210 is a right angle connector, lead portion 255 may define one or more angles. Each lead portion 255 may have a corresponding length L-r. The right angle electrical contacts 250, as shown, can have different lengths, which can cause distortion (skew) of the signal. Theoretically, the variation in length L-r of the right angle electrical contacts 250 forming the differential signal pair 420 should be about 1 mm or less so that the signal skew is less than 10 picoseconds.

Portion 460 is shown in more detail in FIG. 15 . FIG. 15 is a detailed view of the differential signal pair 420 and ground contact 450 shown in FIG. 14 . As shown in FIG. 15 , each of the differential signal pairs 420 may include a first signal contact 430 and a second signal contact 440 . The first and second signal contacts 430 , 440 may be spaced apart a distance D1 such that the first and second signal contacts 430 , 440 are closely electrically coupled to each other. The gap in the plastic between the first signal contact 430 and the second signal contact 440 may be approximately 0.2 to 0.8 mm depending on the height of the contacts and the material thickness. A gap of about 0.25 mm to 0.4 mm is preferred. In air, the gap can be even smaller. Adjacent ground contacts 450 may be spaced apart from the differential signal pair by a distance D2 within IMLA 220 . The distance D2 may be approximately 1.5 to 4 times the distance D1. The distance D2 in the plastic between the second signal contact 440 and the ground contact 450 may be about 0.3 to 0.8 mm. A distance D2 of about 0.4 mm is preferred. In air, this value can be smaller. As discussed above, the height or width of the first signal contact 430 and the second signal contact 440 may be approximately equal to the material thickness, although it may also be greater than the material thickness. For example, the height may vary between approximately 0.1 millimeters and 0.9 millimeters.

The ground contacts 450 may be similar in size to the first and second signal contacts 430, 440 to optimize the spacing between the signal contacts and the ground contacts, thereby creating an electrical connector with a differential The signal pair density is greater than 82 differential signal pairs per inch at the card edge, the stacked card pitch is less than approximately 35 mm or 31 mm (preferably approximately 25 mm), and the backplane-to-rear connector length is less than approximately 37 mm (preferably about 35mm). Additionally, a second connector with right-angle electrical contacts and over 82 differential signal pairs per inch of card edge and associated alternating ground contacts 450 rises less than 20 millimeters from the daughtercard mounting surface and occupies only about 400 square millimeters of sub-card space. card surface area.

FIG. 16 shows that the electrical contacts 130 of the first electrical connector 110 may have an insert molded housing 480 adjacent to the endblock mating portion 150 . The insert molded housing 480 can hold electrical contacts 130 of varying electrical and physical lengths.

FIG. 17 shows the array of electrical contacts 130 and IMLA 220 of FIG. 16 without the insert molded housing 480 . The electrical contacts 130 may define a respective header lead portion 135 between each header compliant portion 140 and each header mating portion 150 . The length of the header lead portion 135 of adjacent contacts may vary. For example, a first electrical contact 470 may include a header lead portion 135 having a first physical and electrical length L1, and a second electrical contact 480 adjacent to the first electrical contact 470 may include a terminal lead portion 135 having a second physical length L1. and terminal block lead portion 135 of electrical length L2. In example embodiments, the first length L1 may be smaller than the second length L2 to correct distortion (skew) in the third and fourth electrical contacts 490 and 500 .

For example, the third electrical contact 490 may have a third physical and electrical length L3, and the fourth electrical contact 500 adjacent to the third electrical contact 490 may have a fourth physical and electrical length. In example embodiments, the fourth physical and electrical length may be smaller than the third length. The third electrical contact 490 can cooperate with the first electrical contact 470, and the fourth electrical contact 500 can cooperate with the second electrical contact 480 such that the sum of the first physical and electrical length and the third physical and electrical length It may be approximately equal to the sum of the second physical and electrical length and the fourth physical and electrical length. That is, the total electrical length between two contacts in a differential signal pair can be corrected for twist (skew).

Claims (7)

1. An electrical connector comprising: an array of electrical contacts, adjacent electrical contacts in the array are arranged in pairs along respective centerlines as differential signal pairs separated from each other by ground contacts along respective centerlines, An electrical connector without metal plates wherein said respective centerlines are spaced approximately 1.5 millimeters or 1.8 millimeters apart such that the electrical connector includes more than 82 differential signal pairs per inch of card edge, said more than 82 differential signal pairs being One of which is a victim differential signal pair, and adjacent electrical contacts defining each differential signal pair are separated by a first distance, and each differential signal pair is separated by a corresponding ground contact by a second distance so that in the distance A differential signal having a rise time of 70 ps among the 8 aggressor differential signal pairs closest to the victim differential signal pair produces no more than six percent worst case multi-source crosstalk on the victim differential signal pair. 2. The electrical connector of claim 1, wherein the second distance is greater than the first distance. 3. The electrical connector of claim 2, wherein the second distance is 1.5 times the first distance. 4. The electrical connector of claim 2, wherein the second distance is twice the first distance. 5. The electrical connector of claim 2, wherein the second distance is more than twice the first distance. 6. The electrical connector of claim 4, wherein each electrical contact in the array of electrical contacts includes a receptacle mating portion, and the receptacle mating portion in the array of electrical contacts is limited to 400 square millimeters or less within a small virtual perimeter. 7. The electrical connector of claim 4, wherein the electrical connector extends no more than 20 millimeters from the mounting surface of the substrate.

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