CN101303018A - scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

A scroll compressor, consisting of a static plate and a movable plate meshing with each other to form a plurality of compression chambers, an axially flexible mechanism that supports the movable plate in the axial direction and has an oil supply passage, and is used to drive the movable plate and is set The main shaft is composed of a circular hole for installing the radial slider, and the axial clearance value between the moving disk and the static disk is maintained by introducing the exhaust air into the annular groove formed by the frame and the axial flexible mechanism. In a small range; by introducing lubricating oil with exhaust pressure into the radial slider installation hole opened in the eccentric part of the main shaft, the radial gap value between the moving disk and the static disk is kept at a small value Within the scope; through the eccentric rotary motion of the annular groove on the end plate of the moving disk near the main shaft, the lubricating oil is intermittently supplied into the suction chamber, which plays the role of lubrication and sealing during the compression process, and intermittently It is fed into the slide groove of the Oldham slip ring set in the axial flexible mechanism to play a lubricating role.

Description

scroll compressor

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of compressors, and in particular relates to a scroll compressor suitable for using high-pressure refrigerant.

Background technique

As people are increasingly concerned about environmental issues such as ozone layer depletion and global warming, for the refrigeration and air-conditioning industry, the "Montreal Protocol" requires the replacement of CFCs and HCFCs refrigerants from the perspective of protecting the ozone layer, and requires the use of ozone destruction index ( ODP) value is small HFC refrigerant, but because HFC refrigerant still has a high global warming index (GWP) value, therefore, the "Kyoto Protocol" stipulates that HFC refrigerant will be gradually replaced, and it is hoped that the ozone destruction index ( A refrigerant with a small ODP) value and a small global warming index (GWP) value. At present, natural working fluids, especially CO ₂ , are considered to be the ultimate substitutes for refrigerants due to their unique advantages such as non-toxic, non-flammable, large cooling capacity per unit volume, low kinematic viscosity, and good heat transfer characteristics. received widespread attention.

Compared with compressors using traditional refrigerants, compressors using CO ₂ as refrigerants have the characteristics of small pressure ratio, large pressure difference _, small volume flow, and high working pressure. Lower viscosity, so under the same clearance conditions, the leakage during compression will be greatly increased, therefore, for this scroll compressor using high-pressure refrigerant _CO2 , in order to obtain higher compressor efficiency , special consideration should be given to the control of the axial and radial clearances between the moving disc and the static disc.

An appropriate amount of lubricating oil can lubricate and seal during the compression process, reduce the leakage through the gap between the moving disc and the static disc, and at the same time reduce the mechanical damage caused by the relative sliding motion between the moving disc and the static disc. Friction loss.

Based on the above reasons, in order to cope with the technical problems caused by refrigerant substitution and to make the scroll compressor using high-pressure refrigerant work normally and efficiently, it is necessary to develop a reasonable axial and radial flexible mechanism to reduce the Through the leakage of the axial gap and radial gap between the dynamic and static discs, it is necessary to ensure that each friction surface can be properly lubricated to ensure the safe operation of the compressor.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a scroll compressor capable of providing reliable axial and radial flexible mechanisms and an oil supply control mechanism to the compression chamber.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: including the upper end cover and the lower end cover, and the lower bearing seat arranged in the lower end cover, the main shaft is arranged on the lower bearing seat, and the oil return through hole is opened in the lower bearing seat, The ball bearing is installed in the hole of the lower bearing seat, the rotor and the stator are arranged on the main shaft, the frame is fixed in the lower end cover and located at the upper end of the rotor, and a static disc connected with the frame is arranged in the upper end cover, and the characteristics are as follows: In the space formed between the frame and the static disk, axial flexible mechanisms, cross slip rings and moving disks are installed in sequence along the axis direction, sliding bearings are arranged between the main shaft and the frame, and the exhaust pipe opened in the middle of the upper end cover, An oil separation device is installed in the exhaust pipe, and the frame is provided with a frame air intake path connected with the air inlet, a frame oil return path, and a frame first oil supply path for oil supply to sliding bearings and a frame No. Two oil supply passages, the static disk radial passage connected with the air inlet, the static disk axial hole connected with the cavity formed between the static disk and the frame, and the slanted downward connection with the frame return The first oil return passage of the static plate connected to the oil passage, the second oil return passage of the axial static plate, and the exhaust port connected with the oil separation device, the main shaft is provided with an oil supply passage for the main shaft, and a radial slider is installed The radial slide block installation hole and the decompression device installation hole, the eccentric bearing is used between the moving plate and the eccentric part of the main shaft, and the main balance weight and the auxiliary balance weight are respectively installed on the main shaft.

The axial flexible mechanism of the present invention is provided with an annular groove, and the static disk air supply passage, the axial hole of the static disk and the axial hole of the frame are respectively provided on the frame and the static disk , in order to prevent the leakage of gas introduced into the closed space formed between the axial flexible mechanism and the frame, sealing grooves are respectively set on the upper and lower sides of the annular groove formed in the axial flexible mechanism; There is an oil supply passage, one end of the oil supply passage is connected with the installation hole of the decompression device, and the other end is connected with the oil supply passage of the main shaft, and axial through holes are symmetrically opened on the axial flexible mechanism, and the end plate of the moving disk is close to An annular groove is opened on the end surface of the main shaft side, and an axial hole connected with the air intake passage is opened on the end surface of the stationary disk close to the moving disk, and the bottom surface of the chute formed on the axial flexible mechanism A symmetrical radial hole is formed; a circular hole for installing a radial slider is opened in the main shaft, and an oiling passage is also provided. One end of the oiling passage is connected with the phase, and the other end is connected with the phase. One end of the oiling passage is connected with the phase. The other end communicates with each other. By introducing lubricating oil with exhaust pressure to the back of the radial slider, an appropriate centrifugal force is formed in the radial direction, so that the radial gap between the moving plate and the static plate can be maintained. Within a reasonable range, the tangential leakage can be reduced; a sealing strip is also provided between the static plate and the moving plate; a sealing ring is provided on the contact surface of the upper end cover and the static plate.

A newly designed axial flexible mechanism is adopted: when the compressor is working normally, the axial flexible mechanism floats upwards, so that the axial gap between the moving and static discs can be kept within a small range; when a large amount of liquid flows into the compression chamber, The downward movement of the axial flexible mechanism increases the axial gap between the moving and static discs, which prevents damage to the moving parts. At the same time, the Oldham slip ring reciprocates in the inner cavity of the axial flexible mechanism, reducing the machine height. Part of the high-pressure lubricating oil used to lubricate each sliding surface is supplied to the back of the radial slider to provide appropriate centrifugal force to reduce the radial gap between the moving and static discs, simplifying the machining process of the spindle. Through the eccentric movement of the ring groove on the moving plate and its end plate, the lubricating oil intermittently flows into the suction cavity and the friction surface of the Oldham slip ring to control the oil content of the suction.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a scroll compressor;

Fig. 2A is a cross-sectional view of an Oldham slip ring slideway of an axially flexible mechanism;

Fig. 2B is a sectional view of the oil supply passage of the axially flexible mechanism;

Figure 2C is a perspective view of an axially flexible mechanism;

Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the back pressure air supply passage of the axial flexible mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a partial sectional view of the main shaft;

Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a radial slider for a radially flexible mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram when the oil supply passage of the suction chamber is connected;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram when the oil supply passage of the slide groove of the Oldham slip ring is connected.

Detailed ways

The structural principle and working principle of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, it can be seen from the figure that the compressor can be divided into upper and lower parts along the axial direction, 1 is the lower end cover, 17 is the upper end cover, and the upper and lower end covers are connected by bolts. The lower bearing seat 2 is mounted on the lower end of the main shaft 11, and is provided with an oil return through hole 2a, and the ball bearing 20 is installed in the lower bearing seat hole 2b. The stator 3 is pressed into the lower end cover 1 through a shrink-fit process. The rotor 4 has an interference fit with the main shaft 11 and is installed in the middle of the main shaft 11 . In order to achieve dynamic balance, the main balance weight 13 and the auxiliary balance weight 15 are respectively installed on the main shaft at both sides of the rotor 4 through the key 14 for the main balance weight and the key 16 for the auxiliary balance weight. A main shaft oil supply passage 11f is opened inside the main shaft. One end of the oil supply passage 11a communicates with the oil supply passage 11f, and the other end connects with the axial hole 11b where the decompression device is installed. The radial oil supply passage 11d communicates with the axial oil supply passage 11e, and the other end communicates with the installation hole 11c where the radial slider 21 is installed, and the oil supply passage 11e communicates with the oil supply passage 11f. The frame 5 is installed in the upper part of the lower end cover. The frame 5 is provided with an air intake passage 5a connected to the air inlet 19, an oil return passage 5b, and a passage for supplying oil to the sliding bearing 22. 5c and 5d. A sliding bearing 22 is used between the frame 5 and the main shaft 11 . The axial flexible mechanism 6 is installed inside the frame, and has an oil supply passage 6c and an annular groove 6b. The upper and lower parts of the annular groove 6b are provided with a groove 6d for installing a sealing ring, and can move in the axial direction. The lower end surface of the end plate 9a of the moving disk 9 is in contact with the upper end surface of the axial flexible mechanism. The lower end surface of the end plate 9a of the moving disk 9 is provided with an annular groove 9d, and the upper opening of the oil supply passage 6c communicates with the annular groove 9d intermittently. The Oldham slip ring 10 is installed between the axial flexible mechanism 6 and the moving disk 9 to prevent the rotating disk 9 from rotating. The static disc 7 is connected to the frame 5 by bolts, and the static disc 7 is provided with a radial passage 7a communicating with the air inlet 19, and an axial hole 7b communicating with the cavity formed between the static disc and the frame, There are also an oil return passage 7c inclined downward and an oil return passage 7d in the axial direction. The exhaust pipe 17a opened in the middle of the upper end cover 17 has an oil separator 18 installed therein, and a sealing ring 17b is provided on the surface of the upper end cover 17 in contact with the static disc 7 to prevent the high-pressure exhaust gas from leaking to the Inspiratory side. The compressed high-pressure gas passes through the oil separator to separate the lubricating oil under centrifugal action, and then flows into the system circulation from the exhaust pipe 17a.

The low-pressure refrigerant from the evaporator enters the suction chamber through the suction passage composed of the suction port 19, the passage 5a, and the passage 7a. With the eccentric rotation of the moving plate 9, the refrigerant gas is compressed to the designed discharge pressure. After pressure, it is discharged into the exhaust cavity through the exhaust port 7e, and after the oil separation effect of the oil separator 18, it is discharged along the exhaust port formed by the radial hole 17a and flows into the refrigeration cycle.

The lubricating oil accumulated at the bottom of the compressor flows upwards along the oil supply passage 11f inside the main shaft 11 under the action of the pressure difference, and a part of the lubricating oil is introduced into the radial slide installed in the eccentric part of the main shaft through the oil supply passages 11e and 11d. At the back of the block 21, another part of lubricating oil enters the decompression device installed in the eccentric part of the main shaft through the oil supply passage 11a, and the decompressed lubricating oil flows into the machine along the gap between the eccentric bearing 12 and the moving plate 9. Inside the frame 5, one way passes through passages 5c and 5d to lubricate the sliding bearing 22 and then returns to the bottom of the compressor, and the other way passes through the axial passage 6c and the annular groove 9d on the lower end surface of the end plate of the moving disk, intermittently to the air intake passage 7a and intermittent oil supply to the chute 6e of the Oldham slip ring 10, the lubricating oil entering the intake passage 7a enters the suction cavity along with the suction, and plays the role of sealing and lubrication during the compression process. After the compression process is completed, The oil-air mixture flows through the oil separator 18 after passing through the exhaust port 7e, and the separated lubricating oil passes through the oil return passages 7c, 7d, and 5b, and returns to the bottom of the compressor along the gap between the stator and the rotor to complete a lubrication oil circulation.

Referring to Fig. 2A, Fig. 2B and Fig. 2C, a positioning pin 6a is arranged symmetrically on the lower end surface of the axial flexible mechanism 6, and the positioning pin also plays a role in preventing the Oldham slip ring from rotating. The product of the area of the annular area represented by 6b and the exhaust pressure introduced into the closed annular space 6b formed by the frame 5 and the axially flexible mechanism 6 forms an axial thrust pushing the rotor to float up. In order to supply lubricating oil to the suction chamber and the Oldham slip ring, the axial through hole 6c is opened symmetrically. Sealing grooves 6d are respectively provided at the upper and lower ends of the upper and lower ends. A sliding groove 6e for the Oldham slip ring is opened in the axial flexible mechanism 6, and the Oldham slip ring 10 moves horizontally inside the axial flexible mechanism 6, reducing the height of the whole machine. Radial holes 6f are symmetrically opened at the bottom of the cross slide groove 6e, so that the lubricating oil accumulated in the slide groove can flow back to the bottom of the compressor along the gap between the frame 5 and the sliding bearing 22.

Referring to Fig. 3, a closed exhaust cavity is formed between the upper end cover 17 and the static disk 7, and an annular sealing groove 17b is opened on the end surface of the upper end cover 17 in contact with the static disk 7, and its function is to prevent the air from exhausting. The high-pressure exhaust gas discharged from the port 7e leaks. Offer the static disk air supply hole 7f and the static disk axial hole 7g inclined downward in the static disk 7, also offer the frame axial hole 5e in the frame 5, and the frame axial hole 5e and the axial hole 7g communicates with each other, and the axial hole 5e of the frame communicates with the closed annular area 6b formed by the frame 5 and the axial flexible mechanism 6 through a small radial hole. In order to prevent leakage of the high-pressure exhaust gas introduced into the enclosed area, sealing grooves 6d are respectively provided on the upper and lower sides of the annular groove 6b of the axial flexible mechanism 6 .

Referring to Fig. 4, an oil supply passage 11f is opened along the axis in the inner lower part of the main shaft, and a hole 11b for installing a pressure reducing device, a circular hole 11c for installing a radial slider 21, and a connecting pipeline 11a are also opened. , 11d and 11e. The lubricating oil collected at the bottom of the compressor flows upwards along the oil supply passage 11f under the action of the pressure difference, and is supplied to the back of the radial slider 21 through the connecting pipeline 11e and the connecting pipeline 11d one by one, so that the radial slider 21 is in contact with the eccentric bearing 12 in the radial direction to provide an appropriate centrifugal force so that the radial gap between the moving disk 9 and the static disk 7 is kept within a reasonable range, thereby reducing the amount of tangential leakage; the other way is through the connection Passage 11a, after being decompressed by the decompression device, lubricates the eccentric bearing 12 and the sliding bearing 22 in sequence, and finally flows back to the bottom of the compressor.

Referring to FIG. 5 , a sealing groove 21a is provided on the radial slider 21 to prevent the high-pressure lubricating oil from leaking into the surrounding space with lower pressure.

Referring to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, only two parts of the axial flexible mechanism 6 and the moving disk 9 are drawn in the figure. The figure on the left side of the figure shows the top view along the direction of the spindle centerline, and the figure on the right side of the figure shows the top view sectional view along the spindle centerline direction with the lower surface of the end plate of the moving disk as the reference plane, as shown in Figure 6 Compared with the position of the moving disk shown in Figure 7, the angle of rotation differs by 180°.

In the figure: 6 represents the axial flexible mechanism, 6c represents the symmetrically opened axial oil supply through hole, 9a represents the end plate of the moving disc, 9b represents the scroll in the form of a circular involute, and 9c represents the end plate of the moving disc The slide groove for the Oldham slip ring provided on the lower end surface, 9d represents the annular groove provided on the lower end surface of the moving disc end plate. As shown in Figure 6, at this time, the upper axial through hole in the oil supply through hole 6c is in the fully open position. After the pressure is applied, it flows into the bottom of the axial flexible mechanism 6, and flows into the suction pipeline 7a through the opened axial through hole 6c and hole 7b.

As shown in Figure 7, at this time, the upper hole in the oil supply through hole 6c is in the closed position. When the compressor runs stably, the lubricating oil flowing upward along the inside of the main shaft is decompressed by the decompression device. It flows into the bottom of the axial flexible mechanism 6, and when the axial through hole 6c communicates with the annular groove 9d on the end plate of the moving disk, it flows into the chute 6e provided in the axial flexible mechanism 6. At this time, the The oil supply passage will no longer supply lubricating oil to the suction line 7a, and this method can realize the function of intermittently supplying oil to the compression chamber, and can control the flow of lubricating oil sprayed into the compression chamber.

The axial flexible mechanism of the present invention: an annular groove 6b is opened on the axial flexible mechanism 6, and air supply passages 7f, 7g and 5e for introducing exhaust air into the annular groove are respectively opened on the frame 5 and the static disk 7 In order to prevent the leakage of the gas introduced into the closed space 6b formed between the axial flexible mechanism 6 and the frame 5, sealing grooves 6d are provided on the upper and lower sides of the annular region 6b formed by the axial flexible mechanism 6:

Intermittent oil supply control mechanism to the compression chamber: a through hole 6c is symmetrically opened on the axial flexible mechanism 6, an annular groove 9d is opened on the end surface of the end plate of the moving plate close to the main shaft, and an annular groove 9d is opened on the end surface of the moving plate 7 close to the moving plate 9 An axial hole 7b communicating with the air intake passage 7a is opened on one end surface, and a radial hole 6f is symmetrically formed on the bottom surface of the chute 6e formed on the axial flexible mechanism 6;

Radial flexible mechanism: a circular hole 11c for installing the radial slider 21 is opened in the main shaft 11, and oiling passages 11f, 11d, 11e are also provided. One end of the oiling passage 11e is connected to 11f, and the other end is connected to 11d is connected, one end of oiling passage 11d is connected with 11c, and the other end is connected with 11e,

The size of the annular region 6b provided on the axial flexible mechanism 6 is determined to be able to balance the axial gas force in the compression chamber during the compression process, so that the axial gap between the dynamic and static discs is kept within a reasonable range.

The above-mentioned position of the axial through hole 6c provided on the axial flexible mechanism 6, and the size of the annular groove 9d provided on the lower end surface of the end plate of the moving disk can ensure that a proper amount of lubricating oil enters the suction passage 7a, and Can ensure the normal lubrication of the Oldham ring groove 6e shall prevail.

The area of the bottom circle of the cylinder of the radial slider 21 is determined to be able to balance the tangential gas force in the compression chamber during the compression process, so that the radial gap between the dynamic and static discs is kept within a reasonable range.

The method of the present invention is mainly aimed at scroll compressors using high-pressure refrigerants, and is especially suitable for the case of using CO ₂ as the refrigerant, and is also suitable for other occasions with large pressure differences.

Claims (6)

1. A scroll compressor, comprising an upper end cover (17) and a lower end cover (1), and a lower bearing seat (2) arranged in the lower end cover (1), on which a main shaft ( 11), and the lower bearing seat 2 is provided with an oil return through hole (2a), the ball bearing (20) is installed in the lower bearing seat hole (2b), and the main shaft (11) is provided with a rotor (4) and a stator (3), The frame (5) is fixed on the upper end of the rotor (3) in the lower end cover (1), and a static disc (7) connected with the frame (5) is arranged in the upper end cover (17), and it is characterized in that: In the space formed between the frame (5) and the static disc (7), an axial flexible mechanism (6), an Oldham slip ring (10) and a moving disc (9) are successively installed along the axial direction, and the main shaft (11) and the machine Sliding bearings (22) are arranged between the frames (5), and an exhaust pipe (17a) is provided in the middle part of the upper end cover (17). An oil separation device (18) is installed in the exhaust pipe (17a), and the frame ( 5) There are rack air intake passages (5a) connected to the air inlets (19), rack oil return passages (5b) and the first rack oil supply passages ( 5c) and the second oil supply passage (5d) of the frame, the static disk (7) is provided with a static disk radial passage (7a) connected with the air inlet (19), and the static disk (7) and the frame (5) form the axial hole (7b) of the static disc connected with the cavity, the first oil return passage (7c) of the static disc connected to the frame oil return passage (5b) obliquely downward and the axial static disc The second oil return passage (7d), and the exhaust port (7e) connected with the oil separator (18), the interior of the main shaft (11) is provided with the main shaft oil supply passage (11f), and the radial slide block (21 ) radial slide block mounting hole (11c) and decompression device mounting hole (11b), the eccentric bearing (12) is used between the moving plate (9) and the eccentric part of the main shaft (11), and is respectively installed on the main shaft (11) Main balance weight (14) and auxiliary balance weight 15 are arranged. 2. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: said axial flexible mechanism (6) is provided with an annular groove (6b), on the frame (5) and the static disk (7) The static disk air supply passage (7f), the static disk axial hole (7g) and the frame axial hole (5e) for introducing the exhaust gas into the annular groove (6b) are opened respectively. The gas in the closed space (6b) formed between the mechanism (6) and the frame (5) leaks, and the upper and lower sides of the annular groove (6b) formed in the axially flexible mechanism (6) respectively Open the sealing groove (6d). 3. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: said main shaft (11) is provided with an oiling passage (11a), and one end of the oiling passage (11a) is in contact with the decompression device installation hole ( 11b), and the other end communicates with the main shaft oil supply passage (11f), the axial through hole (6c) is symmetrically opened on the axial flexible mechanism (6), and the end plate (9a) of the moving disc (9) An annular groove (9d) is provided on the end surface near the main shaft (11), and an axial shaft communicating with the air intake passage (7a) is provided on the end surface of the stationary disk (7) near the moving disk (9). The holes (7b) form symmetrical radial holes (6f) on the bottom surface of the slide groove (6e) formed on the axially flexible mechanism (6). 4. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that: said main shaft (11) is provided with a circular hole (11c) for installing a radial slider (21), and also provided with an oiling hole (11c). Passage (11f, 11d, 11e), one end of oiling passage (11e) communicates with (11f), the other end communicates with (11d), one end of oiling passage (11d) communicates with (11c), and the other end Connected with (11e), by introducing lubricating oil with exhaust pressure to the back of the radial slider (21), an appropriate centrifugal force is formed in the radial direction, so that the disc (9) and the static disc (7) The radial gap between them can be kept within a reasonable range, thereby reducing the tangential leakage. 5. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that there is a sealing strip (8) between the stationary disk (7) and the moving disk (9). 6. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, characterized in that a sealing ring (17b) is provided on the surface of the upper end cover (17) in contact with the stationary disk (7).

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