CN1003681B

CN1003681B - Remote automatic centralized monitoring system

Info

Publication number: CN1003681B
Application number: CN87100353.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾云得; 马宝华; 李科杰
Original assignee: Beijing University of Technology
Current assignee: Beijing University of Technology
Priority date: 1987-01-23
Filing date: 1987-01-23
Publication date: 1989-03-22
Also published as: CN87100353A

Abstract

Remote automatic centralized monitoring system belongs to the field of monitoring system (G08B). The invention uses a microcomputer to respectively monitor and control a large group of on-site stations connected to the bus through multiple buses. The system is composed of microcomputer, communication line, field station extension, field station sensor and actuator, etc. The central station computer can not only collect the output signals of various sensors at various on-site stations such as military depots and banks at a certain distance, but also order various actuators such as cameras and electronic locks to operate according to prescribed procedures. The system has the advantages of fast response, large warning area, long transmission distance, high reliability, low cost, low false alarm rate, and low false alarm rate.

Description

Remote automatic centralized monitoring system

The invention belongs to the technical field of monitoring systems for inquiring substations in sequence by a central station, and the international classification number is G08B26/00 (TPC fourth edition).

The system consists of a central station main control computer, a plurality of field station groups and signal transmission equipment. The on-site station can be a warehouse, such as a military warehouse, a vault and the like, or a building, such as a museum, a bank and the like. The central station controller is a microcomputer, which is the core part of the whole system. It can collect the output signals of various on-off quantity and analog quantity sensors of every field station, and can command various actuating devices in every field station, such as camera, temp. and humidity regulator, electronic cipher lock, electric door and defense actuating mechanism, etc. to implement the goal of monitoring and controlling a group of field stations.

The invention relates to the technology of automatic controller, monitor device and alarm device. The international classification numbers are G05B11, G08C25, G08B (IPC fourth edition), respectively. The technology similar to the technology searched by the Chinese patent office library is approved by U.Supat 4361832 in 1982 at 11 month and 30 days, the patent name of the technology is 'automatic centralized monitoring system', the international patent classification numbers are G08B29/00 and H04M11/04 (third edition).

The various monitoring systems of the prior art (including U.S. Pat. No. 4,4361832) have the following obvious disadvantages.

1. Each signal line of the system can only accommodate 1 or a few, and at most 15 field station extensions. In order to increase the monitoring capacity of the system, the number of monitoring paths, i.e., signal lines, must be increased. For remote monitoring systems, increasing the number of paths increases the cost of the signal lines by a significant amount, sometimes even unacceptable. In addition, the number of paths that the system can increase is limited, so that the systems are useless in the situation of large monitoring capacity.

2. Generally, each site requires much information to be detected, but each site extension of the systems has few input signal channels, and a plurality of site extensions are required to complete the information detection task.

3. The central station controller adopts a working mode of itinerant detection for each sensor distributed in each site station. When the number of the sensors is large, the cycle detection period of the system is long, so that the reaction speed of the system to an abnormal event is reduced. For example, if the number of sensors is 1 ten thousand, the response time of the system to the field station abnormal event is 5 minutes, and if 10 ten thousand sensors, the response time is 50 minutes. This is clearly unacceptable. Here each input channel of the field station extension is occupied by only one detector.

4. Most of the existing monitoring systems are specially designed for a certain purpose, so that the universality of the system is not strong.

5. The existing monitoring systems are not equipped with effective control circuits for the actuators acting in real time and thus have poor damage resistance.

The invention aims to utilize a new design concept to enable a monitoring system to work in a brand new mode. Compared with the prior system: the system is low in cost, large in monitoring capacity, high in response speed to abnormal events, high in universality, and provided with an effective real-time acting execution mechanism, so that the defense capability of the system is improved.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim of the invention:

the central station controller is a microcomputer, and the central station computer respectively carries out multifunctional monitoring on a group of field stations hung on a bus through a multi-path bus. The system communication adopts a bus type communication structure and a counting frequency division type communication rule. Therefore, each bus led out from the central station can be connected with a large group of field station extensions (more than 256 ones) in an articulated manner, the communication contact time of the system can be shortened, the reaction speed of the system to field station events is improved, and the system cost is reduced.

Second, each site extension has up to several hundred signal input channels. Therefore, more information can be detected, and a plurality of cheap complementary detection modes with different working principles for controlling and detecting the same information by sensors can be adopted, so that the false alarm rate and the missing report rate of the system are greatly reduced.

And thirdly, the information sent by each sensor of the same site station firstly forms the main state of the site station through a local or gate voting circuit. When the monitoring system works, the central station circularly detects and stores main state signals of all the site stations, then analyzes the main state signals, and when the main state of some site stations is found to be abnormal, the central station sequentially performs service according to the service levels of the site stations to determine the nature of the abnormal event. And after all the services are finished, performing the next round of inspection cycle. The service level of the site is defined by the software of the microcomputer.

Fourth, the interpretation of the detector states at each site is defined by the microcomputer software, which allows the use of a variety of possible detectors at each site of the system, i.e. each site of the system is arbitrary in nature and can be a weapons library, a treasury, a museum, a hotel, etc.

And fifthly, each field station extension device of the system is provided with a defense actuating mechanism controller, so that the defense actuating mechanism can be effectively controlled in real time. The mechanism is under the dual control of a main sensor and a main control computer of the site station. When the auxiliary sensor of the site station detects that an abnormal event (theft, damage) is about to occur, the main control computer immediately releases three insurance (open circuit, short circuit and power supply open circuit) of the execution mechanism, so that the defense execution mechanism enters a standby state. At the moment, once the main sensor detects an abnormal event, the defense actuating mechanism acts immediately, and the defense effect is effectively achieved.

Since the system site can be equipped with a defense actuator, the system is divided into the following four operating states for safety.

1. And (4) safety state: the system in a safe state only plays a role in monitoring the field station. Typically, when a legitimate person enters a field station, the field station should be in a safe state. At this time, the defense actuator of the site station is in a safe state and never works.

2. A first-level warning state: the field station in the first-level warning state only has an alarm function and does not have a defense function.

3. And a second-level warning state, namely the situation that the site station is in the second-level warning state. This is a basic operating state from which the other operating states are derived.

4. And a third-level warning state: the very important field station should be in a three-level alert state. The characteristic is that when the system outdoor signal wire is destroyed, its defending executing mechanism is the same as before destruction, and it has defending function. The state of each field station can be defined by software.

Sixth, the monitoring system site station master status is formed by the address of the site station extension when the site station extension is addressed by the central station computer.

Seventh, the addressing signal sent by the computer can not only address but also monitor whether the communication line is unblocked. The address signal is connected to the first signal input channel of the field station extension set, and a line state signal for marking whether the communication line is smooth or not can be formed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:

firstly, the cost is not greatly increased under the conditions of large number of field stations, long distance, large number of detectors and complex types.

Secondly, the reaction speed of the system is high. The system can accommodate thousands of field station extensions, each of which can accommodate hundreds of sensors and react to field station anomalies in 2 seconds.

Thirdly, the system universality is strong. Because the meaning of the signal indicator light of the display station of the central station can be changed at will, and the system software is also easy to change, the system is suitable for various occasions.

And fourthly, the system has a strong defense function and has certain damage resistance.

And fifthly, defining the main state of the site station, the explanation of the state of each sensor, the working state of each site station, the service level and the service type by computer software.

The embodiments of the invention are illustrated by the accompanying drawings as follows:

the figure is a system block diagram. The system adopts a microcomputer 1 as a central station controller, the central station leads out four communication buses 3, 4, 5 and 6 through an interface circuit 2, each bus consists of a pair of twisted pairs or a pair of optical cables, each bus can be connected with 333 field station extensions 11, and each field station extension has 100 switching value signal input channels, 10 analog value signal input channels and dozens of switching value signal output channels.

The second figure is a block diagram of the site extension set 11. It is composed of a signal driver/receiver 12, an addresser 13, a circuit detector 14, an on-site sensor 15, an actuator controller 16, an actuator 17, and the like.

When the system starts to patrol, firstly, the computer 1 sends a clear synchronization signal to all the field station extensions 11 on the four-way bus through the interface circuit 2 and the signal drivers/

receivers

7, 8, 9 and 10. The computer then sends the first addressing burst to all field extension addressors 13 via the four-way bus. In this case, only the respective first field station extension on the four buses previously agreed by hardware is simultaneously selected, and then the four field station extensions, the roving detector 14, the master status signal, and the second addressing pulse are simultaneously read from the four buses and stored, and the four read master status signals are sent from the respective second field station extension on the four buses. A third and fourth addressing pulse … … is then sent until all field station extensions have been gated on and read for their master status signals. And analyzing the main state signals to judge whether an abnormal event occurs or not, if not, entering the next round of inspection cycle, otherwise, serving the field station with the abnormal event, wherein the service sequence is carried out according to the service level defined by software in advance.

Fig. three is a schematic block diagram of field station extension addresser 13, which is composed of reset circuit 20, counter/divider 19, decoder/latch 18, etc. The function is to decode the address from the central station, if the address is the address code of the field station extension, then order the electronic switch between the field station extension and the communication bus to open, and cut off the connection between other field station extensions and the bus. The addressing controller is designed based on the counting frequency divider, when the pulse count reaches a preset value, a gating output signal can be provided, and in the case of other values, no gating signal is output, so that the addressing controller has the advantages of reducing the response time of a system, improving the running time of the system and reducing the cost of the system.

Fig. four is a functional block diagram of the field station tour detector 14. When the gating pulse of the central station computer is in a low level, the output end R of the zero clearing circuit is in a high level, and the patrol detector forms an OR gate voting state through 10 2 input OR gates and 10 2 input NOR gates, wherein the voting state is the main state of the field station extension. When the system is in an OR gate voting state, if the signal output end has no signal, 100 switching value signal input channels K are illustrated. A K₉₉None of the channels has a signal input. Otherwise, at least one input channel has a signal input. In order to identify which channels have signal inputs, the microcomputer must send a prescribed strobe to the detector, bring the clear circuit output R low, allow the counter divider to count, and then send the strobe in sequence. The signal at the signal output terminal is read and stored every time an input channel is strobed, and the read signal is the signal of the input channel. Finally, for all output signalsAnd judging to know that the channel has signal input.

Fig. five is a functional block diagram of the automatic actuator 17. The automatic actuating mechanism is a device for eliminating abnormal phenomena or blocking the abnormal phenomena from continuing to occur when the abnormal phenomena occur in a site station. The actuating mechanism has the advantages of being real-time, safe and reliable. Only in this way, the occurrence and development of the abnormal phenomenon can be effectively prevented. It is known that the action process of a general execution device is as follows: the computer collects signals from the site station, analyzes and processes the signals, and sends out control commands to start the executing device when the existing abnormal phenomenon happens. This process also takes, to a small extent, seconds to tens of seconds. For thermostats, electronic locks, etc., this delay is insignificant, but is clearly unacceptable for actuators that are fire or theft resistant. To overcome this drawback, the present invention employs a unique design approach. As shown in the figure five, in order to ensure safety and no misoperation at ordinary times, the computer establishes three insurance of open circuit, short circuit and power supply circuit break for the execution mechanism 17 through the execution mechanism controller 16 to ensure the safety and the reliability of the system. The central station computer 1 determines whether or not to release the fuse based on the information transmitted from the auxiliary sensors in the field station sensors 15, and when the fuse of the actuator is released, the actuator is in a standby state under the control of only the main sensor of the field station sensors 15, and the actuator 17 is immediately and effectively operated when the main sensor is operated.

The invention has the following functions:

1. the system can alarm abnormal events such as intrusion, sneak-in, theft, man-made damage, fire, harmful gas and the like of an important area and the conditions such as self faults of the system, line disconnection faults and the like, any alarm signal can correctly indicate the specific position, type, alarm level, time and the like of an alarm source, and a printer can instantly print all the information as objective records.

2. The system can flexibly realize automatic or manual control of various execution devices of the field station. Such as an electronic random coded lock, a fire automatic fire extinguishing system, a defense attack system, a criminal characteristic record, communication equipment, service equipment and the like, and other auxiliary devices can be additionally arranged according to actual conditions.

3. Automatic inspection and display recording of temperature, humidity and other analog quantity parameters.

4. Automatic defense function: in order to prevent accidents from happening or continuing, the invention is not only provided with a scene acousto-optic alarm device for dispelling effect, but also provided with an automatic defense system for retarding effect.

If two or more areas have accidents in the monitoring range, the system firstly processes the areas with high warning level and then processes other accident areas in sequence according to the level, and the priority sequence can be flexibly realized through software.

Claims

1. The remote automatic centralized monitoring system consists of a central station host, field station extensions and communication lines, wherein each path of communication bus led out from the central station can be connected with a large group of field station extensions, and each field station extension consists of a signal driver/receiver (12), an addresser (13), a circuit detector (14), a field sensor (15) and an actuating mechanism controller (16) and an actuating mechanism (17). The addressing device (13) is composed of reset circuit (20), counter/frequency divider (19) and decoding/latch (18), the addressing pulse signal sent by central station computer is fed into the addressing device (13) by means of signal driving/receiving device (12)13) Counting and frequency dividing are carried out, the output signal of the counting frequency divider (19) is decoded/latched (18) to obtain an output signal, the signal opens a gate circuit of the circuit detector (14), so that an address pulse signal enters the input end of the circuit detector (14) and a first signal input channel (K)₀) The method is characterized in that: when the addressing pulse signal number is in low level, all signal input channels of the itinerant detector (14) are in logic 'OR' state to form a main state signal of the site station, when the addressing pulse signal number is in high level, the itinerant detector (14) is in counting frequency division state to form a line state signal for judging whether the communication line is smooth, the central station computer continuously and sequentially addresses each site station extension set, and respectively reads the main state signal and the line state signal during the low level and the high level of each addressing pulse, and then the computer analyzes the signals to judge whether the site station group has abnormal events.

2. The remote automatic centralized monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the central station computer sends roving detection signals to the input of the roving detector (14), sequentially gates each signal input channel and reads the signals of each channel to determine the type and nature of the abnormal event.

3. The remote automatic centralized monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the actuator controller (16) of the extension set of the field station controls three insurance of open circuit, short circuit and power supply to ensure the safety and reliability of the system, whether the insurance is relieved or not is determined by the central station computer according to the state signal of the auxiliary sensor of the field station, after the insurance of the actuator (17) is relieved, the actuator (17) is only controlled by the main sensor of the field station and is in a standby state, and once the main sensor acts, the actuator (17) acts effectively immediately.

4. The remote automatic centralized monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: when two or more field stations have abnormal events at the same time, the computer operates in sequence according to the service levels of the field stations, and the service levels of the field stations are defined by computer software.