CN100392664C - monitoring system - Google Patents
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- CN100392664C CN100392664C CNB988141477A CN98814147A CN100392664C CN 100392664 C CN100392664 C CN 100392664C CN B988141477 A CNB988141477 A CN B988141477A CN 98814147 A CN98814147 A CN 98814147A CN 100392664 C CN100392664 C CN 100392664C
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Abstract
一种图书馆监视系统,包括多个可借出的物品,每一物品都拥有一个安装在其上的射频识别设备,这一射频识别设备拥有一个唯一的识别码;一个处理器(1)连接于一个包含每一图书馆物品的位置的一个指示信息的数据库,并连接于一个借出位置(3)、一个所借出的物品的归还位置(2)以及所归还物品的分类位置(5);所借出物品的归还位置(2)包括一个容器(32、33),可以把所借出的物品(34)插入其中。这一容器(32、33)包括一个天线(10),这一天线检测其上安装有一个射频识别设备的图书馆物品(34)的插入。所借出物品的归还位置(2)响应一个图书馆物品(34)向容器(32、33)的插入、检测识别码,并把相应于所归还的图书馆物品(34)的识别码发送给处理器(1),处理器(1)响应所接收的识别码、更新与所归还的图书馆物品(34)相关的数据库中的信息,以表明所归还的图书馆物品(34)已归还于图书馆。
A library surveillance system comprising a plurality of loanable items, each item having a radio frequency identification device mounted thereon, the radio frequency identification device having a unique identification code; a processor (1) connected to In a database containing an indication of the location of each library item, and linked to a lending location (3), a return location (2) of loaned items, and a sorting location (5) of returned items ; The return location (2) for loaned items includes a container (32, 33) into which the loaned item (34) can be inserted. The container (32, 33) includes an antenna (10) that detects the insertion of a library item (34) on which a radio frequency identification device is mounted. The return location (2) of the loaned item responds to the insertion of a library item (34) into the container (32, 33), detects the identification code, and sends the identification code corresponding to the returned library item (34) to A processor (1), responsive to the received identification code, updates information in a database associated with the returned library item (34) to indicate that the returned library item (34) has been returned to library.
Description
本发明涉及一种监视系统,具体地说,涉及一种识别和监视图书馆物品例如书籍的位置的系统。The present invention relates to a monitoring system, and more particularly to a system for identifying and monitoring the location of library items, such as books.
现存的图书馆识别和追踪系统通常使用的是条形码系统与磁条的一个组合。其中,条形码系统可追踪一个被借出的物品的位置,磁条可做为一种防止把物品在未经授权的情况下从图书馆拿走的一个安全设备。这一传统系统的缺点是,当用户希望借阅一本书时,条形码系统要求把每本书逐一地打开,然后对条形码加以扫描。当把书加以归还时,需再次对书逐一加以扫描。另外,当把物品借出时对磁条的解激活以及当归还时对磁条的重新激活,均是所要求的额外的独立操作。Existing library identification and tracking systems typically use a combination of barcode systems and magnetic stripes. Among them, the bar code system can track the location of a loaned item, and the magnetic strip can be used as a security device to prevent unauthorized removal of items from the library. The disadvantage of this traditional system is that when a user wishes to borrow a book, the bar code system requires that each book be opened one by one and the bar code scanned. When the books are returned, the books need to be scanned one by one again. In addition, the deactivation of the magnetic strip when the item is checked out and the reactivation of the magnetic strip when it is returned are additional separate operations required.
由于这是一个需要大量劳动力的过程,因此许多图书馆已经开始使用投书箱。用户可以把所归还的书存放在一个指定的投书箱中,这一投书箱将周期性地被腾空。当对投书箱进行腾空时,对所归还的书进行扫描,而不是在归还时对书进行扫描。因此,这一过程有一个缺点:一本准备归还给图书馆并放入投书箱中的书,在对投书箱腾空以及对书进行扫描之前,图书馆系统并没有把该书记录为已实际归还。因此,当使用传统的系统时,在由图书馆所维护的记录系统中存在着不精确性,而且它不是对定位在图书馆馆所中的书籍的一个实时的反映。Since this is a labor-intensive process, many libraries have started using drop boxes. Users can deposit returned books in a designated drop box, which will be emptied periodically. When the drop box is emptied, the returned book is scanned, not when the book is returned. Thus, there is a drawback to this process: a book that is being returned to the library and placed in a drop box is not recorded by the library system as completed until the drop box is emptied and the book is scanned. actual return. Therefore, when using traditional systems, there are inaccuracies in the system of record maintained by the library, and it is not a real-time reflection of the books located in the library premises.
另外,一个用户仅可借阅一定数目的书。如果存放于一个投书箱中的书的数目等于那一数目,那么在存放于投书箱中的书已被扫描为已归还的之前,借阅者将不能再借阅更多的书。例如,把一个用户可以借阅的书的总数限定为4本。In addition, one user can only borrow a certain number of books. If the number of books deposited in a drop box is equal to that number, the borrower will not be able to borrow any more books until the books deposited in the drop box have been scanned as returned. For example, limit the total number of books that a user can borrow to four.
还存在着另外一个不足之处,即对书的分类必须在把书归还到正确的位置之前手工地加以进行。There is another disadvantage in that the sorting of the books must be done manually before the books are returned to their correct location.
根据本发明的第一个方面,一个图书馆监视系统包括多个可借出的物品,每一物品都拥有一个安装在其上的射频识别设备,这一射频识别设备拥有一个唯一的识别码;一个处理器,这一处理器连接于一个包含每一图书馆物品的位置的一个指示信息的数据库,并连接于一个所借出的物品的归还位置。其中所借出物品的归还位置包括一个容器,可以把所借出的物品插入其中。这一容器包括一个天线,这一天线检测一个其上安装有一个射频识别设备的图书馆物品的插入;所借出物品的归还位置响应一个图书馆物品向容器的插入来检测识别码,并把相应于所归还的图书馆物品的识别码发送给处理器,处理器响应所接收的识别码来更新与所归还的图书馆物品相关的数据库中的信息,以表明所归还的图书馆物品已归还于图书馆。According to a first aspect of the present invention, a library monitoring system includes a plurality of loanable items, each item having a radio frequency identification device mounted thereon, the radio frequency identification device having a unique identification code; A processor coupled to a database containing an indication of the location of each library item, and to a return location for checked items. Wherein the return location for the loaned item includes a container into which the loaned item may be inserted. The container includes an antenna that detects the insertion of a library item having a radio frequency identification device mounted thereon; the return location of the loaned item responds to the insertion of a library item into the container to detect the identification code and place the An identification code corresponding to the returned library item is sent to the processor, and the processor, in response to receiving the identification code, updates information in a database associated with the returned library item to indicate that the returned library item has been returned in the library.
本发明的一个优点是,由于拥有一个射频识别设备安装在可借出的图书馆中的物品上的图书馆系统,检测所借出的物品何时归还给图书馆是可能的,只要把物品放入一个指定的区域内。An advantage of the present invention is that, thanks to a library system having a radio frequency identification device installed on items in the library that can be lent, it is possible to detect when an item that has been lent is returned to the library, simply by placing the item in the into a designated area.
典型地,射频识别设备也可做为一种安全特性加以使用,以至于如果试图在未经授权的情况下把一个图书馆物品从图书馆或从图书馆内的一个区域中拿出,则这一情况可由处理器检测出,处理器将生成一个可以被看见或听见的警报信号。Typically, RFID devices are also used as a security feature so that if an unauthorized attempt is made to remove a library item from the library or from an area within the library, the A condition can be detected by the processor which will generate a visual or audible alarm signal.
较佳地,当归还位置检测到一个图书馆物品已插入到容器中时,归还位置也向处理器发送一个信号,以表示物品已归还到的那一位置。Preferably, when the return location detects that a library item has been inserted into the container, the return location also sends a signal to the processor indicating the location to which the item has been returned.
较佳地,该处理器还被连接至一归还物品分类位置。这样,图书馆系统可还包括一个位于归还位置和分类位置之间的一个传送机构。这一传送机构把所归还的物品从容器传送到分类位置。Preferably, the processor is also connected to a returned item sorting location. Thus, the library system may also include a transport mechanism between the return location and the sort location. This transport mechanism transports the returned items from the container to the sorting location.
较佳地,分类站包括一个射频识别设备阅读器,这一阅读器检测分类站中的一个准备加以分类的图书馆物品,并把一个相应于准备加以分类的物品的识别信号发送给处理器,响应这一信号,处理器在分类位置中的一个显示设备上显示分类信息,以使一个分类位置中的操作员能够识别图书馆物品所要归还的位置。Preferably, the sorting station includes a radio frequency identification device reader which detects a library item to be sorted in the sorting station and sends an identification signal corresponding to the item to be sorted to the processor, In response to this signal, the processor displays sort information on a display device in the sort location to enable an operator in a sort location to identify the location where the library item is to be returned.
另外,响应识别信号,处理器还可以向一个自动分类器发送一个信号,以指示自动分类器把图书馆物品分类到其准备归还的正确的位置。Additionally, in response to the identification signal, the processor may send a signal to an automated sorter instructing the automated sorter to sort the library item into its correct location for return.
较佳地,该处理器还被连接至一借出位置。这样,借出位置可包括一个射频识别设备阅读器,这一阅读器读取一个用户希望借出的一个图书馆物品上的射频识别设备,借出位置把与这一图书馆物品相关的识别信号和与借出者相关的识别信号发送给处理器,处理器用与这一图书馆物品和借出者相关的识别信息更新该数据库,以显示物品已被那一借出者借出。Preferably, the processor is also connected to a lending location. Thus, the lending location may include a radio frequency identification device reader that reads the radio frequency identification device on a library item that a user wishes to check out, and the lending location sends the identification signal associated with the library item to An identification signal associated with the lender is sent to the processor, which updates the database with identification information associated with the library item and the lender to show that the item has been checked out by that lender.
典型地,多个归还站可定位在不同的地理位置,这些位置可以在图书馆馆所之中或之外。Typically, multiple return stations may be located at different geographic locations, which may be on or off the library premises.
较佳地,存在多个借出系统且典型地,所有借出站定位在图书馆的馆所之中。Preferably, there are multiple lending systems and typically all lending stations are located within the library's premises.
根据本发明的第二方面,一种监视系统包括多个准备加以监视的物品,每一个要被加以监视的物品都拥有一个安装在其上的射频识别设备,这一识别设备拥有一个唯一的识别码;以及多个射频识别设备阅读器,这一阅读器定位在一个准备加以监视的一个区域内;一个处理器,连接于一个数据库,这一数据库含有对该区域内的每一物品的位置的一个指示信息;这一处理器还连接于每一射频识别设备阅读器,由此,射频识别设备阅读器执行一个扫描操作,以识别每一阅读器的附近的所有物品,并把每一所定位的物品的识别码发送给处理器,处理器响应从每一阅读器所接收的识别码,识别每一定位在该区域中的每一物品的位置,并相应地更新数据库。According to a second aspect of the present invention, a monitoring system includes a plurality of items to be monitored, each item to be monitored having a radio frequency identification device mounted thereon, the identification device having a unique identification code; and a plurality of radio frequency identification device readers positioned in an area to be monitored; a processor connected to a database containing information on the location of each item in the area An indication message; this processor is also connected to each RFID reader, whereby the RFID reader performs a scan operation to identify all items in the vicinity of each reader and locate each The identification codes of the items are sent to the processor which, in response to the identification codes received from each reader, identifies the location of each item located in the area and updates the database accordingly.
处理器指示射频识别设备阅读器周期性地执行一个扫描操作,以识别每一阅读器的附近的所有物品The processor instructs the RFID readers to periodically perform a scan operation to identify all items in the vicinity of each reader
较佳地,如果处理器检测出一个物品处在其正确位置之外的一个位置,则处理器可以向系统的操作员显示一条消息:一个物品处于不正确的位置。Preferably, if the processor detects that an item is in a position other than its correct position, the processor may display a message to an operator of the system that an item is in an incorrect position.
较佳地,数据库含有关于每一物品的信息,包括唯一的识别信息、该区域内物品的位置、以及物品的实际位置。Preferably, the database contains information about each item, including unique identification information, the location of the item within the area, and the actual location of the item.
较佳地,在本发明的第二个方面中,监视系统是一个图书馆监视系统,物品是图书馆中的物品。典型地,准备加以监视的区域是一个图书馆。Preferably, in the second aspect of the invention, the monitoring system is a library monitoring system and the items are items in a library. Typically, the area to be monitored is a library.
典型地,实际位置可以是图书馆中的一个位置(可以是也可以不是正确的位置)或图书馆之外的一个位置,例如,物品已由图书馆的一个用户借出的位置。Typically, the actual location may be a location in the library (which may or may not be the correct location) or a location outside the library, eg, a location where an item has been checked out by a user of the library.
现在将参照附图对与根据本发明的一个图书馆监视系统的例子加以描述。在这些附图中:An example of a library monitoring system according to the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In these drawings:
图1描述的是一个图书馆监视系统的概要图;What Fig. 1 described is the outline diagram of a library monitoring system;
图2是一个借出站的透视图,这一借出站与图1中所示的图书馆系统一起使用;Figure 2 is a perspective view of a lending station for use with the library system shown in Figure 1;
图3是归还站的一个概要图,这一归还站与图1中所示的图书馆系统一起使用;以及Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a return station for use with the library system shown in Figure 1; and
图4是一个分类站的透视图,这一分类站与图1中所示的图书馆系统一起使用;Figure 4 is a perspective view of a sorting station for use with the library system shown in Figure 1;
图1描述了一个图书馆系统,这一系统包括一个主计算机1,主计算机1连接于多个归还站(或投书箱)2、多个借出站3、两个柜台站4以及一个分类站5。另外,主计算机1还连接于一个局部服务器6和一个监控计算机7。Figure 1 depicts a library system that includes a host computer 1 connected to multiple return stations (or drop boxes) 2,
这一图书馆系统还包括一个传送器系统8。传送器系统8把图书馆物品,例如书、录像带、CD或盒式磁带,从归还站2传送到分类站5。每一归还站2、分类站5、借出站3以及柜台站4都连接于一个射频一个外壳20,并包括一个奔腾个人计算机(PC)21,PC2 1连接于一个虚拟显示器22和一个小键盘23。另外,天线10、阅读器9、小型打印机11以及条形码阅读器12也安装在外壳20中,并都连接于PentiumPC21。天线10定位在一个台面24上,台面24形成了外壳20的一个部分。This library system also includes a
图3所示的是归还站2的一个概要图。归还站2包括一台个人计算机(PC)30,PC30连接于阅读器9,阅读器9依次连接于天线10;以及一个连接于PC30的虚拟显示器31。天线10定位在一个滑道32中,当要把书34归还给图书馆的用户从书槽33的另一侧把书插入书槽33之后,书将通过这一滑道加以传送。传送器系统8定位在滑道32的底部,以至于书可通过这一滑道并到传送器系统8的表面上。接下来传送器系统8把所要归还的书传送到分类站5。Shown in FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the returning
图4中对分类站5进行了更详细的描述。分类站5包括一个虚拟显示器31和一台PC30。PC30连接于阅读器9,阅读器9连接于天线10。书通过传送器系统8到达分类站5,然后书34投入接收箱35。接下来由一个操作员36把书从接收箱中取走,并跨天线10传送,以允许阅读器9对定位在书34上的RFID进行扫描。PC接收来自阅读器9的有关被扫描的书的识别信息,并把这一识别信息传送到主计算机1。主计算机1确定被扫描的书34的正确位置,并点亮一个分类隔间上的灯36,以指示应该把书34归还到的图书馆的那一个区域。操作员36把书34放到可归还到的图书馆的正确区域的正确的分隔间。The
在使用过程中,用户可以通过把图书馆会员卡或身份卡插入条形码阅读器12,从图书馆借阅一本书34。对于多语言使用来说,借出站3可以结合一个多语言接口,这一接口允许一个用户选择他希望的借出站所使用的语言,以与他们在借出过程中进行通信。During use, a user may borrow a
在把图书馆会员卡或身份卡插入之后,借出站在屏幕上显示指令并在借出过程的正确的点,用户把书34放在表面24上的FRID天线10码阅读器12,从图书馆借阅一本书34。对于多语言使用来说,借出站3可以结合一个多语言接口,这一接口允许一个用户选择他希望的借出站所使用的语言,以与他们在借出过程中进行通信。After inserting the library membership card or identification card, the lending station displays instructions on the screen and at the correct point in the lending process, the user places the
在把图书馆会员卡或身份卡插入之后,借出站在屏幕上显示指令并在借出过程的正确的点,用户把书34放在表面24上的FRID天线10之上。当对每一本书进行扫描时,小型打印机11打印一份收据。PC21具有来自阅读器9的用于书34的识别信息和来自条形码阅读器12的借出者的识别信息,并把这些信息传送给主计算机1,以允许主计算机1更新一个数据库,以指示所借出的书目前已根据相应于借出者识别卡的借出者加以定位。当用户已完成了对他们所希望借出的所有书的扫描时,他们可以取走图书馆卡或识别卡,这激活了小型打印机上的一个切刀(未在图中加以显示),以切断收据,并把所借出的书的收据分发给用户。After inserting the library membership or identification card, the lending station displays instructions on the screen and at the correct point in the lending process, the user places the
另外,用户可以把书提交给柜台站之一,以当用户借出时,使一图书馆职员能够对书加以扫描。Alternatively, the user may present the book to one of the counter stations to enable a library staff member to scan the book when the user checks it out.
当某一用户希望归还书34时,该用户走到一个归还站2,通过书槽33把书34投下。然后书34在滑道32中的FRID天线10上通过沿其路径传送到传送器系统8。当书34在滑道32中的天线10上传送时,PC30从阅读器9读取书的识别码,并把识别信息传送到主计算机1上。然后,主计算机1更新它的数据库,以指示通过书槽33投下的书34目前已定位在图书馆中。When a certain user wishes to return a
另外,主计算机1可以把多个不同的位置分配给书34,以致于当书34进入书槽33时,可以在计算机数据库中把书登录为已被定位在归还站2。当在分类站对书34进行扫描时,计算机可以更新数据库,以指示书34已分类,并定位在一个分类隔间中。In addition, the host computer 1 can assign a number of different locations to the
另外,天线10和阅读器9可以在整个图书馆加以定位。主计算机1可以周期性地询问这些阅读器9,以确定那一具体阅读器9附近区域中的所有书34,并用在那一阅读器附近所检测到的书的位置更新数据库。这一过程拥有允许在一个虚拟实时基础上维持图书馆中所有书的位置的优点。Additionally, the
除了书以外,同样的图书馆系统也可用于任何能够从一个图书馆借出的其它物品,例如紧致磁盘、盒式磁带以及录像带等。The same library system can be used for anything other than books that can be checked out from a library, such as compact disks, cassettes, and videotapes.
另外,这一系统还拥有可以把归还站定位在图书馆本身之外且只要通过一条适当的通信链路把PC30连接于主计算机1)的优点。主计算机1可以确定书34已被归还在其中的投书箱的位置。把某些投书箱放置在图书馆之外且未通过一个传送器机构8与图书馆加以连接也是可能的,在这种情况下,可以对书手工加以收集,例如,通过一个投递车、一个信使或其他收集代理商把书归还到图书馆。In addition, this system has the advantage of being able to locate the return station outside the library itself and simply connect the
本发明的优点还在于:通过对基于FRID的系统的使用,在书的借出、归还以及分类期间不必地手工扫描每一本书。It is also an advantage of the present invention that, through the use of an RFID-based system, it is not necessary to manually scan each book during checkout, return and sorting of books.
另外,FRID标签也可用作一种安全设备,以最小化在未经授权的情况下把书从图书馆拿走的风险。典型地,当用户在借出站3借出一本书时,把这一安全特性去激活,并当把书归还到图书馆时,在归还站2或分类站5重新对其加以激活。这一安全特性可以通过使用FRID标签中的一个EEPROM中的一个存储单元加以实现。例如,一个RFID标签中的一个典型的EEPROM将拥有一个128位的存储单元。把大约75%的存储单元用于识别图书馆物品。例如,如果图书馆物品是一本书,则识别信息可以包括Dewey十进数字与/或国会图书馆(LibraryofCongress)分类和该书所属的图书馆分支的代码。分配其余内存位的一个位,以指示图书馆物品从图书馆的拿出是否已得到授权。因此,如果存储单元包括一个″0″,则表明从图书馆中拿出未得到授权。但如果存储单元包含有一个″1″,则表明从图书馆中拿出(例如,由一个授权借阅这本书的用户拿出)已经得到授权。因此,如果一个人试图把尚未正式借阅的书从图书馆中拿出,则在图书馆中的或在图书馆出口附近的一台扫描仪会检测到EEPROM的安全存储单元中的″0″,并触发一个警报。如果扫描仪在EEPROM的安全存储单元中检测到一个″1″,则系统知道书已正式被借阅,因此不响警报。In addition, RFID tags can also be used as a security device to minimize the risk of books being removed from the library without authorization. Typically, this security feature is deactivated when a user checks out a book at
这一特性按如下方式操作:当把一个物品借出时,借出站中的一个扫描仪3把一个″1″写到存储单元,当把书归还时,归还站2中的扫描仪把一个″0″写到这一存储单元,以重新激活这一安全特性。This feature operates as follows: when an item is checked out, a
能够安装在书34上的合适的RFID标签可为那些由MotorolaIndala公司所制造的标签,例如IT-52E型的小型磁盘标签或IT-54E型的高应力标签。适合与这一图书馆系统一起使用的合适的阅读器9包括MotorolaIndala公司的阅读器,例如IR-24E或IR-36E长距离阅读器、IR-50E通用阅读器或IR-12E紧致阅读器。Suitable RFID tags that can be mounted on the
另外,手提式阅读器,例如那些由MotorolaIndala公司制造的,例如IR-200EGeoTechnology阅读器和IR-2E焦点阅读器以及IR-100E便携式阅读器,可用于便携式应用,例如如果必要时对书进行手工扫描。Alternatively, hand-held readers, such as those manufactured by Motorola Indala, such as the IR-200EGeoTechnology Reader and IR-2E Focus Reader and the IR-100E Portable Reader, can be used for portable applications such as manual scanning of books if necessary .
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IL140036A0 (en) | 2002-02-10 |
WO1999064974A9 (en) | 2001-09-27 |
CA2334488A1 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
AU7794798A (en) | 1999-12-30 |
KR100460759B1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
CZ20004600A3 (en) | 2001-07-11 |
CN1307706A (en) | 2001-08-08 |
NO20006207D0 (en) | 2000-12-06 |
NO20006207L (en) | 2001-02-08 |
KR20010106123A (en) | 2001-11-29 |
ID29288A (en) | 2001-08-16 |
BR9815965A (en) | 2004-06-08 |
TW437194B (en) | 2001-05-28 |
WO1999064974A1 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
JP2002517865A (en) | 2002-06-18 |
CA2334488C (en) | 2005-05-03 |
EE200000736A (en) | 2002-06-17 |
AU754896B2 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
SK18642000A3 (en) | 2001-09-11 |
EP1084477A1 (en) | 2001-03-21 |
MY124672A (en) | 2006-06-30 |
NO320905B1 (en) | 2006-02-13 |
IL140036A (en) | 2006-06-11 |
WO1999064974A8 (en) | 2002-02-07 |
WO1999064974B1 (en) | 2000-02-10 |
RU2196355C2 (en) | 2003-01-10 |
CZ298902B6 (en) | 2008-03-05 |
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