CN101363407A - a wind turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind power generating set, which mainly includes a wind wheel, a gear box, a main shaft brake disc and a generator, the hub of the wind wheel is directly connected to the main shaft of the planet frame of the gear box, and the main shaft brake disc is connected to the generator rotor through a spline or a flat key. Shaft connection, the rotor shaft of the generator wraps all or part of the output shaft of the gearbox coaxially, so that the gearbox and the generator form a coaxial transmission chain with short axial dimensions and a compact overall structure. The gear box adopts a two-stage planetary gear box, and the transmission ratio is between 1:15 and 1:25. The gearbox with this transmission form can achieve a more compact structure under the same speed-up ratio. Smaller in size and lighter in weight; the rated speed of the output shaft of the gearbox, that is, the high-speed shaft, is only 375rpm, so the speed is low, the noise is small, and the service life is long.

Description

a wind turbine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a wind power generating set.

Background technique

With the development of science and technology, wind power generation technology has gradually matured. Researchers dedicated to wind power technology have developed larger and better-performing wind power generation units and put them into production and trial operation. At present, the commonly used models of wind turbines are doubly-fed and direct-drive.

The doubly-fed wind turbine adopts the structure of "wind wheel + main shaft and bearing + speed-up box + coupling + generator". The hub of the wind wheel is connected to the input end of the speed-up box through the main shaft and The coupling is connected with the generator. The power generated by the wind wheel is transmitted to the gearbox through the main shaft, and then after being accelerated by the gearbox, it is transmitted to the generator for power generation. This type of unit has a long axial dimension and scattered structure; the speed-up gearbox is a three-stage planetary gearbox, and the speed ratio is generally about 1:100. The gearbox has high speed, high noise and high failure rate.

The direct-drive wind turbine adopts the structure of "wind wheel + generator", and the wind wheel directly drives the generator to generate electricity. The generator speed is very low, the number of poles is large, and the diameter is very large. The diameter of a 1.5MW direct-drive generator is generally more than 5m, which requires large-scale processing equipment. Land transportation cannot pass through toll stations, tunnels and culverts smoothly, which brings great inconvenience to transportation, and the production and development of MW-level large-scale wind turbines are severely restricted.

A small number of units in foreign countries adopt hybrid drive mode. The gearbox adopts a one-stage planetary speed increaser with a speed ratio of about 1:10. The overall structure is in poor stress condition, and maintenance is extremely inconvenient.

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a wind power generating set aiming at the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art.

A wind power generating set, comprising a wind wheel, a gearbox, a generator, a main shaft brake disc, and a nacelle underframe, the main brake disc is connected to the outer end of the rotor shaft of the generator, and the hub of the wind wheel The planet carrier of the gearbox is directly connected, and the rotor shaft of the generator coaxially wraps the output shaft of the gearbox in the axial direction.

Preferably, the rotor shaft of the generator coaxially wraps the output shaft of the gearbox in the axial direction, specifically, the rotor shaft of the generator coaxially wraps all the output shafts of the gearbox in the axial direction Wrapping, the output shaft of the gearbox is connected with the main shaft brake disc through a key.

Preferably, the rotor shaft of the generator coaxially wraps the output shaft of the gearbox in the axial direction, specifically, the rotor shaft of the generator coaxially wraps the output shaft of the gearbox in the axial direction Wrapping, the output shaft of the gearbox is connected with the rotor shaft of the generator through a key.

Preferably, the generator and the gear box are positioned by seams.

Preferably, the adjacent end faces of the gearbox and the generator are connected through flanges.

Preferably, a cylindrical flange is provided on the underframe of the nacelle, and one end of the cylindrical flange is installed with a gearbox, and the other end is installed with a generator.

Preferably, a coaxial sealing pipe is provided between the output shaft of the gearbox and the rotor shaft of the generator.

Preferably, the nacelle underframe is a forward-extending nacelle underframe.

Preferably, the gear box is provided with four supports, and the supports are connected to the underframe of the nacelle through high-strength bolts.

Preferably, the planetary frame of the gearbox is supported by two bearings, a main bearing and an auxiliary bearing, the main bearing is a tapered roller bearing, and the auxiliary bearing is a cylindrical roller bearing.

Preferably, the inner ring gear of the gearbox and the housing adopt a split structure, and a positioning pin is arranged between them.

Preferably, the gearbox is lubricated by forced splashing of thin oil, and the gearbox is equipped with a high-temperature cooling system and a low-temperature heating system.

Preferably, an oil temperature detection sensor, an oil pressure detection sensor and a main bearing temperature detection sensor are arranged in the gearbox for detecting the oil temperature, oil pressure and main bearing temperature in the gearbox.

The invention provides a wind power generating set, comprising: a wind wheel, a gear box, a generator, a main shaft brake disc and a nacelle underframe, the hub of the wind wheel is directly connected to the main shaft of the planet carrier of the gear box, and the main shaft brake disc is connected to the main shaft of the generator. The outer ends of the rotor shaft are connected, the generator rotor shaft wraps all or part of the output shaft of the gearbox coaxially, and the adjacent end faces of the generator and the gearbox are connected through flanges. In this way, the gearbox and the generator form a coaxial transmission chain with a short axial dimension and a compact overall structure.

The gearbox adopts a two-stage planetary gearbox, and the transmission ratio is between 1:15 and 1:25. The gearbox using this transmission form can achieve a more compact structure and a smaller volume under the same speed ratio. Small size and lighter weight; the output shaft of the gearbox, that is, the high-speed shaft, has low rated speed, low noise and long service life. The planetary frame of the gearbox is supported by two bearings, the main bearing and the auxiliary bearing. The main bearing is a tapered roller bearing, and the auxiliary bearing is a cylindrical roller bearing. Transmitted to the gearbox housing to avoid stress on the gears in the drive train.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the wind turbine provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the wind turbine provided by the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a view of the coaxial wrapping of the output shaft of the gearbox by the rotor shaft of the generator in the second embodiment of the present invention:

Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the generating set of the third embodiment of the present invention;

Among them, in Figure 1-Figure 4:

Wind wheel 1, planet carrier main shaft 2, gearbox 3, generator 4, gearbox output shaft 5, gearbox output shaft 5-1, generator rotor shaft 6, main shaft brake disc 7, sealing sleeve 8, nacelle underframe 9. Tower frame 10, gear support 11, auxiliary bearing 12, main bearing 13, ferrule 14, retaining ring 15, cylindrical flange 16.

Detailed ways

The content of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The specific language or sequence in the specific embodiments is only for explanation and demonstration, and should not have any limiting effect on the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is a front view of the generator set provided by the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the generator set includes: wind wheel 1, planet carrier main shaft 2, gearbox 3, generator 4, gearbox output shaft 5, generator rotor shaft 6, main shaft brake disc 7, sealing sleeve 8, Engine room underframe 9, tower frame 10, gearbox support 11, auxiliary bearing 12, main bearing 13, ferrule 14, retaining ring 15, etc.

The wind wheel 1 includes blades and a hub. Gearbox 3 is a two-stage planetary gearbox with a speed-up ratio between 1:15 and 1:25. The gearbox adopts the first-stage planet carrier main shaft 2 as the input shaft, and the second-stage sun gear shaft as the output shaft; The inner gear ring and the shell of the box adopt a split structure, and a positioning pin is designed between them; the planetary frame at the input end of the gearbox is supported by two bearings, the main bearing 13 and the auxiliary bearing 12, the main bearing 13 is a tapered roller bearing, and the auxiliary bearing The bearing 12 is a cylindrical roller bearing, and the outer end of the main bearing 13 is provided with a ring 14 and a retaining ring 15 . The generator is an excitation synchronous machine.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the hub of the wind wheel 1 is directly connected to the main shaft 2 of the first-stage planet carrier, the output shaft 5 of the gearbox is connected to the main shaft brake disc 7 through splines or flat keys, and the main brake disc 7 is connected to the generator rotor The shaft 6 is connected by a spline or a flat key, and the generator rotor shaft 6 coaxially wraps the gearbox output shaft 5 in the axial direction; a coaxial sealing tube 8 is arranged between the gearbox output shaft 5 and the generator rotor shaft The gear box 3 and the generator 4 are positioned by seams, and the end faces of the adjacent ends of the gear box 3 and the generator 4 are all designed as flange-shaped end faces. When installing, the two ends are buckled and fixed by bolts, and the two end faces form flanges. connect. The bottom of the gear box 3 is provided with a gear box support 11, and the gear box support 11 is connected with the nacelle base 9 by high-strength bolts.

The power generated by the wind wheel 1 is transmitted to the main shaft 2 of the first-stage planetary carrier of the gearbox. After being accelerated by the second-stage planetary gearbox, it is output by the second-stage sun gear shaft of the gearbox, that is, the output shaft 5 of the gearbox, and passed through the main shaft brake disc. 7 is transmitted to the generator rotor shaft 6, and the generator rotor shaft 6 starts to rotate.

In a preferred solution, the gear box 3 is lubricated by forced thin oil splashing, and is equipped with a high-temperature cooling system and a low-temperature heating system, so that the gears always work in the best environment, and the reliability and life are greatly improved.

In the preferred scheme, an oil temperature detection sensor, an oil pressure detection sensor and a main bearing temperature detection sensor are equipped in the gearbox 3 to quickly detect and diagnose the oil temperature, oil pressure and main bearing temperature in the gearbox. Call the police in time.

Advantages of the above-described embodiments are described below.

The gearbox output shaft 5 is connected to the main shaft brake disc 7 through a spline or a flat key, and the main brake disc 7 is connected to the generator rotor shaft 6 through a spline or a flat key, and the generator rotor shaft 6 connects the gearbox output shaft in the axial direction. 5 are all coaxially wrapped, the gear box 3 and the generator 4 are positioned by seams, the end faces of the adjacent ends of the gear box 3 and the generator 4 are provided with flanges, and the two end faces are connected by flanges. In this way, the gear box 3 and the generator 4 form a coaxial transmission chain, the overall structure is compact, the volume is small, and the weight is light.

A coaxial sealing tube 8 is provided between the output shaft 5 of the gearbox and the rotor shaft of the generator. This mechanism enables the dynamic seal at the shaft end of the output shaft 5 of the gearbox to be arranged at the outer end of the generator for inspection and replacement. Seals are very easy.

The nacelle underframe is designed as a forward-extending nacelle underframe, which can withstand a large moment, thereby effectively reducing the force on the gearbox housing. This structure can also make the position of the center of gravity of the transmission chain composed of the gearbox 3 and the generator 4 closer to the tower, the bending moment borne by the tower is smaller, the loads at both ends of the gearbox are relatively balanced, and the load can be directly transmitted to the nacelle The underframe effectively reduces the load on the gearbox casing and the generator casing, and improves the stress situation.

The gear box adopts a two-stage planetary gear box, and the transmission ratio is between 1:15 and 1:25. The gearbox with this transmission form can achieve a more compact structure under the same speed-up ratio. Smaller in size and lighter in weight; the rated speed of the output shaft 5 of the gearbox, that is, the high-speed shaft, is only 375rpm, so that the speed is low, the noise is small, and the service life is long.

The planetary frame of the gearbox adopts the supporting mechanism of two bearings, the main bearing 13 and the auxiliary bearing 12. At the same time, the inner ring gear of the gearbox and the gearbox housing adopt a split structure. pin. With this structure, the load on the planetary frame is good, and the axial and radial forces caused by the aerodynamic load and weight of the wind wheel are transmitted to the gear through the planetary frame 2 of the gearbox, the retaining ring 15, the main bearing 13, the sleeve 14, and the auxiliary bearing 12 The casing of the box 3 transmits the load to the nacelle underframe 9 and the tower frame 10 through the gear box support 11, so that the gears in the gear box are less stressed, and the operation is more stable and the noise is smaller.

The above embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be clear that this embodiment can be further improved under the condition of satisfying the above idea. For example, the gearbox can adopt a multi-stage planetary gearbox, the main shaft of the planetary carrier is the input shaft of the gearbox, the shaft of the last stage sun gear is the output shaft of the gearbox, the hub of the wind wheel is directly connected with the first stage planetary carrier of the gearbox, and the output shaft of the gearbox is The shaft is connected to the main brake disc through splines, and the main brake disc is connected to the rotor shaft of the generator with a flat key; the number of the lower bearings of the gearbox is unlimited, which can be four or six, as long as the gearbox and the engine room base can be guaranteed It only needs to be firmly connected; the bearings selected for the main bearing 13 and the auxiliary bearing 12 are not limited to the above two bearings.

In the above embodiment, the rotor shaft of the generator coaxially wraps the output shaft of the gear box in the axial direction, and the output shaft of the gear box is connected to the brake disc of the main shaft through a spline or a flat key. The present invention also includes the situation that the rotor shaft of the generator coaxially wraps the output shaft of the gearbox in the axial direction, and the second embodiment briefly introduces this situation.

Please refer to FIG. 3 . FIG. 3 is a view of coaxially wrapping the output shaft of the gearbox with the rotor shaft of the generator in the second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 3, the generator rotor shaft 6 partially wraps the gearbox output shaft 5-1 in the axial direction, the generator rotor shaft 6 and the gearbox output shaft 5-1 are connected by a key, and the outer end of the generator rotor shaft The end is connected with the main shaft brake disc 7 by a key. The remaining specific implementation processes of this embodiment are similar to those of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

In the above two embodiments, the end faces of the adjacent ends of the gearbox 3 and the generator 4 are all designed as flange-shaped end faces, and the two end faces are fastened together and fixed with bolts to form a flange connection. The third embodiment has this structure Made improvements.

Please refer to FIG. 4 . FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a wind power generating set provided by a third embodiment of the present invention. The structure and connection relationship of the wind wheel 1, the gearbox 3 and the generator 4 in this embodiment are similar to those of the above two embodiments, and will not be described in detail here.

As shown in FIG. 4 , a cylindrical flange 16 is arranged on the base of the nacelle, a gearbox 3 is installed at one end of the cylindrical flange, and a generator 4 is installed at the other end. The hub of the wind wheel 1 is directly connected to the main shaft 2 of the first-stage planet carrier, the output shaft 5 of the gearbox is connected to the main shaft brake disc 7 through a spline or a flat key, and the main brake disc 7 and the generator rotor shaft 6 are connected with a spline or a flat key connection, the generator rotor shaft 6 wraps the gearbox output shaft 5 coaxially, and a coaxial sealing tube 8 is provided between the gearbox output shaft 5 and the generator rotor shaft, and the gearbox 3 and generator 4 are positioned by seams . When the generator rotor shaft 6 partially coaxially wraps the gearbox output shaft 5-1, the main brake disc 7 and the generator rotor shaft 6 are connected by splines or flat keys, and the motor rotor shaft 6 and the gearbox output shaft 5-1 By spline or flat key. The adjacent ends of the gearbox 3 and the generator 4 are all installed on the cylindrical flange, and the large cylindrical flange can ensure the coaxiality of the installation of the gearbox and the generator. With this mechanism, the axial and radial forces caused by the aerodynamic load and weight of the wind wheel are directly transmitted to the underframe of the nacelle, and the force is reasonable. At the same time, the structure is more compact, the overall volume is small, and the weight is light.

The cylindrical flange 16 and the nacelle base 9 can be designed as a whole, and the cylindrical flange 16 can also be independent from the nacelle base 9, and the cylindrical flange is fixed on the nacelle base 9 by bolts. In order to strengthen the stability of the cylindrical flange, ribs are provided between the cylindrical flange and the base of the nacelle.

The foregoing is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limitation of literal expression, there are objectively unlimited specific structures. Under the premise of the principle, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. wind power generating set, comprise wind wheel, gear-box, generator, main shaft brake disc, cabin underframe, it is characterized in that, described main brake dish is connected with the end, outer end of the rotor shaft of described generator, the wheel hub of described wind wheel directly connects the planet carrier of described gear-box, and the rotor shaft of described generator is in the axial direction with the coaxial parcel of the output shaft of described gear-box.

2. wind power generating set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the rotor shaft of described generator is in the axial direction with the coaxial parcel of the output shaft of described gear-box, the rotor shaft that is specially described generator is in the axial direction with the whole coaxial parcels of the output shaft of described gear-box, and the output shaft of described gear-box is connected by key with described main shaft brake disc.

3. wind power generating set according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the rotor shaft of described generator is in the axial direction with the coaxial parcel of the output shaft of described gear-box, the rotor shaft that is specially described generator is in the axial direction with the coaxial parcel of output shaft part of described gear-box, and the output shaft of described gear-box is connected by key with the rotor shaft of described generator.

4. according to each described wind power generating set of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that described generator and described gear-box adopt the seam location.

5. wind power generating set according to claim 4 is characterized in that, described gear-box is connected by flange with the adjacent face of described generator.

6. wind power generating set according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described cabin underframe is provided with the tubular flange, an end mounting teeth roller box of described tubular flange, and the other end is installed generator.

7. wind power generating set according to claim 6 is characterized in that, is provided with the co-axial seal pipe between described gearbox output shaft and described generator rotor shaft.

8. wind power generating set according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described cabin underframe is a protrusive type cabin underframe.

9. wind power generating set according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described gear-box is provided with four bearings, and described bearing is connected by high-strength bolt with described cabin underframe.

10. wind power generating set according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described gear-box planet carrier adopts main bearing and two bearings of auxiliary bearing, and main bearing is a tapered roller bearing, and auxiliary bearing is a roller bearing.

11. wind power generating set according to claim 10 is characterized in that, described gear-box ring gear and housing adopt split-type structural, are provided with locating stud between the two.

12. wind power generating set according to claim 11 is characterized in that, described gear-box adopts positive drive type thin oil splash lubrication, and gear-box is provided with high temperature radiation system and low-temperature heat system.

13. wind power generating set according to claim 12 is characterized in that, is provided with oily temperature detecting sensor, oil pressure detecting sensor and main bearing temperature detection sensor in the described gear-box, is used for oil temperature, oil pressure and main bearing temperature in the measuring gear case.

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