CN101514801A - 照明装置 - Google Patents
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- CN101514801A CN101514801A CNA2008103003881A CN200810300388A CN101514801A CN 101514801 A CN101514801 A CN 101514801A CN A2008103003881 A CNA2008103003881 A CN A2008103003881A CN 200810300388 A CN200810300388 A CN 200810300388A CN 101514801 A CN101514801 A CN 101514801A
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- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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- G02B6/0035—Means for improving the coupling-out of light from the light guide provided on the surface of the light guide or in the bulk of it
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
一种照明装置,包括至少一发光元件以及一导光板,该导光板包括一入光面以及一出光面,该导光板内设有荧光物质,该至少一发光元件发出具有第一波长的光且从所述入光面耦合进入该导光板内,进入该导光板内的一部分具有第一波长的光经由荧光物质转换成至少一具有第二波长的光,该至少一具有第二波长的光与该发光元件的另一部分具有第一波长的光混合形成白光并从所述出光面射出。上述照明装置可降低或消除炫光现象的出现,并产生柔和舒适的效果,从而减少对眼睛产生的刺激。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种照明装置,特别涉及一种利用发光二极管等固态发光元件的照明装置。
背景技术
随着科学技术的发展及进步,发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode,LED)因具光质佳(也即光源述出的光谱)及发光效率高等特性而逐渐取代冷阴极荧光灯(Cold CathodeFluorescent Lamp,CCFL)作为照明装置的发光元件,具体可参见Michael S.Shur等人在文献Proceedings of the IEEE,Vol.93,No.10(2005年10月)中发表的“Solid-StateLighting:Toward Superior Illumination”一文。
然而,随着人工照明的普及化,人们越来越重视光对自然环境、人类身心健康的影响,例如光污染(夜间光害)、眩光造成人眼的伤害等等。眩光(glare)是指光源对眼睛产生的刺激,在其他条件相同的情况下,光源越亮,对眼睛所造成的伤害就越大。
发明内容
有鉴于此,有必要提供一种减少对眼睛产生刺激的照明装置。
一种照明装置,包括至少一发光元件以及一导光板,该导光板包括一入光面以及一出光面,该导光板内设有荧光物质,该至少一发光元件发出具有第一波长的光且从所述入光面耦合进入该导光板内,进入该导光板内的一部分具有第一波长的光经由荧光物质转换成至少一具有第二波长的光,该至少一具有第二波长的光与该发光元件的另一部分具有第一波长的光混合形成白光并从所述出光面射出。
一种照明装置,包括至少一发光元件以及一导光板,该导光板包括一入光面以及一出光面,该导光板内设有荧光物质、介电材料以及孔隙,该至少一发光元件发出具有第一波长的光且从所述入光面耦合进入该导光板内,进入该导光板内的一部分具有第一波长的光经由荧光物质转换成至少一具有第二波长的光,该至少一具有第二波长的光与该发光元件的另一部分具有第一波长的光混合形成白光并从所述出光面射出。
与现有技术相比,上述照明装置中的导光板内设有荧光物质,使得该发光元件所发出的光被该荧光物质吸收并转换成不同角度的光出射,从而均匀分布于该导光板的出光面上,可降低由出光面射出的光的辉度,降低或消除炫光现象的出现,并产生柔和舒适的效果,减少对眼睛产生的刺激。另外,由于导光板内的荧光物质的作用,发光元件发出的光可最终混合形成白光,可便于上述照明装置在照明领域中的应用。
附图说明
图1为本发明第一较佳实施例的照明装置的剖面示意图。
图2为本发明第二较佳实施例的照明装置的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图,结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的描述。
图1所示为本发明第一较佳实施例的照明装置10,该照明装置10包括一导光板13、若干发光二极管11以及与这些发光二极管11分别对应的若干光耦合元件17,每一光耦合元件17位于该导光板13与对应的一发光二极管11之间。
这些发光二极管11选自发光波长介于紫外光(ultraviolet light,UV light)与蓝绿光之间的各种发光二极管的一种或多种,其分别贴设于对应的光耦合元件17上,相当于主光源。
这些光耦合元件17均成锥台形,其具有位于顶端的一耦合入光面171、位于底端的一耦合出光面172以及将耦合入光面171与耦合出光面172连接的一倾斜的周面173,该耦合入光面171的面积大于该耦合出光面172的面积,该耦合入光面171、耦合出光面172分别与发光二极管11、导光板13紧邻。这些光耦合元件17具有透光的特性,其由透明材料制成,如硅胶(silicone)、树脂(resin)、玻璃(glass)、压克力(acrylics,化学名称为聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(polymethyl methacrylate,PMMA))、石英(quartz)、聚碳酸酯(Polycarbonate,PC)、环氧树脂(epoxy)、聚乙烯丙烯酸脂(Polyacrylate)等,这些光耦合元件17的光穿透率至少达到70%,折射率为1.4~1.7。
该导光板13紧邻这些光耦合元件17,其也具有透光的特性,组成该导光板13的材料与组成这些光耦合元件17的材料基本相同,如硅胶等,该导光板13的光穿透率至少达到70%,折射率为1.4~1.7。
该导光板13为平板状,其具有一入光面131以及与该入光面131相对设置的一出光面132,该入光面131与光耦合元件17的耦合出光面172紧邻。该导光板13内形成若干个孔隙134,这些孔隙134是通过一高能量密度的电磁波照射该导光板13的内部,使内部物质受到破坏而产生。
该导光板13内还分布有若干荧光物质138以及若干介电材料139。
这些荧光物质138相当于次光源,这些荧光物质138与发光二极管11的组合可选自:黄色荧光物质与蓝光二极管,红、绿色荧光物质与蓝光二极管,以及红、绿、蓝色荧光物质与紫外光二极管。这些荧光物质138被发光二极管11所发出的一部分光所激发并转换成不同角度出射的光,这些荧光物质138射出的光的波长大于发光二极管11所发出的光的波长,这些荧光物质138射出的光与该发光二极管11所发出的另一部分光混合形成一白光。组成这些荧光物质138的材质可为硫化物(sulfide)、铝酸盐(aluminate)、氧化物(oxide)、硅酸盐(silicate)、氮化物(nitride)等。
这些介电材料139可使进入该导光板13的光的方向发生不同角度的改变,从而使光产生散射,有利于光均匀分布于出光面132上。这些介电材料139的材质可为氧化铝(Al2O3)、氧化钛(TiO2)、氧化硅(SiO2)、氮化硅(SiNx)、氟化钙(CaF2)、硫酸钡(BaSO4)、氧化锌(ZnO)、氧化硼(B2O3)、氧化铌(Nb2O)、钠氧化(Na2O)、氧化锂(LixOy)等。
该照明装置10工作时,这些发光二极管11发出的光由光耦合元件17的耦合入光面171分别进入光耦合元件17内,其中一部分光直接由耦合出光面172射出该光耦合元件17;其中另一部分光则射向光耦合元件17的倾斜的周面173,并于周面173处发生全反射,也由耦合出光面172射出该光耦合元件17。射出该光耦合元件17的光由该导光板13的入光面131进入该导光板13内,进入该导光板13内的一部分光直接射向该导光板13的出光面132,并由该出光面132射出;进入该导光板13内的另一部分光则射向孔隙134,改变原来的方向后直接或间接由该出光面132射出;进入该导光板13内的又一部分光射向介电材料139,改变原来的方向后直接或间接由该出光面132射出;进入该导光板13内的再一部分光射向荧光物质138,被这些荧光物质138吸收并转换成不同角度出射的光直接或间接由该出光面132射出。
上述照明装置10中,这些发光二极管11设于光耦合元件17的耦合入光面171上,该荧光物质138设于该导光板13内,即发光二极管11与荧光物质138的相对分离设置,可防止荧光物质138受热,有利于降低荧光物质138的环境温度,从而提高照明装置10的寿命及其光转换效率。另外,该导光板13内的孔隙134、荧光物质138以及介电材料139可使进入该导光板13的光的方向发生不同角度的改变,从而使光产生散射,有利于光均匀分布于出光面132上,特别是荧光物质138,其可被射向其内的光所激发并发出不同角度出射的光,最后由该导光板13的出光面132射出,从而进一步使光均匀地分布于该出光面132上,即将辉度极强的发光二极管11所发出的光均匀地分散至一较大面积的出光面132上,从而降低或消除炫光现象的出现,并产生柔和舒适的效果,减少对眼睛产生的刺激。再者,这些荧光物质138吸收该发光二极管11所发出的一部分光并转换成波长较长的光,该荧光物质138射出的光与该发光二极管11所发出的另一部分光混合形成一白光,以便于在照明领域的应用。
当然,上述光耦合元件17可与该导光板13分离设置,也可与该导光板13一体成型。这些光耦合元件17的倾斜的周面173还可镀上反射率高的材料,以防止光由该倾斜的周面173射出,而造成光能损失。
图2为本发明第二较佳实施例的照明装置20的剖面示意图,该照明装置20与第一实施例中的照明装置10不同的是:该照明装置20的导光板23的出光面232上设有若干彼此相互紧邻的凹陷233。
这些凹陷233的口径不大于5mm,每一凹陷233具有至少一倾斜的侧壁235,该倾斜的侧壁235可为锥面、球面或椭球面(横截面为光滑平面或光滑曲面)。这些凹陷233可呈长条状或网点分布于该出光面232上。这些凹陷233可破坏导光板23原有的平滑出光面,使发光二极管11发出的光顺利穿透该出光面232,射出该导光板23。这些凹陷232可使光于出光面232处产生不规则的折射,从而使射出该出光面232的光不会集中向着某一特定的方向,以产生均匀分布的效果。另外,这些凹陷233的表面还可进一步设为粗糙表面,以进一步使光于出光面232处发生不规则的折射。
该出光面232上的凹陷233可采用压印、微机电(MEMs)的方法来制作,也可采用半导体制程来制作,如光刻(lithography)、蚀刻(etching)等,还可采用模具一体成型的方法来制作,如射出成形(injection molding)等。
这些凹陷233内填设有荧光物质238,该荧光物质238与导光板23的孔隙134内的荧光物质138相同。
将该荧光物质238填设于该出光面232上的凹陷233内时,该荧光物质238可先混合于液态的胶体中,如树脂、环氧树脂、硅胶等类似的热固型聚合物或紫外线固化的聚合物中,并将此混合物涂布或平铺于该导光板23的表面上,填充所有的凹陷233,再利用加热或照射紫外光将其固化。该荧光物质238通过与胶体混合,可避免荧光物质238直接与外界空气接触,防止荧光物质238吸收外界空气中的水分而变质,且可简化填充的制程。
该照明装置20工作时,发光二极管11发出的光由光耦合元件17从入光面231进入该导光板23内,并直接或经由该导光板13内的孔隙134、荧光物质138以及介电材料139改变原来的方向后射向该导光板23的出光面232,射向该出光面232的光则经由该出光面232上的凹陷233,且于凹陷233的倾斜的侧壁235处发生折射,激发凹陷233内的荧光物质238发出不同角度出射的光,射出该导光板23。
上述照明装置10、20应用广泛,既可用于车内照明、船舱内照明,也可用于室内照明,如桌灯、天花板灯中,还可用于广告牌或显示器的背光源。
Claims (13)
1.一种照明装置,包括至少一发光元件以及一导光板,该导光板包括一入光面以及一出光面,其特征在于:该导光板内设有荧光物质,该至少一发光元件发出具有第一波长的光且从所述入光面耦合进入该导光板内,进入该导光板内的一部分具有第一波长的光经由荧光物质转换成至少一具有第二波长的光,该至少一具有第二波长的光与该发光元件的另一部分具有第一波长的光混合形成白光并从所述出光面射出。
2.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该导光板内还设有介电材料。
3.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该导光板内还设有多个孔隙。
4.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该第二波长大于该第一波长。
5.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该导光板的出光面上设有多个凹陷。
6.如权利要求5所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该多个凹陷的至少其中之一内设有荧光物质。
7.如权利要求5所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该多个凹陷彼此紧邻地分布于该出光面上。
8.如权利要求1所述的照明装置,其特征在于:还包括与该至少一发光元件相对应的至少一光耦合元件,该光耦合元件由透明材料制成,其设于该至少一发光元件与导光板的入光面之间。
9.如权利要求8所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该至少一光耦合元件为锥台形。
10.如权利要求9所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该至少一光耦合元件具有一耦合入光面、一耦合出光面以及将耦合入光面与耦合出光面连接的一倾斜的周面,该耦合入光面的面积小于该耦合出光面的面积。
11.一种照明装置,包括至少一发光元件以及一导光板,该导光板包括一入光面以及一出光面,其特征在于:该导光板内设有荧光物质、介电材料以及孔隙,该至少一发光元件发出具有第一波长的光且从所述入光面耦合进入该导光板内,进入该导光板内的一部分具有第一波长的光经由荧光物质转换成至少一具有第二波长的光,该至少一具有第二波长的光与该发光元件的另一部分具有第一波长的光混合形成白光并从所述出光面射出。
12.如权利要求11所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该导光板的出光面上设有多个凹陷。
13.如权利要求12所述的照明装置,其特征在于:该多个凹陷的至少其中之一内设有荧光物质。
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| US20090213618A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
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