CN101505592A - Patch for expelling insect toxins from the skin after stings from hymenoptera insects - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a patch for expelling insect toxins from the skin after stings from membranous insects (Hymenoptera). The patch is characterized by comprising a toxin-aspirating matrix containing a expulsion agent and a swelling layer which swells upon addition of a liquid through a hole in the top of the patch thereby applying a slight pressure to the toxin-aspirating matrix towards the skin, thereby achieving a local and soothing effect. In one embodiment, the matrix further comprises a local anesthetic. The expulsion agent is, for example, a carbohydrate. The swelling layer is composed of, for example, silica gel.

Description

Patches for expulsion of insect toxins from the skin following bites by Hymenoptera insects

technical field

The present invention relates to a patch comprising an expulsion agent for expulsion of toxins from the skin following stings of insects of the order membranous.

Background technique

Among the venomous Danish hymenoptera, there are about 250 different species of bees, 20 different species of bumble bees, and 4000 to 5000 different species of wasps, of which 6 species of hornets, as well as dianthus and spider wasps, have venomous stingers.

Each summer, these hymenopteran insects cause many irritations and fears among children and adults who are afraid of the bites of these insects. In Denmark, 10,000 patients are treated for insect bites each year, of whom an average of 2 patients die.

Hymenopteran insects such as bees, wasps and hornets use their stingers as part of their defense. When an insect bites, the toxin is pumped from the spine and into the skin. Bites are always unpleasant, causing swelling, sudden redness, pain, and skin irritation after a few minutes to a few hours, and itching that may last up to 1 week. In the case of allergic people, several bites or a single bite can cause a dangerous condition such as anaphylactic shock, with symptoms such as: swollen tongue, decreased blood pressure, respiratory distress, abdominal pain, hives, vomiting, and diarrhea. Bee venom contains an acid fluid composition containing i.a. histamine and melittin and enzymes that enhance the effect of the toxin. The toxin increases blood flow to the bite and lyses red blood cells, causing pain and redness in the bite. Bees can attack in swarms, they can chase their victims and inflict up to a dozen stings on those attacked. Bumble bee venom is alkaline and contains more histamine than honey bee venom, as well as serotonin which is not found in bee venom. Because of the potency of the toxin, it can be potentially fatal to a 4- to 5-year-old child who is bitten.

There are known methods of avoiding the unpleasant effects of insect bites, such as applying a local anesthetic to the skin. This treatment only relieves the pain and does not remove the toxins left by the bite, which is desired in order to reduce a potential allergic reaction.

。将此类排毒器的末端置于叮咬处，产生一种能吸收毒素的真空。这种方法的缺点是向已经肿胀起来的区域添加了额外的机械应力和疼痛应力，该方法一次只能处理一个叮咬部位，而且这样的设备本身要用一个袋子或口袋携带因而不方便。Methods of removing this toxin include different types of detox devices such as the Giftsuger that is commercially available

. Place the end of these detoxifiers over the bite to create a vacuum that draws out toxins. The disadvantage of this approach is that it adds extra mechanical and painful stress to the already swollen area, it can only treat one bite site at a time, and the device itself is inconvenient to carry in a bag or pocket.

An old home remedy is to place a sugar cube on the bite area so that the sugar cube will draw out the toxin by osmosis. The disadvantage of this method is that the sugar cube disintegrates or partially dissolves quickly, and the sugar cube is held on the skin with some pressure, which limits the method to only one or two bites at a time. In addition, it is undesirable for a bitten person to come into contact with such a sugar, since attracting insects to the sugar implies an additional risk of biting.

What has not been described before is the use of patches to extract or drive out insect toxins. However, patches that apply pressure or contain a local anesthetic have been used on open wounds and bites.

US 5823983 relates to a patch with a swelling layer in which blood or another fluid causes the layer to swell, thereby exerting pressure on the wound while drawing out the blood. The patch is not suitable for bee stings because it does not contain an agent that draws out the toxin.

WO 03034900 relates to an anesthetic-containing patch designed for open wounds. The patch is not suitable for bee stings because it does not contain an agent that draws out the toxin and because the required pressure is not achieved.

WO 0009176 relates to a patch which is able to draw fluid out of wounds by means of carbohydrate-based adsorption, with the aim of shortening the healing period. In addition, the patch contains antibiotics and antiseptics, making it suitable primarily for open wounds.

US 6120792 relates to a patch with an anesthetic and a liquid-absorbing layer. The patch is not suitable for insect bites because it does not contain an agent that detoxifies the insect.

Contents of the invention

Summary of the invention

The present invention provides for the first time a patch capable of detoxifying or extracting toxins from insect bites. The patch comprises a drug-absorbing matrix with an expelling agent capable of expelling toxins, wherein this expelling agent is only available to the bite area, so if such an agent, for example, contains carbohydrates, the It does not induce more insects while the drug matrix exerts slight pressure on the bite site, thereby increasing repellency. Simultaneous treatment of several bites can be achieved by using several patches, either one patch on each bite area at a time, or larger patches covering multiple bites at a time. By enclosing the drug substrate and the swelling layer in one patch, a localized, stable impact on the bitten skin area is achieved. In one embodiment of the invention, the substrate layer contains a local anesthetic which further produces a palliative effect.

Brief description of the drawings

Explanation of drawings

Figure 1 illustrates the structure of a patch according to the invention seen from above (1), the different layers (1-6) of the patch according to the invention, and a patch according to the invention seen from below ( 7).

Detailed description of the invention

The patch according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises:

an outer layer that is larger than and covers the other underlying adjacent layers of the patch and that includes an adhesive or an adhesive layer on at least that portion of the underside of this outer layer that is in contact with the skin (see Figure 1 ,1);

The basal layer, which contains detoxifying agents (see Figures 1, 5);

- and a removable protective layer (not shown on Figure 1).

In a preferred embodiment, the patch according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises:

an outer layer which is larger than and covers the other underlying adjacent layers of the patch and which comprises an adhesive or an adhesive layer on at least that part of the underside of this outer layer which is in contact with the skin, and which A layer is further characterized by comprising one or several holes through which liquid can be added to one or more underlying layers of the patch (see Figures 1, 1);

A permeable membrane that allows liquids to penetrate into the underlying swelling layer (see Figures 1, 2);

● swelling layer (see Figures 1, 3);

a membrane, which separates the swelling layer from the underlying substrate layer (see Figures 1, 4);

The basal layer, which contains detoxifying agents (see Figures 1, 5);

● Optionally, a permeable membrane consisting of gauze or the like, which allows penetration of insect toxins into the substrate layer and which completely or partially encases the substrate layer together with the membrane (see Figures 1, 4) (see Figure 1, 6);

- and a removable protective layer (not shown on Figure 1).

Both the outer layer and the optional membrane separating the optional swelling layer from the underlying substrate layer may be made of a breathable or occluded material comprising polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylidene chloride Ethylene, polyethylene, polyurethane, polyester, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, coated paper products, aluminum sheet, etc., and combinations thereof . The outer layer may be an integral layer or a multilayer laminate layer and either has an added adhesive or consists of a multilayer laminate layer including an adhesive layer. The adhesive or adhesive layer is formed on the basis of standard prior art pressure sensitive adhesives. Examples of pressure sensitive adhesives include, but are not limited to, polyacrylates, polysiloxanes, polyisobutylene (PIB), polyisoprene, polybutadiene, styrenic block polymers, and the like. Examples of styrene block copolymer based adhesives include, but are not limited to, styrene-isoprene-styrene block copolymer (SIS), styrene-butadiene-styrene copolymer (SBS), styrene Ethylene-ethylene-butylene-styrene copolymer (SEBS) and its diblock analogues. In certain embodiments, plasticizers or binders are added to the adhesive composition in order to improve the adhesive properties. Examples of suitable binders include, but are not limited to, aliphatic hydrocarbons (carbonhydrides), aromatic hydrocarbons, hydrogenated esters, polyterpenes, hydrogenated wood resins, binder resins such as ESCOREZ, aliphatic hydrocarbon resins produced by cationic polymerization of petrochemical raw materials or thermal polymerization of petrochemical raw materials and subsequent hydrogenation, resin ester binders, etc., mineral oils, and combinations thereof.

The optional membrane between the outer layer and the optional swelling layer is composed of a material that allows the penetration of water or another liquid into the optional lower adjacent swelling layer. Thus, this material may be a permeable or semi-permeable membrane based on polymeric materials or the like.

The optional swelling layer is composed of a material capable of swelling upon addition of water or another liquid, such as silica gel, compressed cellulose, gel containing cellulose, calcium chloride, or combinations thereof.

The matrix layer comprising detoxifying agents such as those capable of contributing to the extraction of toxins by means of osmosis comprises, for example, carbohydrates selected from the group consisting of sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, or combinations thereof.

The optional permeable membrane is composed of a material such as gauze or the like that allows insect toxins to penetrate into the substrate layer.

The removable protective layer is manufactured from a polymeric material and an optional metallic coating. Examples of polymeric materials include polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polystyrene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate Alcohol esters, paper, etc., and combinations thereof.

A number of different materials are described above that can be used to make the different layers of the patch according to the invention. The invention includes the use of materials other than those specifically described herein, including such materials which may subsequently become prior art by virtue of their ability to perform the necessary function.

The effect of the patch's construction is that the base layer containing the detoxifying agent only contacts the bite area where it should have an effect, potentially via a permeable membrane. Where the detoxifying agent in this substrate layer contains carbohydrates, it does not attract more bees.

The effect of this swelling layer is that the matrix layer containing the detoxifier gently presses down towards the bite area, so toxins in the skin are delivered more quickly to the detoxifier, which may be carbohydrates.

In Figure 1, the patch is illustrated with a circular design, ie a core surrounded by an adhesive border, in contact with the bite area. However, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the patch according to the invention can be shaped in any manner known to patches, such as quadrangular, oval, or as a shape with a core and 2 conventional patches with adhesive flanks.

Figure 1 further illustrates how the patch is constructed with several different layers with respective functions.

1) Patches viewed from above. An outer layer made of the same material as a conventional patch, which has a central hole, circular, quadrangular, or another shape, through which a few drops of liquid can be added, so that layer 3) swells and moves toward Apply gentle pressure downward to the bite area. This will improve contact with the skin and provide faster transport of toxins in the skin to layer 5).

2) A liquid permeable membrane which allows liquids to penetrate into layer 3).

3) A swelling layer consisting of a material capable of swelling when water or another liquid is added.

4) Film separating layer 3) from layer 5).

5) A matrix layer containing a detoxifying agent, which may be a carbohydrate selected from the group consisting of sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, honey, or another carbohydrate, or another detoxifying agent.

6) An optional permeable membrane consisting of gauze or the like, which allows toxins from bee stings to penetrate into layer 5). At the same time, the membrane potentially completely or partially encases the substrate together with the membrane (4).

7) Patch seen from below. Adhesive added to the outer layer (1) or an adhesive layer laminated to the outer layer (1) enables the patch to stick to the skin. A patch center hole is placed on top of the bite area.

Detailed ways

Example

Example 1

A patch designed as illustrated in Figure 1, wherein

the matrix consists of cotton containing sugar crystals;

• The swelling layer is silica gel.

Example 2

A patch designed according to Example 1, to which water was added via a hole designed for this purpose in the upper layer of the patch. Thus, the depth of the swelling layer is increased.

Example 3

A patch designed according to Example 1 was applied to a fresh bee sting. An equivalent patch with a detoxifying agent-free matrix is applied to another fresh bee sting. After the patch was fixed, the time to experience relief occurred faster with the patch according to Example 1 than with the patch without the detoxifying agent.

Example 4

A patch designed according to Example 1 was applied to a fresh bee sting. Secure a sugar cube to another fresh bee sting. The time to relief was faster with the patch according to Example 1 than with the sugar cube.

Example 5

A patch designed as illustrated in Figure 1, wherein

The matrix consists of cotton containing sugar crystals and lidocaine,

• The swelling layer is silica gel.

Claims (11)

1. Patch, characterized in that it contains: an outer layer which is larger than and covers the other underlying adjacent layers of the patch and which comprises an adhesive or an adhesive layer on at least that part of the underside of this outer layer which is in contact with the skin; · The basal layer, which contains detoxifying agents; · and a removable protective layer. 2. Patch, characterized in that it contains: an outer layer which is larger than and covers the other underlying adjacent layers of the patch and which comprises an adhesive or an adhesive layer on at least that part of the underside of this outer layer which is in contact with the skin, and which The layers are further characterized as comprising one or more holes through which liquids can be added to one or more other underlying layers of the patch; A permeable membrane that allows liquid to penetrate into the underlying swelling layer; · Swelling layer; a membrane separating the swelling layer from the underlying substrate layer; · The basal layer, which contains detoxifying agents; a permeable membrane that allows insect toxins to penetrate into the substrate layer and which together with the membrane completely or partially encases the substrate layer; · and a removable protective layer. 3. A patch according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the matrix layer contains one or several local anesthetics selected from the group consisting of: lidocaine, benzocaine, procaine, mebenzylcaine , or a combination thereof. 4. The patch according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the detoxifying agent in the base layer comprises carbohydrates selected from the group consisting of sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, honey, or combinations thereof. 5. The patch according to claim 2, wherein the swelling layer is composed of a material selected from the group consisting of silica gel, compressed cellulose, calcium chloride, or combinations thereof. 6. A patch according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for repelling insect toxins from the bites of Hymenoptera insects. 7. Use of the following layers in the preparation of a patch for repelling insect toxins from bites of Hymenoptera insects (Hymenoptera) on humans and animals: an outer layer comprising an adhesive or an adhesive layer on at least that part of the underside of this outer layer which is in contact with the skin, • The substrate layer, which contains detoxifying agents. 8. Use of the following layers in the preparation of a patch for repelling insect toxins from bites of Hymenoptera insects (Hymenoptera) on humans and animals: an outer layer which is larger than and covers the other underlying adjacent layers of the patch and which comprises an adhesive or an adhesive layer on at least that part of the underside of this outer layer which is in contact with the skin, and which The layers are further characterized as comprising one or more holes through which liquids can be added to one or more other underlying layers of the patch; A permeable membrane that allows liquid to penetrate into the underlying swelling layer; · Swelling layer; a membrane separating the swelling layer from the underlying substrate layer; · The basal layer, which contains detoxifying agents; • An optional permeable membrane which allows penetration of the insect toxin into the substrate layer and which together with the membrane completely or partially encases the substrate layer. 9. Use according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the base layer of the patch contains one or more local anesthetics selected from the group consisting of lidocaine, benzocaine, procaine, mebenzylcaine, or a combination thereof. 10. The use according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the detoxifying agent of the substrate layer comprises carbohydrates selected from the group consisting of sucrose, glucose, dextrose, maltose, honey, or combinations thereof. 11. The use according to claim 8, wherein the swelling layer is composed of a material selected from the group consisting of silica gel, compressed cellulose, calcium chloride, or combinations thereof.

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