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CN101162929B - Method and apparatus for implementing clear channel assessment function in OFDM system - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for implementing clear channel assessment function in OFDM system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101162929B
CN101162929B CN200710086198XA CN200710086198A CN101162929B CN 101162929 B CN101162929 B CN 101162929B CN 200710086198X A CN200710086198X A CN 200710086198XA CN 200710086198 A CN200710086198 A CN 200710086198A CN 101162929 B CN101162929 B CN 101162929B
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time period
channel
energy
moving average
cca
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CN101162929A (en
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金伦永
卢在皓
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/20—Monitoring; Testing of receivers
    • H04B17/24—Monitoring; Testing of receivers with feedback of measurements to the transmitter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
    • H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
    • H04B17/309—Measuring or estimating channel quality parameters
    • H04B17/318—Received signal strength
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/0006—Assessment of spectral gaps suitable for allocating digitally modulated signals, e.g. for carrier allocation in cognitive radio
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2614—Peak power aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2626—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only
    • H04L27/2646—Arrangements specific to the transmitter only using feedback from receiver for adjusting OFDM transmission parameters, e.g. transmission timing or guard interval length
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT
    • H04L5/0012—Hopping in multicarrier systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/7163—Spread spectrum techniques using impulse radio
    • H04B1/719—Interference-related aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26—Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601—Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647—Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA
    • H04W74/0808—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA using carrier sensing, e.g. carrier sense multiple access [CSMA]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A clear channel assessment CCA method implemented in a multi-band orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system, the method including: estimating an energy of a received signal in each window at predetermined intervals of two moving-average windows; detecting a peak value according to a difference of energies estimated in relation to the two moving-average windows, and accumulating a number of detected peak values; and reporting a channel status to a medium access control (MAC) according to the number of the accumulated peak values.

Description

Carry out the method and apparatus of idle-channel evaluation function in the ofdm system
The application requires the priority at the 10-2006-0099821 korean patent application of Korea S Department of Intellectual Property submission on October 13rd, 2006, and this application is disclosed in this for reference.
Technical field
Method and apparatus according to the invention relates to Mb-ofdm (OFDM).More particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of method of CCA function and equipment of carrying out this method in the multi-band OFDM system that relatively accurate idle-channel evaluation (CCA) performance is provided, carried out.
Background technology
Mb-ofdm (OFDM) is usually directed to the also method of transmission signals of the OFDM code element jump of a kind of whenever predetermined symbol unit between the frequency of a plurality of frequency bands; More particularly, relate to a kind of modulation technique that is used for certain wireless communication systems (such as ultra broadband (UWB) system).The said a plurality of frequency bands that have regular frequency band through use send data, and multi-band OFDM system can and receive mass data in per unit hour transmission.
Multi-band OFDM system provides and has detected current idle-channel evaluation (CCA) function of whether being used by another device of the frequency band of wanting to use, and mainly can be divided into crosscorrelation method or energy detection method.Because the crosscorrelation method is fine and do not consider channel at aspect of performance; And only can be applicable to targeting signal (preamble); So when considering that at random CCA puts detection time, be difficult to detect the signal of the 4.6875 μ s times corresponding with the predetermined space of 15 OFDM code elements.
Yet; Because energy detection method is corresponding to such method; The energy of the signal that promptly estimate to receive and relatively with the energy size of the signal that receives and certain threshold, so there is such advantage: can use this method simply and the signal not considering to receive whether corresponding to targeting signal or payload.Currently carrying out the effort that comes correctly to confirm channel status through the energy detection method that use has this advantage.
Therefore, need a kind ofly in the multi-band OFDM system that accurate relatively idle-channel evaluation (CCA) performance is provided, carry out the method for CCA function and the equipment of carrying out this method.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of equipment of in Mb-ofdm (OFDM) system, carrying out method with this method of execution of idle-channel evaluation (CCA) function; This method can be used the energy of the signal of at least two rolling average window estimation receptions establishing according to temporal frequency sign indicating number (TFC); And according to the difference detection peak of the energy that estimates, so that correctly establish channel status and do not consider channel circumstance according to detected peak value.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of CCA method of in ofdm system, carrying out is provided, this method comprises: the energy of in each window of two rolling average window at predetermined intervals, estimating the signal of reception; Difference according to the energy that uses said two rolling average window estimation is come detection peak; Quantity to detected peak value adds up; Quantity according to the peak value that adds up reports to media interviews controls (MAC) with channel status.
According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of CCA equipment in ofdm system is provided, has comprised: estimation unit, the energy of the signal that estimation receives in each window of two rolling average window at predetermined intervals; Detecting unit comes detection peak according to the difference of the energy that uses said two rolling average window estimation, and the quantity of detected peak value is added up; The report unit reports to MAC according to the quantity of peak value of accumulative total with channel status.
Description of drawings
Through the detailed description of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention being carried out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, of the present invention above will become clear and be easier to other aspects understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of representing to provide according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention the method for idle-channel evaluation (CCA) function;
Fig. 2 representes first diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 representes second diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 representes the 3rd diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 representes the 4th diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 representes the 5th diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 representes the 6th diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 representes the 7th diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 representes the 8th diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 10 representes the 9th diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 11 representes the tenth diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 12 is a configuration diagram of representing to provide according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention the equipment of CCA function.
Embodiment
To carry out detailed description to exemplary embodiment of the present invention with reference to accompanying drawing now, wherein, embodiments of the invention represent that in the accompanying drawings identical label is represented similar parts all the time.Below, through describing exemplary embodiment with reference to accompanying drawing to explain the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of representing to provide according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention the method for idle-channel evaluation (CCA) function.
As shown in fig. 1, provide the method for CCA function to comprise according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention: the time period (S110) of establishing the rolling average window; Estimate the energy (S120) of the signal of reception; Detection peak (S130); The quantity (S140) of the detected peak value of accumulative total; Confirm the time period (S150) of report CCA; The quantity of the peak value that adds up and the critical value of establishing are in advance compared (S160); Establish channel status (S170); The channel status (S180) that report is established.Here, the CCA function can be applicable to Mb-ofdm (OFDM) system.
Similar with top description, as follows the method that the CCA function is provided is according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention carried out detailed description.
At first, establish the time period (S110) of two rolling average windows according to temporal frequency sign indicating number (TFC).Each rolling average window has the identical time period, and should can change according to the modification of TFC the time period.
In two rolling average window at predetermined intervals of establishing, in each window, estimate the energy (S120) of the signal of reception.For each the rolling average window in said two rolling average windows, the energy of the signal that a frequency band that can be from a plurality of frequency bands is estimated to receive.
Come detection peak (S130) according to the energy that estimates, and the quantity of detected peak value is added up (that is counting) (S140).Specifically, estimating to detect said peak value during the CCA.
Similar with top description; At least two rolling average windows that use is provided with according to TFC are described the principle of detection peak when each OFDM symbol unit generation frequency hopping with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, wherein; In Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, detect the starting point difference of the time period of CCA.
Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 representes the exemplary diagram of the principle of detection peak when each OFDM symbol unit generation frequency hopping according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4; When each OFDM symbol unit generation frequency hopping; Establish two rolling average windows; And through using two rolling average windows establishing can estimate the energy of the signal of reception from any one frequency band (for example, frequency band 1) in a plurality of frequency bands (a plurality of frequency bands that for example, comprise frequency band 1, frequency band 2 and frequency band 3).Can detect peak value according to the energy that estimates, it is obvious that for those of ordinary skills, from the forward position or the trailing edge detection peak of each OFDM symbol unit.
For example, the time period of detection of the present invention CCA is per 18 OFDM code elements (that is, 5.625 μ s), and can be divided into time period of report CCA of time period (that is 4.6875 μ s) and 3 the OFDM code elements of the estimation CCA of 15 OFDM code elements.The time period of an OFDM symbol unit, i.e. time period of each the rolling average window in two rolling average windows, can be corresponding to the time period of 165 samplings.In this example; When the energy of the signal of estimating from frequency band 1 to receive; The data that transmit in time period through an OFDM code element in per three OFDM code elements detect the big value of energy in the time period of an OFDM code element from the predetermined space of three OFDM code elements.Therefore, the energy that estimates in each the rolling average window in two rolling average windows has peak value at the forward position or the trailing edge of each OFDM code element.Here, the peak value indication is deducted the represented maximum of little value of energy by the big value of energy.
In addition, when situation (shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4) that the starting point of time of the signal that consider to receive changes, estimate that the maximum quantity of the peak value of accumulative total during time period of CCA can change.Specifically, in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, can detect nine peak values, and in Fig. 4, can detect ten peak values.
Through using forward position or the trailing edge detection peak of two rolling average windows from each OFDM symbol unit, this method can correctly establish channel status according to detected peak value during the time period of estimating CCA.
Below, with reference to Fig. 5 to Figure 10 the principle of detection peak when per two OFDM symbol unit generation frequency hoppings is described, wherein, in Fig. 5 to Figure 10, the time point that detects CCA is different.
Fig. 5 to Figure 10 is a diagrammatic sketch of representing according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention the principle of detection peak when per two OFDM symbol unit generation frequency hoppings.
Shown in Fig. 5 to Figure 10; Establish two rolling average windows; And through using two rolling average windows establishing can estimate the energy of the signal of reception from any one frequency band (for example, frequency band 1) in a plurality of frequency bands (a plurality of frequency bands that for example, comprise frequency band 1, frequency band 2 and frequency band 3).Can detect peak value according to the energy that estimates, it is obvious that for those of ordinary skills, from the forward position or the trailing edge detection peak of each OFDM symbol unit.
For example; Because per two OFDM symbol unit generation frequency hoppings; So the present invention can establish two OFDM symbol unit, i.e. two rolling average windows, and the time period of each the rolling average window in two rolling average windows establishing can be corresponding to the time period of 330 samplings.In this example; When the energy of the signal of estimating from frequency band 1 to receive; The data that transmit in time period through two OFDM code elements in per six OFDM code elements detect the big value of energy in the time period of two OFDM code elements from the predetermined space of six OFDM code elements.The forward position or the trailing edge of each the OFDM code element of energy in two OFDM code elements that therefore, estimates in each the rolling average window in two rolling average windows have peak value.Here, peak value is also indicated the represented maximum of little value that is deducted energy by the big value of energy.
In addition, when situation that the starting point of time that consider to detect CCA changes, the maximum quantity of the peak value of accumulative total can change during the time period of estimating CCA.Specifically, in Fig. 5 and Figure 10, can detect five peak values, and in Fig. 6 to Fig. 9, can detect four peak values.
Below, the principle of detection peak when frequency hopping not taking place is described with reference to Figure 11.
Figure 11 representes the tenth diagrammatic sketch of the principle of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 11, when not saltus step of frequency, establish two rolling average windows, and through using two rolling average windows establishing can estimate the energy of the signal of reception.Can detect peak value according to the energy that estimates, it is obvious that for those of ordinary skills, from the forward position or the trailing edge detection peak of each OFDM symbol unit.Specifically, can detection peak through protection interval (GI) (for example, the time period of 32 samplings) of using each OFDM symbol unit to exist.
For example; Because frequency hopping does not take place in per two OFDM code elements; So two current rolling average windows can be established having the time period of previous establishment, and since the OFDM code element produce continuously, so the time period of two rolling average windows can be corresponding to the time period of 64 samplings.
In addition, in Fig. 2, after the quantity of the peak value that accumulative total detects, the time period (S150) that determines whether to begin to report CCA.Specifically, can confirm that the time period (that is 4.6875 μ s) of estimation CCA that is used for 15 OFDM symbol unit of detection peak according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention passes by.
Can the quantity of the peak value that adds up and the critical value of establishing in advance be compared (S160),, can establish channel status (S170) as result relatively.Specifically, when the quantity of the peak value of accumulative total during greater than the critical value of establishing in advance, can establish channel status for busy, promptly channel is current is used (S171) by another device.In addition, when the quantity of the peak value that adds up is less than or equal to the critical value of establishing in advance, can establish channel status for not being in a hurry, promptly channel is current is used (S172) by another device.Here, said critical value is less than the maximum quantity of the peak value of largest cumulative, and can change according to TFC.
Then, the channel status of establishment can be reported to MAC (S180).Specifically,, can channel status (CCA_STATUS) value be asserted 1 and be used with the expression channel when the quantity of the peak value of accumulative total during greater than the critical value of establishing in advance, and with this channel status value reporting to MAC.In addition, when the quantity of peak value of accumulative total is less than or equal to the critical value of establishing in advance, can CCA_STATUS value be asserted 0 and be used with the expression channel, and with this channel status value reporting to MAC.
Through using two rolling average windows during the time period of the detection CCA that establishes, to produce the peak value of maximum quantity, the present invention can more accurately, more stably provide CCA function.Below, the equipment that the CCA function is provided is according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention described with reference to Figure 12.
Figure 12 representes the configuration diagram of CCA equipment 1200 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 12, CCA equipment 1200 can comprise according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention: estimation unit 110 is used to estimate the energy of the signal that receives; Detecting unit 120 is used for detection peak; Confirm unit 130, be used for confirming the time period of report CCA; Comparing unit 140 is used for the quantity and the critical value of the peak value that adds up are compared; Establish unit 150, be used to establish channel status; Report unit 160, be used to report the channel status of establishment.
Similar with top description, down in the face of providing the equipment of CCA function to carry out detailed description according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
At first, according to establishing at least two rolling average windows with the relevant TFC in interval based on the quantity of the code element of frequency hopping.Said rolling average window has the identical time period each other, and should can change according to TFC the time period.
The energy of the signal that estimation unit 110 can be estimated to receive in each window through two rolling average windows use establishing, and detecting unit 120 can come detection peak according to the difference of the energy that estimates, and add up the quantity of detected peak value.
Here, estimation unit 110 can pass through to use the rolling average window of establishing in each window, estimate the energy of the signal of reception, and any one frequency band from a plurality of frequency bands is estimated the energy of the signal of reception.
After the quantity that has added up detected peak value, confirm that unit 130 can confirm to report the time period of CCA, comparing unit 140 can be during the time period of report CCA compare the quantity of the peak value of accumulative total with the critical value (K) of establishing in advance.
As result relatively, whether channel status can be established in establishment unit 150 is busy, and report unit 160 can report to MAC with the channel status of establishing.Specifically; MAC can be in the following manner given with the CCA_STATUS value reporting in report unit 160: when the quantity of the peak value of accumulative total during greater than the critical value of establishing in advance; Establish CCA_STATUS value and be 1 with the expression channel status for busy, promptly channel is by another device use.
On the contrary; MAC can be given with the CCA_STATUS value reporting in the following manner in report unit 160: when the quantity of the peak value that adds up is less than or equal to the critical value of establishing in advance; Establish CCA_STATUS value and be 0 with the expression channel status for not being in a hurry, promptly channel is installed use by another.
According to the above embodiment of the present inventionly in multi-band OFDM system, carry out the method for CCA function and the equipment of this method of execution can be recorded on the computer-readable medium, comprise the program command of carrying out by computer that is used to realize various operations on this computer-readable medium.Said medium can comprise (comprise separately or comprise with program command): data file, data structure etc.Medium and program command can be the medium and the program command of special for the purposes of the present invention design and structure, perhaps can be known and available medium of computer software fields technical staff and program command.The example of computer-readable medium comprises: magnetizing mediums, such as hard disk, floppy disk and tape; Optical medium is such as CD ROM dish and DVD; Magnet-optical medium is such as CD; With for storage and the specifically-built hardware unit of execution of program instructions, such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory (ram), flash memory etc.The example of program command comprises: machine code, such as the machine code that produces by compiler; Comprise and to use the file of interpreter by the advanced code of computer execution.In order to carry out the operation of the above embodiment of the present invention, can said hardware unit be configured to as one or more software modules.
Be similar to top description; In multi-band OFDM system, carry out the method for CCA function and the equipment of this method of execution according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and have such effect: the difference detection peak of the energy that the energy of the signal that at least two rolling average window estimation of establishing according to TFC through use receive and basis estimate, can correctly establish channel status and not consider channel circumstance according to detected peak value.
Though represented and described certain exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the invention is not restricted to described exemplary embodiment.On the contrary, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that under the situation that does not break away from the principle of the present invention that limits its scope claim and equivalent thereof and spirit, can make amendment these exemplary embodiments.

Claims (15)

1.一种在OFDM系统中执行的空闲信道估计(CCA)方法，该方法包括：1. A clear channel estimation (CCA) method carried out in an OFDM system, the method comprising: 根据时间频率码确立两个移动平均窗口的时间段，其中，所述两个移动平均窗口中的每个移动平均窗口具有相同的时间段，并且所述时间段可根据时间频率码的修改而改变；The time period of two moving average windows is established according to the time frequency code, wherein each moving average window in the two moving average windows has the same time period, and the time period can be changed according to the modification of the time frequency code ; 在两个移动平均窗口的第一窗口中估计接收的信号的第一能量，并在所述两个移动平均窗口的第二窗口中估计第二能量；estimating a first energy of the received signal in a first of two moving average windows and estimating a second energy in a second of said two moving average windows; 根据第一能量和第二能量之差检测峰值，并对检测出的峰值的数量进行计数，其中，峰值指示由能量的大值减去能量的小值所表示的最大值；detecting a peak value based on the difference between the first energy and the second energy, and counting the number of detected peak values, wherein the peak value indicates a maximum value represented by a large value of energy minus a small value of energy; 在对检测出的峰值的数量进行计数之后，确定报告CCA的时间段是否已开始；After counting the number of detected peaks, determining whether the period for reporting CCA has begun; 如果报告CCA的时间段已开始，则将对峰值计数得到的数量与预定的临界值进行比较；If the time period for reporting CCA has started, the counted number of peaks is compared with a predetermined threshold; 根据比较的结果确立信道状态，其中，当对峰值计数得到的数量大于所述预定的临界值时，将信道状态确立为忙，当对峰值计数得到的数量小于或等于所述预定的临界值时，将信道状态确立为不忙；Establishing the channel state according to the result of the comparison, wherein, when the number obtained by counting the peak value is greater than the predetermined critical value, the channel state is established as busy, and when the number obtained by counting the peak value is less than or equal to the predetermined critical value , establish the channel state as not busy; 将信道状态报告给媒体访问控制(MAC)。Reports channel status to Media Access Control (MAC). 2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述OFDM系统对应于使用多个频带的多频带OFDM系统，所述多个频带包括用于各信道的三个频带。2. The method of claim 1, wherein the OFDM system corresponds to a multi-band OFDM system using a plurality of frequency bands including three frequency bands for each channel. 3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述OFDM系统在多个频带之间每至少一个OFDM码元单位进行跳频。3. The method of claim 1, wherein the OFDM system performs frequency hopping between multiple frequency bands every at least one OFDM symbol unit. 4.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述报告CCA的时间段每18个OFDM码元重复一次，并对应于用于向MAC报告信道状态的至少一个OFDM码元的时间段。4. The method of claim 1, wherein the reporting CCA period repeats every 18 OFDM symbols and corresponds to a period of at least one OFDM symbol for reporting channel status to the MAC. 5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述预定的临界值小于对峰值计数得到的数量的最大值，并根据时间频率码而确立。5. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined threshold value is less than a maximum value of the counted number of peaks and is established according to a time-frequency code. 6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，如果多个频带用于各信道，则所述两个移动平均窗口被应用于所述多个频带中的任何一个频带。6. The method of claim 1, wherein if multiple frequency bands are used for each channel, the two moving average windows are applied to any one of the multiple frequency bands. 7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，如果多个频带用于各信道，则所述两个移动平均窗口中的每个移动平均窗口的时间段等于用于跳频的至少一个OFDM码元单位的时间段。7. The method of claim 1 , wherein if multiple frequency bands are used for each channel, the time period of each of the two moving average windows is equal to at least one OFDM code for frequency hopping The time period in meta units. 8.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，如果单一频带用于各信道，则所述两个移动平均窗口的时间段等于64个采样单位的时间段。8. The method of claim 1, wherein the time period of the two moving average windows is equal to the time period of 64 sample units if a single frequency band is used for each channel. 9.一种在OFDM系统中的空闲信道估计(CCA)设备，包括：9. A clear channel estimation (CCA) device in an OFDM system, comprising: 估计单元，在两个移动平均窗口的第一窗口中估计接收的信号的第一能量，并在所述两个移动平均窗口的第二窗口中估计第二能量，其中，根据时间频率码确立两个移动平均窗口的时间段，所述两个移动平均窗口中的每个移动平均窗口具有相同的时间段，并且所述时间段可根据时间频率码的修改而改变；an estimating unit estimating a first energy of the received signal in a first window of two moving average windows, and estimating a second energy in a second window of the two moving average windows, wherein two A time period of moving average windows, each moving average window in the two moving average windows has the same time period, and the time period can be changed according to the modification of the time frequency code; 检测单元，根据第一能量和第二能量之差检测峰值，并对检测出的峰值的数量进行计数，其中，峰值指示由能量的大值减去能量的小值所表示的最大值；a detection unit that detects a peak value based on a difference between the first energy and the second energy, and counts the number of detected peak values, wherein the peak value indicates a maximum value represented by a large value of energy minus a small value of energy; 确定单元，在对检测出的峰值的数量进行计数之后，确定报告CCA的时间段是否已开始；A determination unit, after counting the number of detected peaks, determines whether the time period for reporting CCA has begun; 比较单元，如果报告CCA的时间段已开始，则将对峰值计数得到的数量与预定的临界值进行比较；a comparison unit that compares the counted number of peaks with a predetermined critical value if the time period for reporting CCA has started; 确立单元，根据比较的结果确立信道状态，其中，当对峰值计数得到的数量大于所述预定的临界值时，将信道状态确立为忙，当对峰值计数得到的数量小于或等于所述预定的临界值时，将信道状态确立为不忙；The establishment unit establishes the channel state according to the comparison result, wherein, when the number obtained by counting the peak value is greater than the predetermined critical value, the channel state is established as busy, and when the number obtained by counting the peak value is less than or equal to the predetermined critical value When the critical value is reached, the channel state is established as not busy; 报告单元，将信道状态报告给媒体访问控制(MAC)。The reporting unit reports the channel state to the medium access control (MAC). 10.如权利要求9所述的空闲信道估计设备，其中，所述OFDM系统对应于使用多个频带的多频带OFDM系统，所述多个频带包括用于各信道的三个频带。10. The clear channel estimation apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the OFDM system corresponds to a multi-band OFDM system using a plurality of frequency bands including three frequency bands for each channel. 11.如权利要求9所述的空闲信道估计设备，其中，所述报告CCA的时间段每18个OFDM码元重复一次，并对应于用于向MAC报告信道状态的至少一个OFDM码元的时间段。11. The clear channel estimation device according to claim 9, wherein the time period for reporting CCA is repeated every 18 OFDM symbols, and corresponds to the time of at least one OFDM symbol for reporting the channel state to the MAC part. 12.如权利要求9所述的空闲信道估计设备，其中，所述预定的临界值小于对峰值计数得到的数量的最大值，并根据时间频率码而确立。12. The clear channel estimating apparatus according to claim 9, wherein said predetermined critical value is smaller than a maximum value of the number obtained by counting the peak value and is established according to a time-frequency code. 13.如权利要求9所述的空闲信道估计设备，其中，如果多个频带用于各信道，则所述两个移动平均窗口被应用于所述多个频带中的任何一个频带。13. The clear channel estimation apparatus of claim 9, wherein if a plurality of frequency bands are used for each channel, the two moving average windows are applied to any one of the plurality of frequency bands. 14.如权利要求9所述的空闲信道估计设备，其中，如果多个频带用于各信道，则所述两个移动平均窗口中的每个移动平均窗口的时间段等于用于跳频的至少一个OFDM码元单位的时间段。14. The vacant channel estimation device as claimed in claim 9, wherein if a plurality of frequency bands are used for each channel, the time period of each moving average window in the two moving average windows is equal to at least The time period of one OFDM symbol unit. 15.如权利要求9所述的空闲信道估计设备，其中，如果单一频带用于各信道，则所述移动平均窗口的时间段等于64个采样单位的时间段。15. The vacant channel estimating apparatus according to claim 9, wherein if a single frequency band is used for each channel, a time period of the moving average window is equal to a time period of 64 sample units.
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