CN101000227A - Precision automatic calibrating instrument of portable three-coordinate measuring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The portable three-coordinate measuring machine precision automatic verification instrument is characterized in that the structural setting includes: a ball strake, at least three standard balls with the same diameter are positioned on the ball strake to equidistant ball sockets arranged in the shape of "one" A one-dimensional ball column is formed inside; a linear guide rail with adjustable spatial position, a guide rail slider is fixed at the bottom of the ball strake plate, and the ball strake plate slides and cooperates with the linear guide rail through the guide rail slider; a fixed linear guide rail is on the measuring machine to be calibrated on the platform, and locate the guide rail support of the spatial position of the linear guide rail on the platform of the measuring machine to be calibrated, and the linear guide rail is arranged on the guide rail support. The invention can realize the reliable, convenient, fast and low-cost calibration of the three-coordinate measuring machine, and creates conditions for further popularization and application of the three-coordinate measuring machine.

Description

Precision automatic calibrating instrument of portable three-coordinate measuring machine

Technical field

The present invention relates to examine and determine instrument, the precision verification instrument of the three coordinate measuring machine of more specifically saying so.

Background technology

Modern mechanical manufacturing and processing industry forward are more accurate, change fast and automatically develops with high efficiency direction, three coordinate measuring machine just should this demand and a kind of large-scale precision intelligence instrument of being born, can be widely used in machine-building, scientific instrument manufacturing, electronics industry, auto industry and all departments such as space flight and national defense industry.But present poor efficiency, check three coordinate measuring machine scaling method complicated, of a high price have but limited applying of it to a certain extent, and especially the utilization in numerous medium-sized and small enterprises more is affected.

At present, correction for three coordinate measuring machine roughly is divided into dual mode: a kind of is to finish correction work with the tested project in the high precision instrument measurement update rules, and institute's use instrument generally includes two-frequency laser interferometer, automatic photoelectric collimator, inductance amesdial, try square, zero level leveling ruler etc.This mode is proofreaied and correct precision height as a result, the reliability height, but for surveying instrument, measurement personnel's technical requirement is higher, correction work wastes time and energy, for most coordinate measuring machine user, instrument and equipment that is used to proofread and correct and correction are costly, another kind is to use standard to carry out the correction work of coordinate measuring machine, by being corrected the three coordinate measuring engine measurement standard, as precision gauge block, step gage, the pommel rod, ball plate or ball awl wait finishes correction work, this method is easy, fast, comparatively be fit to the general user, but its correction work itself and do not meet the standard of international standard ISO10360-2, and the standard manufacturing requires height, in order to ensure the reliability of proofreading and correct the result, also must regularly or irregularly implement to identify check to standard.

The common issue with of above-mentioned dual mode is that correction work is complicated and inconvenient, the apparatus expensive that rectifies an instrument, proofread and correct correction expense height with high costs, and the existence of these problems has greatly limited the popularization and the use of three coordinate measuring machine.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is for avoiding above-mentioned existing in prior technology weak point, a kind of precision automatic calibrating instrument of portable three-coordinate measuring machine is provided, realize reliable, convenient, fast, the low-cost correction of three coordinate measuring machine, for further applying of three coordinate measuring machine creates conditions.

The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention is adopted is:

Design feature of the present invention is to be provided with in its structure to comprise:

One ball strake is positioned to be on the ball strake the interior formation of the equally spaced ball-and-socket one dimension spherical column that " one " word is arranged by at least three identical standard ball of diameter;

The line slideway that one locus is adjustable fixedly installs the guide rail slide block in the bottom of described ball strake, and described ball strake is slidingly matched by guide rail slide block and line slideway;

One fixedly line slideway is on by school measuring machine platform, and the location line slideway is by the guide rail bearing of the locus on the measuring machine platform of school, and line slideway is arranged on the guide rail bearing.

Design feature of the present invention also is:

Guide rail bearing is single column bearing, have and be fixedly installed on by the base on the measuring machine platform of school, be single column and be fixedly installed on axle sleeve on the base, suit horizontal axis of rotation in the axle sleeve, horizontal axis of rotation and axle sleeve are slidingly matched in the axial direction, the top of horizontal axis of rotation is by falling hinger supporting guide support, between rail brackets and the horizontal axis of rotation vertical revolution location-plate is set; Rail brackets is fixedly supported on the bottom of line slideway.

Be arranged in parallel by the leading screw of driven by servomotor with line slideway, feed screw nut is fixedlyed connected with the ball strake by web joint.

Standard ball has six.

Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is embodied in:

1, the present invention for the calibrating of three coordinate measuring machine be in accurately recording the ball row arbitrarily a pair of adjacent standard ball centre of sphere apart from deviation and under with its condition as standard volume, compare and measure by the symmetry combination, and by principle of least square processing measured value, just can get the error of tested three coordinate measuring machine spatial point, method is easy to be reliable.

2, the present invention can come the drive ball strake by using high-precision leading screw and servomotor, and by computer-controlled servo motor, slide block is moved according to the certain standard spacing, realizes automatic measurement.

3, the present invention makes line slideway obtain adjusting on the diverse location in space by guide rail bearing, by measuring the site error in the three coordinate measuring engine measurement spatial dimension, and, can obtain 21 errors of three coordinate measuring machine geometry thus again by general data resolving method.

4, the present invention only need utilize general high-acruracy survey utensils such as existing standard gauge block, before calibrating, arbitrarily a pair of adjacent standard ball centre of sphere distance is detected demarcation in real time, if conditions being possessed also can utilize laser interferometer etc. to demarcate, can obtain the standard volume of ball strake.Therefore the present invention does not require the long-time stability of calibrating installation, does not need standard testing unit that device is carried out periodic calibrating yet.

5, cost of the present invention is low, calibration range is big, and is light and handy, is easy to carry.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 compares and measures synoptic diagram for the combination of the present invention's symmetry.

Fig. 3 for the standard centre of sphere in the measuring process of the present invention apart from calibration principle figure.

Number in the figure: 1 ball strake, 2 line slideways, 3 rail bracketses, 4 bases, 5 standard ball, 6 servomotors, 7 leading screws, 8 horizontal axis of rotations, 9 axle sleeves, 10 vertical revolution location-plates, 11 ball-and-sockets, 12 guide rail slide blocks, 13 falling hingers, 14 feed screw nuts, 15 web joints, 16 laser instruments, 17 reference mirrors, 18 target mirrors, 19 inductance amesdials.

Below, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is further described by embodiment:

Embodiment

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the structure setting of present embodiment comprises:

One ball strake 1 is positioned to be on the ball strake 1 the equally spaced ball-and-socket 11 interior formation one dimension spherical columns that " one " word is arranged by at least three identical standard ball 5 of diameter;

The line slideway 2 that one locus is adjustable fixedly installs guide rail slide block 12 in the bottom of ball strake 1, and ball strake 1 is slidingly matched by guide rail slide block 12 and line slideway 2;

One fixedly line slideway is on by school measuring machine platform, and location line slideway 2 is by the guide rail bearing of the locus on the measuring machine platform of school, and line slideway 2 is arranged on the guide rail bearing.

Fig. 1, shown in Figure 2, in concrete the enforcement, guide rail bearing is single column bearing, have and be fixedly installed on by the base 4 on the measuring machine platform of school, be single column and be fixedly installed on axle sleeve 9 on the base 4, suit horizontal axis of rotation 8 in the axle sleeve 9, horizontal axis of rotation 8 is slidingly matched in the axial direction with axle sleeve 9, the top of horizontal axis of rotation 8 is by falling hinger 13 supporting guide supports 3, between rail brackets 3 and the horizontal axis of rotation 8 vertical revolution location-plate 10 is set, the orientation angle that vertically turns round location-plate 10 can reach 90 degree; Rail brackets 3 is fixedly supported on the bottom of line slideway 2.

In order to implement automatic control, with the leading screw 7 that line slideway 2 be arranged in parallel and driven by servomotor 6, feed screw nut 14 is fixedlyed connected with ball strake 1 by web joint 15.

In the present embodiment, standard ball 5 has six, is a word and equidistantly arranges on ball strake 1, six standard ball 5 constitute the sphere gap of five adjacent standard ball, this sphere gap is set to 20mm, needs one of them normal pitch as standard volume, so that obtain other high-acruracy surveys result.

For obtaining normal pitch, can adopt existing method shown in Figure 4 to demarcate, comprise recording the high precision normal pitch between arbitrary adjacent two standard ball by equipments such as utilizing laser instrument 16, reference mirror 17, target mirror 18 and inductance amesdial 19.In the actual calibrating, also can use the combination metering device of compositions such as standard gauge block and high precision inductance amesdial to demarcate.

Ball strake 1 is to be driven by leading screw 7 by servomotor 6 to move freely along line slideway 2, and little driving bearing accuracy is 1 μ m.Measuring process shown in Figure 3 can realize one dimension spherical column symmetry contact combination precision verification.On this basis, 360 degree revolutions, horizontal axis of rotation 8 moving up and down in axle sleeve 9 by horizontal axis of rotation 8, and vertically turn round location-plate 10 and make the 90 degree rotations of ball strake 1 in vertical plane, make line slideway 2 on the locus, obtain different adjustment, by measuring the site error in the three coordinate measuring engine measurement spatial dimension, and, can obtain 21 errors of three coordinate measuring machine geometry thus again by general data resolving method.

Whole measuring process can realize control automatically by the process control servomotor that sets in advance by computing machine, realizes the robotization of whole measuring process.

Referring to Fig. 3, six total centre of sphere distances of standard ball are set are 100mm, ball strake 1 carries out traverse measurement according to step shown in Figure 3 on line slideway 2, the ball strake moves a centre of sphere distance at every turn, be 20mm, a measuring process moves five times, and the ball strake moves 100mm, and can record space length is the interior measuring error of scope of 500mm.

Measuring principle is as follows:

If a series of 20 points that spacing is 20mm that record are arranged on the tested straight line in the three coordinate measuring engine measurement space, these measured values all have error, make l ₀, l ₁... .., l ₂₀Be respectively each point to starting point 0 point measurement value L _0iRelative actual value L _iModified value, i.e. L _i=L _0i+ l _i(i=1,2 ... 20).Ball has listed six balls, makes λ ₀, λ ₁... λ ₅Be respectively the centre of sphere 1 ', 2 ', 3 ', 4 ', 5 ' (25 * j) modified value then has L to nominal value with the centre of sphere 0 ' corresponding spacing _j=L _0j+ λ _j(j=1,2 ...., 5).

List also solving equation according to the measuring process and the principle of least square, can obtain following formula:

$l_{\mathrm{1,1}}={\mathrm{\λ}}_1+\frac{1}{6}({-3a}_{11}-a_{12}-a_{13}-a_{14}+a_{22}+a_{23}+a_{24}-a_{31}-a_{41}-a_{51})$

$l_{\mathrm{1,2}}={2\mathrm{\λ}}_1+\frac{1}{48}({-24a}_{11}-{13a}_{12}-{7a}_{13}-{4a}_{14}-{27a}_{21}+a_{22}-{2a}_{23}+{4a}_{24}$

$-{10a}_{31}+{9a}_{32}+{9a}_{33}-{19a}_{41}+{3a}_{42}-{16a}_{51})$

$l_{\mathrm{1,3}}={3\mathrm{\λ}}_1+\frac{1}{48}({-32a}_{11}-{3a}_{12}-{9a}_{13}-{4a}_{14}-{29a}_{21}-{9a}_{22}+{2a}_{23}+{4a}_{24}$

$-{38a}_{31}-a_{32}+{7a}_{33}-{21a}_{41}+{13a}_{42}-{24a}_{51})$

$l_{\mathrm{1,4}}={4\mathrm{\λ}}_1+\frac{1}{6}({-5a}_{11}-{4a}_{14}-{5a}_{21}-a_{23}+a_{24}-{5a}_{31}-a_{32}+a_{33}-{6a}_{41}+a_{42}-{3a}_{51}$

L _1,5＝5λ ₁-a ₁₁-a ₂₁-a ₃₁-a ₄₁-a ₅₁

Wherein, a _IjBe l _Ij, λ _iFunction, be known quantity, by following formula as can be seen, as with λ ₁As standard volume, then other ball also can be tried to achieve apart from deviation.In like manner, also can obtain with λ respectively ₂, λ ₃, λ ₄, λ ₅Equation for known quantity.Further measurement result being carried out precision analysis in follow-up work gets final product.

Claims (4)

1. Portable three-coordinate measuring machine precision automatic calibration instrument, which is characterized in that the structural settings include: A ball strake (1), consisting of at least three standard balls (5) of the same diameter positioned in equidistant ball sockets (11) arranged in the shape of a "one" on the ball strake (1) to form a one-dimensional ball List; A linear guide rail (2) with an adjustable spatial position, a guide rail slider (12) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the ball strake (1), and the ball strake (1) passes through the guide rail slider (12) and the linear guide rail (2) sliding fit; One fixes the linear guide rail (2) on the platform of the measuring machine to be calibrated, and locates the guide rail support of the space position of the linear guide rail (2) on the platform of the measuring machine to be calibrated, and the linear guide rail (2) is arranged on the guide rail support. 2. The portable three-coordinate measuring machine precision automatic calibration instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide rail support is a single column support, and has a base (4) fixed on the platform of the measuring machine to be calibrated. The single column is fixedly arranged on the shaft sleeve (9) on the base (4), and the horizontal rotary shaft (8) is set inside the shaft sleeve (9), and the horizontal rotary shaft (8) and the shaft sleeve (9) slide and fit in the axial direction, The top of the horizontal rotary shaft (8) supports the rail bracket (3) through a horizontal hinge (13), and a vertical rotary positioning plate (10) is set between the rail bracket (3) and the horizontal rotary shaft (8); the rail bracket (3) Fixed support on the bottom of the linear guide (2). 3. The portable three-coordinate measuring machine precision automatic verification instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that a lead screw (7) driven by a servo motor (6) is arranged parallel to the linear guide rail (2), and the lead screw nut ( 14) It is fixedly connected with the ball strake (1) through the connecting plate (15). 4. The portable three-coordinate measuring machine precision automatic verification instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that there are six standard spheres (5).