CN109926834A - Turning, laser melting coating and mirror finish set composite - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a turning, laser cladding and mirror surface machining compound device, comprising: a lathe, a laser cladding component, a main control component, a three-jaw chuck, a tool rest feeding system, an automatic rotary tool rest, a turning tool and a Keneng tool, the laser cladding component includes: a three-axis motion mechanism, a laser head and a three-axis mounting frame, the main control component includes: a control box and a spindle motor, the control box controls the spindle motor to drive all the The three-jaw chuck drives the workpiece to rotate and the turning tool is used to turn the workpiece; the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the laser cladding component to turn the workpiece. Laser cladding; the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the Haoken tool to perform mirror machining on the workpiece.

Description

Turning, laser cladding and mirror machining compound device

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror surface processing.

Background technique

At present, the repair of shaft parts generally adopts traditional surface coating processes such as electroplating, electric welding and argon arc welding, but there are some defects in traditional surface coating technologies such as electroplating, electric welding and argon arc welding: First, the combination of coating and substrate It is not firm and the coating structure is loose; second, the heating and cooling rates are relatively slow; third, the thermal deformation and dilution rate of the substrate are relatively large; fourth, traditional surface coating technologies such as electroplating, electric welding and argon arc welding are relatively polluting to the environment. Large, so a new coating repair technology is needed to repair the surface of shaft parts.

In addition, before the repair of the coating, the surface of the shaft parts needs to be turned to make the surface of the shaft parts reach a certain clean state and prepare for the repair of the coating; after the repair of the coating, the cylindrical grinding process is also required. However, the traditional cylindrical grinding process not only causes the defect that the surface roughness of the shaft parts does not meet the requirements, but also the traditional cylindrical grinding process has low work efficiency.

Repairing shaft parts generally requires three processes: turning, coating repair and cylindrical grinding. The traditional process leads to multiple disassembly and clamping when repairing shaft parts, which has low work efficiency and high production cost, so it needs a A new type of equipment that integrates turning, coating repair and cylindrical grinding to improve the work efficiency of repairing shaft parts.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror processing, so as to solve the problem that the shaft parts need to be disassembled and clamped many times during the repairing process.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror processing, including: a lathe, a laser cladding component, a main control component, a three-jaw chuck, a tool rest feeding system, and an automatic rotary tool rest , turning tool and Haoke tool, the turning tool is installed on one end of the automatic rotary tool holder, the Haoke tool is installed on the other end of the automatic rotary tool holder away from the turning tool, the laser The cladding component, the main control component, the three-jaw chuck, the tool rest feeding system and the automatic rotary tool rest are all arranged on the lathe;

The laser cladding component includes: a three-axis motion mechanism, a laser head and a three-axis mounting frame, the three-axis mounting frame is mounted on the top of the lathe, and the three-axis motion mechanism is arranged on the three-axis mounting frame , the laser head is mounted on the three-axis motion mechanism, and the three-axis motion mechanism can drive the laser head to move correspondingly on the three-axis mounting frame;

The main control component includes: a control box and a spindle motor, and the control box is electrically connected with the spindle motor;

When the size of the workpiece is too large, the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the turning tool to turn the workpiece; when the size of the workpiece is too small or the surface of the workpiece is rough When the thickness does not meet the requirements, the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use some of the laser cladding components to perform laser cladding on the workpiece; When the requirements are met, the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the Haoken tool to perform mirror machining on the workpiece.

Optionally, in the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror processing, the laser cladding component further includes: an optical fiber suspension frame, the optical fiber suspension frame is an arched frame structure, and the optical fiber suspension frame is installed. on the triaxial mount.

Optionally, in the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, the laser cladding component further includes: a powder nozzle, a powder feeding pipeline, a laser generator and a powder container, the laser generator and the The powder container is arranged on the side of the turning, laser cladding and mirror processing composite device and is connected with the laser head, the nozzle is arranged on the side of the laser head and remains relatively stationary with the position of the laser head, and the powder The nozzle is connected with the powder feeding container through the powder feeding pipeline.

Optionally, in the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, the nozzle is coaxial with the laser head.

Optionally, in the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, the lathe includes: a headstock, a tailstock and a bed, the headstock is arranged at one end of the bed, and the tailstock It is arranged on the other end of the bed away from the head seat.

Optionally, in the composite turning, laser cladding and mirror machining device, the turning, laser cladding and mirror machining composite device further comprises: a headstock, the headstock and the main shaft motor are driven by a belt. Forms are connected, and the spindle box is arranged at the position of the head seat.

Optionally, in the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, the spindle box includes multiple sets of speed change gears, and each set of speed change gears meshes with each other and rotates to drive the rotation of the three-jaw chuck. .

Optionally, in the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, the control box and the spindle motor are both arranged at the position of the tailstock.

Optionally, in the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, the three-jaw chuck, the tool rest feeding system and the automatic rotary tool rest are arranged on the bed.

Optionally, in the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, the tool holder feeding system includes: a rail, a ball screw and a sliding table, the rail is arranged on the bed, the sliding The stage is mounted on the rail, the ball screw is arranged in the rail and is connected with the spindle motor, wherein the ball screw is parallel to the rail.

In summary, the present invention provides a composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, including: a lathe, a laser cladding component, a main control component, a three-jaw chuck, a tool rest feeding system, an automatic rotary tool rest, and a turning tool The laser cladding component includes: a three-axis motion mechanism, a laser head and a three-axis mounting frame, and the main control component includes: a control box and a spindle motor, and the control box controls the spindle motor to The three-jaw chuck is driven to drive the workpiece to rotate and the turning tool is used to turn the workpiece; the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the laser cladding component to turn the workpiece. The workpiece is subjected to laser cladding; the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the Haoken tool to perform mirror machining on the workpiece, the turning, laser cladding and mirror machining The composite device combines the three processes to work, which eliminates the multiple disassembly and clamping of the workpiece, which improves the work efficiency and reduces the production cost; The uniformity of the coating thickness formed by laser cladding is ensured, thereby ensuring the repair quality of the product.

Description of drawings

1 is a front view of a turning, laser cladding and mirror machining composite device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the rear view of the turning, laser cladding and mirror processing composite device provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an automatic rotary tool rest provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

in,

110-lathe, 120-laser cladding parts, 121-three-axis motion mechanism, 122-laser head, 123-fiber suspension frame, 125-three-axis mounting frame, 130-main control part, 131-spindle box, 132-control Box, 133-spindle motor, 140- three-jaw chuck, 150- tool post feed system, 160- automatic rotary tool post, 161- turning tool, 162- Haoken tool.

Detailed ways

The composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing proposed by the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and claims. It should be noted that, the accompanying drawings are all in a very simplified form and in inaccurate scales, and are only used to facilitate and clearly assist the purpose of explaining the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the structures shown in the drawings are often part of the actual structure. In particular, each drawing needs to show different emphases, and sometimes different scales are used.

At present, when the three processes of turning, coating repair and cylindrical grinding are completed, the shaft parts need to be disassembled and clamped many times. It affects the uniformity of the coating thickness of shaft parts and the quality of the repaired coating; in addition, multiple disassembly and clamping result in lower work efficiency and higher production costs. Therefore, a composite repair device is needed to complete the three processes of turning, coating repair and cylindrical grinding, so as to eliminate the influence of the axis deviation of shaft parts caused by multiple disassembly and clamping.

The present invention provides a composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing. Referring to FIGS. 1 , 2 and 3 It is a rear view of the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the automatic rotary tool holder provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The turning, laser cladding and mirror processing compound device includes: a lathe 110, a laser cladding component 120, a main control component 130, a three-jaw chuck 140, a tool rest feeding system 150, an automatic rotary tool rest 160, and a turning tool 161 And the Haoke tool 162, as shown in FIG. 3, the turning tool 161 is installed at one end of the automatic rotary tool holder 160, and the Haoke tool 162 is installed on the automatic rotary tool holder 160 away from the car The other end of the knife 161. The laser cladding component 120 , the main control component 130 , the three-jaw chuck 140 , the tool rest feeding system 150 and the automatic rotary tool rest 160 are all disposed on the lathe 110 . Further, the laser cladding component 120 includes: a three-axis motion mechanism 121 , a laser head 122 and a three-axis mounting frame 125 . The three-axis mounting frame 125 is connected to the lathe 110 and is installed on the top of the lathe 110 , the three-axis motion mechanism 121 is arranged on the three-axis mounting frame 125, the laser head 122 is mounted on the three-axis motion mechanism 121, and the three-axis motion mechanism 121 can drive the laser head 122 to move The three-axis mounting frame 125 moves accordingly.

In this embodiment, when the size of the workpiece is too large, the control box 132 controls the spindle motor 133 to drive the three-jaw chuck 140 to rotate the workpiece and utilize the The turning tool 161 turns the workpiece, and the turning can not only reduce the size of the workpiece according to the corresponding drawing, but also remove the rust coating on the surface of the workpiece. Further, when the size of the workpiece is too small or the surface roughness of the workpiece does not meet the requirements, the control box 132 can also control the spindle motor 133 to drive the three-jaw chuck 140 to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the laser. The cladding component 120 performs laser cladding on the workpiece, and the laser head 122 mainly plays a role in the laser cladding process. The coatings are sintered one by one to restore the workpiece to its original state. Further, when the surface roughness and size of the workpiece meet the requirements, the control box 132 can also control the spindle motor 133 to drive the three-jaw chuck 140 to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the automatic rotary tool holder 160 to rotate the workpiece. The Haoken tool 162 performs mirror processing on the workpiece, and the mirror processing is mainly to grind the surface of the workpiece to make the surface of the workpiece smooth and bright. The turning, laser cladding and mirror machining compound device combines the three processes to eliminate the multiple disassembly and clamping of the workpiece, which improves the work efficiency and reduces the production cost; at the same time, it avoids the multiple disassembly and The problem of axis deviation caused by clamping ensures the uniformity of the thickness of the coating formed by laser cladding, thereby ensuring the repair quality of the product.

Further, the main control component 130 includes: a control box 132 and a spindle motor 133 , and the control box 132 is electrically connected to the spindle motor 133 . The control box 132 is used to control the spindle motor 133 , and the spindle motor 133 can be used to drive the three-jaw chuck 140 to rotate.

Preferably, the laser cladding component 120 further includes: an optical fiber suspension frame 123, the optical fiber suspension frame 123 is an arched frame structure, the optical fiber suspension frame 123 is installed on the triaxial installation frame 125, the The triaxial motion mechanism 121 and the laser head 122 are arranged in the frame formed by the optical fiber suspension frame 123 and the triaxial mounting frame 125 . In this embodiment, the laser cladding component 120 further includes: an optical fiber and a laser generator, the laser generator and the laser head 122 are connected through the optical fiber, and the optical fiber can transmit the turning, laser melting The optical fiber hanger 123 is used to suspend the optical fiber and increase the laying area of the optical fiber, so that the laser head 122 can obtain a stable flow of laser light during laser cladding. .

Further, the laser cladding component 120 further includes: a powder nozzle, a powder feeding pipeline, a laser generator and a powder container (not shown), and the laser generator and the powder container are arranged in the turning, laser melting It is connected to the laser head 122 and is connected to the laser head 122. Generally, the laser generator is placed on the bearing surface (generally the ground by default) near the turning, laser cladding and mirror machining composite device. The nozzle is arranged on the side of the laser head and remains relatively stationary with the position of the laser head 122 , and the nozzle is coaxial with the laser head 122 . The powder nozzle is connected with the powder feeding container through the powder feeding pipeline.

In this embodiment, the lathe 110 includes: a headstock, a tailstock and a bed, the headstock is arranged at one end of the bed, and the tailstock is arranged at a position of the bed away from the headstock another side. Wherein, the three-jaw chuck 140 , the tool rest feeding system 150 and the automatic rotary tool rest 160 are arranged on the bed. The control box 132 and the spindle motor 133 are both disposed at the tailstock position. Further, the composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing further includes: a spindle box 131, the spindle box 131 is arranged at the position of the head seat, the spindle box 131 and the spindle motor 133 are driven by a belt. form connected.

Further, the main shaft box 131 includes multiple sets of speed-change gears, and each set of speed-change gears meshes with each other and rotates to drive the rotation of the three-jaw chuck 140 .

Preferably, the tool holder feeding system 150 includes: a rail, a ball screw and a sliding table, the rail is arranged on the bed, the sliding table is installed on the rail, and the ball screw is arranged on the bed The track is connected to the spindle motor 133, and the ball screw is parallel to the track.

The specific implementation of the turning, laser cladding and mirror processing composite device is as follows: the first step: placing the workpiece and adjusting the clamping position of the workpiece, first, placing the workpiece to be repaired or brand new to be processed on the lathe 110, One end of the workpiece is clamped into the three-jaw chuck 140 , the axial direction of the workpiece is parallel to the track of the tool post feeding system 150 on the lathe 110 , and the hydraulic thimble of the tailstock of the lathe 110 is moved. (not shown) hold the other end of the workpiece, and then use a dial indicator to detect and adjust the position of the workpiece until the clamping is correct; the second step: according to the size requirements of the workpiece on the corresponding drawings, turn the workpiece, First, the automatic rotary tool rest 160 and the tool rest feeding system 150 are controlled to slide along the track through the control box 132, that is, the turning tool 161 is controlled to move in the track along the radial direction of the workpiece accordingly, At the same time, the spindle motor 133 is activated through the control box 132 to drive the three-jaw chuck 140 to start rotating with the workpiece, the turning tool 161 turns the rotating workpiece, and finally, the control box 132 is closed when the turning is completed. The third step: laser cladding the workpiece. First, the control box 132 controls and adjusts the three-axis motion mechanism 121 to slide along the track, that is, adjust the position of the laser head 122 relative to the workpiece accordingly. Then, the spindle motor 133 is activated through the control box 132 to drive the three-jaw chuck 140 to drive the workpiece to rotate, so as to perform ultra-high-speed laser cladding. Among them, in the process of ultra-high-speed laser cladding, the laser melts the focused powder when it does not contact the surface of the workpiece, so that the powder is already in a molten state when it reaches the surface of the workpiece, so as to ensure the minimum heat input on the workpiece substrate and obtain extremely low dilution rate. In addition, the operator can repeat the third step according to the coating repair standard, and repeat the laser cladding processing on the workpiece; the fourth step: perform initial inspection on the size, roughness and other parameters of the workpiece after laser cladding. If the size of the workpiece is larger than the requirements of the drawings, return to the second step; if the size of the workpiece is smaller than the requirements of the drawings or the surface roughness of the workpiece is greater than 1um (in this embodiment, the surface roughness of the workpiece is less than or equal to 1um and meet the requirements), then return to the third step until the size and surface roughness of the workpiece meet the requirements of the drawing; the fifth step: perform mirror processing on the workpiece, first, start the spindle motor 133 through the control box 132 to drive The three-jaw chuck 140 drives the workpiece to rotate to perform cylindrical grinding of the workpiece. Next, the automatic rotary tool holder 160 is controlled to rotate through the control box 132, so that the Hauke tool 162 is in a working position close to the workpiece surface, and then the spindle motor 133 is activated through the control box 132 to drive the The three-jaw chuck 140 drives the workpiece to rotate to perform Haoke energy mirror processing, so that the surface roughness of the workpiece meets the requirements of the drawing; the sixth step: check the workpiece, and check the dimensional accuracy, straightness, coaxiality, roughness, etc. of the workpiece online. parameter. If the workpiece is unqualified, you can return to the process steps of turning, laser cladding or mirror machining as needed.

In summary, the present invention provides a composite device for turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing, including: a lathe, a laser cladding component, a main control component, a three-jaw chuck, a tool rest feeding system, an automatic rotary tool rest, and a turning tool The laser cladding component includes: a three-axis motion mechanism, a laser head and a three-axis mounting frame, and the main control component includes: a control box and a spindle motor, and the control box controls the spindle motor to The three-jaw chuck is driven to drive the workpiece to rotate and the turning tool is used to turn the workpiece; the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the laser cladding component to turn the workpiece. The workpiece is subjected to laser cladding; the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and use the Haoken tool to perform mirror machining on the workpiece, the turning, laser cladding and mirror machining The composite device combines the three processes to work, which eliminates the multiple disassembly and clamping of the workpiece, which improves the work efficiency and reduces the production cost; The uniformity of the coating thickness formed by laser cladding is ensured, thereby ensuring the repair quality of the product.

The above description is only a description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any changes and modifications made by those of ordinary skill in the field of the present invention based on the above disclosure all belong to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing set composite which characterized in that includes: the laser cladding device comprises a lathe, a laser cladding component, a main control component, a three-jaw chuck, a tool rest feeding system, an automatic rotary tool rest, a turning tool and a Haoke energy tool, wherein the turning tool is installed at one end of the automatic rotary tool rest, the Haoke energy tool is installed at the other end, far away from the turning tool, of the automatic rotary tool rest, and the laser cladding component, the main control component, the three-jaw chuck, the tool rest feeding system and the automatic rotary tool rest are all arranged on the lathe;

the laser cladding component includes: the laser lathe comprises a three-axis motion mechanism, a laser head and a three-axis mounting rack, wherein the three-axis mounting rack is mounted at the top of the lathe, the three-axis motion mechanism is arranged on the three-axis mounting rack, the laser head is mounted on the three-axis motion mechanism, and the three-axis motion mechanism can drive the laser head to correspondingly move on the three-axis mounting rack;

the main control unit includes: the control box is electrically connected with the spindle motor;

when the size of the workpiece is larger, the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and turn the workpiece by using the turning tool; when the size of the workpiece is smaller or the surface roughness of the workpiece does not meet the requirement, the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate and carry out laser cladding on the workpiece by using part of the laser cladding component; when the surface roughness and the size of the workpiece meet the requirements, the control box controls the spindle motor to drive the three-jaw chuck to drive the workpiece to rotate, and the Hooke energy cutter is used for carrying out mirror surface processing on the workpiece.

2. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device of claim 1, wherein said laser cladding component further comprises: the optical fiber suspension bracket is of an arched frame structure and is arranged on the triaxial mounting rack.

3. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device of claim 2, wherein said laser cladding component further comprises: powder nozzle, send powder pipeline, laser generator and powder container, laser generator reaches the powder container is located turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing set composite set side and with the laser head links to each other, the nozzle is located the laser head side and with the position of laser head keeps static relatively, the powder nozzle pass through send the powder pipeline with send the powder container to link to each other.

4. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device of claim 3, wherein the nozzle is coaxial with the laser head.

5. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device of claim 1, wherein said lathe comprises: the tailstock structure comprises a headstock, a tailstock and a lathe bed, wherein the headstock is arranged at one end of the lathe bed, and the tailstock is arranged at the other end, far away from the headstock, of the lathe bed.

6. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device according to claim 5, further comprising: the spindle box is connected with the spindle motor in a belt transmission mode, and the spindle box is arranged at the position of the headstock.

7. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device as claimed in claim 6, wherein said headstock includes a plurality of sets of speed gears, each set of speed gears being intermeshed and rotated to rotate said three-jaw chuck.

8. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device according to claim 5, wherein the control box and the spindle motor are both disposed at the tailstock position.

9. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device of claim 5, wherein said three-jaw chuck, said tool holder feed system and said automatic rotary tool holder are mounted on said machine tool.

10. The combined turning, laser cladding and mirror finishing device of claim 9, wherein said tool holder feed system comprises: the lathe comprises a track, a ball screw and a sliding table, wherein the track is arranged on the lathe bed, the sliding table is installed on the track, the ball screw is arranged in the track and is connected with a spindle motor, and the ball screw is parallel to the track.