CN101167816B - 毛茛总苷的制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
毛茛总苷的制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101167816B CN101167816B CN2007100312287A CN200710031228A CN101167816B CN 101167816 B CN101167816 B CN 101167816B CN 2007100312287 A CN2007100312287 A CN 2007100312287A CN 200710031228 A CN200710031228 A CN 200710031228A CN 101167816 B CN101167816 B CN 101167816B
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种毛茛总苷的制备方法和应用。本发明以毛茛全草为原料提取得到含有60%~90%的三萜皂苷类成分的毛茛总苷;本发明同时提供了所述毛茛总苷在制备心血管药物方面的应用,在制备抗心肌肥厚药物、舒张血管平滑肌药物、抑制心脏作用药物、镇痛抗炎等药物方面的应用。对所述毛茛总苷的进一步研究有望发现选择性高、活性强、毒副作用小的新型心血管以及镇痛抗炎药物,为毛茛总苷在医学方面的广泛应用打下坚实的基础,具有重要的潜在产业化开发价值以及对人类研究新型天然药物的重大贡献。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体涉及一种毛茛全草提取物毛茛总苷的制备方法及其在医药学领域的应用。
背景技术
心血管疾病和疼痛炎症等病症,是临床常见病症。心肌肥厚是一种对慢性压力或容量超负荷产生的靶器官反应,可导致心肌柔韧性下降,心脏舒缩功能不全,引起严重的心血管事件,导致死亡率和致残率增高;
炎症是具有血管系统的活体组织对损伤因子发生的防御反应,其局部临床特征是红肿热痛和功能障碍。
针对上述疾病,虽然有许多治疗药物,但基于疗效和不良反应等方面的问题,寻找这方面的新药,仍然是当前和今后研究的热点。
毛茛又名鱼疔草、鸭脚板、野芹菜、山辣椒、老虎脚爪草、毛芹菜、起泡草,生长在丘陵或低山沟边,水田边或湿草地。中药大词典记载毛茛在民间用于治疗偏头痛,胃痛,风湿关节痛,牙痛等多种炎症疼痛,表明毛茛中含有某种或某类抗炎镇痛的物质。将其作为新药进行研究,并应用于临床,具有广阔的应用前景和社会效益及经济效益。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种天然植物提取物毛茛总苷(Total glycosides of Ranunculus,TGOR),通过本发明,可以明确地得到毛茛医药作用的有效部位。
本发明另一个目的是提供所述毛茛总苷的简单可行的制备方法。
本发明还有一个目的是提供毛茛总苷在医药学领域的应用,具体是在制备心血管药物或镇痛抗炎药物方面的应用。
本发明的技术方案是提供一种毛茛总苷(TGOR),以毛茛全草为原料提取得到,含有60%~80%的三萜皂苷类成分。
本发明提供了所述毛茛总苷的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)毛茛全草晾干切碎,水或不同浓度的乙醇或甲醇回流或不同浓度的乙醇或甲醇渗漉提取,过滤,合并提取液,减压回收溶剂,浓缩;
(2)往(1)浓缩液中加入等体积的乙酸乙酯萃取;取下层水层蒸干溶剂,得膏状物;
(3)膏状物用一定量水溶解,经大孔树脂吸附,先用蒸馏水洗树脂至清,再用50~95%乙醇或甲醇洗脱,浓缩,蒸干溶剂得膏状毛茛总苷产物。
步骤(1)所述提取采用水或10~95%的乙醇或甲醇,乙醇或甲醇水液按照与毛茛全草重量比为7∶1的用量,提取2~3次。
本发明同时提供了所述毛茛总苷在制备心血管药物方面的应用,尤其是在制备抗心肌肥厚药物方面的应用,以及在制备舒张血管平滑肌药物方面、在制备抑制心脏作用药物方面的应用,
本发明还提供了所述毛茛总苷在制备镇痛抗炎药物方面的应用,可用于肩周炎、风湿性关节炎等疾病的治疗,本发明的毛茛总苷的药物组合物可以是片剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、丸剂、滴丸剂、泡腾片、软膏剂、糖浆剂、注射剂、口服液、合剂、缓释剂、控释制剂或靶向制 剂等形式。
本发明的有益效果是:
(1)本发明提供了一种新的天然植物提取物,并进行了可行的质量控制方面的鉴别分析研究。
(2)提供了毛茛总苷的提取工艺,方法简单,安全易行,成本较低。
(3)本发明研究了毛茛总苷的医药用途,对所述毛茛总苷的进一步研究有望发现选择性高、活性强、毒副作用小的新型心血管以及镇痛抗炎药物,为毛茛总苷在医学方面的广泛应用打下坚实的基础,具有重要的潜在产业化开发价值以及对人类研究新型天然药物的重大贡献。
附图说明
图1毛茛总苷薄层层析示意图
图2心肌细胞形态(HE染色)
图3毛茛总苷对心肌肥厚的抑制作用
图4毛茛总苷对离体蛙心的抑制作用
图5毛茛总苷对抗NE引起血管环收缩的作用
图6毛茛总苷对NE引起血管环收缩作用的抑制率比较
图7毛茛总苷对二甲苯诱导的小鼠耳廓肿胀的抑制作用
图8毛茛总苷对角叉菜诱导的大鼠足肿胀的影响
图9毛茛总苷对热板刺激诱导的大鼠疼痛模型的影响
图10毛茛总苷对醋酸刺激诱导的小鼠疼痛模型的影响
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例来进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
毛茛总苷的制备、成分鉴别及含量测定
一、制备
(1)毛茛全草2kg晾干切碎,用14kg水或10~95%乙醇或甲醇回流或渗漉提取三次,80目筛过滤,合并提取液,减压回收溶剂,浓缩至1.05kg。
(2)往(1)浓缩液中加入与浓缩液等体积的乙酸乙酯萃取4次至乙酸乙酯层为浅绿色,取下层水层蒸干溶剂,得膏状物200g;
(3)200g膏状物经D101大孔树脂吸附,50%乙醇至95%甲醇洗脱洗涤,5~10L的醇用量,浓缩,采用常规方法常压或减压蒸干溶剂,得膏状毛茛总苷产物100g,在毛茛全草中毛茛总苷有效部位干重约为5%。
二、成分鉴别
A.化学鉴别:Libermann-Burchard反应:取少量上述膏状毛茛总苷产物,置白瓷板上,用1ml冰醋酸溶解,加1ml醋酐-浓硫酸试剂(19∶1),混合均匀,颜色变化为黄色→棕色→棕褐色,变化较快。表明含有三萜皂苷类成分。
B.薄层鉴别:样品处理:称取7.5g的上述膏状毛茛总苷产物,用200-300目的正相硅胶柱层析,CHCl3-CH3OH(3∶1-1∶1)梯度洗脱,收集51-58号管,蒸干溶剂,加20%硫酸水溶液110℃水解3h,取出 冷却,用氯仿萃取三次,取下层氯仿层。
薄层层析板:硅胶-0.3%CMC-Na(1∶2.5)铺板,室温晾干,105℃活化30min;
展开剂:石油醚-乙酸乙酯(1∶1);
紫外灯观察:波长采用254nm或365nm;
显色剂:浓硫酸-香草醛。结果见图1。
三、含量测定
本实验采用分光光度法测定毛茛总皂苷的含量。以齐墩果酸为对照品。精密称取提取物适量置于10ml具塞试管中,加入新配制的5%香草醛冰醋酸溶液0.2ml、高氯酸0.8ml,于70℃水浴中保温15min,立即置于冰水中冷却5min,加冰醋酸5ml,摇匀,放置10min。空白管除不加齐墩果酸或毛茛总苷外,其余试剂相同。照分光光度法[中国药典(2005年版)一部]实验,在560nm波长处立即测量吸光度A。以A(吸光度)对浓度C作图,得回归方程为A=4.5245×10-2C+2.032×10-3 ,r=0.9975。线形范围是6.0mg/L~18.0mg/L。方法学考察符合规定。本文采用比色法测定皂苷的含量,方法简单、快速、廉价。按本法测定毛茛总苷含量在60~80%之间。
实施例2
本发明抗心肌肥厚作用实验
1.药物
血管紧张素II,Sigma公司,批号:125K51011
DMEM干粉,Gibco公司,批号:1324945
胎牛血清,Hyclone公司,批号:20060404
胰蛋白酶,北京鼎国,批号:DH355-2
II型胶原酶,Invitrogen,批号:DH071
青霉素,Sigma,批号:DH231-1
链霉素,Sigma,批号:DH325
5-BrdU,Roche,批号:280879
磺基罗丹明B,Sigma-Aldrich,批号:3520-42-1
三氯醋酸,Genebase,批号:G2365
其他试剂均为国产分析纯
2.仪器
CO2培养箱,海尔公司;
酶标仪850型,Biotech laboratories;
生物倒置显微镜XSP-15C,上海长方光学仪器有限公司;
低速离心机LD4-2A型,北京医用离心机厂;
立式压力蒸汽灭菌器YXQ-LS-30S II,上海博迅实业有限公司医疗设备厂。
3.心肌细胞的分离和培养
用75%酒精给刚出生1~4天的SD乳鼠消毒,在无菌工作台中取其心脏,放入预冷的D-Hanks液中,剔除心脏周围的肺、大血管及结蒂组织。然后将心脏转入另一个有预冷的D-Hanks平皿中,挤压心脏,洗掉血细胞。接着所有的心脏移入一个25ml烧杯中,烧杯带有一个自制的磁力搅拌子,剪碎心脏至沙粒状。加0.125%胰酶∶0.08%=1∶ 1的胶原酶消化液,室温消化6分钟,用小牛血清终止消化,静置片刻,吸去上清。再加入等体积的上述胶原酶消化液继续消化,收集上清。如此连续消化多次,收集所有的上清,1000rpm离心8min。弃去上清,用D-Hanks液再悬浮细胞,1000rpm离心8min。弃去上清。收集沉淀,用20%FBS混悬,过120目细胞筛,接种至培养瓶中培养2h后,吸出上清,调整细胞密度到1×105~4×105个/ml,加终浓度为0.1mmol/l的BrdU。细胞培养72h后换成5%FBS培养24h即可进行下面的实验。
4.心肌肥厚模型的构建
构建条件
4.1用正交实验设计法考查细胞密度,血管紧张素Ang II浓度和加药干预时间这三个因素对肥厚心肌细胞的影响,确定心肌细胞肥厚模型构建的最佳条件,实验重复2次。
表1 因素水平表
4.2细胞分组
将细胞接种至96孔中,分成9个组,按照表2方法加药处理。
表2 L9(33)
4.3指标检测
心肌细胞是一种高度分化的终末细胞,有收缩功能,一般情况下不能增殖,伴有体积或长度的增加,而不伴有数量增多。心肌肥厚是心肌细胞和间质细胞对神经体液因素或机械牵张所作出的应答反应,这些神经体液因素包括血管紧张素II(angiotensin II,Ang II)、内皮素-1(endothelin-1,ET-1)、儿茶酚胺类递质、胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin-like grow factor-1),肿瘤坏死因子-α。这些因子都是心肌肥厚发生发展的正性调控因素。它们相应的受体则成为目前心肌肥厚防治的主要靶分子。文献报道血管紧张素II与其I型受体(AT1)结合后能够直接诱导心肌细胞肥厚。心肌细胞肥厚后在形态上表现为体积的增大,内在表现为细胞内的总蛋白含量、蛋白合成量和DNA合成量增加。
亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、缬氨酸等氨基酸是人体合成蛋白质的必需氨基酸,因此在体外培养的心肌细胞中掺入3H-亮氨酸或者14C-苯丙氨酸可以考察心肌细胞蛋白合成情况。一般来说掺入量大小与 心肌细胞蛋白合成量成正相关。用液体闪烁计数仪对3H、14C等低能β射线进行放射性计数测量,以间接反应心肌细胞的蛋白合成量。
DNA结构中包含腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶和胞嘧啶4种碱基,胸腺嘧啶是DNA的特有碱基,亦是DNA合成之必需物质。胸腺嘧啶消耗提示DNA合成的活跃,以3H-TDR的掺入量可对心肌细胞的DNA合成进行定量。
考马斯亮蓝法、双缩脲法和lorry-酚试剂法等传统的染色法都可以测定细胞的蛋白含量,用这些方法可对肥厚心肌细胞内的总蛋白进行定量。磺基罗丹明B(SRB)是一种蛋白结合染料,可与经TCA固定后的细胞蛋白质中的碱性氨基酸结合而显色,呈现一种明亮的粉红色,用酶联免疫检测仪测定吸光度,可提供一个敏感的细胞蛋白含量的数值。SRB法避免使用放射性元素,实验方法与MTT法比较,有其突出的优点:①操作所需的时间更短,TCA固定细胞需1h,SRB染色仅需10~30min,而MTT法中细胞加入MTT以后,还需4h;②SRB法并不一定要在一段固定时间内完成全部操作,细胞用TCA固定后或与SRB结合后均可以存放,到合适的时间再检测,其OD值仍很稳定,而MTT法必须一次完成全部操作;③SRB法比MTT法更加灵敏,若一孔中仅有150个细胞,用SRB法可检测出,而MTT法却不能测出。与传统的考马斯亮蓝法、双缩脲法和lorry-酚试剂法,操作方法更加简单,敏感度高。
据此,本实验用SRB对心肌细胞染色,以测定细胞内的总蛋白含量。
细胞培养若干时间后,取出96孔板,吸走培养基,每孔加50ul的50%三氯醋酸,在4℃中固定30min,倒掉三氯醋酸,去离子水洗5遍,室温下放置24小时,让培养孔的水分挥干,然后用70ul 0.4%SRB在室温下染色20min,倒掉SRB,用1%乙酸洗5次,室温下放置24小时,等培养孔中的水分挥干后,每孔加200ul 10mmol/LUnbuffered Tris-base,在平板振荡器上振摇10min,然后在492nm下用酶标仪检测各个孔中的吸光度,见表3。
表3 9个测试组的吸收比数值
| 试验号 | AngII浓度(A) | 细胞密度(B) | 培养时间(C) | 吸光度均值 |
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 | 123123123 | 1 2 3 2 3 1 3 1 2 | 0.2695 0.4726 0.3702 0.27150.3760 0.3942 0.2307 0.52030.5023 |
| T1 T2 T3 R×3 | 1.1123 1.04171.2763 0.2346 | 0.77171.39191.26670.6206 | 1.1840 1.24640.9769 0.2695 |
对上述试验结果作直观分析表明:以R值大小来判断主次因素,细胞密度是主要因素,依次是加药培养时间和Ang II浓度。最佳条件为A3B2C2,即Ang II浓度为10-6mol/L,细胞密度为2×105/ml,加药 干预培养时间为48h。这个组合在正交表中未出现,为了证明其可靠性,按A3B2C2条件进行试验,试验结果得到的吸光度值为:0.5433,比表3中任何一组试验得到的吸光度值都大,证明所得到的最佳条件是可靠的。
4.4 HE染色形态学比较
细胞分组:
将细胞培养在底部置有2×2cm载波片的直径为3.5cm的培养皿中,每个培养皿加1ml细胞悬液,分成三个组:(1)正常组:不加药物处理;(2)模型组:加Ang II孵育,终浓度为10-6mol/L;(3)药物组:同时加Ang II和losatan处理,终浓度均为10-6mol/l,同时加供试药干预48小时。
对细胞行HE染色,显微照相,见图2,图2所示1~3天的SD乳鼠心肌细胞HE染色结果(×100),A正常心肌细胞,B血管紧张素II诱导的肥厚心肌细胞,C肥厚心肌细胞经losatan干预48小时。
从HE染色结果可以看出由血管紧张素II诱导的肥厚心肌细胞(B图)的表面积比正常组显著增大,肥厚心肌细胞经losatan干预48小时,心肌细胞表面积基本恢复至正常水平(C图)。
5.根据上述实验条件进行抗心肌细胞肥厚药物实验
5.1分组:
心肌细胞接种培养至96孔板中,72小时后,培养液换成5%FBS培养24h,对细胞分组,每组设8个复孔,加药干预:(1)正常组,加等体积的DMEM;(2)肥厚模型组:Ang II终浓度为10-6mol/l;(3) losatan组:同时加Ang II和losatan,终浓度均为10-6mol/l;(4)本发明毛茛总苷组:Ang II终浓度均为10-6mol/l,毛茛总苷终浓度为50μg/ml,加药干预48小时。
5.2指标检测:
本实验用SRB法考查各组心肌细胞中总蛋白的含量,具体方法同4.心肌肥厚模型的构建中所述方法。观察毛茛总苷对肥厚心肌细胞的影响。根据正交实验设计和HE染色检测确定肥厚模型构建的最佳条件,即细胞浓度:2×105/ml,Ang II终浓度:10-6mol/L,加药干预时间:48小时。以此为条件,将实验分成正常心肌细胞组,肥厚模型组,洛沙坦治疗组,药物干预组,结果显示毛茛总苷具有显著的抗心肌肥厚作用,效果与洛沙坦组相当。
5.3实验结果:
各组细胞经10-6mol/l的Ang II孵育48小时后,SRB法所获OD值明显比正常组大,表明经Ang II诱导后的细胞总蛋白含量增高,即心肌细胞经过10-6mol/l的Ang II孵育48小时后,细胞发生了肥厚。实验的结果得出,50μg/ml的毛茛总苷具有显著抑制心肌肥厚的作用,与模型组相比,p<0.01。实验结果见图3。
每组实验设8个复孔,实验重复3次以上,图示为一代表性的结果。数据用平均值±标准偏差来表示,**p<0.01,表示与Ang II组相比较,有显著性差异。
实施例3
毛茛总苷抑制心脏作用实验
1仪器、药物和动物
1.1仪器
生物信号采集系统(MS4000U),广州龙飞达科技有限公司10g张力换能器,北京新航兴业科贸有限公司
1.2药物
盐酸普萘诺尔片,陕西永寿制药有限责任公司,批号:20051028盐酸异丙肾上腺素注射液,上海禾丰制药有限公司,批号:5E20004
1.3动物
青蛙,60~90g左右,♀♂兼用,30只,由广州市穗北动物中心提供;
2实验方法
2.1蛙心插管:
参照已有的实验方法制作斯氏离体心脏标本,然后用蛙心夹夹住心尖,经张力换能器连接生物信号采集系统,每个套管加1ml的任氏液,描计一段正常心跳曲线,并按下述分组进行试验。
2.2实验分组
2.2.1毛茛总苷对离体蛙心基础张力的影响:
分别往套管中加入10μg/ml普萘洛尔,1μg/ml和10μg/ml的毛茛总苷,描计效应曲线,计算加药前后收缩幅度比值,加药后收缩幅度/基础收缩幅度,用D/F表示,见表4。
2.2.2毛茛总苷对离体蛙心的抑制作用
任氏液中加入10μg/ml异丙肾上腺素(Iso)溶液,待作用明显 后,再分别加入10μg/ml普萘洛尔、1μg/ml或10μg/ml的毛茛总苷,描计效应曲线,计算加药前后收缩幅度比值,加药后收缩幅度/加Iso后收缩幅度,用D/I表示,见表4。
| 组别 | 终浓度(μg/ml) | D/F | D/I |
| 普萘洛尔毛茛总苷毛茛总苷 | 10110 | 0.506±0.071 0.898±0.058** 0.836±0.115** | 0.712±0.098 0.919±0.058** 0.885±0.056** |
注:**,与普萘洛尔组比较,p<0.01
2.2.3数据处理
实验数据以(x±s)表示,采用t检验进行统计学处理,P<0.05作为显著性差异的界值。
3实验结果 实验结果见图4.
4结论
本实验表明1μg/ml和10μg/ml毛茛总苷可以降低离体蛙心的基础张力,并可对抗异丙肾上腺素引起的心收缩力加强。
实施例4
本发明毛茛总苷对血管环作用实验
1仪器、药物和动物
1.1仪器
生物信号采集系统,Medlab-U/4C501型,南京美易科技公司10g张力换能器,北京新航兴业科贸有限公司
超级恒温器501型,上海市实验仪器厂
1.2药物
重酒石酸去甲肾上腺素注射液(NE),天津金耀氨基酸有限公司,批号:0503221
氯化乙酰胆碱,上海三爱思试剂有限公司,批号:20030620甲磺酸酚妥拉明注射液(Phe),旭东海普,批号:060201
1.3动物
SD大鼠,SPF级,200g左右,雌雄兼用,30只,由广东省医学实验动物中心提供,许可证号:SCXK(粤)2003-0002粤监证字2006A015
2.实验方法
2.1实验分组:
2.1.1毛茛总苷对NE引起血管环收缩的影响
在给血管环通氧气下,施加前负荷1.5g,平衡1.5h后滴加终浓度为10-6mol/l去甲肾上腺素引起血管收缩到平台期,实验分为四组:(1)空白对照组,加生理盐水0.1ml;(2)毛茛总苷低剂量组,其终浓度为1mg/ml;(3)毛茛总苷高剂量组,其终浓度为2mg/ml;(4)酚妥拉明组,其终浓度为5×10-6mol/L。结果见图5。
为定量考察毛茛总对抗NE引起血管环收缩的作用,按下式计算供试药对抗NE引起血管环收缩的抑制率,抑制率(%)=(加NE后血管环张力-加供试药后血管张力)/加NE后血管环张力。结果见图6,图6显示,终浓度为1mg/ml和2mg/ml的毛茛总苷明显抑制由去 甲肾上腺素诱导的血管收缩作用,其抑制率呈明显的剂量依赖性。
实施例5
本发明毛茛总苷抗炎镇痛作用的实验
角叉菜诱导大鼠足肿胀模型和二甲苯致小鼠耳廓肿胀模型都是经典的炎症模型,以毛细血管扩张、毛细管通透性亢进为主要症状。冰醋酸致小鼠扭体反应是间接地通过腹腔产生急性炎症所致,并使腹腔液中的PGE与PGF水平升高,从而产生外周疼痛反应;而热刺激造成的动物疼痛模型是中枢疼痛模型。
1药物、仪器和动物
1.1药物
地塞米松(DEX),浙江仙琚制药股份有限公司,批号:060105硫酸罗通定注射液(Rotundine),广东省博罗先锋药业集团有限公司,批号:060104
其他试剂:二甲苯(分析纯),中国人民解放军第90662厂生产。
1.2仪器
FA2104S电子分析天平,上海天平仪器厂
电子台秤,广东中山市新和基科技开发有限公司生产超级恒温器(501型),上海市实验仪器厂
1.3动物
SPF级SD大鼠,由广东省医学实验动物中心提供,许可证号:SCXK(粤)2003-002,粤监证字2005A010;体重150g-160g。SPF级NIH小鼠,由广东省医学实验动物中心提供,许可证号:SCXK(粤) 2003-002,粤监证字2004A018;体重18-22g,雌雄各半。SPF级NIH小鼠,由广东省医学实验动物中心提供,许可证号:SCXK(粤)2003-002,粤监证字2005A012;体重18-22g,雌雄各半。
2实验方法
2.1毛茛总苷对二甲苯所致小鼠耳廓肿胀的影响
取NIH小鼠50只,雌雄各半,随机均分5组,每组10只。即生理盐水组、毛茛总苷低、中、高三个剂量组,即200mg、400mg、800mg/kg,地塞米松组,阳性,成人每人总剂量为30mg,成人体重按60kg计算,小鼠按成人用药剂量的20倍给药,即30mg×20/60=10mg/kg。每日给药一次,连续3天,末次给药后1小时,各组小鼠右耳涂二甲苯0.05ml/只,左耳作对照,15分钟后处死小鼠,用直径7mm的打孔器将双耳同部位等面积切下,用电子天平分别称重,按下式计算右耳肿胀率:右耳肿胀率(%)=(右耳片重-左耳片重)/左耳片重×100%。结果见图7。
2.2毛茛总苷对角叉菜所致大鼠足肿胀的影响
取SD大鼠50只,雌雄各半,随机均分5组,即生理盐水组、毛茛总苷低、中、高三个剂量组,即400mg、200mg、100mg/kg,地塞米松组,阳性,成人每人总剂量为30mg,成人体重按60kg计算,大鼠按成人用药剂量的10倍给药,即30mg×10/60=5mg/kg,每天给药一次。连续3天,末次给药后2小时,用软皮尺先测定每鼠右后肢正常踝关节周长,分别在大鼠右后足跖皮下注射1%角叉菜胶混悬液0.1ml/只,致炎,随后分别于1小时,2小时,4小时,6小时各 测量一次踝关节周长,记录结果,按下式计算足周长变化
足周长变化=致炎后踝关节周长-致炎前踝关节周长
计算各鼠足周长变化。结果见图8,图8显示,200mg/kg和400mg/kg毛茛总苷可显著抑制大鼠足肿胀,提示毛茛总苷有良好抗炎作用。
2.3毛茛总苷对热板刺激引起小鼠疼痛反应的影响
调节超级恒温水浴的温度在55℃±0.5℃,将热板预热10min。取18~22g雌性小鼠,每次1只放在热板上,小鼠自放在热板上至出现舔后足所需时间秒数作为该鼠的痛阈值。凡舔后足时间小于5秒或大于30秒或跳跃者,弃之不用。将合格的50只小鼠随机分为5组,即生理盐水组、毛茛总苷低、中、高三个剂量组,即200mg、400mg、800mg/kg,罗通定组,阳性,成人每人总剂量为90mg,成人体重按60kg计算,小鼠按成人用药剂量的20倍给药,即90mg×20/60=30mg/kg。各实验组小鼠每日给药一次,对照组给等量的生理盐水,连续三次,末次给药后60分钟测定小鼠痛阈值,如60秒仍无反应,将小鼠取出,以免烫伤,其痛阈值按60秒计算。结果见图9,图9表明:200mg/kg,400mg/kg和800mg/kg毛茛总苷可显著抑制由55℃热板刺激诱导的疼痛反应,此镇痛效果与罗通定相当。
2.4毛茛总苷对醋酸刺激引起小鼠扭体反应的影响
取NIH小鼠50只,雌雄各半,随机均分5组,即生理盐水组、毛茛总苷低、中、高三个剂量组,即200mg、400mg、800mg/kg,罗通定组,30mg/kg。各实验组小鼠每日给药一次,对照组给等量的生 理盐水,连续三次,末次给药后1小时,各鼠腹腔注射0.6%乙酸0.2ml/只,观察15分钟内各鼠出现的扭体次数,并计算各药的镇痛百分率:
计算各鼠镇痛百分率。结果列于表7和图10。
| 组别 | n | 剂量 (mg/kg) | 15′内的扭体 次数 | 镇痛百分 率(%) |
| 生理盐水 罗通定 毛茛总苷毛茛总苷 毛茛总苷 | 10 10 1010 10 | 等体积 30 200400 800 | 28.5±10.9 9.0±10.26***15.5±5.4*** 6.4±4.6***8.8±6.7*** | 68.445.647.776.8 |
与生理盐水组比较:***,p<0.01;T检验
表7说明,毛茛总苷对醋酸引起的小鼠扭体反应均有显著的抑制作,图10表明:200mg/kg,400mg/kg和800mg/kg毛茛总苷显著抑制由醋酸刺激诱导的疼痛反应,并具有剂量依赖性。
2.5统计分析
3实验结果
结果显示:毛茛总苷的200mg/kg、400mg/kg和800mg/kg三个剂量 组对二甲苯所致的小鼠耳廓肿胀均有显著的抑制作用,且有剂量依赖性。毛茛总苷的200mg/kg和400mg/kg两个剂量组对角叉菜所致大鼠足肿胀有显著的抑制作用;提示毛茛总苷有良好的抗炎作用。毛茛总苷200mg/kg、400mg/kg和800mg/kg三个剂量组明显拮抗由热刺激(有剂量依赖性)和醋酸诱导的疼痛反应,提示毛茛总苷对外周和中枢性疼痛可能都有拮抗作用。
Claims (7)
1.一种毛茛总苷的制备方法,其特征是包括以下步骤:
(1)毛茛全草晾干切碎,用水或10~95%乙醇或甲醇回流或渗漉提取,过滤,合并提取液,减压回收溶剂,浓缩;
(2)往(1)浓缩液中加入等体积的乙酸乙酯萃取,取下层水层蒸干溶剂,得膏状物;
(3)膏状物用一定量水溶解,经大孔树脂吸附,先用蒸馏水洗树脂至清,再用50~95%乙醇或甲醇洗脱,浓缩,蒸干溶剂得膏状毛茛总苷产物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的毛茛总苷的制备方法,其特征是步骤(1)所述提取采用水或10~95%乙醇或甲醇回流或渗漉提取,溶剂与毛茛全草重量比为7∶1的用量,提取2~3次。
3.一种采用权利要求1或2所述制备方法制备得到的毛茛总苷的应用,其特征是在制备心血管药物方面的应用。
4.根据权利要求3所述毛茛总苷的应用,其特征是在制备抗心肌肥厚药物方面的应用。
5.根据权利要求3所述毛茛总苷的应用,其特征是在制备舒张血管平滑肌药物方面的应用。
6.根据权利要求3所述毛茛总苷的应用,其特征是在制备抑制心脏作用药物方面的应用。
7.一种采用权利要求1或2所述制备方法制备得到的毛茛总苷的应用,其特征是在制备镇痛抗炎药物方面的应用。
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| CN1406591A (zh) * | 2001-08-24 | 2003-04-02 | 胡世卿 | 用毛莨科植物制备的抗无菌性炎症的药物及其用途 |
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Non-Patent Citations (7)
| Title |
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| 杨世昆.毛茛叶外敷治愈2例慢性膝关节炎的疗效观察.中国民间疗法 4.1994,(4),37. |
| 杨世昆.毛茛叶外敷治愈2例慢性膝关节炎的疗效观察.中国民间疗法 4.1994,(4),37. * |
| 蔡飒等.毛茛提取液含药血清对家兔子宫平滑肌细胞的影响.中草药36 4.2005,36(4),566-568. |
| 蔡飒等.毛茛提取液含药血清对家兔子宫平滑肌细胞的影响.中草药36 4.2005,36(4),566-568. * |
| 郑威.毛茛化学成分的研究及几种中药新药的开发研究.中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库.2006,论文全文. * |
| 郑威等.毛茛化学成分的研究.中国中药杂志31 11.2006,31(11),892-894. |
| 郑威等.毛茛化学成分的研究.中国中药杂志31 11.2006,31(11),892-894. * |
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