CN101034801A - Online testing method of electrical arc light protection unit - Google Patents
Online testing method of electrical arc light protection unit Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种电弧光保护单元在线测试方法，(1)在开关柜内安装弧光传感器，并在弧光传感器的周围固定光强度可调的模拟光源；(2)在电力系统正常运行的条件下，通过转换开关临时解除电弧光保护单元与电力系统的电气连接，与测试单元连接；(3)测试单元控制施加到电弧光保护单元上的模拟故障电流和模拟光强度，测试电弧光保护单元在给定强度的光和电流作用下的动作性能；(4)测试单元自动记录电弧光保护单元在给定强度的光和电流条件下的测试结果，判断电弧光保护单元运行是否正常。本发明能在线测试并记录不同故障电流和光强度作用下，电弧光保护单元精确的动作参数，为保证电弧光保护单元可靠运行提供了精确的测试手段。
The invention relates to an online testing method for an arc light protection unit. (1) An arc light sensor is installed in a switch cabinet, and an analog light source with adjustable light intensity is fixed around the arc light sensor; (2) Under the condition of normal operation of the power system , temporarily release the electrical connection between the arc protection unit and the power system through the transfer switch, and connect with the test unit; (3) the test unit controls the simulated fault current and simulated light intensity applied to the arc protection unit, and the test arc protection unit is Action performance under given intensity of light and current; (4) The test unit automatically records the test results of the arc protection unit under the given intensity of light and current, and judges whether the arc protection unit is operating normally. The invention can online test and record the precise action parameters of the arc protection unit under different fault currents and light intensities, and provides accurate testing means for ensuring the reliable operation of the arc protection unit.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种电力系统中对开关设备保护单元的测试方法，尤其是涉及一种在电力系统正常运行条件下，能对电弧光保护单元在线测试的方法。The invention relates to a method for testing a switchgear protection unit in a power system, in particular to a method capable of online testing of an arc light protection unit under normal operating conditions of the power system.
背景技术Background technique
当开关设备发生短路故障时，所产生的电弧快速释放能量，使开关设备内的压力和温度迅速增加，因电弧产生的能量是以I2t指数规律快速上升，故一旦电弧点燃，周围的空气就立刻电离，而产生强大的爆炸性压力和高温，如不及时切除，将会造成重大事故。目前中、低压系统中的开关设备通常采用以下三种保护方法：(1)、变压器后备过流保护，其保护动作时间为1.2s～1.4s；(2)、采用馈线速断保护闭锁的变压器后备过流保护，保护动作时间为300ms～400ms；(3)、高阻抗保护，保护动作时间为35ms～60ms。由此可见，上述第一种和第二种保护方法对开关设备保护，对总切除时间小于100ms的要求来讲，动作时间太长。而采用第三种保护，其保护范围受CT安装位置的限制，设备价格昂贵。When a short-circuit fault occurs in the switchgear, the generated arc releases energy quickly, causing the pressure and temperature in the switchgear to increase rapidly. Because the energy generated by the arc rises rapidly according to the I 2 t exponential law, once the arc is ignited, the surrounding air Immediately ionized, resulting in strong explosive pressure and high temperature, if not removed in time, will cause major accidents. At present, switchgear in medium and low voltage systems usually adopts the following three protection methods: (1) Transformer backup overcurrent protection, whose protection action time is 1.2s ~ 1.4s; (2) Transformer backup with feeder quick-break protection blocking Overcurrent protection, the protection action time is 300ms~400ms; (3), high impedance protection, the protection action time is 35ms~60ms. It can be seen that the above-mentioned first and second protection methods have too long action time for switchgear protection and for the requirement that the total cut-off time is less than 100 ms. And adopt the third kind of protection, its protection range is limited by the CT installation position, and the equipment is expensive.
针对上述问题，目前公开的电弧光保护方法是通过检测开关柜内部发生严重短路故障时所产生的弧光，并结合过流闭锁来实现快速可靠的保护动作，使电弧光保护系统能提供了小于20ms的跳闸输出。所以采用这种方法的总故障切除时间能小于80ms～100ms，并且短路故障对开关设备不会造成明显的损坏，是目前最快速的保护设备。但目前对电弧光保护单元进行测试方法均采用离线测试法，如通过离线调节光源强度和模拟故障电流的大小来测试电弧光保护单元的动作性能，或利用手持闪光灯等光源对电弧光保护单元进行测试，但上述二个电弧光保护测试方法过于简单，不能精确地检测保护控制单元实际的动作参数。In response to the above problems, the currently disclosed arc protection method is to detect the arc generated when a serious short-circuit fault occurs inside the switchgear, and combined with over-current blocking to achieve fast and reliable protection action, so that the arc protection system can provide less than 20ms trip output. Therefore, the total fault removal time of this method can be less than 80ms ~ 100ms, and the short-circuit fault will not cause obvious damage to the switchgear, and it is the fastest protection device at present. However, the current testing methods for arc protection units are all offline testing methods, such as testing the action performance of the arc protection unit by adjusting the intensity of the light source offline and simulating the magnitude of the fault current, or using a light source such as a hand-held flashlight to test the arc protection unit. However, the above two arc protection test methods are too simple to accurately detect the actual action parameters of the protection control unit.
在电力系统中，电弧光保护单元主要负责实现电力系统母线短路保护，而电弧光保护单元的弧光传感器的精度和灵敏度都非常容易受环境污染等因素的影响，使保护装置动作的准确性和迅速性出现变化。因此保护装置的拒动和误动都会导致重大的损失。为了保证电力系统的正常运行，在不中断电力系统运行的条件下对电力保护装置进行在线测试是电力设备发展的一个非常重要的方向。In the power system, the arc protection unit is mainly responsible for the short circuit protection of the power system bus, and the accuracy and sensitivity of the arc sensor of the arc protection unit are very easily affected by factors such as environmental pollution, so that the accuracy and speed of the protection device action Sex changes. Therefore, the refusal and misoperation of the protection device will cause significant losses. In order to ensure the normal operation of the power system, it is a very important direction for the development of power equipment to conduct online testing of power protection devices without interrupting the operation of the power system.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是提供一种电弧光保护单元在线测试方法，在不影响电力系统正常运行的条件下，通过控制模拟光强度和模拟故障电流大小，在线测试并记录给定故障电流和电弧光强度作用下，电弧光保护单元动作的技术参数，从而实现电弧光保护单元持续、可靠的运行。The purpose of the present invention is to provide an online testing method for an arc protection unit, which can test and record a given fault current and arc intensity online by controlling the simulated light intensity and simulated fault current without affecting the normal operation of the power system. Under the action, the technical parameters of the arc protection unit action, so as to realize the continuous and reliable operation of the arc protection unit.
本发明为达到上述目的的技术方案是：一种电弧光保护单元在线测试方法，其特征在于：(1)、首先在开关柜内安装弧光传感器，在弧光传感器的周围固定光强度可调的模拟光源，模拟光源安装位置能保证模拟光源发出的光能被弧光传感器接收；(2)、在电力系统正常运行的条件下通过转换开关临时解除电弧光保护单元与电力系统的电气连接，使电弧光保护单元与测试单元连接；(3)、测试单元控制施加到电弧光保护单元上的模拟故障电流和模拟光强度，测试电弧光保护单元在给定强度的光和电流作用下的动作性能；(4)、测试单元自动记录电弧光保护单元在各种条件下的测试结果，并判断电弧光保护单元运行是否正常。The technical solution of the present invention to achieve the above object is: an online testing method for arc protection unit, which is characterized in that: (1), firstly, an arc sensor is installed in the switch cabinet, and an analog device with adjustable light intensity is fixed around the arc sensor. The light source, the installation position of the simulated light source can ensure that the light emitted by the simulated light source can be received by the arc sensor; (2), under the condition of normal operation of the power system, the electrical connection between the arc protection unit and the power system is temporarily released through the transfer switch, so that the arc light The protection unit is connected with the test unit; (3), the test unit controls the simulated fault current and simulated light intensity applied to the arc protection unit, and tests the action performance of the arc protection unit under the action of light and current of a given intensity; ( 4) The test unit automatically records the test results of the arc protection unit under various conditions, and judges whether the arc protection unit is operating normally.
本发明电弧光保护单元在线测试方法的原理：当电力系统正常运行时，利用转换开关临时切断电弧光保护单元和电力系统的电气连接，并使电弧光保护单元与测试单元连接。由测试单元控制作用在弧光传感器上的光强度和施加在电弧光保护单元上的模拟故障电流的大小，模拟构造电力系统故障条件下的弧光和电流变化过程，测试在不同故障条件下电弧光保护单元的动作时间，测试单元自动判断电弧光保护单元运行是否正常，并记录所有测试数据。The principle of the on-line testing method for the arc protection unit of the present invention is as follows: when the power system is in normal operation, the electrical connection between the arc protection unit and the power system is temporarily cut off by a transfer switch, and the arc protection unit is connected to the test unit. The light intensity acting on the arc sensor and the magnitude of the simulated fault current applied to the arc protection unit are controlled by the test unit to simulate the arc and current change process under the fault condition of the structural power system, and to test the arc protection under different fault conditions The operating time of the unit, the test unit automatically judges whether the arc protection unit is operating normally, and records all test data.
采用本发明的技术方案，具有以下特点：Adopt technical scheme of the present invention, have following characteristics:
1、保护测试在线进行，不需要中断电力系统的正常运行。由于本发明将模拟光源固定在开关设备内部，不需要打开开关设备，当电弧光保护单元与电力系统的电气连接切换到测试单元上，不需要停止正常的电力运行系统，在固定安装在设备内部的可控模拟光源的配合下，通过测试单元控制施加的模拟光强度，以及施加到电弧光保护单元上的模拟故障电流，模拟构造电力系统的故障特征，从而对电弧光保护单元的动作性能进行检测。本发明的测试方法具有不干扰电力系统正常运行，测试结果准确、操作简便、安全的优点。1. The protection test is carried out online without interrupting the normal operation of the power system. Since the present invention fixes the simulated light source inside the switchgear, there is no need to open the switchgear. When the electrical connection between the arc protection unit and the power system is switched to the test unit, there is no need to stop the normal power operation system, and it is fixedly installed inside the device. With the cooperation of the controllable analog light source, the simulated light intensity applied by the test unit and the simulated fault current applied to the arc protection unit are simulated to simulate the fault characteristics of the structural power system, so as to test the operation performance of the arc protection unit. detection. The test method of the invention has the advantages of no interference with the normal operation of the power system, accurate test results, simple and convenient operation and safety.
2、精确控制测试条件。本发明的测试方法是通过测试单元来调节光强度和模拟故障电流的大小，模拟的故障条件和测试结果都较准确，对动作时间的测试精度可控制在0.1ms内，模拟故障电流的精度小于0.5％，模拟光强度的绝对误差小于200LUX。2. Precisely control the test conditions. The test method of the present invention adjusts the light intensity and the size of the simulated fault current through the test unit, the simulated fault conditions and test results are more accurate, the test accuracy of the action time can be controlled within 0.1ms, and the accuracy of the simulated fault current is less than 0.5%, the absolute error of simulated light intensity is less than 200LUX.
3、提高保护系统的安全性。由于本发明能在线进行检测，防止因开关设备长时间运行过程中环境污染、温度波动以及元件性能变化等因素的影响，能及早发现电弧光保护单元的缺陷，确保整个电弧光保护单元持久安全、可靠地运行。3. Improve the security of the protection system. Since the present invention can detect on-line, it can prevent the influence of factors such as environmental pollution, temperature fluctuation, and component performance changes during the long-term operation of the switchgear, and can detect the defects of the arc protection unit early, ensuring the lasting safety of the entire arc protection unit. operate reliably.
4、配置灵活，适应性强。本发明模拟光源的布置方式灵活，可根据开关设备的具体结构灵活选择光源的安装位置和安装方式。因此能应用到各种安装电弧光保护系统的中低压开关设备内，也可用于已投运的各种开关柜及母线保护系统的升级改造工程中。4. Flexible configuration and strong adaptability. The arrangement mode of the simulated light source in the present invention is flexible, and the installation position and the installation mode of the light source can be flexibly selected according to the specific structure of the switchgear. Therefore, it can be applied to various medium and low-voltage switchgears equipped with arc protection systems, and can also be used in the upgrading and reconstruction projects of various switch cabinets and busbar protection systems that have been put into operation.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图对本发明的实施例作进行的详细描述。Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
图1是本发明的电弧光保护系统的测试流程图。Fig. 1 is a test flow chart of the arc protection system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明的电弧光保护单元在线测试方法如下：(1)、首先在开关设备内部安装弧光传感器，弧光传感器的安装位置能接收到开关设备出现故障时所产生的电弧光，在弧光传感器的周围固定光强度可调的模拟光源，通过弧光传感器的位置，来确定模拟光源的安装位置和安装方式，模拟光源发出的光能被弧光传感器有效地接受收，模拟光源安装牢固，避免电力设备运行和正常使用过程中强烈的冲击和振动作用。此外本发明的模拟光源可选择高亮度卤素灯等发光强度较大的灯，光源的发光强度必需达到8000LUX以上。(2)、在电力系统正常运行的条件下，通过转换开关临时解除电弧光保护单元与电力系统的电气连接，使电弧光保护单元与测试单元连接，以避免构造的模拟故障条件影响电力系统的正常运行。本发明可通过两工位的转换开关来实现，该转换开关的一个工作位置是电弧光保护单元的电流输入和输出与电力运行系统连接，转换开关的另一个工作位置是电弧光保护单元的电流输入和输出与测试单元连接，当对电弧光保护单元进行测试时，将转换开关转换到与测试单元连接的工作位置上即可。(3)、在确认测试单元与电弧光保护单元连接正确后，测试单元施加故障模拟电流，同时施加模拟光源的输入电流以改变模拟光源的发光强度，构造电弧光保护单元动作需要的光和电流条件，测试单元对施加的模拟光强度和模拟故障电流大小能进行连续调节，也可对所施加的模拟光强度和模拟故障电流大小能进行离散调节，使测试单元控制施加到电弧光保护单元上的模拟故障电流和模拟光强度，来测试电弧光保护单元在给定强度的光和电流作用下的动作性能。(4)、在施加模拟故障电流和模拟故障光强度的同时，测试单元自动测量电弧光保护单元动作的时间和电弧光保护单元输出信号的状态，来判断电弧光保护单元运行是否正常。The online testing method of the arc protection unit of the present invention is as follows: (1), at first install the arc sensor inside the switchgear, the installation position of the arc sensor can receive the arc light produced when the switchgear breaks down, and fix it around the arc sensor The analog light source with adjustable light intensity determines the installation position and installation method of the analog light source through the position of the arc sensor. The light emitted by the analog light source can be effectively received by the arc sensor. The analog light source is installed firmly to prevent the power equipment from running normally. Strong shock and vibration during use. In addition, the simulated light source of the present invention can choose a lamp with higher luminous intensity such as a high-brightness halogen lamp, and the luminous intensity of the light source must reach more than 8000 LUX. (2) Under the condition of normal operation of the power system, the electrical connection between the arc protection unit and the power system is temporarily released through the transfer switch, so that the arc protection unit is connected to the test unit, so as to avoid the simulated fault condition of the structure from affecting the power system. normal operation. The present invention can be realized by a two-position changeover switch. One working position of the changeover switch is that the current input and output of the arc protection unit are connected to the power operation system, and the other work position of the changeover switch is the current flow of the arc protection unit. The input and output are connected with the test unit, and when the arc protection unit is tested, the transfer switch can be switched to the working position connected with the test unit. (3) After confirming that the test unit and the arc protection unit are connected correctly, the test unit applies a fault simulation current, and at the same time applies the input current of the simulation light source to change the luminous intensity of the simulation light source, and constructs the light and current required for the operation of the arc protection unit conditions, the test unit can continuously adjust the applied simulated light intensity and simulated fault current, and can also discretely adjust the applied simulated light intensity and simulated fault current, so that the test unit can be controlled by the arc protection unit The simulated fault current and simulated light intensity are used to test the action performance of the arc protection unit under the given intensity of light and current. (4) While applying the simulated fault current and simulated fault light intensity, the test unit automatically measures the action time of the arc protection unit and the state of the output signal of the arc protection unit to judge whether the arc protection unit is operating normally.
本发明为了使模拟光源布置方式能够保证模拟光源所产生的光能到达弧光传感器的光敏感部分，光源可采用多种布置方式。可将模拟光源布置在弧光传感器光感应面的正前方向，此时光源功率较大，光源与弧光传感器的距离较远；也可将模拟光源与弧光传感器同侧安装，使模拟光源沿铅垂方向布置在弧光传感器的周边；还可将模拟光源与弧光传感器同侧安装，而模拟光源与弧光传感器成30°～60°夹角，此布置方式对弧光传感器的感光区域干涉较少，易保证模拟光源能正常到达传感器表面。本发明上述的弧光传感器还可采用光纤传感器或透镜式传感器。In order to make the layout of the analog light source ensure that the light energy generated by the simulated light source reaches the light-sensitive part of the arc sensor, the light source can be arranged in various ways. The simulated light source can be arranged in the front direction of the light sensing surface of the arc sensor. At this time, the power of the light source is relatively large, and the distance between the light source and the arc sensor is relatively long; The direction is arranged around the arc sensor; the analog light source and the arc sensor can also be installed on the same side, and the analog light source and the arc sensor form an angle of 30° to 60°. This arrangement has less interference with the photosensitive area of the arc sensor and is easy to ensure The simulated light source can normally reach the sensor surface. The above-mentioned arc light sensor of the present invention can also adopt an optical fiber sensor or a lens sensor.
本发明首次对电弧光保护单元进行测试或对模拟光源的安装位置进行调节后，如图1所示，需对安装在开关设备内模拟光源的光强度进行标定，然后在测试单元内录入电弧光保护单元的基本参数，其中包括电弧光保护单元的型号、安装位置、工作电流、工作电压以及使用单位等，录入电弧光保护单元的基本参数后，设置试验所需的光强度和电流，切断电弧光保护单元与电力运行系统间的全部电气连接，将电弧光保护单元与测试单元连接，连接完成并确认无误后启动测试，测试单元自动进行测试并记录测试结果。当需要重复测试时，可设置新的试验电流和光强度条件，继续进行新的测试。After the present invention tests the arc light protection unit or adjusts the installation position of the simulated light source for the first time, as shown in Figure 1, it is necessary to calibrate the light intensity of the simulated light source installed in the switchgear, and then record the arc light in the test unit The basic parameters of the protection unit, including the model of the arc protection unit, installation location, working current, working voltage and unit of use, etc. After entering the basic parameters of the arc protection unit, set the light intensity and current required for the test, and cut off the arc All electrical connections between the light protection unit and the power operation system, connect the arc protection unit to the test unit, start the test after the connection is completed and confirmed to be correct, the test unit automatically performs the test and records the test results. When the test needs to be repeated, new test current and light intensity conditions can be set to continue the new test.
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101752846B (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2011-12-14 | 郭鸿 | Arc short-circuit protection device and control method |
| CN103098393A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2013-05-08 | 株式会社藤仓 | Data transmittance device, data transmittance method, and data transmittance device control program |
| CN103733457A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2014-04-16 | 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 | Adaptive light detection for arc mitigation systems |
| CN104198867A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-10 | 山东中瑞电气有限公司 | Testing method and testing equipment for arc protection device |
| CN104237674A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-24 | 安徽罗伯特科技股份有限公司 | Portable arc light protecting calibration device |
| CN104332833A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-04 | 成都华瑞祥电器成套设备有限公司 | Electrical control high-tension switch cabinet |
| CN105259441A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏省电力公司淮安供电公司 | Detection apparatus and method for switchgear primary equipment arc light warning and protection device |
| CN110618337A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-27 | 云南恒协科技有限公司 | Arc light protection device calibrator |
| CN113991615A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-28 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 | Critical arc light phase-locking judgment method and device |
| CN115632379A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-20 | 安徽得润电气技术有限公司 | Multi-way detection arc light protection system for vcs isolating switch box |
| CN119029798A (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2024-11-26 | 安徽虹科电力科技有限公司 | Arc protection device |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101752846B (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2011-12-14 | 郭鸿 | Arc short-circuit protection device and control method |
| CN103098393A (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2013-05-08 | 株式会社藤仓 | Data transmittance device, data transmittance method, and data transmittance device control program |
| CN103098393B (en) * | 2010-09-10 | 2014-03-12 | 株式会社藤仓 | Data transmittance device and data transmittance method |
| CN103733457A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2014-04-16 | 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 | Adaptive light detection for arc mitigation systems |
| CN103733457B (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2017-08-18 | 施耐德电气美国股份有限公司 | Mitigate the adaptive optical detection of system for electric arc |
| CN104237674B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2017-08-29 | 安徽罗伯特科技股份有限公司 | A kind of portable electric arc protection caliberating device |
| CN104237674A (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2014-12-24 | 安徽罗伯特科技股份有限公司 | Portable arc light protecting calibration device |
| CN104198867B (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2016-09-07 | 山东中瑞电气有限公司 | Detection Apparatus and method for for arc light protecting device |
| CN104198867A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2014-12-10 | 山东中瑞电气有限公司 | Testing method and testing equipment for arc protection device |
| CN104332833A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-02-04 | 成都华瑞祥电器成套设备有限公司 | Electrical control high-tension switch cabinet |
| CN105259441A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-01-20 | 江苏省电力公司淮安供电公司 | Detection apparatus and method for switchgear primary equipment arc light warning and protection device |
| CN110618337A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2019-12-27 | 云南恒协科技有限公司 | Arc light protection device calibrator |
| CN113991615A (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2022-01-28 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 | Critical arc light phase-locking judgment method and device |
| CN113991615B (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2024-04-26 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司无锡供电分公司 | A critical arc light phase-locking judgment method and device |
| CN115632379A (en) * | 2022-11-09 | 2023-01-20 | 安徽得润电气技术有限公司 | Multi-way detection arc light protection system for vcs isolating switch box |
| CN119029798A (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2024-11-26 | 安徽虹科电力科技有限公司 | Arc protection device |
| CN119029798B (en) * | 2024-09-05 | 2025-02-07 | 安徽虹科电力科技有限公司 | Arc protection device |
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