CN109903889A - A kind of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of electric wires and cables, more particularly to a kind of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor and preparation method thereof, the creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor includes aluminium alloy rod and layers of copper, the layers of copper is uniform, is concentrically coated on layers of copper aluminium alloy rod surface, the raw material of the aluminium alloy rod is constituted by mass percentage are as follows: iron 0.05~3.00%, copper 0.005~0.60%, magnesium 0.005~0.50%, cerium 0.005~0.50%, boron 0.005%~0.05%, surplus are aluminium and inevitable impurity.The preparation method of the creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor is divided into following steps: melting, continuous casting and rolling, clad welded, annealing wire drawing.Creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor conductivity of the invention is high, and mechanical strength is good, and tensile strength can reach 185MPa, can apply electric wire and cable conductor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of electric wires and cables, in particular to a kind of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor and its
Preparation method.
Background technique
Wires and cables industry is the second largest industry that China is only second to automobile industry, product variety satisfaction rate and domestic market
Occupation rate is more than 90%.With the rapid development of our country's economy, the great development of electric system, large-scale infrastructure, I
State quickly increases the demand of wire and cable.It is copper conductor that the conductor material of China's wire and cable, which largely uses, at present,
But due to China's copper resource anxiety, copper valence is high, and copper conductor material occupies about the 70% of copper wire and cable cost, causes to make
The cost for making copper wire and cable is too big；If biggish compacted using that can occur after the operation of fine aluminium conductor material or current overload
Become, contact resistance is caused to increase, Yi Yinqi accident, and bending property is bad is easy to crack or fracture, same easily to cause accident.Cause
This, the research of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor material is imperative.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor and preparation method thereof, skill to be solved
Art problem is how to improve the electric conductivity and creep-resistant property of material.
According in a first aspect, the invention discloses a kind of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor, including aluminium alloy rod
And layers of copper, the layers of copper is uniform, is concentrically coated on layers of copper aluminium alloy rod surface, and the raw material of the aluminium alloy rod presses quality
Percentage is constituted are as follows: iron 0.05~3.00%, copper 0.005~0.60%, and magnesium 0.005~0.50%, cerium 0.005~0.50%,
Boron 0.005%~0.05%, surplus are aluminium and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, the raw material of the aluminium alloy rod is constituted by mass percentage are as follows: iron 0.10~1.00%, copper 0.01
~0.40%, magnesium 0.005~0.20%, cerium 0.01~0.30%, boron 0.008%, surplus is aluminium and inevitable impurity.
Preferably, aluminium and inevitable impurity content are 98.65% in the aluminium alloy rod.
Preferably, copper content is 99.95% or more in the layers of copper.
According to second aspect, the invention discloses a kind of preparation method of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor, packets
Include following steps:
Melting: melting is carried out by the raw material that corresponding mass percent chooses aluminium alloy rod and forms aluminium alloy melt；
Continuous casting and rolling: being molded into conticaster for the aluminium alloy melt and cast, constantly cold with cooling water during casting
But obtain slab, the slab be then continuously fed into tandem mill and rolls to obtain aluminium alloy rod, the tandem mill using emulsion into
Row lubrication；
Clad welded: the outside of the aluminium alloy rod is coated into one layer of copper strips to form copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy；
Annealing wire drawing: annealing wire drawing process is carried out to the copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy, is drawn into copper according to default specification
Alclad alloy conductor.
Preferably, the temperature of melting is 720~750 DEG C in the melting step, and the tapping temperature of melt is 700~730
℃。
Preferably, aluminium alloy melt is fully stirred using smart machine in the melting step, is enabled aluminum alloy to
The material composition of bar can be mixed uniformly, and stirring operation runs through melting whole process, and the speed of alloy element dissolution can be improved,
And temperature can be made uniform, avoid melt hot-spot.
It should be noted that the correct selection of smelting temperature is non-to the performance of aluminum-alloy conductor material when aluminium alloy smelting
It is often important.The control of temperature is to realize the necessary condition of physical and chemical changes in fusion process, it is ensured that each member in aluminium alloy
Plain sufficiently dissolution.When smelting temperature is too low, the burn-off rate of aluminium alloy is slow, can aggravate the air-breathing of aluminium alloy, and aluminium alloy
Viscosity it is high, be unfavorable for the floating of gas and the sinking of slag inclusion or floating, lead in cast aluminium alloy gold conductor material that there are stomatas
And slag inclusion, reduce its conductivity and fracture elongation；When smelting temperature is excessively high, superheating phenomenon easily occurs for aluminum alloy melt, makes aluminium
Accelerate with interactions, reaction speeds such as air, furnace gases, while can also aggravate the air-breathing of aluminium alloy, cast aluminium alloy gold is caused to be led
There are stomata and slag inclusion in body material, its conductivity and fracture elongation are reduced.Therefore, selecting a suitable smelting temperature is
An important factor for improving aluminum-alloy conductor material performance.
It should be noted that cast temperature, mill speed, rolling temperature are to aluminium alloy conductor in continuous casting and rolling operation
Performance has a major impact.When cast temperature improves, the crystal grain of aluminum-alloy conductor material has roughening tendency to influence its performance；Casting temperature
When degree reduces, the viscosity of aluminium alloy cylindrical body increases, and the casting flaw of aluminum-alloy conductor material is caused to increase and influence its performance.And
The rolling of aluminium alloy rod is multi- pass rolling, and rolling temperature, deflection, the deformation velocity of each passage are different, leads to each road
Secondary processing hardening and recrystallization softening is also different.
Preferably, the cast temperature is 690~720 DEG C, and the temperature of the cooling water is lower than 35 DEG C, the slab
The temperature for feeding tandem mill is 450~520 DEG C, and the temperature for leaving tandem mill is 260~300 DEG C, and the emulsion temperature is lower than
45℃。
By effective control of casting and rolling process, making it not only has high tensile strength, yield limit, and has
Excellent conductivity, the good resistance to compression croop property of thermal resistance stability is very excellent at high temperature.
Preferably, degasification and refining are carried out to the aluminium alloy melt after the melting step.
Preferably, use the online depassing unit of vacuum type aluminium alloy melt to the aluminium alloy in the melting step
Melt carries out online degasification and slagging-off.
By online degasification and slagging-off, guarantees other defects that hydrogen content and elimination in aluminium alloy melt are mingled with, make to melt
Body reaches sufficient alloying；To guarantee the performance of aluminium alloy rod.
Preferably, the continuous casting and rolling step carries out continuous casting and rolling using full double-roller type continuous casting and continuous rolling mill.
Preferably, rods and bars of aluminium alloy annealing temperature is 350~380 DEG C in the wire drawing and annealing step, annealing time
For 20~40min.
It should be noted that bracing wire is that metallic rod or stick are made metal under certain action of pulling stress by mold
Sectional area reduces, and length increases, and obtains size, shape the plastic processing side identical with the size of mold, shape of wire fabrication
Method.Equipment, mold, lubricant during bracing wire etc. have an impact to the performance of aluminium alloy conductor.Aluminium alloy rod is drawn through multi-pass
It pulls out, due to the effect of processing hardening, the tensile strength of aluminum-alloy conductor material increases, conductivity reduces, elongation percentage reduces.
The invention has the following advantages that
It is iron 0.05~3.00% 1. the best constituent of creep resistant copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor has been determined, copper 0.005~
0.60%, magnesium 0.005~0.50%, cerium 0.005~0.50%, boron 0.005%~0.05%, surplus is for aluminium and inevitably
Impurity.Crystal boundary vacancy is filled by iron, magnesium, copper and other trace rare-earth elements, promotes resistance to compression croop property to obtain height
Conductivity and good mechanical properties.
2. enabling aluminum alloy to melt by annealing tends to uniform stabilization in ingredient and tissue, processing can be eliminated and ground
Change, restores the plasticity of alloy；While the tensile strength by improving alloy；So that the aluminium alloy rod of preparation is guaranteeing mechanical property
Residual stress inside eliminating while energy, improves creep-resistant property.
3. the preparation method of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of the present invention has reached abundant conjunction in processing technology
Aurification, the pressure croop property and fine copper performance of obtained high-performance creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor are almost the same,
It is still that copper-copper contacts when being crimped between terminal when installation, galvanic corrosion problems is not present, to be much better than current city
Copper clad aluminum and copper-clad aluminum-magnesium performance on field.
4. the density of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of the invention be lower than fine copper density, with same size,
The fine copper product of identical weight is compared, and the length of product of the present invention is 2.4 times of fine copper product length.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is furture elucidated.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, usually according to conventional strip
Part, or according to the normal condition proposed by manufacturer.Ratio and percentage are based on weight, unless stated otherwise.
Material composition in embodiment is shown in Table 1, and the creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of diameter 0.150mm is made.
Online degasification and slagging-off are carried out to melt using online depassing unit, using domestic full double-roller type aluminium and alloy wire bar continuous casting and tandem rolling
Production line carries out continuous casting and rolling.
1. Examples 1 to 3 material composition of table
| Iron | Copper | Magnesium | Cerium | Boron | Aluminium and inevitable impurity | |
| Embodiment 1 | 0.250% | 0.100% | 0.050% | 0.100% | 0.005% | Surplus |
| Embodiment 2 | 0.700% | 0.250% | 0.192% | 0.200% | 0.008% | Surplus |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.000% | 0.400% | 0.100% | 0.300% | 0.010% | Surplus |
Embodiment 1
The creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of embodiment 1 is prepared as follows in table 1:
(1) melting is handled: aluminium alloy stock being formed melt in 750 DEG C of fusings, then carries out refinery by de-gassing, tapping temperature
740℃；
(2) continuous casting and rolling is handled: being used full double-roller type continuous casting and rolling process for production, will be poured through melt made from step (1)
Enter conticaster to be cast, it is constantly cooling with cooling water when casting, slab is obtained, slab is continuously fed into tandem mill, tandem mill
Using emulsion lubrication, it is rolled into aluminium alloy rod, wherein cast temperature is 700 DEG C, 30 DEG C of the temperature of cooling water, into rolling temperature
It is 500 DEG C, finishing temperature is 300 DEG C, 32 DEG C of emulsion temperature or less；Casting obtains the aluminium alloy rod that diameter is 8.6mm；
(3) surface copper-clad is handled: the outside of aluminium alloy rod obtained in step (2) is coated one layer of copper strips, the thickness of copper strips
Degree is 0.38mm, to form copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy；
(4) annealing wire drawing process: annealing wire drawing process is carried out to copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy obtained in step (3), is moved back
360 DEG C, time 20min of fiery temperature, the copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of diameter 0.15mm is obtained through drawing after.
Embodiment 2
The creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of embodiment 2 is prepared as follows in table 1:
(1) melting is handled: aluminium alloy stock being formed melt in 730 DEG C of fusings, then carries out refinery by de-gassing, then 720
It DEG C comes out of the stove；
(2) continuous casting and rolling is handled: being used full double-roller type continuous casting and rolling process for production, will be poured through melt made from step (1)
Enter conticaster to be cast, it is constantly cooling with cooling water when casting, slab is obtained, slab is continuously fed into tandem mill, tandem mill
Using emulsion lubrication, it is rolled into aluminium alloy rod, wherein cast temperature is 720 DEG C, 25 DEG C of the temperature of cooling water, into rolling temperature
It is 500 DEG C, finishing temperature is 300 DEG C, 35 DEG C of emulsion temperature or less；Casting obtains the aluminium alloy rod that diameter is 8.6mm；
(3) surface copper-clad is handled: the outside of aluminium alloy rod obtained in step (2) is coated one layer of copper strips；The thickness of copper strips
Degree is 0.40mm, to form copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy.
(4) annealing wire drawing process: carrying out annealing wire drawing process to the copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy that step (3) obtains, and anneals
360 DEG C of temperature, time 20min, the copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of diameter 0.15mm is obtained through drawing after.
Embodiment 3
The creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of embodiment 3 is prepared as follows in table 1:
(1) melting is handled: aluminium alloy stock being formed melt in 730 DEG C of fusings, then carries out refinery by de-gassing, then 700
It DEG C comes out of the stove；
(2) continuous casting and rolling is handled: being used full double-roller type continuous casting and rolling process for production, will be poured through melt made from step (1)
Enter conticaster to be cast, it is constantly cooling with cooling water when casting, slab is obtained, slab is continuously fed into tandem mill, tandem mill
Using emulsion lubrication, it is rolled into aluminium alloy rod, wherein cast temperature is 720 DEG C, 25 DEG C of the temperature of cooling water, into rolling temperature
It is 180 DEG C, finishing temperature is 260 DEG C, 25 DEG C of emulsion temperature or less；Casting obtains the aluminium alloy rod that diameter is 8.6mm；
(3) surface copper-clad is handled: the outside of aluminium alloy rod obtained in step (2) is coated one layer of copper strips, the thickness of copper strips
Degree is 0.38mm, to form copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy.
(4) annealing wire drawing process, annealing temperature annealing wire drawing process: are carried out to copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy in step (3)
375 DEG C, time 25min, the copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of diameter 0.15mm is obtained through drawing after.
Using the aluminum alloy materials of Examples 1 to 3 as sample, tensile strength, the fracture elongation, bare wire electricity of sample are measured
Resistance rate and 120 DEG C &112MPa and 20 DEG C &112MPa test with copper creep resistance difference ratio, experimental result such as 2 institute of table
Show.
2. Examples 1 to 3 mechanical performance of table and electric property
From Table 2, it can be seen that the creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor tensile strength of embodiment 1,2 and 3 is not small
In 185MPa, fracture elongation is greater than 10%, and bare wire resistivity is less than 0.0265 Ω mm2/m；And the copper clad aluminum of same size
The tensile strength of material is lower than 172MPa, and fracture elongation is 7% or so, and resistivity is in 0.029984 Ω mm2/ m or so, says
The electric property and mechanical performance of the bright embodiment of the present invention are all higher than common aluminium alloy conductor.And in limit test (120 DEG C of &
112MPa) and under the conditions of routine test (20 DEG C &112MPa), creep high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor of the invention has excellent
Creep-resistant property, it is almost the same with fine copper performance, it is still that copper-copper contacts when being crimped between terminal, it is rotten that there is no electrochemistry
Erosion problem, can be applied in wire and cable.
As long as in addition, the non-structure each other of technical characteristic involved in different embodiments of the present invention described above
It can be combined with each other at conflict.
Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for clarifying the description, and does not limit the embodiments.It is right
For those of ordinary skill in the art, can also make on the basis of the above description it is other it is various forms of variation or
It changes.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And it is extended from this it is obvious variation or
It changes still within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor, which is characterized in that including aluminium alloy rod and layers of copper, the layers of copper is equal
It is even, be concentrically coated on layers of copper aluminium alloy rod surface, the raw material of the aluminium alloy rod is constituted by mass percentage are as follows: iron
0.05~3.00%, copper 0.005~0.60%, magnesium 0.005~0.50%, cerium 0.005~0.50%, boron 0.005%~
0.05%, surplus is aluminium and inevitable impurity.
2. creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the original of the aluminium alloy rod
Material is constituted by mass percentage are as follows: iron 0.10~1.00%, copper 0.01~0.40%, and magnesium 0.005~0.20%, cerium 0.01~
0.30%, boron 0.008%, surplus is aluminium and inevitable impurity.
3. such as the described in any item creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductors of claim 1-2, which is characterized in that the aluminium closes
Aluminium and inevitable impurity content are 98.65% in golden bar.
4. a kind of preparation method of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor, which comprises the following steps:
Melting: melting is carried out by the raw material that corresponding mass percent chooses aluminium alloy rod and forms aluminium alloy melt；
Continuous casting and rolling: being molded into conticaster for the aluminium alloy melt and cast, constantly cooling with cooling water during casting
To slab, the slab is then continuously fed into tandem mill and rolls to obtain aluminium alloy rod, the tandem mill is moistened using emulsion
It is sliding；
Clad welded: the outside of the aluminium alloy rod is coated into one layer of copper strips to form copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy；
Annealing wire drawing: annealing wire drawing process is carried out to the copper clad rods and bars of aluminium alloy, is drawn into copper clad aluminum according to default specification
Alloy conductor.
5. the preparation method of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described molten
The temperature for refining melting in step is 720~750 DEG C, and the tapping temperature of the aluminium alloy melt is 700~730 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in institute
It further include that degasification and refining are carried out to the aluminium alloy melt after stating melting step.
7. the preparation method of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Online degasification and slagging-off are carried out to the aluminium alloy melt using the online depassing unit of vacuum type aluminium alloy melt in melting step.
8. the preparation method of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that described
Continuous casting and rolling is carried out using full double-roller type continuous casting and continuous rolling mill in continuous casting and rolling step.
9. the preparation method of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the company
It is 690~720 DEG C that cast temperature in step is even pricked in casting, and the temperature of the cooling water is lower than 35 DEG C, and the slab feeds tandem mill
Temperature be 450~520 DEG C, the slab leave tandem mill temperature be 260~300 DEG C, the emulsion temperature be lower than 45
℃。
10. according to the preparation side of creep resistant high-conductivity copper-clad aluminum alloy conductor described in any one of claim 4-9 claim
Method, which is characterized in that in the wire drawing and annealing step rods and bars of aluminium alloy annealing temperature be 350~380 DEG C, annealing time be 20~
40min。
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| CN115831434A (en) * | 2022-12-14 | 2023-03-21 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | High-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy and process method of aluminum-clad steel core high-conductivity heat-resistant aluminum alloy wire |
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