CN101000408A - Total internal reflection prism - Google Patents
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- CN101000408A CN101000408A CN 200610037697 CN200610037697A CN101000408A CN 101000408 A CN101000408 A CN 101000408A CN 200610037697 CN200610037697 CN 200610037697 CN 200610037697 A CN200610037697 A CN 200610037697A CN 101000408 A CN101000408 A CN 101000408A
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- prism
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- internal reflection
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 48
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- 230000003760 hair shine Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
A full internal reflection prism consists of slope unit for transmitting or fully reflecting light according to light incoming critical angle, the first surface for outgoing the first illumination light passed slope unit and for incoming the second illumination light regulated by reflection plate onto slope unit, and the second surface for outgoing the second illumination light being fully reflected by slope unit onto imaging system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical system of using the reflection-type element to make, particularly a kind of in the same space total internal reflection (the TIR:Total Internal Reflection) prism of separated light.
Background technology
Be generally used for device-spatial light modulator (spatial light modulator) that luminous energy (optical energy) projects in the screen be can be applicable to numerous areas such as optical communication, image processing and information display device.In general, this device can be divided into according to the method that luminous energy is presented in the screen: direct viewing type image display (direct-view image displaydevice) and projection type video display device (projection-type image displaydevice).
For example, cathode-ray tube (CRT) (CRT:Cathode Ray Tube) is exactly the direct viewing type image display, and this cathode ray tube device is known as Braun tube, though image quality is good, problem is that its weight and volume becomes big.
In addition, for example liquid crystal indicator (Liquid Crystal Display:LCD), deformable reflection unit (DMD:Deformable Mirror Device), AMA (ActuatedMirror Array) are exactly the projection type video display device, and this projection type video display device can also be divided into according to their optical characteristics: transmissive spatial light modulator (transmissivespatial light modulators) and reflective spatial light modulator (Reflective SpatialLight Modulators).
For example, LCD can be categorized as the transmissive spatial light modulator, and DMD and AMA can be categorized as reflective spatial light modulator.
In addition, existing liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) optical projection system is utilized polarizing beam splitter (polarizingbeam splitter), filters out the light of black state.Utilize the optical projection system that DMD makes because what utilize is micro-reflector, institute thinks and obtains contrast effect, uses total internal reflection (TIR).
The prior art of optical system of using above-mentioned total internal reflection is from United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 969, many patented claims such as No. 730, No. the 5th, 552,922, United States Patent (USP), No. the 5th, 604,624, United States Patent (USP), No. the 5th, 309,188, United States Patent (USP).
United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 969, No. 730 formation are that the medium that is used for seeing through/reflecting has mutually different refractive index.It can minimizing expense expenditure when using identical material as the trend of seeking low price recently.
But, when on the optical path road, using prism wedge, such problem can occur: symmetrical structure is destroyed, and optical path difference (Optical Path Difference) change causes tilting (tilt) and aberration to produce, and axially symmetry (rotational symmetric) is destroyed.
Simultaneously, United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 552, No. 922 to United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 969, improve for No. 730, the principal plane (principal plane) of the total plane of display screen (common plane) and lens is limited to the structure of parallel (parallel), and recent development trend is that the configuration according to optical system also can become 90 degree.
United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 604,624 design feature is made up of by two a pair of (pairs) that close two sides forms, and it is the discrete patented claim of coming out of No. the 5th, 552,922, above-mentioned United States Patent (USP).The equipment that this patent is used can make no light can't arrive at the lens end, by appending an a pair of prism again, just can solve the problem that above-mentioned United States Patent (USP) exists for the 4th, 969, No. 730.But above-mentioned formation is an obsolete unnecessary formation in the design at present, and this is because the optical system of design is by not making no light enter lens design by prism at present.
United States Patent (USP) the 5th, 309, No. 188 structure is made up of right-angle prism and prism wedge, be respectively arranged with right angle value and projection lens on 2 of right-angle prism, but have the prism of formation like this, so can't or see through light in the same space internal reflection with prism with arbitrary refractive index because the inclined-plane becomes 45 degree.
Summary of the invention
The present invention for addressing the above problem, only changes the total internal reflection prism of the direction of incident and outgoing with regard to implementation space control and low price but purpose is to be provided at the total reflection that utilizes optical system in the same space exactly.
Do not possess the different medium of prism even second purpose of the present invention is to provide, can not break symmetrical structure yet, and can solve and aberration generation and axial symmetrical this total internal reflection prism of ruined problem.
The 3rd purpose of the present invention is to provide lens and panel is not parallel and can improve reflection of light reaches the total internal reflection prism that sees through efficient.
Even the 4th purpose of the present invention the 45 degree inclined-planes that the light that provides light source to send incides prism is provided also can and sees through light in the same space internal reflection, to improve reflection of light and to see through the total internal reflection prism of efficient.
Total internal reflection prism of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises following three parts: see through or the inclined plane part of total reflection by the incident critical angle of the illumination light that is formed by light source; Outgoing shines on the external reflection profile plate by the 1st illumination light of above-mentioned inclined plane part, simultaneously incides the 1st of above-mentioned inclined plane part adjust the 2nd illumination light that catoptrical direction or light intensity reflect by above-mentioned reflection-type panel; The 2nd illumination light of carrying out total reflection at above-mentioned inclined plane part is shone the 2nd of imaging system.
At this moment, above-mentioned inclined plane part preferably: the incident critical angle of the 1st and the 2nd illumination light sees through less than 41.25 degree, carries out total reflection greater than 41.25.
And the refractive index of the above-mentioned total internal reflection prism value between 1.51 to 1.52 preferably.
In addition, the critical angle incided on the reflection-type panel of the 1st illumination light by above-mentioned inclined plane part is preferably 24 degree to 26 degree.
For achieving the above object, another characteristics of total internal reflection prism of the present invention are made up of following four parts: receive the illumination light that is formed by light source, adjust the 1st prism that optical path difference is carried out outgoing; After above-mentioned the 1st prism outgoing, see through or the inclined plane part of total reflection according to the critical angle of the illumination light by air layer; Outgoing has seen through the 1st illumination light of above-mentioned inclined plane part, shines on the external reflection profile plate, incides the 1st of above-mentioned inclined plane part adjust the 2nd illumination light that catoptrical direction or light intensity reflect by above-mentioned reflection-type panel simultaneously; The 2nd illumination light of carrying out total reflection at above-mentioned inclined plane part is shone the 2nd of imaging system, form this 2nd prism of the 2nd.
At this moment, above-mentioned the 1st prism and the 2nd prism preferably are made of the identical material of refractive index.
And, incide the illumination light of above-mentioned the 1st prism or via become the illuminator of regulation angle tilt or optical system lens to carry out incident with the vertical angle of optical axis, the illumination light that perhaps incides above-mentioned the 1st prism is carried out incident via illuminator that becomes predetermined distance to move up and down with optical axis or optical system lens.
Other purpose, characteristic and the advantage of this invention just can come into plain view by the embodiment explanation with reference to accompanying drawing.
In sum, use all illuminations and the efficient raising of imaging system and the cheap effect of this invention total internal reflection prism.
The 1st, in the same space, utilize the total reflection of optical system can change the direction of incident and outgoing, and then can make control of total internal reflection prism implementation space and low price.
The 2nd, use the prism of making by a medium, symmetrical structure is not broken, and can be solved the problem that inclination and aberration generation and axial symmetry are broken.
The 3rd, also can improve reflection of light and see through efficient even lens and panel are not parallel.
The 4th, even the light of light source incides 45 degree inclined-planes of prism, also can or see through light, thereby improve reflection of light and see through efficient in the same space internal reflection.
The 5th, be presented at image in the screen not via air layer by projection lens, thereby can prevent to cause keystone distortion (keystone) because of the tolerance of air layer.
The 6th, the illumination light that can prevent to incide on the reflection-type panel by a part of lens of adjusting illuminator or illuminator produces distortion, thereby can prevent the problem that optical efficiency is low.
The 7th, be applicable to all illuminations and the imaging system of using total internal reflection, can play efficient and improve and cheap effect.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the 1st embodiment that the present invention reflects the total internal reflection prism principle.
Fig. 2 is that the refractive index of common two materials reaches the critical angle synoptic diagram of the light of reflection in view of the above.
Fig. 3 is the 2nd embodiment that the present invention reflects the total internal reflection prism principle.
Fig. 4 is the 3rd embodiment that the present invention reflects the total internal reflection prism principle.
Fig. 5 a is an illumination light image synoptic diagram to Fig. 5 c.
Fig. 6 a, 6b are that the present invention is from the illuminator of light source outgoing and the variation synoptic diagram of optical system lens.
* accompanying drawing major part symbol description *
10: the 1st 20 of total internal reflection prism: the inclined plane part of total internal reflection prism
30: the 2nd 40 of total internal reflection prism: the reflection-type panel
50a, 50b: the illumination light 60a of incident, 60b: the illumination light of reflection
70: air layer 80: projection lens
90: right-angle prism 100: prism wedge
110: illuminator or optical system 120: the illumination light of loss
Embodiment
Embodiment to total internal reflection prism of the present invention describes with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the 1st embodiment that the present invention reflects the total internal reflection prism principle.This moment, employed total internal reflection prism was a right-angle prism.
As shown in Figure 1, the illumination light 50a oblique incidence that is formed by lamp light sources such as (not shown) reflects to the inclined plane part 20 of total internal reflection prism, and the illumination light of this refraction shines the 1st 10 of total internal reflection prism 90 once more and reflects.Then, the illumination light 50b of this outgoing will shine on the reflection-type panel 40.
At this moment, above-mentioned reflection-type panel 40 will reflect according to the catoptrical direction or the light intensity of signal of video signal adjustment irradiation.
And, the illumination light 60b that reflects on above-mentioned reflection-type panel 40 incides the 1st 10 of total internal reflection prism once more and reflects, the illumination light 60b of this refraction carries out total reflection on the inclined plane part 20 of total internal reflection prism, this throw light 60a that has carried out total reflection the 2nd 30 by total internal reflection prism shines on the projection lens 80.
At this moment, the inclined plane part 20 of above-mentioned total internal reflection prism sees through and reflection simultaneously, and the incident angle control that it presses incident light and emergent light sees through and total reflection.
That is, the principle such as the mathematical expression 1 that see through and reflect of total internal reflection prism.
At this moment, α
0Decide the refractive index n of this two material as shown in Figure 2 according to the refractive index of two materials
1, n
2Possesses n
1＞n
2Condition.
For example, n
1Be meant air, work as n
2Material when being BK7, n
1=1.51680, n
2=1.0, critical angle α
0=41.25 °.And, then carry out total reflection with the light of the angle incident of facing firing angle greater than this with light transmission less than the angle incident of this critical angle.
Utilize it can realize such control: incide on the reflection-type panel 40 by the inclined plane part 20 of total internal reflection prism from the illumination light 50a of light source outgoing, the reflection ray 60b of reflection carries out total reflection at the inclined plane part 20 of total internal reflection prism on above-mentioned reflection-type panel 40.
Therefore, when seeing through, make the incident critical angle α that forms with right-angle prism by adjustment
0Less than 41.25 degree.During total reflection, make the incident critical angle α that forms with right-angle prism by adjustment
0Greater than 41.25 degree.
At this moment, such as embodiments of the invention, its employed total internal reflection prism is the right-angle prism made from the DMD material of TI company, in this case, the gradient on prism inclined-plane is 45 degree, must by adjustment make from the illumination light 50a of light source incident with the angle incident of inclined plane part ± 12 degree.
Therefore, for the illumination light 50a that makes incident sees through at inclined plane part 20,, must make inclined plane part 20 and the critical angle of illumination light 50a be up to 24 degree by adjustment to 26 degree to incident ray 50a; To the reflection ray 60b in 40 reflections of reflection-type panel, in order to carry out total reflection on inclined plane part 20, must make the illumination light 60b of reflection and the critical angle minimum of inclined plane part 20 by adjustment is more than 41.25 degree.
In addition, when like this adjusting critical angle, the material of above-mentioned employed total internal reflection prism 90 must be 1.51 to 1.52 to make with the material of interior value by having refractive index.
Fig. 3 is the 2nd embodiment that the present invention reflects the total internal reflection prism principle, and at this moment employed total internal reflection prism is a prism wedge 100.
As shown in Figure 3, above-mentioned total internal reflection prism is the structure that is made of 2 prism 100a, 100b, is the illumination light maintenance symmetry that shines on the reflection-type panel 40 in order to make, and is and adjusts optical path difference use prism wedge.
At this moment, though can constitute above-mentioned total internal reflection prism with the different material of refractive index (right-angle prism and prism wedge) for adjusting optical path difference, make and consideration in price and be to use identical material but the present invention is based on, these two prism 100a, 100b air layer of appending certain intervals is essential in addition.
But, as mentioned above, when using prism wedge 100, can produce keystone distortion (keystone) because of the air layer 70 that is arranged between above-mentioned two prism 100a, the 100b for adjusting optical path difference.
From existing patent, its structure can make the illumination light that incides the reflection-type panel from light source not by air layer but realize total reflection at the inclined plane part of the 1st prism.And the illumination light that reflects on above-mentioned reflection-type panel will shine the imaging system end by the 1st prism, air layer, the 2nd prism.Therefore, the image that is presented in the screen by projection lens produces keystone distortion because of the tolerance of air layer.
That is, Fig. 5 a is initial incident end image synoptic diagram.When illumination light incident, its image is positive tetragonal but not trapezoidal, if this image can produce keystone distortion because of the tolerance of air layer so, thereby the trapezoidal image as Fig. 5 b is presented in the screen by air layer.
The present invention is for addressing the above problem, make the illumination light that incides reflection-type panel 40 successively by the 1st prism 100b, air layer the 70, the 2nd prism 100a by setting, make the illumination light that on above-mentioned reflection-type panel 40, reflects to form not finish total reflection at the inclined plane part of the 2nd prism 100a, shine imaging system then by this air layer.
Because the image that is presented in the screen (not shown) by above-mentioned projection lens 80 does not pass through air layer 70, so can prevent to cause keystone distortion because of the tolerance of this air layer, therefore need not to be provided for its extra means of revisal, can produce the total internal reflection prism of low price like this.
But, produce keystone distortion though can contain the image that is presented in the screen by above-mentioned projection lens 80 in this case, but successively by the 1st prism 100b, air layer the 70, the 2nd prism 100a, the illumination light 50 that incides above-mentioned reflection-type panel 40 is because by this air layer 70, so the image that forms on this reflection-type panel 40 will produce keystone distortion.
At this moment, the image that forms on above-mentioned reflection-type panel 40 shines because of the keystone distortion of generation as Fig. 5 b forms trapezoidal image, and the part 120 of this trapezoidal image will be shone the zone 120 beyond the reflection-type panel.
And the illumination light that only shines on the above-mentioned reflection panel 40 reflects, and the reflection ray 60 that only aligns tetragonal form carries out total reflection by the 2nd prism 100a, is presented at then in the screen, and therefore the image that is presented in the screen can be eliminated distortion fully.
But, in this case, because of illumination light is lost on above-mentioned reflection-type panel, so it is extremely low to be presented at the optical efficiency of the image in the screen.
Fig. 4 is exactly the embodiment that addresses this problem.
Fig. 4 is the 3rd embodiment that the present invention reflects total internal reflection prism.
Describe below with reference to Fig. 4.As shown in Figure 3, the prism wedge structure has further shown illuminator and optical system lens 110, in this case, because of usually on optical axis illuminator or optical system lens and total internal reflection prism be provided with consistent, so here no longer be elaborated.
By adjusting above-mentioned said lighting system or the optical system lens that are arranged on the optical axis of total internal reflection prism upper end, can solve and shown in Figure 3 cause keystone distortion because of optical path difference, make the illumination light distortion of inciding reflection-type panel 40, thereby cause the low problem of optical efficiency.
That is, make at least more than one (the present invention refers to illuminator or optical system) inclination or off-axis in illuminator or the optical system lens 110, thereby the illumination light that can prevent to incide on the reflection-type panel 40 causes distortion because of keystone distortion by adjustment.
Be elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawings.Make the illuminator and the optical system lens 110 that are positioned at from the axle of the light of light source outgoing shown in Fig. 6 a, be not orthogonal to optical axis by adjustment, form predetermined angular θ, incide the illumination light of above-mentioned the 1st prism with change, compensate the anamorphic image that shines on the reflection-type panel 40.
And, shown in Fig. 6 b, make the illuminator and the optical system lens axle center that are positioned at from the axle of the light of light source outgoing have predetermined distance r by adjustment, incide the illumination light of above-mentioned the 1st prism, compensate the askew image that shines on the reflection-type panel 40 with change.
At this moment, predetermined angular θ and predetermined distance r with said lighting system and the formation of optical system lens 110 optical axises, along with the kind of optical system lens 100 and reflection-type panel 40 is different and very big variation is arranged, therefore be difficult to limit this numerical value, but can utilize the simple mathematical formula and calculate numerical value easily and adjust accordingly.
As mentioned above, can prevent that by adjusting illuminator or optical system lens 110 illumination light from causing damage on reflection-type panel 40, and then it is low to prevent to be presented at the optical efficiency of the image in the screen.
By the content of above explanation, the related work personnel can carry out various changes and modification fully in not breaking away from the technological thought scope of this invention.
Therefore, the content that the technical scope of this invention is not limited on the embodiment to be put down in writing, and must decide according to patent claim.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of total internal reflection prism is characterized in that, comprises following three parts:
See through or the inclined plane part of total reflection by the incident critical angle of the illumination light that forms by light source;
Outgoing shines on the external reflection profile plate by the 1st illumination light of described inclined plane part, simultaneously incides the 1st of described inclined plane part adjust the 2nd illumination light that catoptrical direction or light intensity reflect by the reflection-type panel;
The 2nd illumination light of carrying out total reflection at described inclined plane part is shone the 2nd of imaging system.
2, total internal reflection prism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described inclined plane part is: the incident critical angle of the 1st and the 2nd illumination light sees through less than 41.25 degree, carries out total reflection greater than 41.25.
3, total internal reflection prism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the refractive index of described total internal reflection prism is the value between 1.51 to 1.52.
4, total internal reflection prism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the critical angle that the 1st illumination light by described inclined plane part incides on the reflection-type panel is that 24 degree are to 26 degree.
5, total internal reflection prism according to claim 1 is characterized in that described total internal reflection prism is a right-angle prism.
6, a kind of total internal reflection prism is characterized in that, is made up of following four parts:
The illumination light that reception is formed by light source is adjusted the 1st prism that optical path difference is carried out outgoing;
After described the 1st prism outgoing, see through or the inclined plane part of total reflection according to the critical angle of the illumination light by air layer;
Outgoing has seen through the 1st illumination light of described inclined plane part, shines on the external reflection profile plate, incides the 1st of described inclined plane part adjust the 2nd illumination light that catoptrical direction or light intensity reflect by described reflection-type panel simultaneously;
The 2nd illumination light of carrying out total reflection at described inclined plane part is shone the 2nd of imaging system, form this 2nd prism of the 2nd.
7, total internal reflection prism as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described the 1st prism and the 2nd prism are made of the identical material of refractive index.
8, total internal reflection prism as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the illumination light that incides described the 1st prism is via become the illuminator of regulation angle tilt or optical system lens to carry out incident with the vertical angle of optical axis.
9, total internal reflection prism as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the illumination light that incides described the 1st prism is carried out incident via illuminator that becomes certain distance to move up and down with optical axis or optical system lens.
10, total internal reflection prism as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, described total internal reflection prism is a prism wedge.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610037697 CN101000408A (en) | 2006-01-10 | 2006-01-10 | Total internal reflection prism |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610037697 CN101000408A (en) | 2006-01-10 | 2006-01-10 | Total internal reflection prism |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101000408A true CN101000408A (en) | 2007-07-18 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN 200610037697 Pending CN101000408A (en) | 2006-01-10 | 2006-01-10 | Total internal reflection prism |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102375621A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-14 | 意法半导体(R&D)有限公司 | Optical navigation device |
| CN110244506A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-17 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Wedge-shaped laser projection light exchange device |
| CN110849888A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-28 | 泉州师范学院 | Illumination compensation device and method for simultaneous detection of double-sided defects in semiconductor die |
| CN113917717A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A Reflective Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator Coupling Device Using Right Angle Prism Groups |
-
2006
- 2006-01-10 CN CN 200610037697 patent/CN101000408A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102375621A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2012-03-14 | 意法半导体(R&D)有限公司 | Optical navigation device |
| US9170684B2 (en) | 2010-08-23 | 2015-10-27 | Stmicroelectronics (Research & Development) Limited | Optical navigation device |
| CN102375621B (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2016-01-13 | 意法半导体(R&D)有限公司 | Optical navigation device |
| CN110244506A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-09-17 | 四川长虹电器股份有限公司 | Wedge-shaped laser projection light exchange device |
| CN110849888A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-02-28 | 泉州师范学院 | Illumination compensation device and method for simultaneous detection of double-sided defects in semiconductor die |
| CN113917717A (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-01-11 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A Reflective Liquid Crystal Spatial Light Modulator Coupling Device Using Right Angle Prism Groups |
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