CN1098364C - High-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium and its production method - Google Patents
High-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1098364C CN1098364C CN99104586A CN99104586A CN1098364C CN 1098364 C CN1098364 C CN 1098364C CN 99104586 A CN99104586 A CN 99104586A CN 99104586 A CN99104586 A CN 99104586A CN 1098364 C CN1098364 C CN 1098364C
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- carbon
- ferrochromium
- carbon ferrochrome
- roasting
- ferrochrome
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- FXNGWBDIVIGISM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr]#[C] FXNGWBDIVIGISM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- OMBRFUXPXNIUCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidonitrogen(1+) Chemical compound O=[N+]=O OMBRFUXPXNIUCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Mn]=O VASIZKWUTCETSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(II) oxide Inorganic materials [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus monoxide Inorganic materials [P]=O LFGREXWGYUGZLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006188 syrup Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to purity micro-carbon ferrochromium and a production method thereof, which belongs to metal alloy and a smelting method thereof. The present invention is characterized in that the chromium content of ferrochromium is larger than or equal to 85%, and the carbon content is smaller than or equal to 0.004%. The alloy is smelted after the processes of grinding, soaking with nitric acid, partial roasting, drying, calcined and uncalcined material powder mixing, vacuum carbon reducing, degassing, etc. The present invention has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, good environmental protection effect and low content of various inclusions in the alloy, and the chromium content is improved to more than 85%, so that the final ferrochromium has high quality. High-grade stainless steel, precise alloy and other special steel can be produced by the present invention.
Description
The present invention relates to the smelting process of a kind of metal alloy and this alloy, particularly a kind of high-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium and production method thereof.
Ferrochrome is a high quality steel, a kind of important additive of heat-resistance stainless steel and Precise Alloy particularly, the usage quantity maximum can reach 35%, so the content of the quality of ferrochrome, particularly gas and inclusion just becomes the very important important factor of production Clean Steel.The external now existing preferable ferrochrome of quality, but its requirement to production unit, production technique is all very high, and manufacturing cost is corresponding also higher.And China can't produce quality high-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium alloy preferably at present owing to be subjected to the restriction of equipment and technology.The vacuum method smelting micro-carbon chrome iron that present China is adopted is owing to be directly to enter vacuum oven after carbon ferrochrome is pulverized to carry out vacuum decarburization, its raw material contains more impurity, therefore the extra low carbon ferrochromium alloy of being produced contains assorted height, and gas content is also higher, and its product performance are reduced.And utilize hot-metal process or top-blown oxygen converter to produce extra low carbon ferrochromium, and owing to be under the fused liquid state, to produce, make that the slag in the stove mixes mutually with the raw material liquation, can enter molten metal and contain many inclusiones in the slag, can reduce the quality of product undoubtedly.Simultaneously this mode of production is a kind of mode of production of open type, and liquid metal directly contacts with atmosphere, and airborne oxygen and nitrogen molecule are inhaled among the product, thereby causes in the finished product gas content higher.Slag also can be taken away a part of chromium on the other hand, and the rate of recovery of chromium is reduced, and this production method is lost 4～5% chromium to I haven't seen you for ages.
The object of the present invention is to provide the higher high-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium of a kind of quality and more economically a kind of and production technique is simple, the better production method of production effect.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of high-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium is characterized in that it is to be made of following composition:
Cr≥85.0％ C≤0.04％ Si＜0.10％ P＜0.007％ S＜0.004％
Mn＜0.06％ V＜0.08％ Ti＜0.002％ N＜0.004％ O＜0.08％
Fe≤15％
A kind of production method that is used to produce above-mentioned high-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
A. with carbon ferrochrome fragmentation, abrasive dust, the abrasive dust that makes the abrasive dust of granularity＜0.074mm account for 50%, 0.074～0.124mm accounts for 50%;
B. powder raw material being inserted in the nitric acid groove, is 90% nitric acid dousing 5～6 hours with concentration;
C. after the carbon ferrochrome process of acidleach being filtered, water cleans, and dry;
D. get wherein a part of carbon ferrochrome after above-mentioned art breading and place the revolution cellar for storing things to carry out green roasting, temperature is 1000 ℃; Analyze the carbon content in the carbon ferrochrome after its roasting then; The carbon ferrochrome powder that contains the required enough oxygen amounts of decarburization after the roasting is mixed with the carbon ferrochrome powder of another part after acidleach is handled;
E. will be with binding agent through the carbon ferrochrome powder of above-mentioned art breading bonding briquetting, and under 400 ℃ temperature, dried 6～8 hours;
F. exsiccant briquetting material is packed in the vacuum resistance furnace, before vacuum electric furnace is taken out in advance and after the melting, vacuum tightness all is controlled at below the 66pa, carries out carbon drop, degassing processing under 1200～1450 ℃ temperature condition.
Employed raw material is a kind of carbon ferrochrome alloy among the present invention, and its material composition is:
Cr 〉=64%, C≤6.5%, other composition and requirement should meet GB5683-87
Principle of the present invention is done following explanation: through the X light diffracting analysis carbon ferrochrome mainly with (Cr-Fe) C
3Form exists, and chromium is because of being dissolved in Cr
2O
3In, be difficult for moltenly because chromium becomes passive state in cold nitric acid, and the higher nitric acid of iron and concentration is had an effect and is emitted the nitrogen protoxide reaction formula and be:
With emit nitrogen peroxide after the strong acid reaction, reaction formula is:
Therefore, through after the acidleach, Fe (NO
3)
3Water-soluble, after washing, can remove, nitrogen protoxide and nitrogen peroxide are then volatilizable to be fallen.By analysis and calculating, just can draw the addition of the needed nitric acid of acidleach to raw material.By the requirement of turnout, a part is handled through acidleach, carry out roasting in the carbon ferrochrome powder adding rotary kiln behind the washing and drying, the content of its carbon of roasting post analysis thus, can calculate Cr in the roasting material
7C
3And Cr
2O
3Ratio, and with this basis as preparation decarburization requisite oxygen amount.Decarburization requisite oxygen amount will be by the Cr in the part carbon ferrochrome powder
2C
3Provide.The carbon ferrochrome powder that two portions is prepared weight mixes, and with water glass or syrup bond, behind the compound stalk forming, dry under 400 ℃ condition.Dried briquetting material is dropped in the vacuum resistance furnace, carry out the carbon drop degassing under 1200～1450 ℃ temperature, its reactive mode is as follows:
The product carbon monoxide of reaction is constantly extracted out, and therefore reaction can begin under lower temperature, and finishes decarburizing reaction under solid-state, thereby obtains the very low pure ferrochrome of carbon content.Before taking out in advance and after the melting, the vacuum tightness degree is all below 66pa.The total yield of chromium can reach 90～92%.
Technology of the present invention is simple, and energy consumption is low, environment protecting good, and can to make the content of nitrogen, oxygen and the carbon of product drop to the very low water yield, particularly nitrogen only be 40pa; After acidleach was handled, the content of other iron, silicon, phosphorus, nickel, manganese and carbon monoxide was also very low, and stable, simultaneously the content of chromium was brought up to more than 85%, made the final ferrochrome of producing have higher quality.Utilize product of the present invention that the low heat-resistance stainless steel of output gas content, Precise Alloy and other special steel can take place; Also can be used as the raw material of stainless steel welding material and powder metallurgy.
Embodiment: pure extra low carbon ferrochromium production technique is an example with 1000 tons of annual production
1. raw material is prepared
With the analysis of testing of outsourcing carbon ferrochrome, require:
Cr 〉=64%, C≤6.5%, other compositions and requirement should meet the GB5683-87 check.
The coarse crushing of raw material elder generation to 5-15m/m, is entered ball mill again and wears into fine powder, require＜200 purpose fine powders to account for 50%, 120～200 purpose fine powders and account for 50%.
Outsourcing concentration is that 90% concentrated nitric acid warehouse-in is deposited.
2. acidleach, filtration, washing and drying
Dry powder poured in the nitric acid groove soak, every crowd of 500Kg constantly stirs, and the time is 6 hours, filters washing, drying again.
Suppose that the iron level in the carbon chromium is 32%, with reaction formula:
Calculating theoretical nitric acid dosage is:
G＝(320×63×0.5)÷56＝180Kg
The nitric acid excess coefficient is 1.2 to be that actual amount is:
180×1.2＝216Kg
The ratio of carbon chromium and nitric acid is 2.3: 1
3. roasting and batching, moulding
The impregnated powder of above-mentioned acid is told 60%, and through 1000 ℃, 4 hours roasting analyzes [C]=4.7%, calculates Cr in the roasting according to this
2O
3And Cr
7C
3Mass ratio:
Cr
7C
3/Cr
2O
3＝2.2℃
Again according to the decarburizing reaction equation:
Prepare burden.The material that will prepare through mixing, grinds extrusion forming, and dried 6 hours under 400 ℃ of temperature again.
4. carbon drop, the degassing:
Material after the oven dry is packaged goes in the vacuum resistance furnace.1200～1400 ℃ of temperature, before taking out in advance and after finishing, vacuum tightness is below 66pa.Latter stage, furnace pressure dropped to below the 66pa, and reaction finishes substantially, below stove internal cooling to 400 ℃, the blow-on naturally cooling, come out of the stove, fragmentation, weighing, check, pack warehouse-in with metal bucket.
5. all the technology mass output rates are 90%, and 500Kg carbon chromium can be produced the pure extra low carbon ferrochromium of 450Kg, annual production 320 days, every days 7 heat, annual production is 7 * 0.45 * 320=1008 ton.
Claims (2)
1, a kind of high-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium is characterized in that it is to be made of following composition:
Cr≥85.0％ C≤0.04％ Si＜0.10％
P＜0.007％ S＜0.004％ Mn＜0.06％
V＜0.08％ Ti＜0.002％ N＜0.004％
O＜0.08％ Fe≤15％
2, a kind of production method that is used for the high-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium described in the production claim 1 is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
A. the abrasive dust that carbon ferrochrome fragmentation, abrasive dust to the abrasive dust of＜0.074mm is accounted for 50%, 0.074～0.124mm accounts for 50%;
B. powder raw material being inserted in the nitric acid groove, is 90% nitric acid dousing 5～6 hours with concentration;
C. after the carbon ferrochrome process of acidleach being filtered, water cleans, and dry;
D. get a part and place the revolution cellar for storing things to carry out green roasting through the carbon ferrochrome of above-mentioned art breading, temperature is 1000 ℃; Analyze the carbon content in the carbon ferrochrome after its roasting then; The carbon ferrochrome powder that contains the required enough oxygen amounts of decarburization after the roasting is mixed with the carbon ferrochrome powder of another part after acidleach is handled;
E will be through the carbon ferrochrome powder of above-mentioned art breading bonding briquetting with binding agent, and dries under 400 ℃ temperature 6～8 hours;
F. exsiccant briquetting material is packed in the vacuum resistance furnace, vacuum degree control is carried out carbon drop, degassing processing under 1200～1450 ℃ temperature condition below 66pa.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99104586A CN1098364C (en) | 1999-04-23 | 1999-04-23 | High-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium and its production method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN99104586A CN1098364C (en) | 1999-04-23 | 1999-04-23 | High-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium and its production method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1271782A CN1271782A (en) | 2000-11-01 |
| CN1098364C true CN1098364C (en) | 2003-01-08 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN99104586A Expired - Fee Related CN1098364C (en) | 1999-04-23 | 1999-04-23 | High-purity micro-carbon ferrochromium and its production method |
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| AU2002243092B2 (en) * | 2001-04-02 | 2005-08-25 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Motor for washing machine |
| CN106282660A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-04 | 苏州润利电器有限公司 | A kind of electrical accessorie two-layer compound high performance alloys |
| CN108358246B (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2019-12-10 | 中南大学 | A kind of preparation method and application of sodium ferrite chromate material |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1053093A (en) * | 1990-01-06 | 1991-07-17 | 浙江横山铁合金厂 | The production method of low-phosphorous, the humble carbon ferrochrome of high chromium |
-
1999
- 1999-04-23 CN CN99104586A patent/CN1098364C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1053093A (en) * | 1990-01-06 | 1991-07-17 | 浙江横山铁合金厂 | The production method of low-phosphorous, the humble carbon ferrochrome of high chromium |
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| CN1271782A (en) | 2000-11-01 |
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