CN101008323A - 带有冷却基座前缘的燃气轮机叶片和冷却基座前缘的方法 - Google Patents
带有冷却基座前缘的燃气轮机叶片和冷却基座前缘的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
- F01D5/08—Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
- F01D5/081—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades
- F01D5/082—Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades on the side of the rotor disc
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
- F01D5/14—Form or construction
- F01D5/18—Hollow blades, i.e. blades with cooling or heating channels or cavities; Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means on blades
- F01D5/187—Convection cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
- F05D2240/121—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes related to the leading edge of a stator vane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
- F05D2240/303—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor related to the leading edge of a rotor blade
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/80—Platforms for stationary or moving blades
- F05D2240/81—Cooled platforms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/202—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by film cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/205—Cooling fluid recirculation, i.e. after cooling one or more components is the cooling fluid recovered and used elsewhere for other purposes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
一种带有翼部(4)和根部(6)的涡轮机叶片(2),涡轮机叶片(2)在翼部和根部之间的分界处有基本平面基座(8),基座冷却配置包括沿基座前部延伸的凹腔(12,112),至少一个从冷却介质源(14,15,114)延伸到所述凹腔的入口孔(16,17,116),以及至少一个用于从所述凹腔排出冷却介质的出口(18,118)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涡轮机叶片的冷却,尤其是涉及位于叶片前缘处叶片基座区域的冷却。
背景技术
过去,一直在提高燃气轮机的点火温度以改善涡轮机的效率和输出。随着点火温度的提高,过去没有进行冷却的叶片基座暴露出诸如氧化、低循环疲劳和蠕变等问题。近来薄膜冷却得到更多应用,以帮助冷却基座,但是薄膜冷却一般局限于基座的尾部,在基座的尾部气体通道流已被充分地加速以降低静压到这样一种水平,在这种水平下有足够的供给压力使正向薄膜流动而不会有热气体掺和。基座前缘是一个没有足够压力利用薄膜冷却的区域,同时也是一个由于高温而存在疲劳的区域。
发明内容
本发明提供一种通过主动冷却叶片基座前缘的独特方法来解决上述问题,从而使叶片满足寿命需求的同时最小化对发动机性能的影响。通过直接导入冷却介质到沿基座前缘延伸的凹腔来提供主动冷却。从而,本发明可以体现在带有翼部和根部的涡轮机叶片上,涡轮机叶片在翼部和根部之间的分界处有基本平面基座,基座冷却配置包括沿基座前部延伸的凹腔,至少一个从冷却介质源延伸到所述凹腔的入口孔,以及至少一个从所述凹腔排出冷却介质的出口。
本发明也可以体现在冷却带有翼部和根部的涡轮机叶片的前缘的方法上,所述的翼部和从所述根部延伸出的基座相连,包括:形成沿着所述前缘延伸并且和所述前缘的至少一部分邻接的凹腔;冷却介质从冷却介质源流过至少一个入口流到所述凹腔;并且从所述凹腔通过所述至少一个出口排出冷却介质。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例中叶片的部分侧剖示意图;
图2是图1叶片的俯视图;
图3是根据本发明另一个实施例的叶片的部分侧剖示意图;
图4是图3叶片的俯视图。
部件列表
涡轮机叶片2 15 叶片冷却回路15
翼部4 通道或孔16,17
底部6 出口18
基座8 前凹腔112
基座前缘10 叶片柄穴114
前凹腔12 20 孔116
基座冷却回路14 薄膜孔118
具体实施方式
随着点火温度的提高,叶片基座前缘已经开始暴露出诸如氧化、低循环疲劳和蠕变等问题。没有足够的冷却压力比来薄膜冷却叶片基座前缘。因此,在本发明的一个实施例中,提供主动冷却来消除叶片基座前缘上的氧化、低循环疲劳和蠕变等问题。冷却介质流通过一个沿着叶片基座的前部浇铸的凹腔(cavity)、机加工的凹腔或钻的孔被送入。
作为实施例,图1和图2示出了带有翼部4和根部6的涡轮机叶片2,涡轮机叶片2在翼部和根部之间的分界处有基本平面基座8。冷却介质,例如冷却蒸汽,从叶片冷却回路(图示15)或基座冷却回路(图示14)提供给前凹腔12,前凹腔12在涡轮机基座前部被浇铸,机加工或钻而成。在图1-2所示的实施例中可以作为冷却介质源的冷却回路的例子包括在美国专利No.6,422,817,6,390,774和5,536,143中所公开的冷却回路,上述专利中公开的内容在这里被引入作为参考。如图所示,冷却液通过一个或多个通道或孔16或17提供给前凹腔,这些通道或孔连接前凹腔12与翼片蒸汽回路15或压力侧基座冷却回路14。在此实施例中,直接导向前凹腔12的高速蒸汽产生高的热传递和对流冷却。在通道16,17或凹腔12中可以用泵,紊流(在下文中通常指紊流机)来进一步提高对流冷却从而增强冷却。
在蒸汽已经对基座前缘10对流冷却之后,蒸汽通过至少一个出口排出。在图示实施例中,出口18设置在冷却凹腔12的每一个纵向末端的叶片切面上。排出的蒸汽撞击在相邻的叶片切面上,从而也冷却了相邻的叶片切面。然后冷却液蒸汽净化叶片间的间隙,从而降低了进入叶片之间的间隙中的热气路空气的量。由于蒸汽压力比气路压力大得多,因此用蒸气是可能的。
图3和图4所示的是本发明的另一个实施例。和图1和图2所示实施例一样,一个浇铸的凹腔、机加工的凹腔或钻的孔沿叶片基座8的前部10设置,从而限定了一个前凹腔112。在本实施例中,压缩机排出的空气通过一个或多个钻出的或以其他方式形成的孔116以从叶片柄穴(shank pocket)114延伸出来提供给前凹腔112。在这里被引入作为参考的美国专利No.6,431,833中公开向柄穴提供冷却空气。通过前凹腔112的高速空气产生高的热传递和对流冷却。如图1-2所示实施例,可以用紊流机加强对流冷却来进一步提高热传递。
在空气对基座前缘对流冷却之后,空气通过至少一个出口排出。出口设置在凹腔的纵向末端。另外或作为替换,出口可以包括通过基座延伸到翼部4的吸入侧的薄膜孔118,在薄膜孔118中气路静压低至足以驱动整个回路的流动。这些薄膜孔冷却基座8的前缘吸入侧部分。排出薄膜孔118的空气产生冷空气层,其进一步把基座8的吸入侧从热气路空气中隔离出来。基座气路还可涂有TBC(热障涂层),用以进一步减小热量流入基座。
结合认为是最实际和优选的实施方式对本发明进行描述之后,应该明白本发明并不局限于所公开的实施方式,相反,应该是覆盖多种落入附属权利要求书的精神和范围内的修改和等同替换。
Claims (10)
1、一种带有翼部(4)和根部(6)的涡轮机叶片(2),涡轮机叶片(2)在翼部和根部之间的分界处有基本平面基座(8),基座冷却配置包括一个沿基座前部延伸的凹腔(12,112),至少一个从冷却介质源(14,15,114)延伸到所述凹腔的入口孔(16,17,116),以及至少一个用于从所述凹腔排出冷却介质的出口(18,118)。
2、如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片,其中所述的凹腔(12,112)基本上与所述基座(8)的前缘(10)平行延伸。
3、如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片,其中所述的冷却介质包括蒸汽,并且冷却介质源包括穿过所述翼部和所述基座中之一的冷却回路(14,15)。
4、如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片,其中所述的冷却介质包括空气,并且冷却介质源包括一个限定在所述根部(6)中的凹腔(114)。
5、如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片,其中所述的至少一个出口包括限定在所述凹腔(12)的至少一个纵向末端的出口(18)。
6、如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片,其中所述出口被限定在基座的一个切面上,并且被引导撞击到相邻叶片的切面上,从而冷却相邻叶片的切面。
7、如权利要求1所述的涡轮机叶片,其中所述至少一个出口包括至少一个穿过所述基座的薄膜孔(118),薄膜孔把所述凹腔(112)与翼部(4)的吸入侧上的低静压区连通。
8、一种冷却带有翼部(4)和根部(6)的涡轮机叶片(2)的前缘的方法,所述的翼部和从所述根部延伸出的基座(8)相连,包括:
形成沿着所述前缘延伸并且和所述前缘的至少一部分邻接的凹腔(12,112);
冷却介质从冷却介质源(14,15,114)穿过至少一个入口孔(16,17,116)流到所述凹腔(12,112);以及
从所述凹腔通过所述至少一个出口(18,118)排出冷却介质。
9、如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述的出口是在翼部(4)的吸入侧上的薄膜冷却孔(118)。
10、如权利要求8所述的方法,其中所述至少一个出口包括位于所述凹腔(12)的纵向末端处的出口(18),所述的方法进一步包括把从所述凹腔排出的用过的冷却介质相对相邻的叶片基座引导,并采用所述用过的冷却介质净化相邻基座间的间隙。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/282704 | 2005-11-21 | ||
| US11/282,704 US7309212B2 (en) | 2005-11-21 | 2005-11-21 | Gas turbine bucket with cooled platform leading edge and method of cooling platform leading edge |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101008323A true CN101008323A (zh) | 2007-08-01 |
| CN101008323B CN101008323B (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
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| US (1) | US7309212B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1788192B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP5329033B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN101008323B (zh) |
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| CN102200031A (zh) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-09-28 | 通用电气公司 | 用于冷却叶片组件的设备 |
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| CN103089333A (zh) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | 通用电气公司 | 用于涡轮机系统的叶片组件 |
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| CN102200031A (zh) * | 2010-03-22 | 2011-09-28 | 通用电气公司 | 用于冷却叶片组件的设备 |
| CN102200031B (zh) * | 2010-03-22 | 2014-12-31 | 通用电气公司 | 用于冷却叶片组件的设备 |
| CN102200032A (zh) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-09-28 | 通用电气公司 | 具有蜿蜒冷却的平台的燃气涡轮机轮叶及相关方法 |
| CN102444429A (zh) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-05-09 | 通用电气公司 | 用于冷却涡轮转子叶片的平台区域的设备和方法 |
| CN102444429B (zh) * | 2010-09-30 | 2015-04-08 | 通用电气公司 | 用于冷却涡轮转子叶片的平台区域的设备和方法 |
| CN102953765A (zh) * | 2011-08-22 | 2013-03-06 | 通用电气公司 | 叶片组件处理设备和用于处理叶片组件的方法 |
| CN102953765B (zh) * | 2011-08-22 | 2016-04-27 | 通用电气公司 | 叶片组件处理设备和用于处理叶片组件的方法 |
| CN103089333A (zh) * | 2011-11-04 | 2013-05-08 | 通用电气公司 | 用于涡轮机系统的叶片组件 |
| CN104704202A (zh) * | 2012-10-05 | 2015-06-10 | 通用电气公司 | 涡轮机叶片组件的平台冷却 |
| CN105275504A (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-01-27 | 通用电气公司 | 用于冷却流的涡轮轮叶气室 |
| CN105275504B (zh) * | 2014-07-18 | 2019-03-19 | 通用电气公司 | 用于冷却流的涡轮轮叶气室 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5329033B2 (ja) | 2013-10-30 |
| CN101008323B (zh) | 2012-08-15 |
| EP1788192A3 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
| EP1788192B1 (en) | 2013-08-28 |
| US7309212B2 (en) | 2007-12-18 |
| EP1788192A2 (en) | 2007-05-23 |
| JP2007138942A (ja) | 2007-06-07 |
| US20070116574A1 (en) | 2007-05-24 |
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