CN109814011B - DC power distribution system and its detection method for ground insulation fault - Google Patents
DC power distribution system and its detection method for ground insulation fault Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本申请提供一种直流配电系统及其对地绝缘故障检测方法。所述直流配电系统包括主配电柜、N个下级配电设备、主控制器以及多个子控制器和多个断路器。当第M个下级配电设备开始进行自检工作时，第M个子控制器发送扫频信号。当所述第M个子控制器检测到当前下级配电设备故障时，通过控制所述断路器，进而控制所述故障设备中的故障线路断路，消除故障线路对所述直流配电系统继续供电或检测是否还有其他线路发生对地绝缘故障的工作的影响。当所述扫频信号为低频时可以降低检测过程中线路或设备对地电容的影响。当所述扫频信号为高频率时，可以更精准的检测本地线路或设备对地绝缘故障，减小其他位置对地绝缘阻抗的影响。
The present application provides a DC power distribution system and a method for detecting a ground insulation fault. The DC power distribution system includes a main power distribution cabinet, N subordinate power distribution devices, a main controller, multiple sub-controllers and multiple circuit breakers. When the Mth subordinate power distribution equipment starts to perform self-checking work, the Mth sub-controller sends a frequency sweep signal. When the Mth sub-controller detects that the current subordinate power distribution equipment is faulty, it controls the circuit breaker, and then controls the faulty line in the faulty equipment to open the circuit, so as to eliminate the faulty line and continue to supply power to the DC power distribution system or Work to detect if there are other lines that have an insulation fault to earth. When the frequency sweep signal is low frequency, the influence of the line or equipment on the ground capacitance during the detection process can be reduced. When the frequency sweep signal is a high frequency, the insulation fault of the local line or equipment to the ground can be detected more accurately, and the influence of other positions on the insulation impedance of the ground can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a direct-current power distribution system and a ground insulation fault detection method thereof.
Background
Direct current power distribution systems may cause electrical safety accidents such as electric shock and fire because of huge potential safety hazards caused by insulation damage, and therefore insulation monitoring methods are often adopted for prevention. Because the direct-current distribution and utilization systems are all connected together, the traditional insulation monitoring method is difficult to accurately position the position of insulation damage, and the fault line is selected and protected and cut.
In order to improve the reliability and accuracy of insulation detection of a direct-current distribution power system, an impressed current excitation source is usually used for detection in the traditional scheme. When the current excitation source is adopted for detection, the farther the fault point is away from the position of the current excitation source, the smaller the influence on insulation monitoring is. However, the ac excitation source has a certain effect on the quality of the power supplied normally, and is more susceptible to errors caused by the influence of the distributed capacitance to ground.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a dc power distribution system and a ground insulation fault detection method thereof, aiming at the problem that an ac excitation source is easily affected by a ground distributed capacitance and thus a fault cannot be accurately located.
A method for detecting insulation fault of a DC power distribution system to ground comprises the following steps:
the direct-current power distribution system comprises a main power distribution cabinet and N lower-level power distribution devices;
the main power distribution cabinet comprises a main controller;
each lower-level power distribution device comprises a sub-controller, a breaker and a plurality of lines, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1;
the detection method comprises the following steps:
the main controller sequentially sends detection commands to the N lower-level power distribution devices;
when the Mth sub-controller receives the detection command, the Mth sub-controller sends an alternating current excitation signal, wherein the alternating current excitation signal is a frequency sweeping signal, M is an integer, and M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N;
the Mth sub-controller judges whether the current of each line in the Mth lower-level power distribution equipment is larger than a second preset current value;
when the current in at least one line is larger than a second preset current value, the Mth sub-controller sends detection information of the insulation fault of the Mth lower-level distribution equipment to the ground to the main controller;
the Mth sub-controller sends a circuit breaking signal to the circuit breaker;
and after receiving the breaking signal, the breaker breaks the fault line.
In one embodiment, the detection method further includes:
and when the currents in all the lines are smaller than or equal to the second preset current value, the Mth sub-controller sends normal detection information of the Mth subordinate power distribution equipment to a main controller.
In one embodiment, the detection method further includes:
and when the main controller receives the detection information fed back by the Mth sub-controller, that the Mth lower-level distribution equipment has insulation fault to the ground or the Mth lower-level distribution equipment is normal, the main controller sends a detection command to the M +1 th sub-controller until the Nth sub-controller finishes the detection work.
In one embodiment, the step of the master controller sequentially sending the detection commands to the N lower-level power distribution devices includes:
each sub-controller presets a voltage value which is not equal to each other;
the main controller sequentially sends different voltage signals;
and when one sub-controller in the plurality of sub-controllers receives a voltage signal equal to the preset voltage value, the current subordinate power distribution equipment starts to perform self-checking work.
In one embodiment, the frequency sweep signal is in the range of 0Hz-100 KHz.
In one embodiment, before the main controller sequentially sends the detection commands to the N lower-level power distribution devices, the method further includes:
the detection unit detects whether the current value of the direct current distribution system is larger than a first preset current value or not, the detection unit is arranged on the main power distribution cabinet, and the main controller is in communication connection with the detection unit;
and when the current value of the direct current distribution system is larger than a first preset current value, the main controller sequentially sends detection commands to the plurality of lower-level distribution equipment.
In one embodiment, the method comprises the following steps:
a main power distribution cabinet;
each lower-level power distribution equipment is electrically connected with the main power distribution cabinet and comprises a plurality of lines;
the main controller is arranged on the main power distribution cabinet and sequentially sends detection commands to the plurality of lower-level power distribution equipment;
the sub-controllers are correspondingly arranged on the lower-level power distribution equipment, are respectively in communication connection with the main controller and are used for controlling the current lower-level power distribution equipment to start self-checking work and feeding back the ground insulation fault of the Mth lower-level power distribution equipment or the normal detection information of the Mth lower-level power distribution equipment to the main controller, N, M is an integer, N is not less than 1, and M is not less than 1 and not more than N; and
the circuit breakers are arranged on each line of the multiple lines and are located in the same subordinate power distribution equipment, and the circuit breakers are in communication connection with the sub-controllers and used for cutting off the fault lines and the electric connection of the direct current power distribution system.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
the alarm set up in main power distribution cabinet, and with main control unit communication connection, when detecting that L circuit is the fault line and cut off with when direct current distribution system electricity is connected, main control unit control the alarm reports to the police.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
the display set up in main switch board, and with main control unit communication connection, when detecting that L circuit is the fault line and cut off with direct current distribution system electricity is connected, main control unit control the display shows fault detection information to ground.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the following steps:
and the detection unit is in communication connection with the main controller and is used for detecting whether the direct current power distribution system has a fault or not.
The application provides a direct current power distribution system and a ground insulation fault detection method thereof. The direct current power distribution system comprises a main power distribution cabinet and N subordinate power distribution devices. The main power distribution cabinet is electrically connected with the N subordinate power distribution devices respectively. Each subordinate power distribution device includes a plurality of sub-controllers, a plurality of circuit breakers, and a plurality of lines. The direct current power distribution system further comprises a main controller and a plurality of sub-controllers. The main controller is arranged in the main power distribution cabinet and used for sequentially sending detection commands to the plurality of subordinate power distribution devices. The plurality of sub-controllers are disposed at the plurality of lower-level power distribution devices. Specifically, each subordinate power distribution device is provided with a sub-controller. And the plurality of sub-controllers are in communication connection with the main controller and are used for controlling the current subordinate power distribution equipment to start self-checking work. And when the Mth subordinate power distribution equipment starts self-checking work, the Mth sub-controller sends an alternating current excitation signal. The alternating current excitation signal is a frequency sweep signal and is used for detecting whether the current subordinate power distribution equipment has faults or not. The frequency sweep signal is divided into a low frequency signal and a high frequency signal. And when the Mth sub-controller detects that the current subordinate power distribution equipment is fault equipment, the Mth sub-controller controls the circuit breaker to further control the fault circuit in the fault equipment to be broken. The fault line is prevented from continuously supplying power to the direct current power supply system or detecting whether other lines have the influence on the operation of the ground insulation fault. When the alternating current excitation signal is low frequency, the influence of the line or equipment on the ground capacitance in the detection process can be reduced, and a larger range can be determined for the local line or equipment to ground fault. When the alternating current excitation signal is high frequency, the isolation fault of the local line or equipment to the ground can be detected more accurately due to the isolation effect of the line inductance on the alternating current signal, and the influence of other positions on the insulation impedance to the ground is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an insulation fault to ground of a dc power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a ground insulation fault of a dc power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a correspondence relationship between a voltage signal sent by a master controller and ground insulation detection of different lower-level power distribution devices according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a connection diagram of a dc power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a connection diagram of a dc power distribution system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals for the main figure elements
Direct current power distribution system 100
Main power distribution cabinet 10
Lower level power distribution equipment 20
Detection unit 120
The sub-controller 210
Alarm 240
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clearly apparent, a dc power distribution system and a ground insulation fault detection method thereof according to the present application are further described in detail by embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting a ground insulation fault of a dc power distribution system. The dc power distribution system 100 includes a main distribution cabinet 10 and N lower-level power distribution devices 20. The main power distribution cabinet 10 is electrically connected with the N lower-level power distribution devices 20 respectively. The main distribution cabinet 10 includes a main controller 110. Each lower level power distribution device 20 includes a sub-controller 210 and a plurality of lines. And N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1. The detection method comprises the following steps:
s100, the main controller 110 sequentially sends detection commands to the N lower-level power distribution devices 20.
In step S100, the main controller 110 may be a microcontroller or a control circuit, as long as it can control the N lower-stage power distribution devices 20 to perform self-checking operation in sequence. The lower power distribution equipment 20 may be a switch cabinet or other electrical equipment.
S200, when the mth sub-controller 210 receives the detection command, the mth sub-controller 210 sends an ac excitation signal. The alternating current excitation signal is a frequency sweep signal. M is an integer and is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.
In step S200, after the main controller 110 sends the detection command to the mth sub-controller 210, the mth sub-controller 210 receives the detection command. The mth sub-controller 210 begins sending a swept-frequency mode ac excitation signal into each line in the underlying distribution equipment 20. The range of the frequency sweep signal is 0Hz-100 KHz. The frequency sweep signal includes a low frequency signal and a high frequency signal. The range of the low-frequency signal is 0Hz-10KHz, and the range of the high-frequency signal is 10KHz-100 KHz.
S300, the mth sub-controller 210 determines whether the current of each line in the mth lower power distribution device 20 is greater than a second preset current value.
In step S300, the sub-controller 210 has a determining unit, which compares the detected current value of each line with a preset current value to determine whether a ground insulation fault occurs on the current line. The second preset current value is a boundary value of current when no insulation fault to the ground occurs.
S400, when the current in at least one line is greater than a second preset current value, the mth sub-controller 210 sends the detection information of the ground insulation fault of the mth lower level power distribution device 20 to the main controller 110.
In step S400, when the current in at least one line is greater than a second preset current value, the determining unit may determine that the current lower-stage power distribution device 20 has an insulation fault to ground. And the current sub-controller 210 transmits detection information of the insulation fault to the ground of the current lower-level distribution device 20 to the main controller 110.
S500, when the currents in all the lines are less than or equal to the second preset current value, the mth sub-controller 210 sends, to the main controller 110, the normal detection information of the mth lower-stage distribution device 20.
In step S500, after the mth sub-controller 210 sends the detection information that the mth lower power distribution device 20 is normal to the main controller 110, the mth lower power distribution device 20 operates normally.
S600, when the main controller 110 receives the ground insulation fault of the mth lower power distribution device 20 or the normal detection information of the mth lower power distribution device 20 fed back by the mth sub-controller 210, the main controller 110 sends a detection command to the M +1 th sub-controller 210 until the nth sub-controller 210 completes the detection work.
In step S600, after the mth lower level power distribution device 20 completes the detection operation, the safety condition of the mth lower level power distribution device 20 does not affect the main controller 110 to control other non-detected lower level power distribution devices 20 to continue the self-detection operation.
In the present embodiment, when the mth lower-level distribution device 20 starts the self-test operation, the mth sub-controller 210 transmits the ac excitation signal. The ac excitation signal is a frequency sweep signal, and is used to detect whether the current subordinate distribution device 20 is faulty. The frequency sweep signal is divided into a low frequency signal and a high frequency signal. When the alternating current excitation signal is low frequency, the influence of the line or equipment on the ground capacitance in the detection process can be reduced, and a larger range can be determined for the local line or equipment to ground fault. When the alternating current excitation signal is high frequency, the isolation fault of the local line or equipment to the ground can be detected more accurately due to the isolation effect of the line inductance on the alternating current signal, and the influence of other positions on the insulation impedance to the ground is reduced.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in an embodiment, at S100, the step of sending the detection command to the N lower-level power distribution devices 20 by the main controller 110 sequentially includes:
s10, the detecting unit 120 detects whether the current value of the dc power distribution system 100 is greater than a first preset current value.
In step S10, the detection unit 120 is disposed on the main distribution cabinet 10. The main controller 110 is communicatively connected to the detection unit 120. The first preset current value is a boundary value of current when the direct current distribution system 100 has no insulation fault to the ground.
S20, when the current value of the dc distribution system 100 is greater than the first preset current value, each sub-controller 210 is preset with a voltage value that is not equal to each other.
In step S20, each of the preset voltage values corresponds to the detection command. The lower power distribution device 20 can start the self-test operation only when the main controller 110 transmits a voltage signal equal to the preset voltage value.
S30, the main controller 110 sequentially sends different voltage signals.
In step S30, the voltage signals sequentially transmitted by the main controller 110 correspond to the voltage thresholds set in the lower power distribution devices 20 one to one. When one lower-level power distribution device 20 completes the self-checking operation, the main controller 110 sends a next voltage signal to control the next lower-level power distribution device 20 to start the self-checking operation.
S40, when one of the sub-controllers 210 in the plurality of sub-controllers 210 receives a voltage signal equal to its preset voltage value, the current lower-stage distribution equipment 20 starts to perform self-checking operation.
In step S40, the main controller 110 controls each lower power distribution device 20 to perform self-test operation at different time intervals by sequentially sending different voltage signals.
In this embodiment, the detection method controls the start of the self-checking operation of the lower-stage power distribution device 20 by sending a voltage signal in a hierarchical manner. When the lower stage power distribution device 20 does not receive the voltage signal, the lower stage power distribution device 20 is in a standby state. The mode of hierarchical detection has improved the accuracy of fault location on the one hand, has reduced the influence to the electric energy quality and has reduced the working loss on the other hand.
In one embodiment, after the mth sub-controller 210 sends the detection information of the ground insulation fault of the mth lower-level power distribution device 20 to the main controller 110, the method further includes:
s700, the mth sub-controller 210 sends a trip signal to the circuit breaker 230.
In step S700, a plurality of breakers 230 are provided. Each of the breakers 230 is disposed corresponding to each of the plurality of lines. The circuit breaker 230 and the sub-controller 210 located in the same lower level power distribution device 20 are communicatively connected.
And S800, after receiving the breaking signal, the breaker 230 breaks the fault line.
In step S800, when the breaker 230 breaks the faulty line, the main controller 110 may also control to alarm the faulty line, and prompt a current worker to repair the faulty line.
In this embodiment, the detection method further includes breaking the faulty line by a breaker. This line is prevented from continuing to supply power to the dc power supply system 100 or detecting the effect of any other line operating on an insulation fault to ground.
Referring to fig. 4, an embodiment of the present application provides a dc power distribution system 100. The dc power distribution system 100 includes: the main power distribution cabinet 10, N lower-level power distribution devices 20, a main controller 110, and N sub-controllers 210.
The main distribution cabinet 10 is used for providing electric energy. The main power distribution cabinet 10 is electrically connected to each lower-level power distribution equipment 20. Each lower level power distribution device 20 includes a plurality of lines. The main controller 110 is disposed in the main power distribution cabinet 10, and configured to sequentially send a detection command to the plurality of lower-level power distribution devices. The main controller 110 may be a microcontroller or a control circuit, as long as it can control the N lower-level power distribution devices 20 to sequentially perform self-checking operations. The lower power distribution equipment 20 may be a switch cabinet or other electrical equipment.
One sub-controller 210 of the N sub-controllers 210 is correspondingly disposed on one lower-stage power distribution device 20. The N sub-controllers 210 are respectively in communication with the main controller 110. The N sub-controllers 210 are configured to control the current lower-level distribution device 20 to start a self-test operation. When the mth lower power distribution device 20 starts self-test operation, the mth sub-controller 210 starts sending alternating current excitation signals in a frequency sweep mode to each line in the lower power distribution device 20. The range of the frequency sweep signal is 0Hz-100 KHz. The frequency sweep signal includes a low frequency signal and a high frequency signal. The range of the low-frequency signal is 0Hz-10KHz, and the range of the high-frequency signal is 10KHz-100 KHz. The N sub-controllers 210 are further configured to feed back detection information of the mth lower level power distribution device 20 about an insulation fault to ground or the mth lower level power distribution device 20 is normal to the main controller 110. N, M is an integer, N is more than or equal to 1, and M is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.
In this embodiment, the dc power distribution system 100 includes a main power distribution cabinet 10 and N lower-level power distribution devices 20. The main power distribution cabinet 10 is electrically connected with the N lower-level power distribution devices 20 respectively. Each lower level power distribution device 20 includes a plurality of lines. The dc power distribution system 100 further includes a main controller 110 and a plurality of sub-controllers 210. The main controller 110 is disposed in the main power distribution cabinet 10, and configured to sequentially send a detection command to the plurality of lower-level power distribution devices 20. The plurality of sub-controllers 210 are provided to the plurality of lower-level power distribution devices 20. Specifically, one sub-controller 210 is provided in each lower-stage power distribution device 20. The sub-controllers 210 are communicatively connected to the main controller 110, and are configured to control the current lower-level power distribution equipment 210 to start performing self-inspection work. When the mth subordinate distribution device 210 starts self-test operation, the mth sub-controller sends an ac excitation signal. The ac excitation signal is a frequency sweep signal, and is used to detect whether the current subordinate distribution device 20 is faulty. The frequency sweep signal is divided into a low frequency signal and a high frequency signal. When the alternating current excitation signal is low frequency, the influence of the line or equipment on the ground capacitance in the detection process can be reduced, and a larger range can be determined for the local line or equipment to ground fault. When the alternating current excitation signal is high frequency, the isolation fault of the local line or equipment to the ground can be detected more accurately due to the isolation effect of the line inductance on the alternating current signal, and the influence of other positions on the insulation impedance to the ground is reduced.
Referring to fig. 5, in an embodiment, the dc power distribution system 100 further includes: a plurality of circuit breakers 230, an alarm 240, a display 250, and a detection unit 120.
The detection unit 120 is communicatively connected to the main controller 110, and is configured to detect whether the dc power distribution system 100 fails. One of the circuit breakers 230 is disposed on each of the plurality of lines. The circuit breaker 230 and the sub-controller 210 in the same lower level power distribution device 20 are communicatively connected to disconnect a fault line from the dc power distribution system 100. The alarm 240 is disposed on the main power distribution cabinet 10. And the alarm 240 is in communication connection with the main controller 110. When detecting that the lth line is a faulty line and is disconnected from the electrical connection with the dc power distribution system 100, the main controller 110 controls the alarm 240 to alarm. The alarm 240 may be a buzzer alarm or an LED flashing light alarm. The display 250 is disposed on the main power distribution cabinet 10 and is in communication connection with the main controller 110. When detecting that the L line is a fault line and is cut off from the electrical connection with the DC power distribution system 100, the main controller 110 controls the display 250 to display the ground fault detection information. In particular, the information displayed by the display 250 may be that the fourth line in the fourth lower-level power distribution equipment 20 is a fault line.
In this embodiment, the dc power distribution system 100 detects whether there is an insulation fault to ground in the dc power distribution system 100 through the detection unit 120. When a faulty line is detected, the dc power distribution system 100 opens the faulty line through the circuit breaker 230, preventing this line from continuing to supply power to the dc power supply system 100 or detecting whether there are any other lines that are affected by the operation of the ground insulation fault. And informs the current staff of the repair of the faulty line through the alarm 240 and the display 250.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the claims. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
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| CN102565619A (en) * | 2012-02-16 | 2012-07-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | State diagnosis method for small-current ground fault line selection device |
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