CN101603511A - A vertical wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of vertical wind power generator, comprise king-post, one or more generator units, blade more than two, excitation controlling device, rotary rectification device, bi-directional frequency converter, first, second, third, fourth, the 5th, the 6th, the 7th, the 8th, the 9th flange, first, second, third bearing, cooling system, hoist and elevating system; Generator unit comprises support, generator and exciter; Support comprises support arm and inner support, and generator comprises stator and rotor, and exciter comprises exciter stator and exciter rotor; Utilize structure of the present invention, can reduce the manufacture cost of vertical wind power generator; Starter-generator fast; Can adjust the power of wind-driven generator automatically, and improve utilization ratio of wind energy; The cooling effect that can play generator prolongs working life of generator; Be convenient to maintenance, reduce maintenance cost and engineering time.

Description

A vertical wind turbine

technical field

The invention relates to a vertical wind power generator.

Background technique

Now, the resources of non-renewable energy are less and less, and even some energy has been exhausted. Therefore, such energy as wave energy, combustible ice, coal bed methane, and microorganisms will become new energy widely used by human beings, and wind energy, a regenerative type Energy has been used in many regions and equipment, and its technology has gradually matured. Modern wind turbines mainly include horizontal axis wind turbines and vertical axis wind turbines. The vertical-axis type is different from the horizontal-axis type. In the vertical-axis wind turbine, the rotating shaft is installed on the vertical axis and is perpendicular to the ground. The vertical-axis wind turbine is not affected by the wind direction when it is working, so when the wind direction changes, there is no need to Adjustment.

Among them, the Darrieus turbine is a type of vertical wind power generator, which includes a vertical shaft, a top rotor center at the top of the shaft, blades, a bottom rotor center at the bottom of the shaft, a gearbox connected to the shaft, and a Generator composition. The upper end of the blade is connected to the center of the top rotor, and the lower end of the blade is connected to the center of the bottom. After the blade rotates, it drives the vertical shaft to rotate. After the shaft passes through the gearbox at the bottom, the power is transmitted to the generator, so that the generator generates electricity. Due to the huge size of this kind of wind turbine, the rotating shaft is generally relatively high. In order to strengthen its stability, the cable is pulled from the top of the rotating shaft to the bottom surface. Although the rotating shaft has been strengthened, the occupied area is relatively large, which is not conducive to the effective use of land; in addition, In the wind power generation process, the power transmission chain is too long, and the energy loss in the power transmission process is very large, which is not conducive to the effective use of energy; moreover, the power generation device includes multiple sets of components such as gearboxes, generators, and drive shafts The power generation can only be completed, and the structure is relatively complicated. Once the power generation device fails, it is very difficult to overhaul and repair. It is often necessary to build a tower crane next to the generator to lift large parts. Such maintenance is costly and takes a long time. Direct affect the efficiency of wind turbines.

In a vertical wind power generator with application number 200910038122.9 of the applicant, it includes a tower column, a generator and more than two blades, and more than one power generation device is arranged on the tower column; the power generation device is arranged on the tower column The first lower flange and the first upper flange, the first bearing seat, the first bearing, the first generator, the generator center column, the second bearing, the second bearing seat, and the second lower flange Composed of the second upper flange; the first lower flange is fixed to the tower column, the first upper flange is located on the first lower flange and is fixedly connected with the first lower flange, the first bearing seat Fixed on the first upper flange, the first bearing is composed of the first outer ring, the first steel ball group and the first inner ring, the first inner ring is fixed on the first bearing seat, the first outer ring and the first steel ball The group can rotate around the first inner ring; the first generator includes a first inner stator and a first outer rotor, the first inner stator is located on the first inner ring, the first outer rotor is located on the first outer ring and is connected to the first outer ring ring fixed connection; generator center column is fixedly connected with the first inner stator; the generator center column above the second bearing, the second bearing housing, the second lower flange and the second upper flange, the second upper The flange is fixed to the tower, the second lower flange is located below the second upper flange and is fixedly connected to the second upper flange, and the second bearing seat is located below the second lower flange and is connected to the second The lower flange is fixedly connected, the second bearing is composed of the second outer ring, the second steel ball group and the second inner ring, the second inner ring is located under the second bearing seat and is fixedly connected with the second bearing seat, the second outer ring and the second steel ball group can rotate around the second inner ring; the upper end of the blade is fixedly connected with the second outer ring, and the lower end of the blade is fixedly connected with the first outer ring. This kind of invention has a simple and safe structure, less floor space, low cost, and a high utilization rate of wind energy; however, the requirements for the bearing are relatively high, and the size of the outer ring of the bearing needs to be equivalent to the outer rotor of the generator. The larger the diameter of the bearing, the larger the production cost of the large bearing. A bearing with a diameter of 5 meters costs about 300,000-400,000, while a bearing with a diameter of 3 meters needs more than a hundred thousand. On the other hand, large bearings are also Not easy to assemble.

In wind turbines, the high or low utilization rate of wind energy mainly depends on the structure and structure of the blades; at present, the blades of vertical wind turbines have various shapes, such as fan-shaped structure, sail-shaped structure, φ-shaped structure, etc. In these structures Among them, the φ-shaped structure has the highest utilization rate of wind energy, but because the change of wind speed and wind force is impermanent, the size of the windward side of the blade cannot be controlled. Therefore, it is difficult to prevent the vertical wind turbine from failing or even damaged.

Generators will generate heat when they are working, especially for high-power generators. If the generator is not cooled, it will cause the generator to be burned and reduce the service life of the generator. At present, the cooling method used is generally water cooling or installing a fan at one end of the generator. If water cooling is used, many waterways need to be arranged, the structure is complicated, and it is difficult to meet the requirements of waterway sealing, which will cause damage to the insulation of the motor and affect the service life of the motor; in Chinese Patent No. 200520032333.9, an external rotor type energy-saving wind power generator is disclosed , including an outer rotor, a stator, a fixed shaft and a bearing. The stator is fixed on the fixed shaft. The outer rotor is fixed on the bearing by a magnet mounted on the shell and the inner wall through the upper and lower end covers. There are cooling holes at both ends of the shell. In this structure, since part of the heat of the generator is dissipated through the heat dissipation holes, there is no heat exchange in the entire structure, so the heat dissipation effect is poor.

With the further research on wind power generators, it is found that when the wind power generator is working, the blades are subjected to a large wind force, therefore, the blades are required to have a greater bearing capacity. There is a vertical wind power generator that includes more than one generator unit; The generator unit includes a column, a generator and more than two blades; the generator includes a stator and a rotor, the stator is arranged on the column, and the rotor is arranged outside the stator; the lower end of the rotor is provided with a first and connected with the rotor; the lower end of the first flange on the column is provided with a first bearing, and the outer ring of the first bearing is connected with the first flange; the upper end of the rotor is provided with a second flange, and the second method The flange is connected with the rotor; the upper end of the second flange on the column is provided with a second bearing, and the outer ring of the second bearing is connected with the second flange; a third bearing is provided above the second bearing on the column, so The upper end of the blade is connected with the outer ring of the third bearing, and the lower end of the blade is connected with the outer ring of the second bearing. In the vertical wind generator with this structure, the movement of the blades drives the rotor to rotate through the second bearing and the second flange, and the torque of the rotor is provided by the blades, and mainly by the lower ends of the blades; since the lower ends of the blades are connected to load generators , when the vertical wind generator works, the deformation of the lower end of the blade is small, and the deformation of the upper end of the blade is large, so that the stresses on the upper end and the lower end of the blade are different, so the blade is easy to damage.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vertical wind power generator. Using the structure of the present invention, the manufacturing cost of the vertical wind power generator can be reduced; when the generator is difficult to start, the generator can be started quickly; the windward surface of the blade can be adjusted. size, in order to automatically adjust the power of the wind turbine, prevent the failure of the wind turbine caused by excessive wind speed, and improve the utilization rate of wind energy; it can have a good cooling effect on the generator, improve the stability of the generator, and prolong the power generation. The service life of the generator; it is easy to maintain, reduce the maintenance cost and maintenance time, and facilitate the detection of the generator.

To achieve the above purpose, a vertical wind power generator includes a tower, more than one generator unit and more than two blades; the central axis of the tower is perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

The generator unit includes a bracket, a generator and an exciter; the bracket includes an outer bracket and an inner bracket; the generator includes a stator and a rotor, the stator is fixedly sleeved on the tower column, and the rotor is arranged outside the stator , and fixed on the inner bracket, the stator is provided with generator stator windings, and the rotor is provided with generator rotor windings.

The exciter includes an exciter stator and an exciter rotor, the exciter stator is fixedly sleeved on the tower column, the exciter rotor is arranged outside the exciter stator, and is fixed on the inner bracket, and the exciter stator is provided with An exciter stator winding is provided, and an exciter rotor is provided with an exciter rotor winding.

The support is provided with an excitation control device and a rotating rectification device, the stator winding of the generator is connected with the stator winding of the exciter through the excitation control device, and the rotor winding of the generator is connected with the rotor winding of the exciter through the rotating rectification device; the generator The stator winding is connected with a bidirectional frequency converter; the other end of the bidirectional frequency converter is connected with a power grid and connected with an excitation control device.

The lower end of the bracket is provided with a first flange with different cross-sections at the upper and lower ends, the lower end of the first flange is provided with a first bearing, the outer ring of the first bearing is connected with the small end of the first flange, and the first bearing The inner ring of the inner ring is fixedly sleeved on the tower column, and the large end of the first flange is connected with the lower end of the bracket; the upper end of the bracket is provided with a second flange with different cross-sections at the upper and lower ends, and the upper end of the second flange There is a second bearing, the outer ring of the second bearing is connected with the small end of the second flange, the inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly sleeved on the tower, and the big end of the second flange is connected with the upper end of the bracket ; A third bearing is provided above the second bearing, and the inner ring of the third bearing is fixedly sleeved on the tower column.

The blade includes more than one blade unit, the cross-section of the blade unit is olive-shaped with a large middle and small ends, and one of the two small ends is arc-shaped, and the other end is a tip; the blade unit includes a skeleton and the blade body, the blade body is installed on the skeleton, in the radial direction of the blade unit, one end of the blade body is provided with a first blade tip, and the other end of the blade body is provided with a second blade tip, and the tail of the first blade tip is The arc shape of the blade unit, the tail of the second blade tip is the tip of the blade unit, the head of the first blade tip extends into the blade body, and the head of the second blade tip extends into the blade body; the skeleton A first moving device that drives the first blade tip to move along the radial direction of the blade unit is provided between the first blade tip and a device that drives the second blade tip to move along the radial direction of the blade unit between the skeleton and the second blade tip. The second moving device: a first guide rail set is provided between the first blade tip and the blade body, a second guide rail group is provided between the second blade tip and the blade body, and the blade units are arc-shaped after being connected ; The upper end of the blade is connected with the outer ring of the third bearing, and the lower end of the blade is connected with the outer ring of the second bearing.

The generator unit is provided with a cooling system, and the cooling system includes fan blades, a cooler, a sealing disc and a fan; a bracket air duct is provided between the outer bracket and the inner bracket; the stator, rotor 1. The exciter stator and the exciter rotor are provided with an air duct; the lower end of the inner bracket is provided with an air outlet, and the upper end of the inner bracket is provided with an air inlet; the air duct of the bracket communicates with the air outlet and the air inlet; The fan blades are arranged obliquely on the outer wall of the outer bracket; the sealing disk is arranged on the tower column and is located in the upper end of the inner bracket; the fan is arranged on the sealing disk, and the cooler is arranged above the fan.

A crane is arranged on the top of the tower.

The tower is a hollow tower, and a lifting system is arranged inside the tower.

Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned structure only relies on the tower to support the generator unit and the blades, so that the entire vertical wind power generator occupies less ground area; Transmission energy, the blades designed in the present invention, the outer ring of the bearing and the outer rotor of the generator are mutually fixed into an integral structure, so that the generator rotor is equivalent to a part of the blade, and the speed of the blade is the speed of the generator rotor, which greatly reduces the The loss of energy in the transmission process improves the utilization rate of wind energy; compared with the existing tower-type vertical wind power generator, the invention supports the generator unit and blades by the hollow tower column, which not only ensures the stability of the wind power generator, It also reduces the amount of steel used, and the invention effectively simplifies the transmission mechanism of the wind power generator, greatly reducing the production cost of the vertical wind power generator and the cost of wind power.

Setting the exciter can adjust the excitation current according to the change of the generator load to maintain the voltage in the generator at a constant value; it can improve the static stability of the parallel operation of the generators; improve the transient stability of the parallel operation of the generators; when When a fault occurs inside the generator, de-excitation is performed to reduce the degree of fault loss; the maximum excitation limit and the minimum excitation limit of the generator can be implemented according to the operation requirements.

The first flange and the second flange are set to have different cross-sections at the upper and lower ends, and the small end of the first flange is connected to the outer ring of the first bearing, and the small end of the second flange is connected to the outer ring of the second bearing. In this way, the size of the bearing can be reduced, and marked bearings can be purchased in the market, thus reducing the manufacturing cost of the vertical wind turbine and facilitating installation.

Since the first moving device is provided between the first blade tip and the frame, the second moving device is provided between the second blade tip and the frame, and the first guide rail group is provided between the first blade tip and the blade body, There is a second guide rail set between the second blade tip and the blade body. Therefore, the blade can adjust the size of the windward side according to the wind force. In this way, the power of the wind generator can be automatically adjusted to prevent the vertical wind force caused by excessive wind speed. Failure of the generator; since the cross section of the blade unit is olive-shaped with a large middle and small ends, and one of the two small ends is arc-shaped, and the other end is a tip, the blade units are arc-shaped after being connected, therefore, The blades of this structure have a high utilization rate of wind energy.

When the cooling system with the above structure is in operation, the fan works to form an air flow, and the cold air passes through the exciter rotor, the exciter stator, the air duct of the rotor and the stator, and plays the role of cooling the exciter and the generator. At this time, the cold air becomes hot air. The air outlet enters the air duct of the bracket, where heat exchange is performed with the outside air through the outer wall of the outer bracket, and the hot air becomes cold air, and then the air flows into the cooler through the air inlet, where further cooling is performed, and then flows into the wind turbine through the fan In the inner cavity, an inner circulation is formed. Outside the outer bracket, since the fan blades are installed on the outer wall of the outer bracket obliquely, when the bracket rotates, the fan blades also rotate together. At this time, a wind pressure difference is formed on the fan blades, making the approach The outside air of the generator forms a wind flow from high pressure to low pressure, that is, forms an external circulation, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the wind flow in the internal circulation and the outside world, thus improving the cooling effect on the generator, and the structure is simple.

Set up a crane, maintenance personnel and inspection personnel can work on the crane, avoiding the need for large-scale equipment to repair and inspect the wind turbine on site, greatly reducing maintenance costs and saving maintenance time.

Since the tower column of the present invention is hollow, and a lifting mechanism is provided inside the tower column, the maintenance and detection of the vertical wind power generator becomes simple and safe.

As an improvement, a third flange is provided above the second flange on the pylon, and the third flange is connected to the second flange; a fourth flange is provided above the third flange on the pylon, The fourth flange is connected to the outer ring of the third bearing; a connecting piece for transmitting torque is provided between the third flange and the fourth flange, and the upper end of the connecting piece is connected to the fourth flange. connection, the lower end of the connector is connected to the third flange; the upper end of the blade is connected to the fourth flange, and the lower end of the blade is connected to the third flange.

In the vertical wind power generator with the above structure, since the third flange and the fourth flange are provided, a connecting piece for transmitting torque is set between the third flange and the fourth flange, and the upper end of the connecting piece is connected to the fourth flange. The flange is connected, and the lower end of the connecting piece is connected with the third flange. In this way, the torque of the generator rotor is not only transmitted from the lower end of the blade, but also from the connecting piece, and the torque of the connecting piece is mainly determined by the blade. The motion is transmitted to the connector through the upper end of the blade, so when the vertical generator is working, the force on the upper and lower ends of the blade is balanced, making the blade less likely to be twisted and damaged due to deformation, and improving the stability of the blade and the vertical wind generator. service life.

As a specific example, the connecting piece is a hollow tube, which is sheathed outside the column, the upper end of the hollow tube is connected to the fourth flange, and the lower end of the hollow tube is connected to the third flange. The hollow tube is used as the connecting part, which has a simple structure and is convenient to manufacture; and when the hollow tube rotates together with the third flange and the fourth flange, no rotational resistance will be formed at the hollow tube to affect the power of the wind generator.

As an improvement, the connecting piece includes more than two connecting rods, the upper ends of the connecting rods are connected to the fourth flange, the lower ends of the connecting rods are connected to the third flange, and the connecting rods are arranged on the tower Outside the column and on the circumference concentric with the cross-section of the tower; the connecting rod is provided with reinforcing ribs along the direction of the cross-section of the tower. With this structure, the structure is simple, and the weight of the vertical wind power generator can be reduced. The provision of stiffeners enhances the strength of the connection made up of the connecting rods.

As an improvement, the lower end surface of the stator is provided with a stator bracket, and the stator bracket is fixedly sleeved on the tower column; the lower end surface of the exciter stator is provided with an exciter stator bracket, and the exciter stator bracket is fixed Set on the tower column; the first bearing bracket is provided on the lower end surface of the first bearing inner ring, and the first bearing bracket is fixedly sleeved on the tower column; the lower end surface of the second bearing inner ring A second bearing bracket is provided, and the second bearing bracket is fixedly set on the tower column; the third bearing inner ring is provided with a third bearing bracket on the lower end surface of the third bearing, and the third bearing bracket is fixedly set on the tower column. column.

Setting the stator bracket can improve the position accuracy and firmness of the generator stator installed on the tower; setting the exciter stator bracket can improve the position accuracy and firmness of the exciter stator installed on the tower; setting the first The bearing bracket improves the accuracy and firmness of the installation position of the first bearing on the tower column; setting the second bearing bracket improves the accuracy and firmness of the installation position of the second bearing on the tower column; setting the third bearing bracket The seat improves the accuracy and firmness of the installation position of the third bearing on the tower column.

As an improvement, the rotor is provided with a damping winding, the damping winding includes an end ring and a damping bar, and the damping bar is installed on the end ring. The damping winding is equivalent to the winding of the rotor. When the generator is difficult to start, the generator is used as a motor, so that the asynchronous start of the motor can be realized and the power generation efficiency of the vertical wind power generator can be improved.

As a specific example, the first flange is in the shape of a truncated cone, a trumpet, a "convex" or a step; the second flange is in a shape of a cone, a trumpet, a "convex" or a step. Cone-shaped or horn-shaped, the cross-section of the first flange from the large end to the small end is a uniform transition, the cross-section of the second flange from the large end to the small end is a uniform transition, between the first flange and the second flange Therefore, the first flange and the second flange have high strength and can withstand relatively large forces. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the bearing is reduced, and the cost of the vertical wind turbine is reduced. ;Using "convex" shape or step shape, the flange can be processed with ordinary equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced.

As an improvement, a fifth flange is provided between the bracket and the first flange, the upper end surface of the fifth flange is connected to the bracket, and the lower end surface is connected to the large end of the first flange; the bracket There is a sixth flange between the second flange, the upper end of the sixth flange is connected to the large end of the second flange, and the lower end is connected to the bracket; the outer ring of the second bearing is provided with The seventh flange, the upper end surface of the seventh flange is connected with the third flange, and the lower end surface is connected with the small end of the second flange.

Set the fifth flange to facilitate the connection between the first flange and the bracket; set the sixth flange to facilitate the connection between the second flange and the bracket; set the seventh flange, the inner surface of the seventh flange and the second bearing The outer surface is an interference fit, so that the second flange and the third flange only need to be connected with the seventh flange, and there is no need to process screw holes or weld the outer ring of the second bearing. Therefore, the size of the bearing is reduced. The processing cost is reduced, the strength of the second bearing outer ring is increased, and the installation procedure is simplified.

As an improvement, an eighth flange is provided between the lower end of the blade and the third flange, and a ninth flange is provided between the upper end of the blade and the fourth flange.

The eighth and ninth flanges are provided to facilitate the connection of the blade with the third flange and the fourth flange.

As a concrete example, the first moving device is a first hydraulic system, and the second moving device is a second hydraulic system; the first hydraulic system includes a first hydraulic pump, a first hydraulic valve, a first hydraulic pipe and The first hydraulic cylinder; the first hydraulic cylinder includes a first hydraulic cylinder body, a first piston, a first piston rod and a first sealing device, and the end of the first hydraulic cylinder body away from the first piston rod and the skeleton connected, the end of the first piston rod away from the first hydraulic cylinder block is connected to the first blade tip; the second hydraulic system includes a second hydraulic pump, a second hydraulic valve, a second hydraulic pipe and a second hydraulic cylinder; The second hydraulic cylinder includes a second hydraulic cylinder body, a second piston, a second piston rod and a second sealing device, the end of the second hydraulic cylinder body away from the second piston rod is connected to the skeleton, and the second piston rod The end away from the second hydraulic cylinder block is connected with the second vane tip.

The hydraulic system is used as the motion system, which has good transmission stability, can be used on high-power moving parts, and can realize stepless speed regulation.

As an improvement, the first moving device is a first air pressure system, the first air pressure system includes a first air compressor and a first air cylinder, and the first air cylinder includes a first air cylinder body, a first air piston, a first air pressure cylinder, and a first air pressure cylinder. The air pressure piston rod and the first air pressure sealing device, the first air pressure cylinder body is installed on the frame, and the end of the first air pressure piston rod away from the first air pressure cylinder body is connected with the first blade tip; the second movement The device is a second air pressure system. The second air pressure system includes a second air compressor and a second air pressure cylinder. The second air pressure cylinder includes a second air pressure cylinder body, a second air pressure piston, a second air pressure piston rod and a second air pressure sealing device , the second pneumatic cylinder is installed on the frame, and the end of the second pneumatic piston rod away from the second pneumatic cylinder is connected with the second blade tip.

The pneumatic cylinder system is used as the moving device. Because the power medium is gas, it is light in weight, rich in medium resources, and pollution-free; due to the low viscosity of the gas, the resistance between the gas and the pneumatic cylinder is small.

As an improvement, the first moving device includes a first screw rod, a first nut, a first motor, more than two first linear bearings and a first bearing seat, and the first bearing seat is installed on the blade body , the first linear bearing is installed on the first bearing seat, the first nut is installed on the first blade tip, one end of the first screw rod is connected to the first motor, and the first screw rod is connected to the first motor The first nuts are engaged, and a first coupling is provided between the first motor and the first screw; the second moving device includes a second screw, a second nut, a second motor, two The second linear bearing and the second bearing seat above, the second bearing seat is installed on the blade body, the second linear bearing is installed on the second bearing seat, the second nut is installed on the second blade tip, One end of the second screw rod is connected to the second motor, the second screw rod is engaged with the second nut, and a second coupling is arranged between the second motor and the second screw rod.

Screw rods, nuts, and linear bearings are used as the movement device, and its transmission precision is high.

As an improvement, a first sealing strip is provided on the end of the airfoil close to the first blade tip, and a second sealing strip is provided on the end of the airfoil close to the second blade tip; between the skeleton and the airfoil There are blade reinforcement ribs between them.

The sealing strip can prevent rainwater and dust from entering the blade unit; when the vertical wind turbine is working, it can prevent the formation of convection at both ends of the cross section of the blade unit and affect the working efficiency of the vertical wind turbine. The blade stiffeners are provided to increase the connection strength between the skeleton and the blade body.

As an improvement, an external cooler is connected to the cooler, and the external cooler is arranged in the column.

The working process of the above structure is: the external cooler sends the cooling liquid to the cooler through the inlet pipe, performs heat exchange in the cooler, and then turns into hot water and flows into the external cooler through the outlet pipe for cooling, and then The above process continues to circulate, adding an external cooler can improve the cooling effect of the air flow in the inner circulation in the cooler, thereby improving the cooling effect on the generator and increasing the service life of the generator.

As a concrete example, the crane includes a slewing tower, a lifting arm, a balance arm, a counterweight, a lifting trolley, a trolley traveling mechanism, a hook, a cable, a hoisting mechanism and a control system; the slewing tower is erected on the tower On the top of the column, the lifting arm and the balance arm are installed on the slewing tower, the balance weight is installed on one end of the balance arm, the traveling mechanism of the trolley is set on the boom, the trolley is set on the traveling mechanism of the trolley, and the hook is set on the Below the lifting trolley, the hook is connected to one end of the cable, and the other end of the cable is connected to the lifting mechanism; the traveling mechanism of the trolley is a guide rail arranged on the boom, and the lifting trolley is set on On the guide rail; between the top of the slewing tower and the balance arm, a balance arm rod is arranged, one end of the balance arm rod is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower, and the other end of the balance arm rod is fixedly connected to the balance arm; A boom tie rod is arranged between the top of the tower and the boom, one end of the boom tie rod is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower, and the other end of the boom tie rod is fixedly connected to the boom.

The crane with the above structure is equipped with a slewing tower, a boom, a trolley, a trolley traveling mechanism, a hook, a cable and a lifting mechanism, so the operator can carry out the operation of the vertical wind generator on the boom. Installation, maintenance and inspection do not require additional towers or lifting equipment, which saves cost and time; due to the setting of the balance arm and counterweight, the weight of one end of the jib is balanced, ensuring the structural stability and safety of the crane. The lifting load of the crane is improved; because of the slewing tower, the slewing tower can rotate 360°, and because of the hoisting trolley, the hoisting trolley can move on the trolley walking mechanism, so that the hook and the generator can be adjusted The distance in the horizontal direction, due to the installation of the lifting mechanism, the cable and the hook, the hook can move in the vertical direction through the cable through the lifting mechanism, so the operator can work anywhere on the wind turbine , effectively saving operating time. The above-mentioned guide rail has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. The balance arm tie rod and the jib tie rod ensure the structural stability of the crane and increase the lifting load of the crane.

As a specific example, the lifting system is an elevator, and the elevator includes a car and a car lifting mechanism.

For the inspection and maintenance of vertical wind turbines, the operator can inspect and repair the wind turbines by taking the elevator car, which makes the maintenance more convenient, and greatly reduces the maintenance cost and shortens the maintenance time .

As an improvement, brake devices are provided on the outer rings of the first bearing, the second bearing and the third bearing.

The rotation speed of the vertical wind generator rotor changes with the wind speed. The greater the wind speed, the greater the rotation speed of the generator rotor and the greater the output power. However, the generator has its own limit power. When the actual power is greater than When the power is limited, the generator may be burned. Therefore, it is necessary to control the speed of the generator rotor and install a brake device to effectively control the speed of the generator rotor.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a vertical wind generator perspective view of a generator unit;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the vertical wind generator of a generator unit;

Fig. 3 is a sectional view of a vertical wind generator of a generator unit;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of F in Fig. 3;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the blade;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the first form of the blade;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the first blade tip and the second blade tip extending into the blade body in the first form of the blade;

Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of A in Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of the first hydraulic system;

Fig. 10 is the structural diagram that generator starts as motor;

Fig. 11 is a structural schematic diagram of the first form of the connector;

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the second form of the connector;

Figure 13 is a structural diagram of the damper winding installed on the generator rotor;

Figure 14 is a perspective view of the damping winding;

Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of fan blades installed on the outer wall of the outer bracket;

Figure 16 is a schematic structural view of the exciter installed below the generator;

Figure 17 is a perspective view of the crane;

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of a second form of the first flange and the second flange;

Fig. 19 is a sectional view of a second form of the first flange and the second flange;

Figure 20 is a perspective view of the third form of the first flange and the second flange;'

Fig. 21 is a perspective view of a fourth form of the first flange and the second flange;

Figure 22 is a cross-sectional view of the second form of the blade;

Fig. 23 is a cross-sectional view of the first blade tip and the second blade tip extending into the blade body in the second form of the blade;

Figure 24 is a partially enlarged view of B in Figure 22;

Figure 25 is a schematic structural view of the first air pressure system;

Fig. 26 is the sectional view of the third form of blade;

Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional view of the first blade tip and the second blade tip extending into the blade body in the third form of the blade;

Figure 28 is a partial enlarged view of C in Figure 26;

Fig. 29 is the structural representation of the screw mandrel, nut transmission system;

Figure 30 is a perspective view of two generator units;

Figure 31 is a front view of two generator units;

Figure 32 is a cross-sectional view of two generator units.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

first embodiment

The vertical wind power generator shown in Figures 1 to 3 includes a tower column 1, more than one generator unit 2, more than two blades 3, a first bearing 4, a second bearing 5, a third bearing 6, a A flange 7, a second flange 8, a third flange 9, a fourth flange 10, a fifth flange 11, a sixth flange 12, and a seventh flange 13. In this embodiment, the generator unit 2 is one, the blade 3 is two pieces, the central axis of the tower column 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the tower column 1 is a hollow structure.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the generator unit 2 includes a bracket 201 , a generator 202 and an exciter 203 .

3 and 4, the bracket 201 is composed of an outer bracket 2011 and an inner bracket 2012, the outer bracket 2011 is arranged outside the inner bracket 2012, and a bracket air duct 2013 is formed between the outer bracket 2011 and the inner bracket 2012.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the generator 202 includes a stator 2021 and a rotor 2022, the stator 2021 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the rotor 2022 is arranged outside the stator 2021, and is fixedly installed on the inner bracket 2012 On the inner wall, the stator 2021 is provided with a generator stator winding (not shown), and the rotor 2022 is provided with a generator rotor winding (not shown), and there is an air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022, and the stator 2021 And rotor 2022 is provided with air passage 15; On rotor 2022, damping winding 38 is installed, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, damping winding 38 comprises end ring 381 and damping bar 382, and damping bar 382 is installed on the end ring 381 .

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 includes an exciter stator 2031 and an exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the exciter rotor 2032 is arranged on the exciter stator 2031 outside, and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner bracket 2012, the exciter stator 2031 is provided with an exciter stator winding (not shown), and the exciter rotor 2032 is provided with an exciter rotor winding (not shown), and the exciter stator There is an air gap 14 between the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032, and the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032 are provided with an air duct 15; as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 is installed in the generator Above the machine 202, of course, as shown in Figure 16, the exciter 203 can also be installed below the generator 202.

As shown in Figure 10, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17 through a bidirectional frequency converter 15, and the generator stator winding is connected to the exciter stator winding through a bidirectional frequency converter 15 and an exciter control device 16; the generator rotor winding is connected through a rotating rectifier 161 is connected with the exciter rotor winding.

As shown in Figure 3, a stator bracket 2023 is provided on the lower end surface of the generator stator 2021, and the stator bracket 2023 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the stator bracket 2023 plays the role of supporting the stator 2021, improving The firmness and position accuracy of the stator 2021 installed on the tower column 1 are ensured; the exciter stator bracket 2033 is arranged on the lower end surface of the exciter stator 2031, and the exciter stator bracket 2033 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 , The exciter stator bracket 2033 plays the role of supporting the exciter stator 2031, improving the firmness and position accuracy of the exciter stator 2031 installed on the tower column 1.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fifth flange 11, the first flange 7, and the first bearing 4 are sequentially arranged below the bracket 201 from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the fifth flange 11 is welded It is connected with the lower end surface of the bracket 201; the cross-sections of the upper and lower ends of the first flange 7 are not equal, as shown in Figure 4, the first flange 7 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the first The flange 7 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the first flange 7 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the first flange 7 is stepped, of course, the first flange 7 is not limited to the above Four structures, the large end of the first flange 7 is connected to the fifth flange 11 through bolts or welding, and the small end of the first flange 7 is connected to the outer surface of the first bearing 4 through bolts or welding or interference fit. Ring connection; the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the lower end surface of the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is provided with a first bearing bracket 18, the first bearing bracket 18 The fixed sleeve is mounted on the outer wall of the tower column 1.

The frustum-shaped or trumpet-shaped first flange 7 is adopted, and the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the first flange 7 is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the first flange 7, so the strength is high , able to withstand greater force, at the same time, the size of the outer ring of the first bearing 4 is reduced, and the cost of the vertical wind turbine is reduced; the "convex" shape or the step type is adopted, and the first flange 7 can be used The equipment is processed, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the fifth flange 11 is provided to facilitate the connection between the first flange 7 and the bracket 201; the first bearing bracket 18 It is used to support the first bearing 4 and all components acting on the first bearing 4, thus improving the installation firmness and position accuracy of the first bearing 4, and also improving the stability of the generator structure.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the sixth flange 12, the second flange 8, and the second bearing 5 are sequentially arranged above the support 201 from bottom to top; the sixth flange 12 is connected to the upper end surface of the support 201 by welding Above, the cross sections of the upper and lower ends of the sixth flange 12 are unequal, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the second flange 8 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, the second flange 8 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the second flange 8 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the second flange 8 is stepped, of course, the second flange 8 is not limited to the above four structure, the big end of the second flange 8 is connected to the sixth flange 12 by bolts or welding; the inner ring of the second bearing 8 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1; the seventh The flange 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 by interference fit, and the lower end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the small end of the second flange 8 by bolts or welding; A second bearing bracket 19 is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring, and the second bearing bracket 19 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 .

Adopt the second flange 8 of frustoconical or trumpet shape, the cross section of the second flange 8 from the large end to the small end is a uniform transition, no obvious internal stress will be generated in the second flange 8, therefore, the second flange 8 Flange 8 has high strength and can withstand large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 is reduced, which reduces the cost of the vertical wind power generator; The flange 8 can be processed with common equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the sixth flange 12 is set to facilitate the connection between the second flange 8 and the bracket 201; The second bearing bracket 19 is used to support the second bearing 5 and all parts acting on the second bearing 5, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the second bearing 5 are improved, and the power generation is also improved. The stability of the machine structure.

As shown in Figure 3, the inner ring of the third bearing 6 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and is located above the second bearing 5, and a third bearing is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring of the third bearing 6 The bearing bracket 20, the third bearing bracket 20 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the third bearing bracket 20 is used to support the third bearing 6 and all parts acting on the third bearing 6, therefore, The installation firmness and position accuracy of the third bearing 6 are improved, and the stability of the generator structure is also improved.

The upper end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the third flange 9 by bolts or welding, and the fourth flange 10 is connected to the outer ring of the third bearing 6 by bolts or welding. Between the fourth flange 10, there is a connecting piece 23 for transmitting torque. As shown in FIG. 12, the connecting piece 23 shown is a hollow tube. As shown in FIG. The connecting rod 231, the upper end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the fourth flange 10, the lower end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the third flange 9, and the connecting rod 231 is arranged outside the tower column 1 and connected with the tower On the concentric circumference of the cross section of the column 1, a reinforcing rib 232 is welded on the connecting rod 231 to enhance the strength of the connecting piece 23; a hollow tube is used as the connecting piece 23, which has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and has low production cost, and the hollow tube When rotating with the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10, the rotation resistance will not be formed at the hollow tube to affect the power of the wind generator, therefore, the power generation efficiency of the wind generator is greatly improved; multiple connecting rods are used 231 is used as a connector, which has a simple structure and can reduce the weight of the vertical wind generator; as shown in Figure 3, two eighth flanges 21 are connected on the outer circumference of the third flange 9, and in the fourth method Two ninth flanges 22 are connected to the outer circumference of the flange 10, the lower end of the blade 3 is connected to the third flange 9 through the eighth flange 21, and the upper end of the blade 3 is connected to the fourth flange 22 through the ninth flange. Flange 10 connection. The eighth flange 21 and the ninth flange 22 are provided to facilitate the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the blade 3 .

The vertical wind generator blade 3 shown in Figure 5 to Figure 6, said blade 3 is made up of three blade units 31; One of the two small ends is arc-shaped, and the other end is pointed. The blade unit 31 adopts this cross-sectional structure, which has a high utilization rate of wind energy. The blade unit 31 includes a skeleton 101, a blade body 102, a first blade tip 103 and a second blade tip 104; the blade body 102 is installed on the skeleton 103, and the skeleton 103 is inside the blade body 102; The tip 103 is arranged at one end of the airfoil 102 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1031 of the first blade tip 103 is arc-shaped, and the head 1032 of the first blade tip 103 extends into the airfoil 102; The second blade tip 104 is arranged on the end of the blade body 102 opposite to the first blade tip 103 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1041 of the second blade tip 104 is the tip, and the second blade tip The head 1042 of 104 protrudes into the airfoil 102; as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, a first guide rail group (not shown) is provided between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103, between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103 A second rail set 32 is provided between the two blade tips 104; a first hydraulic system 30 is provided between the skeleton 101 and the first blade tip 103, and a second hydraulic system 40 is provided between the skeleton 101 and the second blade tip 104 , the first hydraulic system 30 includes a first hydraulic pump (not shown), a first hydraulic valve (not shown), a first hydraulic pipe (not shown) and a first hydraulic cylinder 301, as shown in FIG. 9 Shown, the first hydraulic cylinder 301 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 302, a first piston 303, a first piston rod 304 and a first sealing device 305, the first piston 303 is installed in the first hydraulic cylinder 302, the first One end of a piston rod 304 is connected with the first piston 303, and the other end is connected with the first blade tip 103, the first hydraulic cylinder block 302 is fixed on the skeleton 101, and the first sealing device 305 is installed in the first hydraulic cylinder block 302, the second hydraulic system 40 includes a second hydraulic pump (not shown), a second hydraulic valve (not shown), a second hydraulic pipe (not shown) and a second hydraulic cylinder 401, The second hydraulic cylinder 401 includes a second hydraulic cylinder body 402, a second piston (not shown), a second piston rod 403 and a second sealing device (not shown), and the second piston is mounted on the second hydraulic cylinder In the body 402, one end of the second piston rod 403 is connected with the second piston, and the other end is connected with the second blade tip 104. The second hydraulic cylinder body 402 is fixed on the skeleton 101, and the second sealing device is installed on the second The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder block 402; the hydraulic system is used as the movement device, which can be used on high-power equipment. Oil can be used for automatic lubrication, so that the service life of the hydraulic system is long, so the service life of the blades is also long. A blade reinforcing rib 50 is also installed between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102, so that the connection strength between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102 can be increased; The first sealing strip 60 is equipped with a second sealing strip 70 at the end of the blade body 102 close to the second blade tip 104, so that rainwater and dust can be prevented from entering the blade unit 31. When the vertical wind generator is working, it can It prevents the formation of convection at both ends of the cross section of the blade unit and affects the working efficiency of the vertical wind power generator.

As shown in Figure 4, a cooling system is provided in the generator unit 2, including fan blades 24, cooler 25, sealing disc 26, fan 27, and generator stator 2021, rotor 2022, exciter stator 2031 and exciter The air duct 15 on the rotor 2032; as shown in Figure 15, the fan blades 24 are installed obliquely on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011, each fan blade 24 is in the shape of an arc, and the sealing disc 26 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 and located above the internal exciter 203 at the upper end of the inner bracket 2012, the fan 27 is installed on the sealing disk 26; the cooler 25 is installed on the sealing disk 26 and is located above the fan 27; on the lower end of the inner bracket 2012 There is an air outlet 29, and an air inlet 33 is arranged on the upper end of the inner bracket 2012, and the air inlet 33 is located above the sealing disc 26, and the air outlet 29, the air inlet 33 and the bracket air duct 2013 are connected; An external cooler 34 is arranged inside the column 1 , and the cooler 25 is connected to the external cooler 34 through a liquid inlet pipe 35 and a liquid outlet pipe 36 .

As shown in Figure 17, a crane 80 is provided on the top of the tower column 1, and the crane 80 includes a slewing tower 801, a boom 802, a balance arm 803, a balance weight 804, a lifting trolley 805, a guide rail 806, a crane Hook 807, cable 808, lift mechanism 809 and control system (not shown). The revolving tower 801 is connected to the top of the tower column 1, the lifting arm 802 and the balance arm 803 are installed on the revolving tower 801, and the revolving tower 801 can rotate 360°; the balance weight 804 is installed on one end of the balance arm 803; 806 is arranged on the boom 802, and the lifting trolley 805 is arranged on the guide rail 806, and the lifting trolley 805 can move forward and backward on the guide rail 806; One end is connected, and the other end of the dragline 808 is connected with the lifting mechanism 809, and the lifting mechanism 809 controls the lifting of the suspension hook 807. In addition, a balance arm pull rod 810 is provided between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the balance arm 803, one end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the balance arm 803; A boom tie rod 811 is arranged between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the boom 802, one end of the boom tie rod 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the boom tie rod 811 is connected to the boom 802. Fixed connection; the balance arm pull rod 810 and the boom pull rod 811 ensure the structural stability of the crane 80 and improve the lifting load of the crane 80 .

As shown in Figure 3, a lifting system is provided inside the tower column 1, and the lifting system is an elevator 37, and the elevator 37 includes a car 371 and a car lifting mechanism 372, and the car 371 is formed by a car. Lifting mechanism 372 realizes lifting.

The outer rings of the first bearing 4, the second bearing 5 and the third bearing 6 are provided with braking devices (not shown).

The operation process of the above-mentioned vertical wind generator mainly includes the power generation of the wind generator, the cooling of the generator, the starting of the generator as a motor, and the maintenance and inspection of the vertical wind generator. The working principles of several parts are described below.

The working principle of the vertical wind generator power generation: the blade 3 starts to rotate under the push of the wind, and the blade 3 generates torque after the rotation, and the torque generated by the blade 3 is transmitted to the fourth flange 10 through the upper end of the blade 3 and passed through the blade 3. The lower end of the blade is transmitted to the third flange 9. At this time, the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10 rotate together with the blade 3, and the torque transmitted to the fourth flange 10 is transmitted to the third flange through the connecting piece 23. The flange 9 and the third flange 9 pass the torque to the support 201 through the seventh flange 13, the second flange 8 and the sixth flange 12 in turn, and the support 201 drives the rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, so that the rotor 2022 It rotates around the stator 2021, and the exciter rotor 2032 rotates around the exciter stator 2031. During the rotation of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter rotor winding in the exciter rotor 2032 generates an alternating current, and then, the alternating current is converted by the rotating rectification device 161 Converted into a direct current and sent to the rotor winding of the generator rotor 2022, the generator rotor winding generates a magnetic field after passing through the direct current, due to the rotation of the generator rotor 2022, the generator rotor winding will generate a magnetic field close to the sinusoidal distribution, the generator The generator stator winding on the stator 2021 moves to cut the magnetic field line relative to the generator rotor winding, and induces a three-phase AC potential in the generator stator winding, so as to achieve the purpose of power generation. In this structure, due to the arrangement of the third flange 9, the fourth flange 10 and the connecting piece 23, the torque generated by the blade 3 is not only transmitted to the third flange 9 through the lower end of the blade 3, but also through the upper end of the blade 3. It is transmitted to the fourth flange 10, and the fourth flange 10 transmits the torque to the third flange 9 through the connecting piece 23. In this way, the force on the upper and lower ends of the blade 3 is balanced, so that the blade 3 is not easy to deform, so , the blades 3 are not easily damaged, which improves the service life of the vertical wind power generator. As shown in Figure 6, during the rotation of the blade 3, when the wind force is small, the first blade tip 103 and the second blade tip 104 are in an open state, so that the area of the windward side of the blade 3 is large, and the power of the vertical wind generator is large; As shown in Figure 7, when the wind force becomes stronger, the first blade tip 103 moves toward the frame 101 along the first guide rail set under the action of the first hydraulic system 30, the first blade tip 103 shrinks, and at the same time, the second blade tip 104 Under the action of the second hydraulic system 40, it moves along the second guide rail group 2 towards the skeleton 101, and the second blade tip 104 shrinks. At this time, the area of the windward side of the blade 3 decreases, and the power of the vertical wind power generator is automatically increased. The adjustment adopts this structure, which can prevent the failure of the vertical wind generator due to excessive power caused by excessive wind speed.

The working principle of the cooling system is: the fan 27 works to form a wind flow, and the cold wind reaches the lower end of the generator through the air duct 15 of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031, the rotor 2022 and the stator 2021, and plays the role of cooling the exciter and the generator , at this time, the cold air becomes hot air, and enters into the bracket air duct 2013 through the air outlet 29, where heat exchange is performed with the outside air through the outer bracket 2011, so that the hot air in the air flow becomes cold air, and then the air flow enters through the air inlet 33 Cooler 25, where the air flow is further cooled, and then flows into the inner cavity of the wind power generator through the fan 27 to form an internal circulation. Outside the rotor outer bracket 2011, since the fan blades 24 are installed, and the fan blades 24 are installed on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011 obliquely, when the bracket 201 rotates, the fan blades 24 also rotate together. At this time, on the fan blades 24 The wind pressure difference between the upper and lower sides is formed, so that the outside air close to the generator forms a wind flow from high pressure to low pressure, that is, an external circulation is formed, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the wind flow in the internal circulation and the outside world, thus improving the power generation efficiency. The cooling effect of the machine improves the service life of the generator.

The working process of the external cooler 34 and the cooler 25 is: the outer cooler 34 delivers cooling liquid to the cooler 25 through the inlet pipe 35, and exchanges heat with the wind in the internal circulation in the cooler 25, and then becomes Hot water flows into the external cooler 34 through the liquid outlet pipe 36 for cooling, and then continues to circulate as the above process, which improves the cooling effect of the air flow in the internal circulation in the cooler 25, thereby improving the cooling effect of the generator and improving the service life of the generator.

The working process of the starting of the generator as a motor is: (1) motor operation: as shown in Figure 10, when the wind generator is at low wind speed or difficult to start, the excitation control device 16 is disconnected from the grid 17, and the exciter stator winding The current is zero, the generator is running in the motoring mode, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17, and the grid 17 provides AC current to the generator stator winding through the bidirectional frequency converter 15, at this time, a current is generated in the air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022 A rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field generates relative motion with the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, the generator rotor winding cuts the magnetic field lines to generate an induced electromotive force in the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator rotor winding and the resistance winding are closed to generate electricity Induced current appears in the rotor winding and damping winding 38 of the wind turbine, and the rotating magnetic field interacts with the induced current to generate electromagnetic torque to make the rotor 2022 of the generator rotate and realize asynchronous operation, thereby solving the problem of the wind generator at low wind speed or difficult to start question. When the generator operates as a motor, the rotating speed of the generator as a motor is adjusted by adjusting the output frequency of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 . (2) Generator operation: When the wind speed increases and the generator speed meets the cut-in wind speed, first let the generator run in the above-mentioned motor state, and drive the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the alternating current is induced in the exciter rotor winding. After being rectified by the rotating rectifying device 161, the DC current is input into the rotor winding of the generator, and the stator winding of the generator induces a three-phase alternating current. At this time, the two-way frequency converter 15 is controlled to temporarily stop working, the generator exits the motor working state, and the torque generated by the blade 3 drives the bracket 201 to rotate, and the bracket 201 drives the generator rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the excitation control device 16 was put into work, and the generators began to operate as synchronous generators. After the motor is converted into a generator, the bidirectional frequency converter 15 is put into operation again, and the three-phase alternating current in the stator winding of the generator is rectified and filtered by the bidirectional frequency converter 15, and then connected to the power grid 17 to implement generator operation. When the wind speed changes, the rotational speed of the generator changes accordingly, and the frequency of the induced current in the stator winding of the generator also changes. At this time, the operating parameters of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 can be adjusted to ensure that the output frequency remains unchanged, and realize variable speed and constant frequency. run. When the generator is running in the generator state, the excitation current obtained by the rotor winding of the generator is adjusted by adjusting the current output of the excitation control device 16, so as to realize the adjustment of the output power of the generator. (3) When the wind speed exceeds a certain range, the connection between the excitation control device 16 and the power grid 17 is disconnected, and the two-way frequency converter 15 is also disconnected from the generator. The power generation system does not consume or output electric energy. At the same time, the brake The device can also limit the rotational speed of the generator to prevent the wind turbine from being damaged.

The maintenance and inspection of the vertical wind power generator is realized through the lifting system and the crane 80. The realization process is: the operator can reach any generator unit 2 in the tower column 1 through the lifting system, and can also reach the crane 80, The operator can operate on the suspension hook 807 in the crane 80, and the suspension hook 807 is connected with the hoisting mechanism 809 by a drag cable 808. Like this, the vertical position of the suspension hook 807 can be adjusted. Lifting trolley 805, lifting trolley 805 can slide on guide rail 806, like this, can adjust the position of suspension hook 807 in the horizontal direction, because slewing tower 801 can rotate 360 °, therefore, operator can be on the vertical wind turbine Maintenance and testing can be carried out anywhere, without the need to build maintenance towers and other large-scale equipment, which greatly saves maintenance costs and time for maintenance and testing.

second embodiment

The vertical wind power generator shown in Figures 1 to 3 includes a tower column 1, more than one generator unit 2, more than two blades 3, a first bearing 4, a second bearing 5, a third bearing 6, a A flange 7, a second flange 8, a third flange 9, a fourth flange 10, a fifth flange 11, a sixth flange 12, and a seventh flange 13. In this embodiment, the generator unit 2 is one, the blade 3 is two pieces, the central axis of the tower column 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the tower column 1 is a hollow structure.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the generator unit 2 includes a bracket 201 , a generator 202 and an exciter 203 .

3 and 4, the bracket 201 is composed of an outer bracket 2011 and an inner bracket 2012, the outer bracket 2011 is arranged outside the inner bracket 2012, and a bracket air duct 2013 is formed between the outer bracket 2011 and the inner bracket 2012.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the generator 202 includes a stator 2021 and a rotor 2022, the stator 2021 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the rotor 2022 is arranged outside the stator 2021, and is fixedly installed on the inner bracket 2012 On the inner wall, the stator 2021 is provided with a generator stator winding (not shown), and the rotor 2022 is provided with a generator rotor winding (not shown), and there is an air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022, and the stator 2021 And rotor 2022 is provided with air passage 15; On rotor 2022, damping winding 38 is installed, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, damping winding 38 comprises end ring 381 and damping bar 382, and damping bar 382 is installed on the end ring 381 .

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 includes an exciter stator 2031 and an exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the exciter rotor 2032 is arranged on the exciter stator 2031 outside, and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner bracket 2012, the exciter stator 2031 is provided with an exciter stator winding (not shown), and the exciter rotor 2032 is provided with an exciter rotor winding (not shown), and the exciter stator There is an air gap 14 between the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032, and the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032 are provided with an air duct 15; as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 is installed in the generator Above the machine 202, of course, as shown in Figure 16, the exciter 203 can also be installed below the generator 202.

As shown in Figure 10, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17 through a bidirectional frequency converter 15, and the generator stator winding is connected to the exciter stator winding through a bidirectional frequency converter 15 and an exciter control device 16; the generator rotor winding is connected through a rotating rectifier 161 is connected with the exciter rotor winding.

As shown in Figure 3, a stator bracket 2023 is provided on the lower end surface of the generator stator 2021, and the stator bracket 2023 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the stator bracket 2023 plays the role of supporting the stator 2021, improving The firmness and position accuracy of the stator 2021 installed on the tower column 1 are ensured; the exciter stator bracket 2033 is arranged on the lower end surface of the exciter stator 2031, and the exciter stator bracket 2033 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 , The exciter stator bracket 2033 plays the role of supporting the exciter stator 2031, improving the firmness and position accuracy of the exciter stator 2031 installed on the tower column 1.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fifth flange 11, the first flange 7, and the first bearing 4 are sequentially arranged below the bracket 201 from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the fifth flange 11 is welded It is connected with the lower end surface of the bracket 201; the cross-sections of the upper and lower ends of the first flange 7 are not equal, as shown in Figure 4, the first flange 7 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the first The flange 7 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the first flange 7 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the first flange 7 is stepped, of course, the first flange 7 is not limited to the above Four structures, the large end of the first flange 7 is connected to the fifth flange 11 through bolts or welding, and the small end of the first flange 7 is connected to the outer surface of the first bearing 4 through bolts or welding or interference fit. Ring connection; the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the lower end surface of the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is provided with a first bearing bracket 18, the first bearing bracket 18 The fixed sleeve is mounted on the outer wall of the tower column 1.

The first flange 7 of frustoconical or trumpet shape is adopted, and the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the first flange 7 is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the first flange 7, therefore, enhanced The strength of the first flange is capable of withstanding a relatively large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the first bearing 4 is reduced, which reduces the cost of the vertical wind power generator; The flange 7 can be processed with ordinary equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the fifth flange 11 is set to facilitate the connection between the first flange 7 and the bracket 201; The first bearing bracket 18 is used to support the first bearing 4 and all parts acting on the first bearing 4, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the first bearing 4 are improved, and the power generation is also improved. The stability of the machine structure.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the sixth flange 12, the second flange 8, and the second bearing 5 are sequentially arranged above the support 201 from bottom to top; the sixth flange 12 is connected to the upper end surface of the support 201 by welding Above, the cross sections of the upper and lower ends of the sixth flange 12 are unequal, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the second flange 8 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, the second flange 8 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the second flange 8 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the second flange 8 is stepped, of course, the second flange 8 is not limited to the above four structure, the big end of the second flange 8 is connected to the sixth flange 12 by bolts or welding; the inner ring of the second bearing 8 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1; the seventh The flange 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 by interference fit, and the lower end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the small end of the second flange 8 by bolts or welding; A second bearing bracket 19 is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring, and the second bearing bracket 19 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 .

A frustum-shaped or horn-shaped second flange 8 is adopted, and the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the second flange 8 is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the second flange 8. Therefore, the increase The strength of the second flange is improved, and it can withstand a large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 is reduced, and the cost of the vertical wind turbine is reduced; The flange 8 can be processed with common equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the sixth flange 12 is set to facilitate the connection of the second flange 8 and the support 201; The second bearing bracket 19 is used to support the second bearing 5 and all parts acting on the second bearing 5, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the second bearing 5 are improved, and the The stability of the generator structure.

As shown in Figure 3, the inner ring of the third bearing 6 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and is located above the second bearing 5, and a third bearing is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring of the third bearing 6 The bearing bracket 20, the third bearing bracket 20 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the third bearing bracket 20 is used to support the third bearing 6 and all parts acting on the third bearing 6, therefore, The installation firmness and position accuracy of the third bearing 6 are improved, and the stability of the generator structure is also improved.

The upper end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the third flange 9 by bolts or welding, and the fourth flange 10 is connected to the outer ring of the third bearing 6 by bolts or welding. Between the fourth flange 10, there is a connecting piece 23 for transmitting torque. As shown in FIG. 12, the connecting piece 23 shown is a hollow tube. As shown in FIG. The connecting rod 231, the upper end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the fourth flange 10, the lower end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the third flange 9, and the connecting rod 231 is arranged outside the tower column 1 and connected with the tower On the concentric circumference of the cross section of the column 1, a reinforcing rib 232 is welded on the connecting rod 231 to enhance the strength of the connecting piece 23; a hollow tube is used as the connecting piece 23, which has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and has low production cost, and the hollow tube When rotating with the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10, the rotation resistance will not be formed at the hollow tube to affect the power of the wind generator, therefore, the power generation efficiency of the wind generator is greatly improved; multiple connecting rods are used 231 is used as a connector, which has a simple structure and can reduce the weight of the vertical wind generator; as shown in Figure 3, two eighth flanges 21 are connected on the outer circumference of the third flange 9, and in the fourth method Two ninth flanges 22 are connected to the outer circumference of the flange 10, the lower end of the blade 3 is connected to the third flange 9 through the eighth flange 21, and the upper end of the blade 3 is connected to the fourth flange 22 through the ninth flange. Flange 10 connection. The eighth flange 21 and the ninth flange 22 are provided to facilitate the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the blade 3 .

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 22 to Fig. 25 vertical wind power generator blade 3, described blade 3 is made up of three blade units 31; Shape, and one of the two small ends is arc-shaped, and the other end is pointed. The blade unit 31 adopts this cross-sectional structure, which has a high utilization rate of wind energy. The blade unit 31 includes a skeleton 101, a blade body 102, a first blade tip 103 and a second blade tip 104; the blade body 102 is installed on the skeleton 103, and the skeleton 103 is inside the blade body 102; The tip 103 is arranged at one end of the airfoil 102 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1031 of the first blade tip 103 is arc-shaped, and the head 1032 of the first blade tip 103 extends into the airfoil 102; The second blade tip 104 is arranged on the end of the blade body 102 opposite to the first blade tip 103 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1041 of the second blade tip 104 is the tip, and the second blade tip The head 1042 of 104 extends into the airfoil 102; as shown in Fig. 22 and Fig. 25, a first guide rail group (not shown) is provided between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103, between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103 A second guide rail set 32 is provided between the two blade tips 104; a first air pressure system 95 is provided between the skeleton 101 and the first blade tip 103, and a second air pressure system 96 is provided between the skeleton 101 and the second blade tip 104 , the first air pressure system 95 includes a first air compressor (not shown) and a first air cylinder 111, as shown in Figure 25, the first air cylinder 111 includes a first air cylinder 112, a first air cylinder 112, One air pressure piston 113, the first air pressure piston rod 114 and the first air pressure sealing device 115, the first air pressure piston 113 is installed in the first air pressure hydraulic cylinder body 112, and one end of the first air pressure piston rod 114 is in contact with the first air pressure piston 113 The other end is connected with the first blade tip 103, the first air cylinder 112 is fixed on the frame 101, the first sealing device 115 is installed at both ends of the first air cylinder 112, the second air pressure system 96 includes a second air compressor (not shown) and a second air cylinder 121, and the second air cylinder 121 includes a second air cylinder body 122, a second air piston (not shown), a second air piston rod 123 and the second air pressure sealing device (not shown), the second air pressure piston is installed in the second air pressure hydraulic cylinder body 122, one end of the second air pressure piston rod 123 is connected with the second air pressure piston, and the other end is connected with the second blade The tips 104 are connected together, the second pneumatic cylinder body 122 is fixed on the frame 101, and the second sealing device is installed at both ends of the second pneumatic cylinder body 122; the pneumatic cylinder system is used as the movement device, and since its motive medium is gas, , light in weight, rich in medium resources, and pollution-free. Due to the low viscosity of the gas, the resistance between the gas and the air pressure cylinder is small. A blade reinforcing rib 50 is also installed between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102, so that the connection strength between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102 can be increased; The first sealing strip 60 is equipped with a first sealing strip 70 at the end of the blade body 102 near the second blade tip 104, so that rainwater and dust can be prevented from entering the blade unit. When the vertical wind generator is working, it can It prevents the formation of convection at both ends of the cross section of the blade unit and affects the working efficiency of the vertical wind power generator.

As shown in Figure 4, a cooling system is provided in the generator unit 2, including fan blades 24, cooler 25, sealing disc 26, fan 27, and generator stator 2021, rotor 2022, exciter stator 2031 and exciter The air duct 15 on the rotor 2032; as shown in Figure 15, the fan blades 24 are installed obliquely on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011, each fan blade 24 is arc-shaped, and the sealing disc 26 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 and located above the internal exciter 203 at the upper end of the inner bracket 2012, the fan 27 is installed on the sealing disk 26; the cooler 25 is installed on the sealing disk 26 and is located above the fan 27; on the lower end of the inner bracket 2012 There is an air outlet 29, and an air inlet 33 is arranged on the upper end of the inner bracket 2012, and the air inlet 33 is located above the sealing disc 26, and the air outlet 29, the air inlet 33 and the bracket air duct 2013 are connected; An external cooler 34 is arranged inside the column 1 , and the cooler 25 is connected to the external cooler 34 through a liquid inlet pipe 35 and a liquid outlet pipe 36 .

As shown in Figure 17, a crane 80 is provided on the top of the tower column 1, and the crane 80 includes a slewing tower 801, a boom 802, a balance arm 803, a balance weight 804, a lifting trolley 805, a guide rail 806, a crane Hook 807, cable 808, lift mechanism 809 and control system (not shown). The revolving tower 801 is connected to the top of the tower column 1, the lifting arm 802 and the balance arm 803 are installed on the revolving tower 801, and the revolving tower 801 can rotate 360°; the balance weight 804 is installed on one end of the balance arm 803; 806 is arranged on the boom 802, and the lifting trolley 805 is arranged on the guide rail 806, and the lifting trolley 805 can move forward and backward on the guide rail 806; One end is connected, and the other end of the dragline 808 is connected with the lifting mechanism 809, and the lifting mechanism 809 controls the lifting of the suspension hook 807. In addition, a balance arm pull rod 810 is provided between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the balance arm 803, one end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the balance arm 803; A boom tie rod 811 is arranged between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the boom 802, one end of the boom tie rod 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the boom tie rod 811 is connected to the boom 802. Fixed connection; the balance arm pull rod 810 and the boom pull rod 811 ensure the structural stability of the crane 80 and improve the lifting load of the crane 80 .

As shown in Figure 3, a lifting system is provided inside the tower column 1, and the lifting system is an elevator 37, and the elevator 37 includes a car 371 and a car lifting mechanism 372, and the car 371 is formed by a car. Lifting mechanism 372 realizes lifting.

The outer rings of the first bearing 4, the second bearing 5 and the third bearing 6 are provided with braking devices (not shown).

The operation process of the above-mentioned vertical wind generator mainly includes the power generation of the wind generator, the cooling of the generator, the starting of the generator as a motor, and the maintenance and inspection of the vertical wind generator. The working principles of several parts are described below.

The working principle of the vertical wind generator power generation: the blade 3 starts to rotate under the push of the wind, and the blade 3 generates torque after the rotation, and the torque generated by the blade 3 is transmitted to the fourth flange 10 through the upper end of the blade 3 and passed through the blade 3. The lower end of the blade is transmitted to the third flange 9. At this time, the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10 rotate together with the blade 3, and the torque transmitted to the fourth flange 10 is transmitted to the third flange through the connecting piece 23. The flange 9 and the third flange 9 pass the torque to the support 201 through the seventh flange 13, the second flange 8 and the sixth flange 12 in turn, and the support 201 drives the rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, so that the rotor 2022 It rotates around the stator 2021, and the exciter rotor 2032 rotates around the exciter stator 2031. During the rotation of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter rotor winding in the exciter rotor 2032 generates an alternating current, and then, the alternating current is converted by the rotating rectification device 161 Converted into a direct current and sent to the rotor winding of the generator rotor 2022, the generator rotor winding generates a magnetic field after passing through the direct current, due to the rotation of the generator rotor 2022, the generator rotor winding will generate a magnetic field close to the sinusoidal distribution, the generator The generator stator winding on the stator 2021 moves to cut the magnetic field line relative to the generator rotor winding, and induces a three-phase AC potential in the generator stator winding, so as to achieve the purpose of power generation. In this structure, due to the arrangement of the third flange 9, the fourth flange 10 and the connecting piece 23, the torque generated by the blade 3 is not only transmitted to the third flange 9 through the lower end of the blade 3, but also through the upper end of the blade 3. It is transmitted to the fourth flange 10, and the fourth flange 10 transmits the torque to the third flange 9 through the connecting piece 23. In this way, the force on the upper and lower ends of the blade 3 is balanced, so that the blade 3 is not easy to deform, so , the blades 3 are not easily damaged, which improves the service life of the vertical wind power generator. As shown in Figure 6, during the rotation of the blade 3, when the wind force is small, the first blade tip 103 and the second blade tip 104 are in an open state, so that the area of the windward side of the blade 3 is large, and the power of the vertical wind generator is large; As shown in Figure 7, when the wind force becomes stronger, the first blade tip 103 moves toward the frame 101 along the first guide rail group under the action of the first air pressure system 95, and the first blade tip 103 shrinks, and at the same time, the second blade tip 104 Under the action of the second air pressure system 96, it moves along the second guide rail group 2 toward the skeleton 101, and the second blade tip 104 shrinks. At this time, the area of the windward side of the blade 3 decreases, and the power of the vertical generator is automatically adjusted. , adopting this structure can prevent the failure of the vertical wind power generator caused by excessive wind speed.

The working principle of the cooling system is: the fan 27 works to form a wind flow, and the cold wind reaches the lower end of the generator through the air duct 15 of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031, the rotor 2022 and the stator 2021, and plays the role of cooling the exciter and the generator , at this time, the cold air becomes hot air, and enters into the bracket air duct 2013 through the air outlet 29, where heat exchange is performed with the outside air through the outer bracket 2011, so that the hot air in the air flow becomes cold air, and then the air flow enters through the air inlet 33 Cooler 25, where the air flow is further cooled, and then flows into the inner cavity of the wind power generator through the fan 27 to form an internal circulation. Outside the rotor outer bracket 2011, since the fan blades 24 are installed, and the fan blades 24 are installed on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011 obliquely, when the bracket 201 rotates, the fan blades 24 also rotate together. At this time, on the fan blades 24 The wind pressure difference between the upper and lower sides is formed, so that the outside air close to the generator forms a wind flow from high pressure to low pressure, that is, an external circulation is formed, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the wind flow in the internal circulation and the outside world, thus improving the power generation efficiency. The cooling effect of the machine improves the service life of the generator.

The working process of the external cooler 34 and the cooler 25 is: the outer cooler 34 delivers cooling liquid to the cooler 25 through the inlet pipe 35, and exchanges heat with the wind in the internal circulation in the cooler 25, and then becomes Hot water flows into the external cooler 34 through the liquid outlet pipe 36 for cooling, and then continues to circulate as the above process, which improves the cooling effect of the air flow in the internal circulation in the cooler 25, thereby improving the cooling effect of the generator and improving the service life of the generator.

The working process of the starting of the generator as a motor is: (1) motor operation: as shown in Figure 10, when the wind generator is at low wind speed or difficult to start, the excitation control device 16 is disconnected from the grid 17, and the exciter stator winding The current is zero, the generator is running in the motoring mode, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17, and the grid 17 provides AC current to the generator stator winding through the bidirectional frequency converter 15, at this time, a current is generated in the air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022 A rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field generates relative motion with the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator winding cuts the magnetic force line to generate an induced electromotive force in the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator rotor winding and the resistance winding are closed. Induced current appears in the rotor winding and damping winding 38, and the rotating magnetic field interacts with the induced current to generate electromagnetic torque to make the rotor 2022 of the generator rotate and realize asynchronous operation, thereby solving the problem of the wind turbine at low wind speed or difficult to start . When the generator operates as a motor, the rotating speed of the generator as a motor is adjusted by adjusting the output frequency of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 . (2) Generator operation: When the wind speed increases and the generator speed meets the cut-in wind speed, first let the generator run in the above-mentioned motor state, and drive the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the alternating current is induced in the exciter rotor winding. After being rectified by the rotating rectifying device 161, the DC current is input into the rotor winding of the generator, and the stator winding of the generator induces a three-phase alternating current. At this time, the two-way frequency converter 15 is controlled to temporarily stop working, the generator exits the motor working state, and the torque generated by the blade 3 drives the bracket 201 to rotate, and the bracket 201 drives the generator rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the excitation control device 16 was put into work, and the generators began to operate as synchronous generators. After the motor is converted into a generator, the bidirectional frequency converter 15 is put into operation again, and the three-phase alternating current in the stator winding of the generator is rectified and filtered by the bidirectional frequency converter 15, and then connected to the power grid 17 to implement generator operation. When the wind speed changes, the rotational speed of the generator changes accordingly, and the frequency of the induced current in the stator winding of the generator also changes. At this time, the operating parameters of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 can be adjusted to ensure that the output frequency remains unchanged, and realize variable speed and constant frequency. run. When the generator is running in the generator state, the excitation current obtained by the rotor winding of the generator is adjusted by adjusting the current output of the excitation control device 16, so as to realize the adjustment of the output power of the generator. (3) When the wind speed exceeds a certain range, the connection between the excitation control device 16 and the power grid 17 is disconnected, and the two-way frequency converter 15 is also disconnected from the generator. The power generation system does not consume or output electric energy. At the same time, the brake The device can also limit the rotational speed of the generator to prevent the wind turbine from being damaged.

The maintenance and detection of the vertical wind power generator is realized through the lifting system and the crane 80. The realization process is: the operator can reach any generator unit 2 in the tower column 1 through the lifting system, and can also reach the crane 90, The operator can operate on the suspension hook 807 in the crane 90, and the suspension hook 807 is connected with the hoisting mechanism 809 by a drag cable 808. Like this, the vertical position of the suspension hook 807 can be adjusted. Lifting trolley 805, lifting trolley 805 can slide on guide rail 806, like this, can adjust the position of suspension hook 807 in the horizontal direction, because slewing tower 801 can rotate 360 °, therefore, operator can be on the vertical wind turbine Maintenance and testing can be carried out anywhere, without the need to build maintenance towers and other large-scale equipment, which greatly saves maintenance costs and time for maintenance and testing.

third embodiment

The vertical wind power generator shown in Figures 1 to 3 includes a tower column 1, more than one generator unit 2, more than two blades 3, a first bearing 4, a second bearing 5, a third bearing 6, a A flange 7, a second flange 8, a third flange 9, a fourth flange 10, a fifth flange 11, a sixth flange 12, and a seventh flange 13. In this embodiment, the generator unit 2 is one, the blade 3 is two pieces, the central axis of the tower column 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the tower column 1 is a hollow structure.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the generator unit 2 includes a bracket 201 , a generator 202 and an exciter 203 .

3 and 4, the bracket 201 is composed of an outer bracket 2011 and an inner bracket 2012, the outer bracket 2011 is arranged outside the inner bracket 2012, and a bracket air duct 2013 is formed between the outer bracket 2011 and the inner bracket 2012.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the generator 202 includes a stator 2021 and a rotor 2022, the stator 2021 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the rotor 2022 is arranged outside the stator 2021, and is fixedly installed on the inner bracket 2012 On the inner wall, the stator 2021 is provided with a generator stator winding (not shown), and the rotor 2022 is provided with a generator rotor winding (not shown), and there is an air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022, and the stator 2021 And rotor 2022 is provided with air passage 15; On rotor 2022, damping winding 38 is installed, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, damping winding 38 comprises end ring 381 and damping bar 382, and damping bar 382 is installed on the end ring 381 .

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 includes an exciter stator 2031 and an exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the exciter rotor 2032 is arranged on the exciter stator 2031 outside, and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner bracket 2012, the exciter stator 2031 is provided with an exciter stator winding (not shown), and the exciter rotor 2032 is provided with an exciter rotor winding (not shown), and the exciter stator There is an air gap 14 between the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032, and the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032 are provided with an air duct 15; as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 is installed in the generator Above the machine 202, of course, as shown in Figure 16, the exciter 203 can also be installed below the generator 202.

As shown in Figure 10, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17 through a bidirectional frequency converter 15, and the generator stator winding is connected to the exciter stator winding through a bidirectional frequency converter 15 and an exciter control device 16; the generator rotor winding is connected through a rotating rectifier 161 is connected with the exciter rotor winding.

As shown in Figure 3, a stator bracket 2023 is provided on the lower end surface of the generator stator 2021, and the stator bracket 2023 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the stator bracket 2023 plays the role of supporting the stator 2021, improving The firmness and position accuracy of the stator 2021 installed on the tower column 1 are ensured; the exciter stator bracket 2033 is arranged on the lower end surface of the exciter stator 2031, and the exciter stator bracket 2033 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 , The exciter stator bracket 2033 plays the role of supporting the exciter stator 2031, improving the firmness and position accuracy of the exciter stator 2031 installed on the tower column 1.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the fifth flange 11, the first flange 7, and the first bearing 4 are sequentially arranged below the bracket 201 from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the fifth flange 11 is welded It is connected with the lower end surface of the bracket 201; the cross-sections of the upper and lower ends of the first flange 7 are not equal, as shown in Figure 4, the first flange 7 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the first The flange 7 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the first flange 7 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the first flange 7 is stepped, of course, the first flange 7 is not limited to the above Four structures, the large end of the first flange 7 is connected to the fifth flange 11 through bolts or welding, and the small end of the first flange 7 is connected to the outer surface of the first bearing 4 through bolts or welding or interference fit. Ring connection; the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the lower end surface of the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is provided with a first bearing bracket 18, the first bearing bracket 18 The fixed sleeve is mounted on the outer wall of the tower column 1.

The first flange 7 of frustoconical or trumpet shape is adopted, and the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the first flange 7 is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the first flange 7, therefore, enhanced The strength of the first flange is capable of withstanding a relatively large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the first bearing 4 is reduced, which reduces the cost of the vertical wind power generator; The flange 7 can be processed with ordinary equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the fifth flange 11 is set to facilitate the connection between the first flange 7 and the bracket 201; The first bearing bracket 18 is used to support the first bearing 4 and all parts acting on the first bearing 4, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the first bearing 4 are improved, and the power generation is also improved. The stability of the machine structure.

As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the sixth flange 12, the second flange 8, and the second bearing 5 are sequentially arranged above the support 201 from bottom to top; the sixth flange 12 is connected to the upper end surface of the support 201 by welding Above, the cross sections of the upper and lower ends of the sixth flange 12 are unequal, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, the second flange 8 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, the second flange 8 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the second flange 8 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the second flange 8 is stepped, of course, the second flange 8 is not limited to the above four structure, the big end of the second flange 8 is connected to the sixth flange 12 by bolts or welding; the inner ring of the second bearing 8 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1; the seventh The flange 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 by interference fit, and the lower end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the small end of the second flange 8 by bolts or welding; A second bearing bracket 19 is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring, and the second bearing bracket 19 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 .

The second flange 8 of frustoconical or trumpet shape is adopted, and the cross section of the second flange 8 from the large end to the small end is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the second flange 8, therefore, enhanced The strength of the second flange is capable of withstanding a relatively large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 is reduced, which reduces the cost of the vertical wind power generator; The flange 8 can be processed with common equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the sixth flange 12 is set to facilitate the connection between the second flange 8 and the bracket 201; The second bearing bracket 19 is used to support the second bearing 5 and all parts acting on the second bearing 5, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the second bearing 5 are improved, and the power generation is also improved. The stability of the machine structure.

As shown in Figure 3, the inner ring of the third bearing 6 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and is located above the second bearing 5, and a third bearing is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring of the third bearing 6 The bearing bracket 20, the third bearing bracket 20 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the third bearing bracket 20 is used to support the third bearing 6 and all parts acting on the third bearing 6, therefore, The installation firmness and position accuracy of the third bearing 6 are improved, and the stability of the generator structure is also improved.

The upper end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the third flange 9 by bolts or welding, and the fourth flange 10 is connected to the outer ring of the third bearing 6 by bolts or welding. Between the fourth flange 10, there is a connecting piece 23 for transmitting torque. As shown in FIG. 12, the connecting piece 23 shown is a hollow tube. As shown in FIG. The connecting rod 231, the upper end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the fourth flange 10, the lower end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the third flange 9, and the connecting rod 231 is arranged outside the tower column 1 and connected with the tower On the concentric circumference of the cross section of the column 1, a reinforcing rib 232 is welded on the connecting rod 231 to enhance the strength of the connecting piece 23; a hollow tube is used as the connecting piece 23, which has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and has low production cost, and the hollow tube When rotating with the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10, the rotation resistance will not be formed at the hollow tube to affect the power of the wind generator, therefore, the power generation efficiency of the wind generator is greatly improved; multiple connecting rods are used 231 is used as a connector, which has a simple structure and can reduce the weight of the vertical wind generator; as shown in Figure 3, two eighth flanges 21 are connected on the outer circumference of the third flange 9, and in the fourth method Two ninth flanges 22 are connected to the outer circumference of the flange 10, the lower end of the blade 3 is connected to the third flange 9 through the eighth flange 21, and the upper end of the blade 3 is connected to the fourth flange 22 through the ninth flange. Flange 10 connection. The eighth flange 21 and the ninth flange 22 are provided to facilitate the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the blade 3 .

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 26 to Fig. 29, the vertical wind power generator blade 3 is composed of three blade units 31; as shown in Fig. 26, the cross section of the blade unit 31 is olive-shaped with a large middle and a small two ends , and one of the two small ends is arc-shaped, and the other end is pointed. The blade unit 31 adopts this cross-sectional structure, which has a high utilization rate of wind energy. The blade unit 31 includes a skeleton 101, a blade body 102, a first blade tip 103 and a second blade tip 104; the blade body 102 is installed on the skeleton 103, and the skeleton 103 is inside the blade body 102; The tip 103 is arranged at one end of the airfoil 102 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1031 of the first blade tip 103 is arc-shaped, and the head 1032 of the first blade tip 103 extends into the airfoil 102; The second blade tip 104 is arranged on the end of the blade body 102 opposite to the first blade tip 103 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1041 of the second blade tip 104 is the tip, and the second blade tip The head 1042 of 104 extends into the airfoil 102; as shown in Fig. 26 and Fig. 29, a first guide rail group (not shown) is provided between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103, between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103 A second rail set 32 is provided between the two blade tips 104; as shown in FIG. 26 , a first screw rod 2100, a first nut 2200, a first motor 2300, The first moving device of more than two first linear bearings 2400 and the first bearing seat 2500 equal in number to the first linear bearings, the first linear bearings 2400 are two, and the corresponding first bearing There are also two seats 2500, the first bearing seat 2500 is installed on the airfoil 102, the first linear bearing 2400 is installed in the first bearing seat 2500, and the first nut 2200 is installed on the first blade tip 103, one end of the first screw 2100 is connected to the first motor 2300, the first screw 2100 passes through the first linear bearing 2400, the first screw 2100 is engaged with the first nut 2200, and the A first coupling 2600 is provided between the first motor 2300 and the first screw rod 2100; as shown in Figure 26 and Figure 29, a second screw rod 3100, The second moving device of the second nut 3200, the second motor 3300, more than two second linear bearings 3400 and the second bearing seat 3500 equal in number to the second linear bearings, the number of the second linear bearings 3400 is two , there are also two corresponding second bearing seats 3500, the second bearing seats 3500 are installed on the airfoil 102, the second linear bearings 3400 are installed in the second bearing seats 3500, and the second nuts 3200 Installed on the second blade tip 104, one end of the second screw rod 3100 is connected with the second motor 3300, the second screw rod 3100 passes through the second linear bearing 3400, the second screw rod 3100 is in phase with the second nut 3200 meshing, a second coupling 3600 is provided between the second motor 3300 and the second screw rod 3100; screw rods, nuts, and linear bearings are used as moving devices, and the transmission precision is high. As shown in Figure 26, a reinforcing rib 50 is also installed between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102, so that the connection strength between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102 can be increased; The first sealing strip 60 is installed on the top of the blade body 102, and the first sealing strip 70 is installed on the end of the blade body 102 close to the second blade tip 104. In this way, rainwater and dust can be prevented from entering the blade unit. , it can prevent the formation of convection at both ends of the cross section of the blade unit and affect the working efficiency of the vertical wind power generator.

As shown in Figure 4, a cooling system is provided in the generator unit 2, including fan blades 24, cooler 25, sealing disc 26, fan 27, and generator stator 2021, rotor 2022, exciter stator 2031 and exciter The air duct 15 on the rotor 2032; as shown in Figure 15, the fan blades 24 are installed obliquely on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011, each fan blade 24 is arc-shaped, and the sealing disc 26 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 and located above the internal exciter 203 at the upper end of the inner bracket 2012, the fan 27 is installed on the sealing disk 26; the cooler 25 is installed on the sealing disk 26 and is located above the fan 27; on the lower end of the inner bracket 2012 There is an air outlet 29, and an air inlet 33 is arranged on the upper end of the inner bracket 2012, and the air inlet 33 is located above the sealing disc 26, and the air outlet 28, the air inlet 33 and the bracket air duct 2013 are connected; An external cooler 34 is arranged inside the column 1 , and the cooler 25 is connected to the external cooler 34 through a liquid inlet pipe 35 and a liquid outlet pipe 36 .

As shown in Figure 17, a crane 80 is provided on the top of the tower column 1, and the crane 80 includes a slewing tower 801, a boom 802, a balance arm 803, a balance weight 804, a lifting trolley 805, a guide rail 806, a crane Hook 807, cable 808, lift mechanism 809 and control system (not shown). The revolving tower 801 is connected to the top of the tower column 1, the lifting arm 802 and the balance arm 803 are installed on the revolving tower 801, and the revolving tower 801 can rotate 360°; the balance weight 804 is installed on one end of the balance arm 803; 806 is arranged on the boom 802, and the lifting trolley 805 is arranged on the guide rail 806, and the lifting trolley 805 can move forward and backward on the guide rail 806; One end is connected, and the other end of the dragline 808 is connected with the lifting mechanism 809, and the lifting mechanism 809 controls the lifting of the suspension hook 807. In addition, a balance arm pull rod 810 is provided between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the balance arm 803, one end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the balance arm 803; A boom tie rod 811 is arranged between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the boom 802, one end of the boom tie rod 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the boom tie rod 811 is connected to the boom 802. Fixed connection; the balance arm pull rod 810 and the boom pull rod 811 ensure the structural stability of the crane 80 and improve the lifting load of the crane 80 .

As shown in Figure 3, a lifting system is provided inside the tower column 1, and the lifting system is an elevator 37, and the elevator 37 includes a car 371 and a car lifting mechanism 372, and the car 371 is formed by a car. Lifting mechanism 372 realizes lifting.

The outer rings of the first bearing 4, the second bearing 5 and the third bearing 6 are provided with braking devices (not shown).

The operation process of the above-mentioned vertical wind generator mainly includes the power generation of the wind generator, the cooling of the generator, the starting of the generator as a motor, and the maintenance and inspection of the vertical wind generator. The working principles of several parts are described below.

The working principle of the vertical wind generator power generation: the blade 3 starts to rotate under the push of the wind, and the blade 3 generates torque after the rotation, and the torque generated by the blade 3 is transmitted to the fourth flange 10 through the upper end of the blade 3 and passed through the blade 3. The lower end of the blade is transmitted to the third flange 9. At this time, the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10 rotate together with the blade 3, and the torque transmitted to the fourth flange 10 is transmitted to the third flange through the connecting piece 23. The flange 9 and the third flange 9 pass the torque to the support 201 through the seventh flange 13, the second flange 8 and the sixth flange 12 in turn, and the support 201 drives the rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, so that the rotor 2022 It rotates around the stator 2021, and the exciter rotor 2032 rotates around the exciter stator 2031. During the rotation of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter rotor winding in the exciter rotor 2032 generates an alternating current, and then, the alternating current is converted by the rotating rectification device 161 Converted into direct current and sent to the rotor winding of the generator rotor 2022, the generator rotor winding generates a magnetic field after being fed with direct current, due to the rotation of the generator rotor 2022, the generator winding will generate a magnetic field close to a sinusoidal distribution, and the generator stator The generator stator winding on the 2021 moves to cut the magnetic field line relative to the generator rotor winding, and induces a three-phase AC potential in the generator stator winding, so as to achieve the purpose of power generation. In this structure, due to the arrangement of the third flange 9, the fourth flange 10 and the connecting piece 23, the torque generated by the blade 3 is not only transmitted to the third flange 9 through the lower end of the blade 3, but also through the upper end of the blade 3. It is transmitted to the fourth flange 10, and the fourth flange 10 transmits the torque to the third flange 9 through the connecting piece 23. In this way, the force on the upper and lower ends of the blade 3 is balanced, so that the blade 3 is not easy to deform, so , the blades 3 are not easily damaged, which improves the service life of the vertical wind power generator. As shown in Figure 6, during the rotation of the blade 3, when the wind force is small, the first blade tip 103 and the second blade tip 104 are in an open state, so that the area of the windward side of the blade 3 is large, and the power of the vertical wind generator is large; As shown in Figure 7, when the wind force becomes stronger, the first blade tip 103 moves toward the frame 101 along the first guide rail group under the action of the first moving device, the first blade tip 103 shrinks, and at the same time, the second blade tip 104 Under the action of the second moving device, the second guide rail group 2 moves toward the skeleton 101, and the second blade tip 104 shrinks. At this time, the area of the windward side of the blade 3 is reduced, and the power of the vertical generator is automatically adjusted. This structure can prevent the failure of the vertical wind power generator caused by excessive wind speed.

The working principle of the cooling system is: the fan 27 works to form a wind flow, and the cold wind reaches the lower end of the generator through the air duct 15 of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031, the rotor 2022 and the stator 2021, and plays the role of cooling the exciter and the generator , at this time, the cold air becomes hot air, and enters into the bracket air duct 2013 through the air outlet 29, where heat exchange is performed with the outside air through the outer bracket 2011, so that the hot air in the air flow becomes cold air, and then the air flow enters through the air inlet 33 Cooler 25, where the air flow is further cooled, and then flows into the inner cavity of the wind power generator through the fan 27 to form an internal circulation. Outside the rotor outer bracket 2011, since the fan blades 24 are installed, and the fan blades 24 are installed on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011 obliquely, when the bracket 201 rotates, the fan blades 24 also rotate together. At this time, on the fan blades 24 The wind pressure difference between the upper and lower sides is formed, so that the outside air close to the generator forms a wind flow from high pressure to low pressure, that is, an external circulation is formed, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the wind flow in the internal circulation and the outside world, thus improving the power generation efficiency. The cooling effect of the machine improves the service life of the generator.

The working process of the external cooler 34 and the cooler 25 is: the outer cooler 34 delivers cooling liquid to the cooler 25 through the inlet pipe 35, and exchanges heat with the wind in the internal circulation in the cooler 25, and then becomes Hot water flows into the external cooler 34 through the liquid outlet pipe 36 for cooling, and then continues to circulate as the above process, which improves the cooling effect of the air flow in the inner circulation in the cooler 25, thereby improving the cooling effect of the generator and increasing The service life of large generators.

The working process of the starting of the generator as a motor is: (1) motor operation: as shown in Figure 10, when the wind generator is at low wind speed or difficult to start, the excitation control device 16 is disconnected from the grid 17, and the exciter stator winding The current is zero, the generator is running in the motoring mode, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17, and the grid 17 provides AC current to the generator stator winding through the bidirectional frequency converter 15, at this time, a current is generated in the air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022 A rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field generates relative motion with the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator winding cuts the magnetic force line to generate an induced electromotive force in the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator rotor winding and the resistance winding are closed. Induced current appears in the rotor winding and damping winding 38, and the rotating magnetic field interacts with the induced current to generate electromagnetic torque to make the rotor 2022 of the generator rotate and realize asynchronous operation, thereby solving the problem of the wind turbine at low wind speed or difficult to start . When the generator operates as a motor, the rotating speed of the generator as a motor is adjusted by adjusting the output frequency of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 . (2) Generator operation: When the wind speed increases and the generator speed meets the cut-in wind speed, first let the generator run in the above-mentioned motor state, and drive the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the alternating current is induced in the exciter rotor winding. After being rectified by the rotating rectifying device 161, the DC current is input into the rotor winding of the generator, and the stator winding of the generator induces a three-phase alternating current. At this time, the two-way frequency converter 15 is controlled to temporarily stop working, the generator exits the motor working state, and the torque generated by the blade 3 drives the bracket 201 to rotate, and the bracket 201 drives the generator rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the excitation control device 16 was put into work, and the generators began to operate as synchronous generators. After the motor is converted into a generator, the bidirectional frequency converter 15 is put into operation again, and the three-phase alternating current in the stator winding of the generator is rectified and filtered by the bidirectional frequency converter 15, and then connected to the power grid 17 to implement generator operation. When the wind speed changes, the rotational speed of the generator changes accordingly, and the frequency of the induced current in the stator winding of the generator also changes. At this time, the operating parameters of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 can be adjusted to ensure that the output frequency remains unchanged, and realize variable speed and constant frequency. run. When the generator is running in the generator state, the excitation current obtained by the rotor winding of the generator is adjusted by adjusting the current output of the excitation control device 16, so as to realize the adjustment of the output power of the generator. (3) When the wind speed exceeds a certain range, the connection between the excitation control device 16 and the power grid 17 is disconnected, and the two-way frequency converter 15 is also disconnected from the generator. The power generation system does not consume or output electric energy. At the same time, the brake The device can also limit the rotational speed of the generator to prevent the wind turbine from being damaged.

The maintenance and detection of the vertical wind power generator is realized through the lifting system and the crane 80. The realization process is: the operator can reach any generator unit 2 in the tower column 1 through the lifting system, and can also reach the crane 90, The operator can operate on the suspension hook 807 in the crane 90, and the suspension hook 807 is connected with the hoisting mechanism 809 by a drag cable 808. Like this, the vertical position of the suspension hook 807 can be adjusted. Lifting trolley 805, lifting trolley 805 can slide on guide rail 806, like this, can adjust the position of suspension hook 807 in the horizontal direction, because slewing tower 801 can rotate 360 °, therefore, operator can be on the vertical wind turbine Maintenance and testing can be carried out anywhere, without the need to build maintenance towers and other large-scale equipment, which greatly saves maintenance costs and time for maintenance and testing.

Fourth Embodiment

The vertical wind power generator shown in Figure 320 to Figure 322 includes a tower column 1, more than one generator unit 2, more than two blades 3, a first bearing 4, a second bearing 5, a third bearing 6, a A flange 7, a second flange 8, a third flange 9, a fourth flange 10, a fifth flange 11, a sixth flange 12, and a seventh flange 13. In this embodiment, the generator unit 2 is two, the blade 3 is two pieces, the central axis of the tower column 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the tower column 1 is a hollow structure. Two generator units 2 are used to increase the power generation capacity, and both power generation units 2 are installed on the tower column 1, which greatly reduces the occupied area and saves land resources.

As shown in FIG. 32 and FIG. 4 , the generator unit 2 includes a bracket 201 , a generator 202 and an exciter 203 .

32 and 4, the bracket 201 is composed of an outer bracket 2011 and an inner bracket 2012, the outer bracket 2011 is arranged outside the inner bracket 2012, and a bracket air duct 2013 is formed between the outer bracket 2011 and the inner bracket 2012.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the generator 202 includes a stator 2021 and a rotor 2022, the stator 2021 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the rotor 2022 is arranged outside the stator 2021, and is fixedly installed on the inner bracket 2012 On the inner wall, the stator 2021 is provided with a generator stator winding (not shown), and the rotor 2022 is provided with a generator rotor winding (not shown), and there is an air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022, and the stator 2021 And rotor 2022 is provided with air passage 15; On rotor 2022, damping winding 38 is installed, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, damping winding 38 comprises end ring 381 and damping bar 382, and damping bar 382 is installed on the end ring 381 .

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 includes an exciter stator 2031 and an exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the exciter rotor 2032 is arranged on the exciter stator 2031 outside, and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner bracket 2012, the exciter stator 2031 is provided with an exciter stator winding (not shown), and the exciter rotor 2032 is provided with an exciter rotor winding (not shown), and the exciter stator There is an air gap 14 between the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032, and the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032 are provided with an air duct 15; as shown in Figure 32, the exciter 203 is installed on the generator 202 Above, of course, as shown in FIG. 16 , the exciter 203 can also be installed below the generator 202 .

As shown in Figure 10, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17 through a bidirectional frequency converter 15, and the generator stator winding is connected to the exciter stator winding through a bidirectional frequency converter 15 and an exciter control device 16; the generator rotor winding is connected through a rotating rectifier 161 is connected with the exciter rotor winding.

As shown in Figure 32, a stator bracket 2023 is provided on the lower end surface of the generator stator 2021, and the stator bracket 2023 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the stator bracket 2023 plays the role of supporting the stator 2021, improving The firmness and position accuracy of the stator 2021 installed on the tower column 1 are ensured; the exciter stator bracket 2033 is arranged on the lower end surface of the exciter stator 2031, and the exciter stator bracket 2033 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 , The exciter stator bracket 2033 plays the role of supporting the exciter stator 2031, improving the firmness and position accuracy of the exciter stator 2031 installed on the tower column 1.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the fifth flange 11, the first flange 7, and the first bearing 4 are sequentially arranged below the bracket 201 from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the fifth flange 11 is welded It is connected with the lower end surface of the bracket 201; the cross-sections of the upper and lower ends of the first flange 7 are not equal, as shown in Figure 4, the first flange 7 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the first The flange 7 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the first flange 7 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the first flange 7 is stepped, of course, the first flange 7 is not limited to the above Four structures, the large end of the first flange 7 is connected to the fifth flange 11 through bolts or welding, and the small end of the first flange 7 is connected to the outer surface of the first bearing 4 through bolts or welding or interference fit. Ring connection; the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the lower end surface of the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is provided with a first bearing bracket 18, the first bearing bracket 18 The fixed sleeve is mounted on the outer wall of the tower column 1.

The first flange 7 of frustoconical or trumpet shape is adopted, and the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the first flange 7 is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the first flange 7, therefore, enhanced The strength of the first flange is capable of withstanding a relatively large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the first bearing 4 is reduced, which reduces the cost of the vertical wind power generator; The flange 7 can be processed with ordinary equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the fifth flange 11 is set to facilitate the connection between the first flange 7 and the bracket 201; The first bearing bracket 18 is used to support the first bearing 4 and all parts acting on the first bearing 4, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the first bearing 4 are improved, and the power generation is also improved. The stability of the machine structure.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the sixth flange 12, the second flange 8, and the second bearing 5 are sequentially arranged above the bracket 201 from bottom to top; the sixth flange 12 is connected to the upper end surface of the bracket 201 by welding Above, the cross sections of the upper and lower ends of the sixth flange 12 are not equal, as shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the second flange 8 is in the shape of a frustum of a cone, as shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, the second flange 8 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the second flange 8 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the second flange 8 is stepped, of course, the second flange 8 is not limited to the above four structure, the big end of the second flange 8 is connected to the sixth flange 12 by bolts or welding; the inner ring of the second bearing 8 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1; the seventh The flange 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 by interference fit, and the lower end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the small end of the second flange 8 by bolts or welding; A second bearing bracket 19 is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring, and the second bearing bracket 19 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 .

The second flange 8 of frustoconical or trumpet shape is adopted, and the cross-section of the second flange 8 from the large end to the small end is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the second flange 8. Therefore, the reinforced The strength of the second flange is capable of withstanding a relatively large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 is reduced, which reduces the cost of the vertical wind power generator; The flange 8 can be processed with common equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the sixth flange 12 is set to facilitate the connection between the second flange 8 and the bracket 201; The second bearing bracket 19 is used to support the second bearing 5 and all parts acting on the second bearing 5, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the second bearing 5 are improved, and the power generation is also improved. The stability of the machine structure.

As shown in Figure 32, the inner ring of the third bearing 6 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 and is located above the second bearing 5, and a third bearing is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring of the third bearing 6. The bearing bracket 20, the third bearing bracket 20 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the third bearing bracket 20 is used to support the third bearing 6 and all parts acting on the third bearing 6, therefore, The installation firmness and position accuracy of the third bearing 6 are improved, and the stability of the generator structure is also improved.

The upper end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the third flange 9 by bolts or welding, and the fourth flange 10 is connected to the outer ring of the third bearing 6 by bolts or welding. Between the fourth flange 10, there is a connecting piece 23 for transmitting torque. As shown in FIG. 12, the connecting piece 23 shown is a hollow tube. As shown in FIG. The connecting rod 231, the upper end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the fourth flange 10, the lower end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the third flange 9, and the connecting rod 231 is arranged outside the tower column 1 and connected with the tower On the concentric circumference of the cross section of the column 1, a reinforcing rib 232 is welded on the connecting rod 231 to enhance the strength of the connecting piece 23; a hollow tube is used as the connecting piece 23, which has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and has low production cost, and the hollow tube When rotating with the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10, the rotation resistance will not be formed at the hollow tube to affect the power of the wind generator, therefore, the power generation efficiency of the wind generator is greatly improved; multiple connecting rods are used 231 is used as a connector, which has a simple structure and can reduce the weight of the vertical wind turbine; as shown in Figure 32, two eighth flanges 21 are connected on the outer circumference of the third flange 9, and in the fourth method Two ninth flanges 22 are connected to the outer circumference of the flange 10, the lower end of the blade 3 is connected to the third flange 9 through the eighth flange 21, and the upper end of the blade 3 is connected to the fourth flange 22 through the ninth flange. Flange 10 connection. The eighth flange 21 and the ninth flange 22 are provided to facilitate the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the blade 3 .

The vertical wind generator blade 3 shown in Figure 5 to Figure 6, said blade 3 is made up of three blade units 31; One of the two small ends is arc-shaped, and the other end is pointed. The blade unit 31 adopts this cross-sectional structure, which has a high utilization rate of wind energy. The blade unit 31 includes a skeleton 101, a blade body 102, a first blade tip 103 and a second blade tip 104; the blade body 102 is installed on the skeleton 103, and the skeleton 103 is inside the blade body 102; The tip 103 is arranged at one end of the airfoil 102 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1031 of the first blade tip 103 is arc-shaped, and the head 1032 of the first blade tip 103 extends into the airfoil 102; The second blade tip 104 is arranged on the end of the blade body 102 opposite to the first blade tip 103 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1041 of the second blade tip 104 is the tip, and the second blade tip The head 1042 of 104 protrudes into the airfoil 102; as shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 8, a first guide rail group (not shown) is provided between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103, between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103 A second rail set 32 is provided between the two blade tips 104; a first hydraulic system 30 is provided between the skeleton 101 and the first blade tip 103, and a second hydraulic system 40 is provided between the skeleton 101 and the second blade tip 104 , the first hydraulic system 30 includes a first hydraulic pump (not shown), a first hydraulic valve (not shown), a first hydraulic pipe (not shown) and a first hydraulic cylinder 301, as shown in FIG. 9 Shown, the first hydraulic cylinder 301 includes a first hydraulic cylinder 302, a first piston 303, a first piston rod 304 and a first sealing device 305, the first piston 303 is installed in the first hydraulic cylinder 302, the first One end of a piston rod 304 is connected with the first piston 303, and the other end is connected with the first blade tip 103, the first hydraulic cylinder block 302 is fixed on the skeleton 101, and the first sealing device 305 is installed in the first hydraulic cylinder block 302, the second hydraulic system 40 includes a second hydraulic pump (not shown), a second hydraulic valve (not shown), a second hydraulic pipe (not shown) and a second hydraulic cylinder 401, The second hydraulic cylinder 401 includes a second hydraulic cylinder body 402, a second piston (not shown), a second piston rod 403 and a second sealing device (not shown), and the second piston is mounted on the second hydraulic cylinder In the body 402, one end of the second piston rod 403 is connected with the second piston, and the other end is connected with the second blade tip 104. The second hydraulic cylinder body 402 is fixed on the skeleton 101, and the second sealing device is installed on the second The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder block 402; the hydraulic system is used as the movement device, which can be used on high-power equipment. Oil can be used for automatic lubrication, so that the service life of the hydraulic system is long, so the service life of the blades is also long. A blade reinforcing rib 50 is also installed between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102, so that the connection strength between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102 can be increased; The first sealing strip 60 is equipped with a second sealing strip 70 at the end of the blade body 102 close to the second blade tip 104, so that rainwater and dust can be prevented from entering the blade unit 31. When the vertical wind generator is working, it can It prevents the formation of convection at both ends of the cross section of the blade unit and affects the working efficiency of the vertical wind power generator.

As shown in Figure 4, a cooling system is provided in the generator unit 2, including fan blades 24, cooler 25, sealing disc 26, fan 27, and generator stator 2021, rotor 2022, exciter stator 2031 and exciter The air duct 15 on the rotor 2032; as shown in Figure 15, the fan blade 24 is installed obliquely on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011, and the sealing disc 26 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and is located inside the upper end of the inner bracket 2012 On the top of the exciter 203, the fan 27 is installed on the sealing disk 26; the cooler 25 is installed on the sealing disk 26, and is located above the fan 27; an air outlet 29 is opened on the lower end of the inner bracket 2012, and the inner bracket 2012 There is an air inlet 33 on the upper end of the upper end, and the air inlet 33 is located above the sealing plate 26. The air outlet 28, the air inlet 33 and the bracket air duct 2013 are connected; an external cooler 34 is arranged in the tower column 1 , the cooler 25 is connected with the external cooler 34 through a liquid inlet pipe 35 and a liquid outlet pipe 36 .

As shown in Figure 17, a crane 80 is provided on the top of the tower column 1, and the crane 80 includes a slewing tower 801, a boom 802, a balance arm 803, a balance weight 804, a lifting trolley 805, a guide rail 806, a crane Hook 807, cable 808, lift mechanism 809 and control system (not shown). The revolving tower 801 is connected to the top of the tower column 1, the lifting arm 802 and the balance arm 803 are installed on the revolving tower 801, and the revolving tower 801 can rotate 360°; the balance weight 804 is installed on one end of the balance arm 803; 806 is arranged on the boom 802, and the lifting trolley 805 is arranged on the guide rail 806, and the lifting trolley 805 can move forward and backward on the guide rail 806; One end is connected, and the other end of the dragline 808 is connected with the lifting mechanism 809, and the lifting mechanism 809 controls the lifting of the suspension hook 807. In addition, a balance arm pull rod 810 is provided between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the balance arm 803, one end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the balance arm 803; A boom tie rod 811 is arranged between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the boom 802, one end of the boom tie rod 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the boom tie rod 811 is connected to the boom 802. Fixed connection; the balance arm pull rod 810 and the boom pull rod 811 ensure the structural stability of the crane 80 and improve the lifting load of the crane 80 .

As shown in Figure 32, a lifting system is provided inside the tower column 1. The lifting system is an elevator 37, and the elevator 37 includes a car 371 and a car lifting mechanism 372. Lifting mechanism 372 realizes lifting.

The outer rings of the first bearing 4, the second bearing 5 and the third bearing 6 are provided with braking devices (not shown).

The operation process of the above-mentioned vertical wind generator mainly includes the power generation of the wind generator, the cooling of the generator, the starting of the generator as a motor, and the maintenance and inspection of the vertical wind generator. The working principles of several parts are described below.

The working principle of the vertical wind generator power generation: the blade 3 starts to rotate under the push of the wind, and the blade 3 generates torque after the rotation, and the torque generated by the blade 3 is transmitted to the fourth flange 10 through the upper end of the blade 3 and passed through the blade 3. The lower end of the blade is transmitted to the third flange 9. At this time, the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10 rotate together with the blade 3, and the torque transmitted to the fourth flange 10 is transmitted to the third flange through the connecting piece 23. The flange 9 and the third flange 9 pass the torque to the support 201 through the seventh flange 13, the second flange 8 and the sixth flange 12 in turn, and the support 201 drives the rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, so that the rotor 2022 It rotates around the stator 2021, and the exciter rotor 2032 rotates around the exciter stator 2031. During the rotation of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter rotor winding in the exciter rotor 2032 generates an alternating current, and then, the alternating current is converted by the rotating rectification device 161 Converted into direct current and sent to the rotor winding of the generator rotor 2022, the generator rotor winding generates a magnetic field after being fed with direct current, due to the rotation of the generator rotor 2022, the generator winding will generate a magnetic field close to a sinusoidal distribution, and the generator stator The generator stator winding on the 2021 moves to cut the magnetic field line relative to the generator rotor winding, and induces a three-phase AC potential in the generator stator winding, so as to achieve the purpose of power generation. In this structure, due to the arrangement of the third flange 9, the fourth flange 10 and the connecting piece 23, the torque generated by the blade 3 is not only transmitted to the third flange 9 through the lower end of the blade 3, but also through the upper end of the blade 3. It is transmitted to the fourth flange 10, and the fourth flange 10 transmits the torque to the third flange 9 through the connecting piece 23. In this way, the force on the upper and lower ends of the blade 3 is balanced, so that the blade 3 is not easy to deform, so , the blades 3 are not easily damaged, which improves the service life of the vertical wind power generator. As shown in Figure 6, during the rotation of the blade 3, when the wind force is small, the first blade tip 103 and the second blade tip 104 are in an open state, so that the area of the windward side of the blade 3 is large, and the power of the vertical wind generator is large; As shown in Figure 7, when the wind force becomes stronger, the first blade tip 103 moves toward the frame 101 along the first guide rail set under the action of the first hydraulic system 30, the first blade tip 103 shrinks, and at the same time, the second blade tip 104 Under the action of the second hydraulic system 40, it moves along the second guide rail group 2 toward the frame 101, and the second blade tip 104 shrinks. At this time, the area of the windward side of the blade 3 decreases, and the power of the vertical generator is automatically adjusted. , adopting this structure can prevent the failure of the vertical wind power generator caused by excessive wind speed.

The working principle of the cooling system is: the fan 27 works to form a wind flow, and the cold wind reaches the lower end of the generator through the air duct 15 of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031, the rotor 2022 and the stator 2021, and plays the role of cooling the exciter and the generator , at this time, the cold air becomes hot air, and enters into the bracket air duct 2013 through the air outlet 29, where heat exchange is performed with the outside air through the outer bracket 2011, so that the hot air in the air flow becomes cold air, and then the air flow enters through the air inlet 33 Cooler 25, where the air flow is further cooled, and then flows into the inner cavity of the wind power generator through the fan 27 to form an internal circulation. Outside the rotor outer bracket 2011, since the fan blades 24 are installed, and the fan blades 24 are installed on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011 obliquely, when the bracket 201 rotates, the fan blades 24 also rotate together. At this time, on the fan blades 24 The wind pressure difference between the upper and lower sides is formed, so that the outside air close to the generator forms a wind flow from high pressure to low pressure, that is, an external circulation is formed, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the wind flow in the internal circulation and the outside world, thus improving the power generation efficiency. The cooling effect of the machine improves the service life of the generator.

The working process of the external cooler 34 and the cooler 25 is: the outer cooler 34 delivers cooling liquid to the cooler 25 through the inlet pipe 35, and exchanges heat with the wind in the internal circulation in the cooler 25, and then becomes Hot water flows into the external cooler 34 through the liquid outlet pipe 36 for cooling, and then continues to circulate as the above process, which improves the cooling effect of the air flow in the inner circulation in the cooler 25, thereby improving the cooling effect of the generator and increasing The service life of large generators.

The working process of the starting of the generator as a motor is: (1) motor operation: as shown in Figure 10, when the wind generator is at low wind speed or difficult to start, the excitation control device 16 is disconnected from the grid 17, and the exciter stator winding The current is zero, the generator is running in the motoring mode, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17, and the grid 17 provides AC current to the generator stator winding through the bidirectional frequency converter 15, at this time, a current is generated in the air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022 A rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field generates relative motion with the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator winding cuts the magnetic force line to generate an induced electromotive force in the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator rotor winding and the resistance winding are closed. Induced current appears in the rotor winding and damping winding 38, and the rotating magnetic field interacts with the induced current to generate electromagnetic torque to make the rotor 2022 of the generator rotate and realize asynchronous operation, thereby solving the problem of the wind turbine at low wind speed or difficult to start . When the generator operates as a motor, the rotating speed of the generator as a motor is adjusted by adjusting the output frequency of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 . (2) Generator operation: When the wind speed increases and the generator speed meets the cut-in wind speed, first let the generator run in the above-mentioned motor state, and drive the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the alternating current is induced in the exciter rotor winding. After being rectified by the rotating rectifying device 161, the DC current is input into the rotor winding of the generator, and the stator winding of the generator induces a three-phase alternating current. At this time, the two-way frequency converter 15 is controlled to temporarily stop working, the generator exits the motor working state, and the torque generated by the blade 3 drives the bracket 201 to rotate, and the bracket 201 drives the generator rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the excitation control device 16 was put into work, and the generators began to operate as synchronous generators. After the motor is converted into a generator, the bidirectional frequency converter 15 is put into operation again, and the three-phase alternating current in the stator winding of the generator is rectified and filtered by the bidirectional frequency converter 15, and then connected to the power grid 17 to implement generator operation. When the wind speed changes, the rotational speed of the generator changes accordingly, and the frequency of the induced current in the stator winding of the generator also changes. At this time, the operating parameters of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 can be adjusted to ensure that the output frequency remains unchanged, and realize variable speed and constant frequency. run. When the generator is running in the generator state, the excitation current obtained by the rotor winding of the generator is adjusted by adjusting the current output of the excitation control device 16, so as to realize the adjustment of the output power of the generator. (3) When the wind speed exceeds a certain range, the connection between the excitation control device 16 and the power grid 17 is disconnected, and the two-way frequency converter 15 is also disconnected from the generator. The power generation system does not consume or output electric energy. At the same time, the brake The device can also limit the rotational speed of the generator to prevent the wind turbine from being damaged.

The maintenance and detection of the vertical wind power generator is realized through the lifting system and the crane 80. The realization process is: the operator can reach any generator unit 2 in the tower column 1 through the lifting system, and can also reach the crane 90, The operator can operate on the suspension hook 807 in the crane 90, and the suspension hook 807 is connected with the hoisting mechanism 809 by a drag cable 808. Like this, the vertical position of the suspension hook 807 can be adjusted. Lifting trolley 805, lifting trolley 805 can slide on guide rail 806, like this, can adjust the position of suspension hook 807 in the horizontal direction, because slewing tower 801 can rotate 360 °, therefore, operator can be on the vertical wind turbine Maintenance and testing can be carried out anywhere, without the need to build maintenance towers and other large-scale equipment, which greatly saves maintenance costs and time for maintenance and testing.

Fifth Embodiment

The vertical wind power generator shown in Figure 30 to Figure 32 includes a tower column 1, more than one generator unit 2, more than two blades 3, a first bearing 4, a second bearing 5, a third bearing 6, a A flange 7, a second flange 8, a third flange 9, a fourth flange 10, a fifth flange 11, a sixth flange 12, and a seventh flange 13. In this embodiment, the generator unit 2 is two, the blade 3 is two pieces, the central axis of the tower column 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the tower column 1 is a hollow structure. Two generator units 2 are used to increase the power generation capacity, and both power generation units 2 are installed on the tower column 1, which greatly reduces the occupied area and saves land resources.

As shown in FIG. 32 and FIG. 4 , the generator unit 2 includes a bracket 201 , a generator 202 and an exciter 203 .

32 and 4, the bracket 201 is composed of an outer bracket 2011 and an inner bracket 2012, the outer bracket 2011 is arranged outside the inner bracket 2012, and a bracket air duct 2013 is formed between the outer bracket 2011 and the inner bracket 2012.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the generator 202 includes a stator 2021 and a rotor 2022, the stator 2021 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the rotor 2022 is arranged outside the stator 2021, and is fixedly installed on the inner bracket 2012 On the inner wall, the stator 2021 is provided with a generator stator winding (not shown), and the rotor 2022 is provided with a generator rotor winding (not shown), and there is an air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022, and the stator 2021 And rotor 2022 is provided with air passage 15; On rotor 2022, damping winding 38 is installed, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, damping winding 38 comprises end ring 381 and damping bar 382, and damping bar 382 is installed on the end ring 381 .

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 includes an exciter stator 2031 and an exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the exciter rotor 2032 is arranged on the exciter stator 2031 outside, and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner bracket 2012, the exciter stator 2031 is provided with an exciter stator winding (not shown), and the exciter rotor 2032 is provided with an exciter rotor winding (not shown), and the exciter stator There is an air gap 14 between the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032, and the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032 are provided with an air duct 15; as shown in Figure 32, the exciter 203 is installed on the generator 202 Above, of course, as shown in FIG. 16 , the exciter 203 can also be installed below the generator 202 .

As shown in Figure 10, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17 through a bidirectional frequency converter 15, and the generator stator winding is connected to the exciter stator winding through a bidirectional frequency converter 15 and an exciter control device 16; the generator rotor winding is connected through a rotating rectifier 161 is connected with the exciter rotor winding.

As shown in Figure 32, a stator bracket 2023 is provided on the lower end surface of the generator stator 2021, and the stator bracket 2023 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the stator bracket 2023 plays the role of supporting the stator 2021, improving The firmness and position accuracy of the stator 2021 installed on the tower column 1 are ensured; the exciter stator bracket 2033 is arranged on the lower end surface of the exciter stator 2031, and the exciter stator bracket 2033 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 , The exciter stator bracket 2033 plays the role of supporting the exciter stator 2031, improving the firmness and position accuracy of the exciter stator 2031 installed on the tower column 1.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the fifth flange 11, the first flange 7, and the first bearing 4 are sequentially arranged below the bracket 201 from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the fifth flange 11 is welded It is connected with the lower end surface of the bracket 201; the cross-sections of the upper and lower ends of the first flange 7 are not equal, as shown in Figure 4, the first flange 7 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the first The flange 7 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the first flange 7 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the first flange 7 is stepped, of course, the first flange 7 is not limited to the above Four structures, the large end of the first flange 7 is connected to the fifth flange 11 through bolts or welding, and the small end of the first flange 7 is connected to the outer surface of the first bearing 4 through bolts or welding or interference fit. Ring connection; the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the lower end surface of the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is provided with a first bearing bracket 18, the first bearing bracket 18 The fixed sleeve is mounted on the outer wall of the tower column 1.

Adopt the frustum-shaped or horn-shaped first flange 7, the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the first flange 7 is a uniform transition, no obvious internal stress will be generated in the first flange 7, therefore, increase The strength of the first flange is improved, and it can withstand a large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the first bearing 4 is reduced, which reduces the cost of the vertical wind power generator; The flange 7 can be processed with common equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the fifth flange 11 is set, which facilitates the connection between the first flange 7 and the support 201; The first bearing bracket 18 is used to support the first bearing 4 and all parts acting on the first bearing 4, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the first bearing 4 are improved, and the The stability of the generator structure.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the sixth flange 12, the second flange 8, and the second bearing 5 are sequentially arranged above the bracket 201 from bottom to top; the sixth flange 12 is connected to the upper end surface of the bracket 201 by welding Above, the cross sections of the upper and lower ends of the sixth flange 12 are not equal, as shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the second flange 8 is in the shape of a frustum of a cone, as shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, the second flange 8 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the second flange 8 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the second flange 8 is stepped, of course, the second flange 8 is not limited to the above four structure, the big end of the second flange 8 is connected to the sixth flange 12 by bolts or welding; the inner ring of the second bearing 8 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1; the seventh The flange 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 by interference fit, and the lower end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the small end of the second flange 8 by bolts or welding; A second bearing bracket 19 is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring, and the second bearing bracket 19 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 .

A frustum-shaped or horn-shaped second flange 8 is adopted, and the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the second flange 8 is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the second flange 8. Therefore, the increase The strength of the second flange is improved, and it can withstand a large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 is reduced, and the cost of the vertical wind turbine is reduced; The flange 8 can be processed with common equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the sixth flange 12 is set to facilitate the connection of the second flange 8 and the support 201; The second bearing bracket 19 is used to support the second bearing 5 and all parts acting on the second bearing 5, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the second bearing 5 are improved, and the The stability of the generator structure.

As shown in Figure 32, the inner ring of the third bearing 6 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 and is located above the second bearing 5, and a third bearing is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring of the third bearing 6. The bearing bracket 20, the third bearing bracket 20 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the third bearing bracket 20 is used to support the third bearing 6 and all parts acting on the third bearing 6, therefore, The installation firmness and position accuracy of the third bearing 6 are improved, and the stability of the generator structure is also improved.

The upper end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the third flange 9 by bolts or welding, and the fourth flange 10 is connected to the outer ring of the third bearing 6 by bolts or welding. Between the fourth flange 10, there is a connecting piece 23 for transmitting torque. As shown in FIG. 12, the connecting piece 23 shown is a hollow tube. As shown in FIG. The connecting rod 231, the upper end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the fourth flange 10, the lower end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the third flange 9, and the connecting rod 231 is arranged outside the tower column 1 and connected with the tower On the concentric circumference of the cross section of the column 1, a reinforcing rib 232 is welded on the connecting rod 231 to enhance the strength of the connecting piece 23; a hollow tube is used as the connecting piece 23, which has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and has low production cost, and the hollow tube When rotating with the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10, the rotation resistance will not be formed at the hollow tube to affect the power of the wind generator, therefore, the power generation efficiency of the wind generator is greatly improved; multiple connecting rods are used 231 is used as a connector, which has a simple structure and can reduce the weight of the vertical wind turbine; as shown in Figure 32, two eighth flanges 21 are connected on the outer circumference of the third flange 9, and in the fourth method Two ninth flanges 22 are connected to the outer circumference of the flange 10, the lower end of the blade 3 is connected to the third flange 9 through the eighth flange 21, and the upper end of the blade 3 is connected to the fourth flange 22 through the ninth flange. Flange 10 connection. The eighth flange 21 and the ninth flange 22 are provided to facilitate the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the blade 3 .

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 22 to Fig. 25 vertical wind power generator blade 3, described blade 3 is made up of three blade units 31; Shape, and one of the two small ends is arc-shaped, and the other end is pointed. The blade unit 31 adopts this cross-sectional structure, which has a high utilization rate of wind energy. The blade unit 31 includes a skeleton 101, a blade body 102, a first blade tip 103 and a second blade tip 104; the blade body 102 is installed on the skeleton 103, and the skeleton 103 is inside the blade body 102; The tip 103 is arranged at one end of the airfoil 102 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1031 of the first blade tip 103 is arc-shaped, and the head 1032 of the first blade tip 103 extends into the airfoil 102; The second blade tip 104 is arranged on the end of the blade body 102 opposite to the first blade tip 103 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1041 of the second blade tip 104 is the tip, and the second blade tip The head 1042 of 104 extends into the airfoil 102; as shown in Fig. 22 and Fig. 25, a first guide rail group (not shown) is provided between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103, between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103 A second guide rail set 32 is provided between the two blade tips 104; a first air pressure system 95 is provided between the skeleton 101 and the first blade tip 103, and a second air pressure system 96 is provided between the skeleton 101 and the second blade tip 104 , the first air pressure system 95 includes a first air compressor (not shown) and a first air cylinder 111, as shown in Figure 25, the first air cylinder 111 includes a first air cylinder 112, a first air cylinder 112, One air pressure piston 113, the first air pressure piston rod 114 and the first air pressure sealing device 115, the first air pressure piston 113 is installed in the first air pressure cylinder body 112, and one end of the first air pressure piston rod 114 is connected with the first air pressure piston 113 , the other end is connected with the first blade tip 103, the first air cylinder 112 is fixed on the framework 101, the first sealing device 115 is installed at both ends of the first air cylinder 112, the second air pressure system 96 Including a second air compressor (not shown) and a second air cylinder 121, the second air cylinder 121 includes a second air cylinder body 122, a second air piston (not shown), a second air piston rod 123 And the second air pressure sealing device (not shown), the second air pressure piston is installed in the second air pressure cylinder body 122, one end of the second air pressure piston rod 123 is connected with the second air pressure piston, and the other end is connected with the second blade tip 104 Connected together, the second pneumatic cylinder 122 is fixed on the skeleton 101, and the second sealing device is installed at both ends of the second pneumatic cylinder 122; the pneumatic cylinder system is used as the movement device, and since its power medium is gas, the mass Lightweight, rich in medium resources, no pollution, due to the low viscosity of the gas, the resistance between the gas and the air pressure cylinder is small. A blade reinforcing rib 50 is also installed between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102, so that the connection strength between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102 can be increased; The first sealing strip 60 is equipped with a first sealing strip 70 at the end of the blade body 102 near the second blade tip 104, so that rainwater and dust can be prevented from entering the blade unit. When the vertical wind generator is working, it can It prevents the formation of convection at both ends of the cross section of the blade unit and affects the working efficiency of the vertical wind power generator.

As shown in Figure 4, a cooling system is provided in the generator unit 2, including fan blades 24, cooler 25, sealing disc 26, fan 27, and generator stator 2021, rotor 2022, exciter stator 2031 and exciter The air duct 15 on the rotor 2032; as shown in Figure 15, the fan blade 24 is installed obliquely on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011, and the sealing disc 26 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and is located inside the upper end of the inner bracket 2012 On the top of the exciter 203, the fan 27 is installed on the sealing disk 26; the cooler 25 is installed on the sealing disk 26, and is located above the fan 27; an air outlet 29 is opened on the lower end of the inner bracket 2012, and the inner bracket 2012 There is an air inlet 33 on the upper end of the upper end, and the air inlet 33 is located above the sealing plate 26. The air outlet 28, the air inlet 33 and the bracket air duct 2013 are connected; an external cooler 34 is arranged in the tower column 1 , the cooler 25 is connected with the external cooler 34 through a liquid inlet pipe 35 and a liquid outlet pipe 36 .

As shown in Figure 17, a crane 80 is provided on the top of the tower column 1, and the crane 80 includes a slewing tower 801, a boom 802, a balance arm 803, a balance weight 804, a lifting trolley 805, a guide rail 806, a crane Hook 807, cable 808, lift mechanism 809 and control system (not shown). The revolving tower 801 is connected to the top of the tower column 1, the lifting arm 802 and the balance arm 803 are installed on the revolving tower 801, and the revolving tower 801 can rotate 360°; the balance weight 804 is installed on one end of the balance arm 803; 806 is arranged on the boom 802, and the lifting trolley 805 is arranged on the guide rail 806, and the lifting trolley 805 can move forward and backward on the guide rail 806; One end is connected, and the other end of the dragline 808 is connected with the lifting mechanism 809, and the lifting mechanism 809 controls the lifting of the suspension hook 807. In addition, a balance arm pull rod 810 is provided between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the balance arm 803, one end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the balance arm 803; A boom tie rod 811 is arranged between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the boom 802, one end of the boom tie rod 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the boom tie rod 811 is connected to the boom 802. Fixed connection; the balance arm pull rod 810 and the boom pull rod 811 ensure the structural stability of the crane 80 and improve the lifting load of the crane 80 .

As shown in Figure 32, a lifting system is provided inside the tower column 1. The lifting system is an elevator 37, and the elevator 37 includes a car 371 and a car lifting mechanism 372. Lifting mechanism 372 realizes lifting.

The outer rings of the first bearing 4, the second bearing 5 and the third bearing 6 are provided with braking devices (not shown).

The operation process of the above-mentioned vertical wind generator mainly includes the power generation of the wind generator, the cooling of the generator, the starting of the generator as a motor, and the maintenance and inspection of the vertical wind generator. The working principles of several parts are described below.

The working principle of the vertical wind generator power generation: the blade 3 starts to rotate under the push of the wind, and the blade 3 generates torque after the rotation, and the torque generated by the blade 3 is transmitted to the fourth flange 10 through the upper end of the blade 3 and passed through the blade 3. The lower end of the blade is transmitted to the third flange 9. At this time, the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10 rotate together with the blade 3, and the torque transmitted to the fourth flange 10 is transmitted to the third flange through the connecting piece 23. The flange 9 and the third flange 9 pass the torque to the support 201 through the seventh flange 13, the second flange 8 and the sixth flange 12 in turn, and the support 201 drives the rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, so that the rotor 2022 It rotates around the stator 2021, and the exciter rotor 2032 rotates around the exciter stator 2031. During the rotation of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter rotor winding in the exciter rotor 2032 generates an alternating current, and then, the alternating current is converted by the rotating rectification device 161 Converted into direct current and sent to the rotor winding of the generator rotor 2022, the generator rotor winding generates a magnetic field after being fed with direct current, due to the rotation of the generator rotor 2022, the generator winding will generate a magnetic field close to a sinusoidal distribution, and the generator stator The generator stator winding on the 2021 moves to cut the magnetic field line relative to the generator rotor winding, and induces a three-phase AC potential in the generator stator winding, so as to achieve the purpose of power generation. In this structure, due to the arrangement of the third flange 9, the fourth flange 10 and the connecting piece 23, the torque generated by the blade 3 is not only transmitted to the third flange 9 through the lower end of the blade 3, but also through the upper end of the blade 3. It is transmitted to the fourth flange 10, and the fourth flange 10 transmits the torque to the third flange 9 through the connecting piece 23. In this way, the force on the upper and lower ends of the blade 3 is balanced, so that the blade 3 is not easy to deform, so , the blades 3 are not easily damaged, which improves the service life of the vertical wind power generator. As shown in Figure 6, during the rotation of the blade 3, when the wind force is small, the first blade tip 103 and the second blade tip 104 are in an open state, so that the area of the windward side of the blade 3 is large, and the power of the vertical wind generator is large; As shown in Figure 7, when the wind force becomes stronger, the first blade tip 103 moves toward the frame 101 along the first guide rail group under the action of the first air pressure system 95, and the first blade tip 103 shrinks, and at the same time, the second blade tip 104 Under the action of the second air pressure system 96, it moves along the second guide rail group 2 toward the skeleton 101, and the second blade tip 104 shrinks. At this time, the area of the windward side of the blade 3 decreases, and the power of the vertical generator is automatically adjusted. , adopting this structure can prevent the failure of the vertical wind power generator caused by excessive wind speed.

The working principle of the cooling system is: the fan 27 works to form a wind flow, and the cold wind reaches the lower end of the generator through the air duct 15 of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031, the rotor 2022 and the stator 2021, and plays the role of cooling the exciter and the generator , at this time, the cold air becomes hot air, and enters into the bracket air duct 2013 through the air outlet 29, where heat exchange is performed with the outside air through the outer bracket 2011, so that the hot air in the air flow becomes cold air, and then the air flow enters through the air inlet 33 Cooler 25, where the air flow is further cooled, and then flows into the inner cavity of the wind power generator through the fan 27 to form an internal circulation. Outside the rotor outer bracket 2011, since the fan blades 24 are installed, and the fan blades 24 are installed on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011 obliquely, when the bracket 201 rotates, the fan blades 24 also rotate together. At this time, on the fan blades 24 The wind pressure difference between the upper and lower sides is formed, so that the outside air close to the generator forms a wind flow from high pressure to low pressure, that is, an external circulation is formed, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the wind flow in the internal circulation and the outside world, thus improving the power generation efficiency. The cooling effect of the machine improves the service life of the generator.

The working process of the external cooler 34 and the cooler 25 is: the outer cooler 34 delivers cooling liquid to the cooler 25 through the inlet pipe 35, and exchanges heat with the wind in the internal circulation in the cooler 25, and then becomes Hot water flows into the external cooler 34 through the liquid outlet pipe 36 for cooling, and then continues to circulate as the above process, which improves the cooling effect of the air flow in the inner circulation in the cooler 25, thereby improving the cooling effect of the generator and increasing The service life of large generators.

The working process of the starting of the generator as a motor is: (1) motor operation: as shown in Figure 10, when the wind generator is at low wind speed or difficult to start, the excitation control device 16 is disconnected from the grid 17, and the exciter stator winding The current is zero, the generator is running in the motoring mode, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17, and the grid 17 provides AC current to the generator stator winding through the bidirectional frequency converter 15, at this time, a current is generated in the air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022 A rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field generates relative motion with the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator winding cuts the magnetic force line to generate an induced electromotive force in the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator rotor winding and the resistance winding are closed. Induced current appears in the rotor winding and damping winding 38, and the rotating magnetic field interacts with the induced current to generate electromagnetic torque to make the rotor 2022 of the generator rotate and realize asynchronous operation, thereby solving the problem of the wind turbine at low wind speed or difficult to start . When the generator operates as a motor, the rotating speed of the generator as a motor is adjusted by adjusting the output frequency of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 . (2) Generator operation: When the wind speed increases and the generator speed meets the cut-in wind speed, first let the generator run in the above-mentioned motor state, and drive the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the alternating current is induced in the exciter rotor winding. After being rectified by the rotating rectifying device 161, the DC current is input into the rotor winding of the generator, and the stator winding of the generator induces a three-phase alternating current. At this time, the two-way frequency converter 15 is controlled to temporarily stop working, the generator exits the motor working state, and the torque generated by the blade 3 drives the bracket 201 to rotate, and the bracket 201 drives the generator rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the excitation control device 16 was put into work, and the generators began to operate as synchronous generators. After the motor is converted into a generator, the bidirectional frequency converter 15 is put into operation again, and the three-phase alternating current in the stator winding of the generator is rectified and filtered by the bidirectional frequency converter 15, and then connected to the power grid 17 to implement generator operation. When the wind speed changes, the rotational speed of the generator changes accordingly, and the frequency of the induced current in the stator winding of the generator also changes. At this time, the operating parameters of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 can be adjusted to ensure that the output frequency remains unchanged, and realize variable speed and constant frequency. run. When the generator is running in the generator state, the excitation current obtained by the rotor winding of the generator is adjusted by adjusting the current output of the excitation control device 16, so as to realize the adjustment of the output power of the generator. (3) When the wind speed exceeds a certain range, the connection between the excitation control device 16 and the power grid 17 is disconnected, and the two-way frequency converter 15 is also disconnected from the generator. The power generation system does not consume or output electric energy. At the same time, the brake The device can also limit the rotational speed of the generator to prevent the wind turbine from being damaged.

The maintenance and detection of the vertical wind power generator is realized through the lifting system and the crane 80. The realization process is: the operator can reach any generator unit 2 in the tower column 1 through the lifting system, and can also reach the crane 90, The operator can operate on the suspension hook 807 in the crane 90, and the suspension hook 807 is connected with the hoisting mechanism 809 by a drag cable 808. Like this, the vertical position of the suspension hook 807 can be adjusted. Lifting trolley 805, lifting trolley 805 can slide on guide rail 806, like this, can adjust the position of suspension hook 807 in the horizontal direction, because slewing tower 801 can rotate 360 °, therefore, operator can be on the vertical wind turbine Maintenance and testing can be carried out anywhere, without the need to build maintenance towers and other large-scale equipment, which greatly saves maintenance costs and time for maintenance and testing.

Sixth Embodiment

The vertical wind power generator shown in Figure 30 to Figure 32 includes a tower column 1, more than one generator unit 2, more than two blades 3, a first bearing 4, a second bearing 5, a third bearing 6, a A flange 7, a second flange 8, a third flange 9, a fourth flange 10, a fifth flange 11, a sixth flange 12, and a seventh flange 13. In this embodiment, the generator unit 2 is two, the blade 3 is two pieces, the central axis of the tower column 1 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the tower column 1 is a hollow structure. Two generator units 2 are used to increase the power generation capacity, and both power generation units 2 are installed on the tower column 1, which greatly reduces the occupied area and saves land resources.

As shown in FIG. 32 and FIG. 4 , the generator unit 2 includes a bracket 201 , a generator 202 and an exciter 203 .

32 and 4, the bracket 201 is composed of an outer bracket 2011 and an inner bracket 2012, the outer bracket 2011 is arranged outside the inner bracket 2012, and a bracket air duct 2013 is formed between the outer bracket 2011 and the inner bracket 2012.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the generator 202 includes a stator 2021 and a rotor 2022, the stator 2021 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the rotor 2022 is arranged outside the stator 2021, and is fixedly installed on the inner bracket 2012 On the inner wall, the stator 2021 is provided with a generator stator winding (not shown), and the rotor 2022 is provided with a generator rotor winding (not shown), and there is an air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022, and the stator 2021 And rotor 2022 is provided with air passage 15; On rotor 2022, damping winding 38 is installed, as shown in Figure 13 and Figure 14, damping winding 38 comprises end ring 381 and damping bar 382, and damping bar 382 is installed on the end ring 381 .

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the exciter 203 includes an exciter stator 2031 and an exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the exciter rotor 2032 is arranged on the exciter stator 2031 outside, and fixedly installed on the inner wall of the inner bracket 2012, the exciter stator 2031 is provided with an exciter stator winding (not shown), and the exciter rotor 2032 is provided with an exciter rotor winding (not shown), and the exciter stator There is an air gap 14 between the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032, and the exciter stator 2031 and the exciter rotor 2032 are provided with an air duct 15; as shown in Figure 32, the exciter 203 is installed on the generator 202 Above, of course, as shown in FIG. 16 , the exciter 203 can also be installed below the generator 202 .

As shown in Figure 10, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17 through a bidirectional frequency converter 15, and the generator stator winding is connected to the exciter stator winding through a bidirectional frequency converter 15 and an exciter control device 16; the generator rotor winding is connected through a rotating rectifier 161 is connected with the exciter rotor winding.

As shown in Figure 32, a stator bracket 2023 is provided on the lower end surface of the generator stator 2021, and the stator bracket 2023 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the stator bracket 2023 plays the role of supporting the stator 2021, improving The firmness and position accuracy of the stator 2021 installed on the tower column 1 are ensured; the exciter stator bracket 2033 is arranged on the lower end surface of the exciter stator 2031, and the exciter stator bracket 2033 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1 , The exciter stator bracket 2033 plays the role of supporting the exciter stator 2031, improving the firmness and position accuracy of the exciter stator 2031 installed on the tower column 1.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the fifth flange 11, the first flange 7, and the first bearing 4 are sequentially arranged below the bracket 201 from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the fifth flange 11 is welded It is connected with the lower end surface of the bracket 201; the cross-sections of the upper and lower ends of the first flange 7 are not equal, as shown in Figure 4, the first flange 7 is in the shape of a truncated cone, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the first The flange 7 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the first flange 7 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the first flange 7 is stepped, of course, the first flange 7 is not limited to the above Four structures, the large end of the first flange 7 is connected to the fifth flange 11 through bolts or welding, and the small end of the first flange 7 is connected to the outer surface of the first bearing 4 through bolts or welding or interference fit. Ring connection; the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and the lower end surface of the inner ring of the first bearing 4 is provided with a first bearing bracket 18, the first bearing bracket 18 The fixed sleeve is mounted on the outer wall of the tower column 1.

Adopt the frustum-shaped or horn-shaped first flange 7, the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the first flange 7 is a uniform transition, no obvious internal stress will be generated in the first flange 7, therefore, increase The strength of the first flange is improved, and it can withstand a large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the first bearing 4 is reduced, which reduces the cost of the vertical wind power generator; The flange 7 can be processed with common equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the fifth flange 11 is set, which facilitates the connection between the first flange 7 and the support 201; The first bearing bracket 18 is used to support the first bearing 4 and all parts acting on the first bearing 4, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the first bearing 4 are improved, and the The stability of the generator structure.

As shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the sixth flange 12, the second flange 8, and the second bearing 5 are sequentially arranged above the bracket 201 from bottom to top; the sixth flange 12 is connected to the upper end surface of the bracket 201 by welding Above, the cross sections of the upper and lower ends of the sixth flange 12 are not equal, as shown in Figure 32 and Figure 4, the second flange 8 is in the shape of a frustum of a cone, as shown in Figure 18 and Figure 19, the second flange 8 is trumpet-shaped, as shown in Figure 20, the second flange 8 is a "convex" shape, as shown in Figure 21, the second flange 8 is stepped, of course, the second flange 8 is not limited to the above four structure, the big end of the second flange 8 is connected to the sixth flange 12 by bolts or welding; the inner ring of the second bearing 8 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1; the seventh The flange 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 by interference fit, and the lower end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the small end of the second flange 8 by bolts or welding; A second bearing bracket 19 is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring, and the second bearing bracket 19 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 .

A frustum-shaped or horn-shaped second flange 8 is adopted, and the cross-section from the large end to the small end of the second flange 8 is a uniform transition, and no obvious internal stress will be generated in the second flange 8. Therefore, the increase The strength of the second flange is improved, and it can withstand a large force. At the same time, the size of the outer ring of the second bearing 5 is reduced, and the cost of the vertical wind turbine is reduced; The flange 8 can be processed with common equipment, and the processing procedure is simple, so the processing cost and processing time of the flange are reduced; the sixth flange 12 is set to facilitate the connection of the second flange 8 and the support 201; The second bearing bracket 19 is used to support the second bearing 5 and all parts acting on the second bearing 5, therefore, the installation firmness and position accuracy of the second bearing 5 are improved, and the The stability of the generator structure.

As shown in Figure 32, the inner ring of the third bearing 6 is fixedly fitted on the outer wall of the tower column 1 and is located above the second bearing 5, and a third bearing is provided on the lower end surface of the inner ring of the third bearing 6. The bearing bracket 20, the third bearing bracket 20 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, the third bearing bracket 20 is used to support the third bearing 6 and all parts acting on the third bearing 6, therefore, The installation firmness and position accuracy of the third bearing 6 are improved, and the stability of the generator structure is also improved.

The upper end surface of the seventh flange 13 is connected to the third flange 9 by bolts or welding, and the fourth flange 10 is connected to the outer ring of the third bearing 6 by bolts or welding. Between the fourth flange 10, there is a connecting piece 23 for transmitting torque. As shown in FIG. 12, the connecting piece 23 shown is a hollow tube. As shown in FIG. The connecting rod 231, the upper end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the fourth flange 10, the lower end of the connecting rod 231 is connected with the third flange 9, and the connecting rod 231 is arranged outside the tower column 1 and connected with the tower On the concentric circumference of the cross section of the column 1, a reinforcing rib 232 is welded on the connecting rod 231 to enhance the strength of the connecting piece 23; a hollow tube is used as the connecting piece 23, which has a simple structure, is convenient to manufacture, and has low production cost, and the hollow tube When rotating with the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10, the rotation resistance will not be formed at the hollow tube to affect the power of the wind generator, therefore, the power generation efficiency of the wind generator is greatly improved; multiple connecting rods are used 231 is used as a connector, which has a simple structure and can reduce the weight of the vertical wind turbine; as shown in Figure 32, two eighth flanges 21 are connected on the outer circumference of the third flange 9, and in the fourth method Two ninth flanges 22 are connected to the outer circumference of the flange 10, the lower end of the blade 3 is connected to the third flange 9 through the eighth flange 21, and the upper end of the blade 3 is connected to the fourth flange 22 through the ninth flange. Flange 10 connection. The eighth flange 21 and the ninth flange 22 are provided to facilitate the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the blade 3 .

As shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 26 to Fig. 29, the vertical wind power generator blade 3 is composed of three blade units 31; as shown in Fig. 26, the cross section of the blade unit 31 is olive-shaped with a large middle and a small two ends , and one of the two small ends is arc-shaped, and the other end is pointed. The blade unit 31 adopts this cross-sectional structure, which has a high utilization rate of wind energy. The blade unit 31 includes a skeleton 101, a blade body 102, a first blade tip 103 and a second blade tip 104; the blade body 102 is installed on the skeleton 103, and the skeleton 103 is inside the blade body 102; The tip 103 is arranged at one end of the airfoil 102 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1031 of the first blade tip 103 is arc-shaped, and the head 1032 of the first blade tip 103 extends into the airfoil 102; The second blade tip 104 is arranged on the end of the blade body 102 opposite to the first blade tip 103 along the radial direction of the blade unit 31, the tail portion 1041 of the second blade tip 104 is the tip, and the second blade tip The head 1042 of 104 extends into the airfoil 102; as shown in Fig. 26 and Fig. 29, a first guide rail group (not shown) is provided between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103, between the airfoil 102 and the first blade tip 103 A second rail set 32 is provided between the two blade tips 104; as shown in FIG. 26 , a first screw rod 2100, a first nut 2200, a first motor 2300, The first moving device of more than two first linear bearings 2400 and the first bearing seat 2500 equal in number to the first linear bearings, the first linear bearings 2400 are two, and the corresponding first bearing There are also two seats 2500, the first bearing seat 2500 is installed on the airfoil 102, the first linear bearing 2400 is installed in the first bearing seat 2500, and the first nut 2200 is installed on the first blade tip 103, one end of the first screw 2100 is connected to the first motor 2300, the first screw 2100 passes through the first linear bearing 2400, the first screw 2100 is engaged with the first nut 2200, and the A first coupling 2600 is provided between the first motor 2300 and the first screw rod 2100; as shown in Figure 26 and Figure 29, a second screw rod 3100, The second moving device of the second nut 3200, the second motor 3300, more than two second linear bearings 3400 and the second bearing seat 3500 equal in number to the second linear bearings, the number of the second linear bearings 3400 is two , there are also two corresponding second bearing seats 3500, the second bearing seats 3500 are installed on the airfoil 102, the second linear bearings 3400 are installed in the second bearing seats 3500, and the second nuts 3200 Installed on the second blade tip 104, one end of the second screw rod 3100 is connected with the second motor 3300, the second screw rod 3100 passes through the second linear bearing 3400, the second screw rod 3100 is in phase with the second nut 3200 meshing, a second coupling 3600 is provided between the second motor 3300 and the second screw rod 3100; screw rods, nuts, and linear bearings are used as moving devices, and the transmission precision is high. As shown in Figure 26, a reinforcing rib 50 is also installed between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102, so that the connection strength between the skeleton 101 and the blade body 102 can be increased; The first sealing strip 60 is installed on the top of the blade body 102, and the first sealing strip 70 is installed on the end of the blade body 102 close to the second blade tip 104. In this way, rainwater and dust can be prevented from entering the blade unit. , it can prevent the formation of convection at both ends of the cross section of the blade unit and affect the working efficiency of the vertical wind power generator.

As shown in Figure 4, a cooling system is provided in the generator unit 2, including fan blades 24, cooler 25, sealing disc 26, fan 27, and generator stator 2021, rotor 2022, exciter stator 2031 and exciter The air duct 15 on the rotor 2032; as shown in Figure 15, the fan blade 24 is installed obliquely on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011, and the sealing disc 26 is fixedly set on the outer wall of the tower column 1, and is located inside the upper end of the inner bracket 2012 On the top of the exciter 203, the fan 27 is installed on the sealing disk 26; the cooler 25 is installed on the sealing disk 26, and is located above the fan 27; an air outlet 29 is opened on the lower end of the inner bracket 2012, and the inner bracket 2012 There is an air inlet 33 on the upper end of the upper end, and the air inlet 33 is located above the sealing plate 26. The air outlet 28, the air inlet 33 and the bracket air duct 2013 are connected; an external cooler 34 is arranged in the tower column 1 , the cooler 25 is connected with the external cooler 34 through a liquid inlet pipe 35 and a liquid outlet pipe 36 .

As shown in Figure 17, a crane 80 is provided on the top of the tower column 1, and the crane 80 includes a slewing tower 801, a boom 802, a balance arm 803, a balance weight 804, a lifting trolley 805, a guide rail 806, a crane Hook 807, cable 808, lift mechanism 809 and control system (not shown). The revolving tower 801 is connected to the top of the tower column 1, the lifting arm 802 and the balance arm 803 are installed on the revolving tower 801, and the revolving tower 801 can rotate 360°; the balance weight 804 is installed on one end of the balance arm 803; 806 is arranged on the boom 802, and the lifting trolley 805 is arranged on the guide rail 806, and the lifting trolley 805 can move forward and backward on the guide rail 806; One end is connected, and the other end of the dragline 808 is connected with the lifting mechanism 809, and the lifting mechanism 809 controls the lifting of the suspension hook 807. In addition, a balance arm pull rod 810 is provided between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the balance arm 803, one end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the balance arm pull rod 810 is fixedly connected to the balance arm 803; A boom tie rod 811 is arranged between the top of the slewing tower 801 and the boom 802, one end of the boom tie rod 811 is fixedly connected to the top of the slewing tower 801, and the other end of the boom tie rod 811 is connected to the boom 802. Fixed connection; the balance arm pull rod 810 and the boom pull rod 811 ensure the structural stability of the crane 80 and improve the lifting load of the crane 80 .

As shown in Figure 32, a lifting system is provided inside the tower column 1. The lifting system is an elevator 37, and the elevator 37 includes a car 371 and a car lifting mechanism 372. Lifting mechanism 372 realizes lifting.

The outer rings of the first bearing 4, the second bearing 5 and the third bearing 6 are provided with braking devices (not shown).

The operation process of the above-mentioned vertical wind generator mainly includes the power generation of the wind generator, the cooling of the generator, the starting of the generator as a motor, and the maintenance and inspection of the vertical wind generator. The working principles of several parts are described below.

The working principle of the vertical wind generator power generation: the blade 3 starts to rotate under the push of the wind, and the blade 3 generates torque after the rotation, and the torque generated by the blade 3 is transmitted to the fourth flange 10 through the upper end of the blade 3 and passed through the blade 3. The lower end of the blade is transmitted to the third flange 9. At this time, the third flange 9 and the fourth flange 10 rotate together with the blade 3, and the torque transmitted to the fourth flange 10 is transmitted to the third flange through the connecting piece 23. The flange 9 and the third flange 9 pass the torque to the support 201 through the seventh flange 13, the second flange 8 and the sixth flange 12 in turn, and the support 201 drives the rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, so that the rotor 2022 It rotates around the stator 2021, and the exciter rotor 2032 rotates around the exciter stator 2031. During the rotation of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter rotor winding in the exciter rotor 2032 generates an alternating current, and then, the alternating current is converted by the rotating rectification device 161 Converted into direct current and sent to the rotor winding of the generator rotor 2022, the generator rotor winding generates a magnetic field after being fed with direct current, due to the rotation of the generator rotor 2022, the generator winding will generate a magnetic field close to a sinusoidal distribution, and the generator stator The generator stator winding on the 2021 moves to cut the magnetic field line relative to the generator rotor winding, and induces a three-phase AC potential in the generator stator winding, so as to achieve the purpose of power generation. In this structure, due to the arrangement of the third flange 9, the fourth flange 10 and the connecting piece 23, the torque generated by the blade 3 is not only transmitted to the third flange 9 through the lower end of the blade 3, but also through the upper end of the blade 3. It is transmitted to the fourth flange 10, and the fourth flange 10 transmits the torque to the third flange 9 through the connecting piece 23. In this way, the force on the upper and lower ends of the blade 3 is balanced, so that the blade 3 is not easy to deform, so , the blades 3 are not easily damaged, which improves the service life of the vertical wind power generator. As shown in Figure 6, during the rotation of the blade 3, when the wind force is small, the first blade tip 103 and the second blade tip 104 are in an open state, so that the area of the windward side of the blade 3 is large, and the power of the vertical wind generator is large; As shown in Figure 7, when the wind force becomes stronger, the first blade tip 103 moves toward the frame 101 along the first guide rail group under the action of the first moving device, the first blade tip 103 shrinks, and at the same time, the second blade tip 104 Under the action of the second moving device, the second guide rail group 2 moves toward the skeleton 101, and the second blade tip 104 shrinks. At this time, the area of the windward side of the blade 3 is reduced, and the power of the vertical generator is automatically adjusted. This structure can prevent the failure of the vertical wind power generator caused by excessive wind speed.

The working principle of the cooling system is: the fan 27 works to form a wind flow, and the cold wind reaches the lower end of the generator through the air duct 15 of the exciter rotor 2032, the exciter stator 2031, the rotor 2022 and the stator 2021, and plays the role of cooling the exciter and the generator , at this time, the cold air becomes hot air, and enters into the bracket air duct 2013 through the air outlet 29, where heat exchange is performed with the outside air through the outer bracket 2011, so that the hot air in the air flow becomes cold air, and then the air flow enters through the air inlet 33 Cooler 25, where the air flow is further cooled, and then flows into the inner cavity of the wind power generator through the fan 27 to form an internal circulation. Outside the rotor outer bracket 2011, since the fan blades 24 are installed, and the fan blades 24 are installed on the outer wall of the outer bracket 2011 obliquely, when the bracket 201 rotates, the fan blades 24 also rotate together. At this time, on the fan blades 24 The wind pressure difference between the upper and lower sides is formed, so that the outside air close to the generator forms a wind flow from high pressure to low pressure, that is, an external circulation is formed, which can improve the heat exchange efficiency between the wind flow in the internal circulation and the outside world, thus improving the power generation efficiency. The cooling effect of the machine improves the service life of the generator.

The working process of the external cooler 34 and the cooler 25 is: the outer cooler 34 delivers cooling liquid to the cooler 25 through the inlet pipe 35, and exchanges heat with the wind in the internal circulation in the cooler 25, and then becomes Hot water flows into the external cooler 34 through the liquid outlet pipe 36 for cooling, and then continues to circulate as the above process, which improves the cooling effect of the air flow in the inner circulation in the cooler 25, thereby improving the cooling effect of the generator and increasing The service life of large generators.

The working process of the starting of the generator as a motor is: (1) motor operation: as shown in Figure 10, when the wind generator is at low wind speed or difficult to start, the excitation control device 16 is disconnected from the grid 17, and the exciter stator winding The current is zero, the generator is running in the motoring mode, the generator stator winding is connected to the grid 17, and the grid 17 provides AC current to the generator stator winding through the bidirectional frequency converter 15, at this time, a current is generated in the air gap 14 between the stator 2021 and the rotor 2022 A rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field generates relative motion with the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator winding cuts the magnetic force line to generate an induced electromotive force in the generator rotor winding and the damper winding 38, and the generator rotor winding and the resistance winding are closed. Induced current appears in the rotor winding and damping winding 38, and the rotating magnetic field interacts with the induced current to generate electromagnetic torque to make the rotor 2022 of the generator rotate and realize asynchronous operation, thereby solving the problem of the wind turbine at low wind speed or difficult to start . When the generator operates as a motor, the rotation speed of the generator as a motor is adjusted by adjusting the output frequency of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 . (2) Generator operation: When the wind speed increases and the generator speed meets the cut-in wind speed, first let the generator run in the above-mentioned motor state, and drive the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the alternating current is induced in the exciter rotor winding. After being rectified by the rotating rectifying device 161, the DC current is input into the rotor winding of the generator, and the stator winding of the generator induces a three-phase alternating current. At this time, the two-way frequency converter 15 is controlled to temporarily stop working, the generator exits the motor working state, and the torque generated by the blade 3 drives the bracket 201 to rotate, and the bracket 201 drives the generator rotor 2022 and the exciter rotor 2032 to rotate, and the excitation control device 16 was put into work, and the generators began to operate as synchronous generators. After the motor is converted into a generator, the bidirectional frequency converter 15 is put into operation again, and the three-phase alternating current in the stator winding of the generator is rectified and filtered by the bidirectional frequency converter 15, and then connected to the power grid 17 to implement generator operation. When the wind speed changes, the rotational speed of the generator changes accordingly, and the frequency of the induced current in the stator winding of the generator also changes. At this time, the operating parameters of the bidirectional frequency converter 15 can be adjusted to ensure that the output frequency remains unchanged, and realize variable speed and constant frequency. run. When the generator is running in the generator state, the excitation current obtained by the rotor winding of the generator is adjusted by adjusting the current output of the excitation control device 16, so as to realize the adjustment of the output power of the generator. (3) When the wind speed exceeds a certain range, the connection between the excitation control device 16 and the power grid 17 is disconnected, and the two-way frequency converter 15 is also disconnected from the generator. The power generation system does not consume or output electric energy. At the same time, the brake The device can also limit the rotational speed of the generator to prevent the wind turbine from being damaged.

The maintenance and detection of the vertical wind power generator is realized through the lifting system and the crane 80. The realization process is: the operator can reach any generator unit 2 in the tower column 1 through the lifting system, and can also reach the crane 90, The operator can operate on the suspension hook 807 in the crane 90, and the suspension hook 807 is connected with the hoisting mechanism 809 by a drag cable 808. Like this, the vertical position of the suspension hook 807 can be adjusted. Lifting trolley 805, lifting trolley 805 can slide on guide rail 806, like this, can adjust the position of suspension hook 807 in the horizontal direction, because slewing tower 801 can rotate 360 °, therefore, operator can be on the vertical wind turbine Maintenance and testing can be carried out anywhere, without the need to build maintenance towers and other large-scale equipment, which greatly saves maintenance costs and time for maintenance and testing.

Claims (17)

1. a vertical wind power generator comprises king-post, one or more generator units and the blade more than two;

It is characterized in that: the central axis of described king-post is vertical with horizontal plane;

Described generator unit comprises support, generator and exciter;

Described support comprises support arm and inner support;

Described generator comprises stator and rotor, and the stator fixed cover is located on the king-post, and rotor is located at outside the stator, and is installed on the inner support, and described stator is provided with the generator unit stator winding, and rotor is provided with the generator amature winding;

Described exciter comprises exciter stator and exciter rotor, the exciter stator fixed cover is located on the king-post, and exciter rotor is located at outside the exciter stator, and is installed on the inner support, described exciter stator is provided with the exciter stator winding, and exciter rotor is provided with the exciter rotor winding;

Be provided with excitation controlling device and rotary rectification device in the described support, the generator unit stator winding connects with the exciter stator winding by excitation controlling device, and the generator amature winding connects with the exciter rotor winding by rotary rectification device; Described generator unit stator winding is connected with bi-directional frequency converter; The other end of bi-directional frequency converter is connected with electrical network, and connects with excitation controlling device;

Described support lower end is provided with the first different flange of two ends cross section up and down, the first flange lower end is provided with clutch shaft bearing, the outer ring of clutch shaft bearing is connected with the small end of first flange, and the inner ring fixed cover of clutch shaft bearing is located on the king-post, and the big end of first flange is connected with the lower end of support;

Described support upper end is provided with the second different flange of two ends cross section up and down, the upper end of second flange is provided with second bearing, the outer ring of second bearing is connected with the small end that second method connects, and the inner ring fixed cover of second bearing is located on the king-post, and the big end of second flange is connected with the upper end of support;

The top of described second bearing is provided with the 3rd bearing, and the inner ring fixed cover of the 3rd bearing is located on the king-post;

Described blade comprises more than one blade unit, and the cross section of described blade unit is an Olive Shape small in ends broad in the middle, and the wherein end in two small ends is arcuation, and the other end is most advanced and sophisticated; Described blade unit comprises skeleton and blade, blade is installed on the skeleton, at blade unit in the radial direction, one end of blade is provided with first blade tip, the other end of blade is provided with second blade tip, and the afterbody of first blade tip is the arcuation of described blade unit, and the afterbody of second blade tip is the tip of described blade unit, the head of first blade tip extend in the blade, and the head of second blade tip extend in the blade; Be provided with between the described skeleton and first blade tip and drive first movement means that first blade tip moves along the blade unit radial direction, be provided with between the skeleton and second blade tip and drive second movement means that second blade tip moves along the blade unit radial direction; Be provided with first set of rails between described first blade tip and the blade, be provided with second set of rails between second blade tip and the blade, it is curved that described blade unit connects the back; The upper end of described blade is connected with the outer ring of the 3rd bearing, and the lower end of blade is connected with the outer ring of second bearing;

Described generator unit is provided with cooling system, and described cooling system comprises fan blade, cooler, seal disc and fan; Be provided with the support air channel between described support arm and the inner support; Described stator, rotor, exciter stator and exciter rotor are provided with the air channel; The underpart of inner support is provided with exhaust outlet, and the upper end portion of inner support is provided with intake grill; The support air channel communicates with exhaust outlet and intake grill; On the outer wall that is located at support arm that described fan blade tilts; Described seal disc is located on the king-post, and is positioned at the upper end portion of inner support; Fan is located on the seal disc, and cooler is located at the top of fan;

Described king-post top is provided with hoist;

Described king-post is hollow king-post, is provided with elevating system in the king-post.

2. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: second flange top is provided with the 3rd flange on the described king-post, and the 3rd flange is connected with second flange; The 3rd flange top is provided with the 4th flange on the described king-post, and the 4th flange is connected with the outer ring of described the 3rd bearing; Be provided with the link of transmitting torque between described the 3rd flange and the 4th flange, the upper end of link is connected with the 4th flange, and the lower end of link is connected with the 3rd flange;

Described blade upper end is connected with the 4th flange, and the lower end of blade is connected with the 3rd flange.

3. vertical wind power generator according to claim 2 is characterized in that: described link is a hollow tubular, and described hollow tubular is set in outside the king-post, and the upper end of hollow tubular is connected with the 4th flange, and the lower end of hollow tubular is connected with the 3rd flange.

4. vertical wind power generator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described link comprises the connecting rod more than two, the upper end of described connecting rod is connected with the 4th flange, the lower end of connecting rod is connected with the 3rd flange, described connecting rod be arranged on king-post outer and with the concentric circumference of king-post cross section on; Described connecting rod upper edge king-post cross-sectional direction is provided with stiffening rib.

5. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described stator lower end surface is provided with the stator bracket, and stator bracket fixed cover is located on the king-post; Described exciter stator lower end surface is provided with the exciter stator bracket, and exciter stator bracket fixed cover is located on the king-post; Described clutch shaft bearing inner ring lower end surface is provided with the clutch shaft bearing bracket, and clutch shaft bearing bracket fixed cover is located on the king-post; The described second bearing inner race lower end surface is provided with the second bearing bracket, and the second bearing bracket fixed cover is located on the king-post; Described the 3rd bearing inner race lower end surface is provided with the 3rd bearing bracket, and the 3rd bearing bracket fixed cover is located on the king-post.

6. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rotor is provided with Damper Winding, and Damper Winding comprises end ring and amortisseur bar, and amortisseur bar is installed on the end ring.

7. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described first flange is frustum type, horn shape, " protruding " font or stepped ramp type; Second flange is frustum type, horn shape, " protruding " font or stepped ramp type.

8. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: be provided with the 5th flange between the described support and first flange, the upper-end surface of the 5th flange is connected with support, and the lower end surface is connected with the big end of first flange; Be provided with the 6th flange between the described support and second flange, the upper-end surface of the 6th flange is connected with the big end of second flange, and the lower end surface is connected with support; Be arranged with the 7th flange outside the outer ring of described second bearing, the upper-end surface of the 7th flange is connected with the 3rd flange, and the lower end surface is connected with the small end of second flange.

9. according to each described vertical wind power generator of claim 2 to 5, it is characterized in that: be provided with the eight treating observances orchid between described blade lower end and the 3rd flange, be provided with the 9th flange between blade upper end and the 4th flange.

10. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described first movement means is first hydraulic system, and second movement means is second hydraulic system; Described first hydraulic system comprises first oil hydraulic pump, first hydrovalve, first hydraulic tube and first oil hydraulic cylinder; Described first oil hydraulic cylinder comprises first hydraulic cylinder, first piston, first piston bar and first seal arrangement, described first hydraulic cylinder is connected with skeleton away from an end of first piston bar, and the first piston bar is connected with first blade tip away from an end of first hydraulic cylinder; Described second hydraulic system comprises second oil hydraulic pump, second hydrovalve, second hydraulic tube and second oil hydraulic cylinder; Described second oil hydraulic cylinder comprises second hydraulic cylinder, second piston, second piston rod and second seal arrangement, described second hydraulic cylinder is connected with skeleton away from an end of second piston rod, and second piston rod is connected with second blade tip away from an end of second hydraulic cylinder.

11. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first movement means is first pressure system, first pressure system comprises first air compressor and first pneumatic cylinder, first pneumatic cylinder comprises the first air pressure cylinder body, first pneumaticpiston, the first pneumaticpiston bar and first pressurized seal device, the described first air pressure cylinder body is installed on the skeleton, and the first pneumaticpiston bar is connected with first blade tip away from an end of the first air pressure cylinder body; Described second movement means is second pressure system, second pressure system comprises second air compressor and second pneumatic cylinder, second pneumatic cylinder comprises the second air pressure cylinder body, second pneumaticpiston, the second pneumaticpiston bar and second pressurized seal device, the described second air pressure cylinder body is installed on the skeleton, and the second pneumaticpiston bar is connected with second blade tip away from an end of the second air pressure cylinder body.

12. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described first movement means comprises first screw mandrel, first nut, first motor, plural first linear bearing and clutch shaft bearing seat, described clutch shaft bearing seat is installed on the blade, first linear bearing is installed on the clutch shaft bearing seat, described first nut is installed on first blade tip, one end of described first screw mandrel is connected with first motor, described first screw mandrel is meshed with first nut, is provided with first coupling between described first motor and first screw mandrel; Described second movement means comprises second screw mandrel, second nut, second motor, plural second linear bearing and second bearing support, described second bearing support is installed on the blade, second linear bearing is installed on second bearing support, described second nut is installed on second blade tip, one end of described second screw mandrel is connected with second motor, described second screw mandrel is meshed with second nut, is provided with second coupling between described second motor and second screw mandrel.

13. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described blade is provided with first Stamping Steel Ribbon near the end of first blade tip, is provided with second Stamping Steel Ribbon in the end of close second blade tip of blade; Be provided with the blade stiffening rib between described skeleton and the blade.

14. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be connected with external cooler on the described cooler, external cooler is located in the king-post.

15. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described hoist comprises revolution pylon, shear leg, balance arm, balancer weight, trolley, carriage walking mechanism, suspension hook, drag-line, lifting mechanism and control system;

Described turret is erected on the king-post top, shear leg and balance arm are installed on the revolution pylon, balancer weight is installed in an end of balance arm, carriage walking mechanism is arranged on the shear leg, trolley is arranged in the carriage walking mechanism, suspension hook is arranged at the trolley below, and suspension hook is connected with an end of described drag-line, and the other end of drag-line is connected with lifting mechanism;

Described carriage walking mechanism is the guide rail that is arranged on the shear leg, and described trolley is located on the described guide rail;

Be provided with the balance arm pull bar between described revolution pylon top and balance arm, balance arm pull bar one end is fixedlyed connected with revolution pylon top, and the balance arm pull bar the other end is fixedlyed connected with balance arm; Be provided with the shear leg pull bar between described revolution pylon top and shear leg, shear leg pull bar one end is fixedlyed connected with revolution pylon top, and the shear leg pull bar the other end is fixedlyed connected with shear leg.

16. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described elevating system is an elevator, and described elevator comprises car and car elevator mechanism.

17. vertical wind power generator according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the outer ring of described clutch shaft bearing, second bearing and the 3rd bearing is provided with braking device.

Images