CN101401008A - Ultra-wideband radar sensor and network - Google Patents

Abstract

Ultra-wideband radar motion sensors strategically placed in an area of interest communicate with a wireless ad hoc network to provide remote area surveillance. The swept range pulse radar in combination with the motion sensor and the heartbeat and respiration monitor further improve discrimination.

Description

Ultra-wideband radar sensors and network

The cross reference of related application

The application requires the 60/763rd, the right of priority of No. 815 U.S. Provisional Patent Application, this application was submitted on January 30th, 2006, and " Strategic ad hoc low power ultra-wideband (UWB) rearguard sensors (RGS) " by name, this paper quotes this application as a reference.The application requires the right of priority of the 60/763rd, No. 785 U.S. Provisional Patent Application, and this application was submitted on January 30th, 2006, and " Low-Power Network UWB Radar Sensors " by name, this paper quotes this application as a reference.The application requires the 60/763rd, the right of priority of No. 814 U.S. Provisional Patent Application, this application was submitted on January 30th, 2006, " Cooperative Detection; Discrimination; and TrackingUltra-wideband Radar Sensor Network " by name, this paper quotes this application as a reference.

According to the W-7405-ENG-48 contract about the running of Lao Lunsi livermore national laboratory (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory) between USDOE and the University of California, U.S. government has right of the present invention.

Technical field

The present invention relates to ultra-wideband radar technology, and more specifically, the present invention relates to wireless ultra-wideband (UWB) sensor and network.

Background technology

Wireless distribution system is developed to monitor large-scale environment reliably on dual-use.Using for border management, infrastructure protection and network-centric warfare, is exceedingly useful to detection of motion.Current, have only few several perimeter security system (perimeter security system) to utilize the network of interconnected independently sensor.Most of circumference intrusion detection networks need be set up a large amount of infrastructure in advance.Some up-to-the-minute system utilization is around the scope of monitored whole circumference in the buried cable of predetermined depth placement.Other system adopts a series of camera or other motion sensors (motion sensor).All these selections all need to be used for sensor itself or are used for electrical energy transfer and the basic infrastructure of data communication.And most of current systems can not judge along the place of the invasion of the circumference generation of monitoring.In addition, current techniques can not provide the method that reliable target is differentiated.The general size of some system estimation invader and attempt to utilize this information simply to differentiate.

Before, a lot of independently researchists after deliberation by unite the ability of recognition objective based on exomonental ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR and step frequency wave system.These effort mainly concentrate on following signal processing method:

Eugene Wigner (Wigner) distribution (WD) combination autocorrelation function and Fourier transform are with expression signal on time domain that makes up and frequency domain.This technology be very useful for classifying from the backscattered signal of target.The researchist infers that dolphin comes submarine target classification (Gaunaurd, et al., 1996) (Stifors, et al., 2000) with similar method use WD.

Wavelet transformation is a kind of time-frequency technology, and this technology for the unstable attribute of observing super bandwidth radar return of great use.Can locate big bandwidth incident and with the ability of good frequency resolution positioning and fixing incident with high temporal resolution, the impulse response of identification signal and system (such as in the UWB target response, find those) aspect be very attractive.Wavelet theory allows time and frequency resolution to trade off, all to equate at all some places.Singular point (singularity) in the target pulse response positioned and classify be found to be the best approach (Chambers, et al., 1993) that is used for the detection and Identification signal.The uncontinuity of the force (interest) relevant with the UWB radar comes from the reflection of the different surfaces that produces pulse-echo and their derivant.The indication of size, direction and shape about target will be provided the detection of these features.Advantage is: (1) limit band and the incident in time limit can be positioned near on the resolution graticule mesh of best limit, (2) after the wavelet conversion, the maximum decline of crossing over very big numerical range allows the characteristic of partial discontinuous-obviously help target measurement, and the analysis strictness that (3) use wavelet transformation provides the observation chromatic dispersion more suitable than classic method to propagate the framework of (dispersivepropagation) corresponding to physical treatment.(Jouny，et?al.，1992，1994)(Fargues，et?al.1993)。

Delustring pulse (extinction-pulse:E-pulse) authentication schemes based on Singularity Expansion Method (sigularity expansion method) generally is used in the discriminating of ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR target.If the scattering target produces tangible intrinsic response (natural response) in the frequency range of radar, then can use this technology.The electric field of target scattering can be divided into early stage and later period response.The beginning of later period response is defined as last scattered radiation required maximum time amount from the object transmission to the receiving antenna.In early days corresponding to the response cycle that is forced to that produces response that localized specular reflections dominates when excitation waveform during by target from the target scattering center.Later period response is the free oscillation period of field wave through existing afterwards.

Although early stage response is very complicated, later period response can resolve into the finite sum at the damped sinusoid of the natural frequency place vibration of being determined by the target physical dimension.The E-pulse is the waveform of transient state, limited duration, is designed to offset the specific natural resonance of the target that appears in the later period response.Thereby when carrying out convolutional calculation with the target response in late period, the E-pulse can be used for differentiating the target with different natural frequencies characteristic.By with the convolution of minimum energy, from predetermined E-pulse storehouse, identify correct E-pulse.

Late period the E-pulse work with orientation-independent.Because target resonant frequency and excitation waveform are irrelevant, so no matter the angle of sight of the incident waveform on the target how, late period, the E-pulse work can work.Using a shortcoming of E-pulse work in late period is when the target resonance response can get, to have low signal intensity usually.Verified this technology of researchist can be worked in noise circumstance well; Yet,, will obtain uncertain result (Mooney, et al., 2000) if SNR is too low.

It may be desirable using the more complicated method of the early stage response of higher signal strength.Early stage technology has been cancelled the frequency domain sine function that is produced by the orientation relevant with the temporary position of direct reflection.Early stage technology can draw clearer result; But, must be object definition E-pulse in each different angle of sight.For the Target Recognition of optimizing, the researchist has worked out a kind of like this method, and this method has made up the E-pulse time-domain analysis and the early stage frequency domain that responds that are used for later period response and offset (Rothwell, et al., 1994).

Several studies personnel continue research, development and improve E-pulse method (Rothwell, et al., 1985,1986,1995 Chen, et al., 1986,1994 Ross, et al., 1990,1994,1998, Li, et al., 1998, Damjanschitz, et al., 1999).Said method is only considered simple target.Under multiobject situation, compare with the target of isolating, also must consider the influence of interosculating and the natural frequency difference of system.The shortcoming of conventional E-pulse analysis is that for analyzing late period, it need know the natural frequency of target in advance, and for early stage analysis, need know the place and the transport function at target scattering center in advance, and this function is the function of the angle of sight.Now studying the method that directly to extract the E-pulse and not need to know in advance their response.In addition, delivered the method for and minimizing computation requirement redundant recently from the early stage/method elimination in late period of making up.

Use the method for three rank statistics to represent to use conventional second order technology observed less than about non-Gaussian signal and nonlinear information.Higher-order spectrum (HOS) technology and is used for by extracting the two spectrum signatures relevant with texture properties with the physical dimension of target with target classification by ULTRA-WIDEBAND RADAR in being usually used in speech processes.

It is a kind of HOS technology that Kernal analyzes, and relates to the black-box system processing of target being used as impulse response the unknown.The experimental data of being made up of the return signal of incident waveform and all types of target is used to set up the different model of exponent number, to describe and the sorting pulse response.Utilize then and come from the backscattering echo of unknown object and the impulse response model that incident pulse determines to have best-fit.

A method that obtains the approximate transient pulse response of target comes from frequency domain physical optical method (FDPO).This technology is only compared extremely short frequency and is accurately for the angle of not introducing capable ripple at wavelength with target.Time domain physical optical method (TDPO) may more be applicable to the response model of setting up for big multiaspect target, because it has more effectively analyzed a large amount of scattering data (Skinner, et al., 1993).Maximum error in these technology is to be Target Modeling crooked on the direction of propagation, because the current phase place on surface can be advanced along object is non-linear.Skinner also reports in order the result accurately also to be needed know the bin subdivision (facetization) of target.

The morphic function (form-function) of use discrete Fourier transform (DFT) (DFT) technology in the backscatter radar section of spherical dielectric target predicted in research before (Abrahamasson et al., 1991).Target Recognition is to be used to target that the echo of self-scattering structure extracts resonate and carry out.Another kind is called the computing method (Skinner, et al., 1993) of FDPO and has reported the bin subdivision that accurately need understand target for the result.The research of upgrading (Mooney, et al., 2000) is used energy discrimination number (energy discrimination number, EDN) statistics for E-pulse Target Recognition.This work sutdy goes out to determine to go out from the M of a gang Target Recognition theoretical method of the probability of target.

Above-mentionedly be found to be the method that energy that utilization receives from target reflection differentiates and increased many important rudimentary knowledge, but, these technology are general to adopt higher power, and this higher power causes reflected energy obviously stronger.

Therefore, the sensor network that hope can have a kind of miniwatt to arrange, this sensor network can be arranged fast, and required infrastructure is few.Wish that this system can detect effectively, the identification and tracking target when target is passed circumference.The invention provides the method for operating of such equipment and this equipment.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide the network that behind group (ad hoc) low-power ultra-wideband (UWB) radar, protects (rear guard) sensor and this sensor.

Another purpose provides low-power network UWB radar sensor.

Another purpose provides cooperative detection, the identification and tracking that is undertaken by the UWB radar sensor networks.

Based on disclosing herein, these and other purposes will become clearly.

Embodiments of the invention use with strategic mode arrange and with the integrated UWB radar low power sensor of wireless ad hoc network (wireless ad hocnetwork), to be provided at such as the ability of growing distance detecting in the such harsh communication environments in chaotic block.This sensor network carries out continuous monitoring for intrusion detection, and information is forwarded to destination away from the zone that strategic importance is arranged.The sensor node utilization of Cai Yonging is in the UWB at fixed range place radar signal reflection in one embodiment, and if when at this scope place the significant abnormal motion being arranged, just provide alarm.This sensor network is used for the short-range applications of inter-node communication, infiltration communication (exfiltration communication), geo-location (geolocation) and motion detection.But, when with wireless ad hoc network when combined, they can obtain the monitoring capacity of very long distance.Identical sensor network can be modified as and can distinguish animal still is the invasion that the people causes.And, strategic sensor network among the present invention is not limited to intrusion detection, small modification just can make them can detect various types of chemistry and biopreparate, so that to reporting sensing data continuously away from the destination of area-of-interest (area of interest).Each node comprises wireless senser, GPS electronic equipment (for example, GPS transmitter and receiver), local communication and processing power.Each node is connected to each other and reticulates, and with " mother " node communication, should " mother " node as the long-range up-link of communicating by letter with remote supervisory station.

Using (such as the protection of the sniper in the tactics battlefield with concerning the silent monitoring of the activity of rebelling) for infrastructure protection and network-centric warfare, is exceedingly useful to the motion detection in zone important on the strategy.And, all be crucial from the ability of growing various chemistry of distance detecting and biopreparate for each government organs.

Strategy of the present invention can be used for monitoring reliably large-scale environment from organizing low-power UWB sensor network, to be used for such as the such civil applications of habitat monitoring, environment perception, health monitoring, home automation and wired home/working environment.It is exceedingly useful that motion detection is used for border management, infrastructure protection and network-centric warfare.Needing at present can be via the sensor network of radio link to can the disposing fast of remote monitor report sensing data, self-configuring.Wireless distribution system also is used in order to monitor large-scale environment reliably such as the such civil applications of habitat monitoring, environment perception, health monitoring, home automation and wired home/working environment.

Cooperation described herein distinguish sensor can interconnected one-tenth net so that detection, tracking and the discriminating to mankind's activity to be provided.The low-power network of these sensors detects motion, pursuit movement, and judges reliably whether main mobile object is the people.Some UWB associations of ideas provide gordian technique for this method.At first be to use micro-impulse radar and the low power motion sensor of the several months of can enough baby battery one-time continuous working reliably.The secondth, the dual radars motion tracking system.The 3rd is heartbeat and respiratory rate (HRR) radar equipment.The sensor pack that these three kinds of equipment are combined into will produce a kind of like this sensor, and this sensor can provide the solution of the uniqueness that addresses this problem when implementing in network configuration.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is incorporated in the disclosure and forms a part of this disclosure, and accompanying drawing has illustrated embodiments of the invention with describing, and is used to explain principle of the present invention.

Fig. 1 illustrates the embodiment of strategy protection (rear guard) sensor network behind group (ad-hoc) low-power UWB.

Fig. 2 illustrates another structure of strategy protection sensor network after organizing low-power UWB.

Fig. 3 illustrates the block diagram of exemplary sensor node.

Fig. 4 illustrates combination and is used for detecting, being used for tracking and is used for heartbeat and 3 independently uses of the classified sensor of sensor of respiration rate (hrr) monitoring.

Embodiment

Embodiments of the invention are low-power UWB wireless sensor networks, this low-power UWB wireless sensor network can be positioned over the important zone of strategy, to monitor data of interest (data ofinterest) continuously and to use wireless ad hoc network that information is forwarded to destination away from information source.This strategic sensor network is used radar sensor described below at each node place, and described each node is in fixing range check radar signal reflection, and if in this scope, exist significantly specially when mobile, provide alarm.The UWB signal that uses in these sensor nodes has intrinsic immunity for multipath phenomenon and signal jamming station, and is difficult to be detected by unauthorized parties.Therefore, sensor node can provide very high performance in the communication environments of harshness, and can be provided for the disguise of continuous monitoring and report data in the zone of failing based on the current available wireless sensor network of arrowband signaling schemes.

Contrast with being randomly dispersed in the zone, the low power sensor of the present invention that is sometimes referred to as " monitoring sensor (guardiansensor) " herein can be around placing around the zone important on the strategy.Network operation by the radiated radio frequency energy the broadband ultrashort pulse and remotely receive these pulses and use ultra broadband (UWB) signal.(UWB and routine) wireless ad hoc network is well known in the art.Motion sensing is by the continuous coverage environment and provide alarm realize when change taking place.As described in detail later, each sensor node comprises the flush bonding processor plate, this flush bonding processor plate has analog to digital conversion ability and serial (RS232 or USB) data transmission capabilities, and ultra broadband micro-impulse radar (MIR) the fixed range transmitter and the receiver ability that have omnidirectional antenna.Sensor can be according to the order self calibration, and can regulate sensitivity and sensing range (diameter) according to order.In addition, these sensors can be according to their health status of order report, and these sensors are robust and anti-interference for multipath (clutter environment).Motion detection sensor adopts the hidden UWB circuit that gives off very low RF energy, and this energy that this channel radiation goes out is to be difficult to use conventional criteria and to install detected.

Fig. 1 and 2 has described can provide the strategic exemplary configurations that detects by enough ad-hoc networks.Fig. 1 shows a kind of configuration, this configuration with low-power UWB after guard sensor (RGS) node 10 be distributed in around around the area-of-interest (area of interest), and the set of sensing data is transferred to parent node 12.Parent node is forwarded to information one of node of ad-hoc network then, and for example node 14, and this node is forwarded to information its destination 16 again, thereby realizes the ability of long-range monitoring.In an embodiment of the present invention, the wireless ad hoc network node is only transmitted the information that comes from the RGS node, and does not carry out in self-networking network node and handle and judgement.The node amplification in the ad-hoc network and the information of delivering are to improve communication range.All information about interested strategic area are provided by the RGS network.

Fig. 2 shows another configuration of the present invention, and this configuration combines RGS node and self-networking network node, with directly to the detected data of network-reporting, thereby transmit to the far-end destination rapidly.For example, RGS node 20 is connected to from group node 22.In this configuration, the RGS node that combines with self-networking network node can constantly be monitored events of interest in the strategic area, and detected data instant can be reported to the far-end destination.

The embodiment of network operation uses ultra broadband (UWB) signal by broadband ultrashort pulse and these pulses of long-range reception of radiated radio frequency energy.Motion sensing is by measurement environment continuously and give the alarm when changing and realize.Micropower impulse radar (MIR) sensor can provide unique ability because of the range gate (range gate) of its good definition.For example, the MIR electricity trip wire with accurate distance door can form the protection " fence " around facility.Fence all motions interior or that fence is outer will be left in the basket.Any people to fence is for passing through the triggering alarm.Dual range gate sensors can provide through direction.These sensors will be equipped with wireless communication ability, to allow remote reset and report.

Shown in the block diagram among Fig. 3, the exemplary embodiment of this sensor is made up of minimum network with element of 5 parts or module, and these parts or module are: central processing module (CPU) 30, global location module (GPS) 32, transmitter and receiver communication module (COMMS) 34, power supply and control module (power and control module) 36 and radar detector sensor assembly (RDS) 38.All these 5 modules are all by common power supply and control bus 40 controls.This system also has 3.6V battery, chassis and three Anneta modules of dual unit.This sensor is designed to the system of ultra broadband, ultra low power, so that 1 year long-life (〉 to be provided) the intrusion detection network.The detection to 15 meters circumference of battery consumption minimum (3mW) can be finished by the integration of radar return signal.Circuit design is averaged to the reflected energy that receives, to detect motion during point-device range gating (range gated) time window.This system is easy to be adapted for the module of arbitrary number, the package design of sensor type.

The omnidirectional's tours antenna that uses among the present invention (omni-directional loop antenna) allows the sensing range of 360 degree completely.RDS is range gated radar sensor (range gated radar sensor), allows to be provided with any specific scope, and the radius maximal value of this particular range is up to 20 feet.The detection hemi-sphere or " bubble " that are arranged on to the range criterion of sensor diameter around sensor and are 30 feet are located.For the purpose of accurately, bubble has about 2 feet thickness.The radar reflection that the object that moves Anywhere in this zone will cause sensor to receive changes.These change the activation threshold value circuit, and produce detection alarm.

Based on emission with detect very low amplitude and short potential pulse, system and radar have very sensitive window or range gate, so that detect received signal exactly and from the reflection on the border between the different materials.Hardware enclosure is very little and power demand is very low.Coming from the MIR radio of test and the average emitted of radar cell is lower than 10 microwatts and is distributed on several GHz the possibility of having eliminated interference basically and having tackled.

Network operation by the radiated radio frequency energy the broadband ultrashort pulse and remotely receive these pulses and use ultra broadband (UWB) signal.That UWB communication is used is short (＜1ns) pulse rather than narrowband carrier frequency are come emission information.Such carrierfree RF communication much all is being unknown aspect capacity, scope, infiltration and the reliability.

Motion sensing is by measurement environment continuously and report to the police when changing and finish.Micro-impulse radar (MIR) sensor is because the range gate of its good definition can provide unique ability.For example, the MIR electronics trip wire with accurate distance door can form around the protection " fence " around the infrastructure.Fence all motions interior or that fence is outer all are left in the basket.And to any people of fence for passing through with the triggering alarm.Dual range gate sensors (dual range gate sensor) will provide through direction as additional detection and authentication information.These sensors will dispose wireless communication ability, to allow remote reset and report.

Exceed simply detected thing in order to see, based on the analysis to radar return signal characteristic, the UWB sensor provides the information about the invador.Particularly, judge that intrusion alarm is by a people, a plurality of people or what triggered by wild animals and plants by accident is of great use.Target discrimination capability has reduced wrong absolute system rate significantly.

Current ultra broadband, ultra low power system provide 1 year long-life (〉) the intrusion detection network, its ability for the seizure of reflected signal and analysis is extremely limited.The detection to 15 meters circumference that battery consumption (3mW) is extremely low is finished by radar return signal integration.Circuit design is asked the mean value of the reflected energy that receives, to detect motion during point-device range gating time window.In this guardian system, the feature singularity and the frequency content that typically are used for recognition objective are filtered to a great extent.

In addition, technology before mainly is illustrated on metal and the static target.The knowledge of the bin subdivision of target generally is unknown, and the bin subdivision of target changes fast through regular meeting when people, automobile etc. moves through surveyed area.And interesting target normally moves, and the speed and the path of moving generally are uncertain.

RDS is a range gated radar sensor, allows to be no more than the particular range setting of about 20 feet radius arbitrarily.The scope of sensor is arranged on usually around the detection hemi-sphere of 30 ft diams of sensor or " bubble " and locates.For the purpose of accurately, bubble has about 2 feet thickness.The radar reflection that the object that moves Anywhere in this zone will cause sensor to receive changes.These change the activation threshold value circuit and produce detection alarm.

Second method relates to three kinds of special radar set sensor groups is incorporated into single bag, detects, follows the tracks of and differentiate being used for.In the present embodiment, radar sensor is ad hoc designed to carry out such as intrusion detection, tracking and heartbeat and respiratory rate (HRR) and is detected such function.Make up these sensors and use the collaborative network technology that the identification and tracking system of pin-point accuracy is provided.Fig. 4 shows the illustrative embodiments of the classified sensor that has made up three kinds of standalone sensors that are used for detection, tracking and heartbeat and respiration rate (HRR) monitoring.Among the figure, each sensor unit (51-55) comprises the motion sensor of having set up motion to measure circumference (61-65) respectively.Motion sensor comprises the fixed range gate UWB radar sensor that this paper discusses.Each sensor unit (51-55) also comprises dual range gate UWB radar sensor and UWB heartbeat and respiration rate monitor.By analyzing sequential and signal level, the place of measuring the invador in the circumference scope can be determined out.A kind of method of enhancing of differentiating is network center or cooperates and differentiate.This notion is designed to utilize this true leverage to node in network configuration.This can realize exceeding the distinguishing ability of any given node in the network.The radar sensor that can carry out network measuring provides discriminating by collaboration communication.Node in the network is positioned at known place, and therefore, the invador's of process network elementary path can be found out by the node and the detection time of monitoring and detection.This information can provide intrusion path, detection time and invador source and destination.

Signal processing method be can use and signal collection and analysis improved.This method comprises that pseudo-Eugene Wigner (Wigner) distribution, wavelet transformation, E pulse, double-spectrum analysis and Kernel analyze.

Can by with the sensor fusion of other types to or be increased to and obtain in the existing radar sensor bag further to differentiate and detectability.For example, can add sensitive magnetometer and whether have the metal object to detect the invador, or according to whether existing clothes to differentiate humans and animals.The vibration of sending when other method uses microphone or vibration transducer to pick up noise that target produces and Dang Qi by surveyed area.Also can adopt low power camera to obtain invador's image and to data carries out image recognition algorithm.

Sensor special with precise synchronization RF burst transmissions can form big, the steerable aerial array of electronics.When possible target was passed through this network, they will be by imaging.

Thereby the low-power network of this sensor will detect motion, pursuit movement and judge reliably whether main motion object is the people.The crucial part of this method is the combination of some equipment.At first be low power motion sensor, it uses micro-impulse radar and can utilize the baby battery one-time continuous to work the several months reliably.Next is the dual radars motion tracking system.Be heartbeat and respiratory rate (HRR) radar equipment once more.When implementing in network configuration, these three kinds of equipment are combined into a sensor pack, and the solution of the uniqueness that addresses this problem is provided.

As mentioned above, the CDS sensor comprises a lot of micro-impulse radar sensors that are combined in the single bag.A kind of sensor is omnidirectional's air bubble sensor.This sensor can be set up and around self diameter radar " bubble " is set.If should " bubble " be broken by quasi-reflection radar target (such as the people), it can detect and indicate it.In addition, Ding Xiang " range gating " radar cell will be included in this bag.This sensor is the orientation sensor with about 120 ℃ ken.This sensor can be determined to the distance of the target in its ken.In addition, coming from the data of this sensor can be in long time integrates, with heartbeat and the respiratory rate of obtaining target.If this can not realize, will in this bag, use the 3rd sensor.This sensor is judged the HR Heart Rate of the target at setpoint distance place by specialized designs." range gate " sensor will be used to survey the distance of being separated by with target, and this sensor will be configured to search for the heartbeat or the respiratory rate of this distance then.

This unique combination of existing sensor is intended to the part as network, to form advanced perimeter security system.Set up radar " bubble " with using omnidirectional's radar sensor around the sensor node of each sensor pack or networking.These nodes will have their orientation " range gating " radar sensor, and these sensors aim at by this way, promptly make their surveyed area can cover two sensor nodes relative with them.This will allow to cross in their tracking transducer bubbles their target.

At U.S. Patent application No.10/950, the embodiment of the UWB detection and tracking system with the sensor that can use in the present invention and network concept has been described in 209, quote this application herein as a reference.This application provides the system that is used for a detection and tracking human or animal, comprises using the first low-power ultra-wideband radar to produce first return radar signal that returns from individual human or animal.Use the second low-power ultra-wideband radar to produce second return radar signal that returns from individual human or animal.The first low-power micropower radar is maintained in and the second low-power ultra-wideband thunder fixed range of being separated by.

At U.S. Patent application No.10/834, the embodiment of the network of the location estimation of utilizing the transceiver that communicates with one another is provided in 706, quote this application herein as a reference.This application comprises sensor and the network configuration that can use in the present invention.This application has been described and has been used the system and method that is combined with the wireless communication interface of the statistical treatment of transit time (time-of-flight) data, in order to locate unknown wireless receiver by location estimation.This invention can be applied to sensor network and use, and such as the environmental monitoring to moisture content in the soil or airborne chemical substance, wherein location of network nodes is considered to very crucial.And this embodiment can be used at the disabled region operation of GPS (GPS), such as operating at buildings, cave and tunnel internal.

Therefore, embodiments of the invention comprise and are used for method that area-of-interest is monitored that this method may further comprise the steps: place a plurality of low-power ultra-wideband (UWB) radar motion sensor in area-of-interest; In this zone, launch the UWB radar signal, and receive this signal to produce received signal by at least one motion sensor in the motion sensor; Analyze this received signal and in this zone, whether move to judge, and if in this zone, move then generate alarm signal; This alarm signal is sent to wireless ad hoc network, to generate the alarm signal of transmitting; And the alarm signal of launching this forwarding is to the destination.Each sensor of low-power UWB radar motion sensor is the electronic module that a plurality of operations link to each other, and these modules comprise central processing module, global location module, transmitter and receiver communication module, power supply and control module and radar detector sensor assembly.Each sensor alternatively can be the UWB transceiver.The UWB signal can be launched continuously or periodically.The step that alarm signal is sent to wireless ad hoc network can comprise alarm signal is transmitted into parent node.Wireless ad hoc network comprises a plurality of nodes, and these nodes can be the UWB transceiver nodes.And the step of the alarm signal that is forwarded to destination emission comprises this alarm signal that is forwarded is sent to satellite to generate satellite-signal that this satellite is sent to the destination with satellite-signal then.Alarm signal can be transmitted directly to wireless ad hoc network from group node.(purpose for the application comprises claims, and wherein signal is transmitted or all instructions of emission etc. comprise the instruction that the part of signal only is transmitted and launches.) each node of network can be attached to different sensors.Transceiver can comprise omnidirectional's tours antenna.Sensor can comprise that range gated radar sensor, dual range gate sensors or multiple spurs are from door sensor (multiplerange gate sensor).This method can also comprise that tracking causes the motion of alarm and the heartbeat and/or the respiratory rate of the things that detection causes alarm.Other embodiment of the present invention have lectured the device that is used to implement said method.

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Above-mentioned application, that quote in these applications or its all documents (" document is quoted in application ") of quoting in carrying out, application is quoted and is quoted in the document or all documents of reference, this paper quotes or all documents (" document that this paper quotes ") of reference, and quote in the document quoted of this paper or all documents of reference, that mention with this paper or herein as the instructions of any manufacturer of any products in any document that combines with reference to institute, describe, the description of product and product manual are together, be incorporated into herein as a reference, and can in practice of the present invention, implement.

Foregoing description of the present invention is in order to set forth and purpose of description proposes, and is not intended to be exclusive or limit the invention to disclosed precise forms.According to above-mentioned instruction, many modifications and variations can be arranged.Disclosed embodiment only is used to explain principle of the present invention and practical application thereof, and making others skilled in the art can use the present invention better in various embodiments thus, and these embodiment can carry out various modifications to adapt to special-purpose.Scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.

Claims (33)

1. A method for monitoring an area of interest, the method comprising: Place multiple low-power ultra-wideband (UWB) radar motion sensors in the area of interest; transmitting a UWB radar signal in the area and receiving the signal by at least one motion sensor of the plurality of motion sensors to generate a received signal; analyzing the received signal to determine whether motion has occurred within the area, and generating an alarm signal if motion has occurred within the area; transmitting the alert signal to a wireless ad hoc network to generate a forwarded alert signal; and Transmitting said forwarded alert signal to a destination. 2. The method of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of low power UWB radar motion sensors comprises a plurality of operably connected electronic modules including a central processing module, a global positioning module , transmitter and receiver communication modules, power and control modules, and radar detector sensor modules. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein each sensor includes a UWB transceiver. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting step comprises continuously transmitting the UWB signal. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the transmitting step includes periodically transmitting a UWB signal. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein transmitting the alert signal to a wireless ad hoc network includes transmitting the alert signal to a parent node. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless ad-hoc network comprises a plurality of nodes, wherein the alarm signal is transmitted to a parent node by UWB radar. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless ad hoc network includes a plurality of UWB transceiver nodes. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the forwarded alert signal to a destination comprises transmitting the forwarded alert signal to a satellite to generate a satellite signal, wherein the satellite transmits the satellite signal to the destination. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of transmitting the alert signal to a wireless ad hoc network comprises transmitting the alert signal directly to an ad hoc node of the wireless ad hoc network. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the wireless ad hoc network includes a plurality of UWB transceiver nodes, wherein each node of the network is attached to a different sensor of the plurality of sensors. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the transceiver comprises an omnidirectional loop antenna. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises a range-gated radar sensor. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises a dual range door sensor. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the sensor comprises a multi-range door sensor. 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising tracking movement of the thing causing the alarm. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising detecting the heartbeat and/or respiration rate of the thing causing the alarm. 18. An apparatus for monitoring an area of interest comprising: Multiple low-power ultra-wideband (UWB) radar motion sensors for placement in the region of interest; means for transmitting a UWB radar signal in said area, wherein at least a portion of said signal is receivable by at least one motion sensor of said plurality of motion sensors to generate a received signal; means for analyzing said received signal to determine whether motion occurs in said area and to generate an alarm signal if motion occurs in said area; means for transmitting at least a portion of said alert signal to a wireless ad hoc network to generate a retransmitted alert signal; and means for transmitting said forwarded alert signal to a destination. 19. The device of claim 18, wherein each of the plurality of low power UWB radar motion sensors comprises a plurality of operably connected electronic modules including a central processing module, a global positioning module, Transmitter and receiver communication modules, power supply and control modules, and radar detector sensor modules. 20. The device of claim 18, wherein each sensor includes a UWB transceiver. 21. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the means for transmitting comprises means for continuously transmitting UWB signals. 22. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the means for transmitting comprises means for periodically transmitting a UWB signal. 23. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein means for transmitting the alert signal to a wireless ad hoc network comprises means for transmitting the alert signal to a parent node. 24. The device of claim 18, wherein the wireless ad-hoc network includes a plurality of nodes, wherein the alert signal is transmitted to a parent node using a UWB radar. 25. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the wireless ad hoc network includes a plurality of UWB transceiver nodes. 26. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein said means for transmitting said forwarded alert signal to a destination comprises means for transmitting said forwarded alert signal to a satellite to generate a satellite signal, Wherein the satellite transmits the satellite signal to a destination. 27. The device of claim 18, wherein the wireless ad hoc network includes a plurality of UWB transceiver nodes, wherein each node of the network is attached to a different sensor of the plurality of sensors. 28. The device of claim 18, wherein the transceiver comprises an omnidirectional loop antenna. 29. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the sensor comprises a range-gated radar sensor. 30. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the sensor comprises a dual range door sensor. 31. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the sensor comprises a multi-range door sensor. 32. The apparatus of claim 18, further comprising means for tracking the movement of the thing causing the alarm. 33. Apparatus according to claim 32, further comprising means for detecting the heartbeat and/or respiration rate of the thing causing the alarm.

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