CN1097711C - Oil equalization automatic control device for multiple refrigeration compressors - Google Patents
Oil equalization automatic control device for multiple refrigeration compressors Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B31/00—Compressor arrangements
- F25B31/002—Lubrication
- F25B31/004—Lubrication oil recirculating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
- F25B2400/07—Details of compressors or related parts
- F25B2400/075—Details of compressors or related parts with parallel compressors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(一)技术领域(1) Technical field
本发明涉及制冷压缩机的均油装置，特别是多台制冷压缩机的均油自控装置。The invention relates to an oil equalizing device for refrigeration compressors, in particular to an oil equalizing automatic control device for multiple refrigeration compressors.
(二)背景技术(2) Background technology
在制冷系统中，压缩机工作时，必定有一少部分冷冻油回连续不断地从气缸中与制冷剂一起被压出，进入制冷系统的管路及冷凝器和蒸发器中。当冷冻油不能连续地返回压缩机时，一定会造成压缩机油面下降，乃至冷冻油枯竭，出现压缩机缺油烧毁现象。所以保证冷冻油源源不断地返回压缩机是制冷系统设计中最重要的课题之一。在只有一台压缩机的氟里昂制冷系统中，只要采用必要的措施，如采用合理的管路设计，系统各部位形成稳定的油量分布后，冷冻油会顺利地通过压缩机吸气管返回曲轴箱，使压缩机保持正常工作油面。而在负荷变化宽的氟里昂制冷系统中，使用单台压缩机仅采用启停控制和能量调节措施往往不能适应负荷剧烈变化的需要。所以将多台压缩机并联使用在同一制冷系统中，不仅可以拓宽制冷系统的容量范围，降低启动电流，延长压缩机的使用寿命，还能大幅度地简化系统，降低投资成本。但是，在同一制冷系统中使用多台压缩机并联，存在着冷冻油能否顺利返回各台压缩机的问题。为此，日本的Mitsuo Ogawa etc.在1995年的松下技术报告，Vol.41，No.5oct.P507中发表了“大容量并联空气调节方法”。它是在两台压缩机壳体间连接有管径较大的均油管和管径较小的均油管，同时在每台压缩机的排气管上增设一个油分离器，大部分冷冻油经油分离器分离后，通过减压毛细管流回压缩机吸气管，以减少进入系统管路及蒸发器的油量，而使各压缩机间均油。采用这种均油方法的缺点是：当压缩机多于两台时，各压缩机间连接粗大的均油管和均压管，不仅会给生产、运输带来麻烦，维修、更换配件带来极大不便。而且当两台压缩机体积不同时，为保证油面一致，要求压缩机的安装高度也不一致，这样给安装又带来困难。另外，日本的KunieSekigami，Kouji Nagae.在1995年的冷冻杂志Vol.70，No812Jun.P628中发表了“带有多个室内、外单元的大容量W型楼宇空调系统”。它是在各压缩机排气管上设置油分离器，油分离器再与设置的电磁阀相接而形成油路平衡管，再通过压缩机内设置油面传感器来信息控制电磁阀的开闭，以控制冷冻油油面。当压缩机富油时，对应电磁阀关闭，缺油时开启，前油分离器中的冷冻油将向后压缩机供油，反之亦然。采用此种均油方法的缺点是：需要对制造商提出压缩机内设置油面传感器要求后才能实现，同时需要与电磁阀配合使用，其可靠性取决于油面传感器和电磁阀的品质，因而使成本大幅度提高。In the refrigeration system, when the compressor is working, a small amount of refrigerated oil must be continuously pressed out from the cylinder together with the refrigerant, and enter the pipeline, condenser and evaporator of the refrigeration system. When the refrigerating oil cannot be continuously returned to the compressor, the oil level of the compressor will definitely drop, and even the refrigerating oil will be exhausted, leading to the phenomenon of compressor burning due to lack of oil. Therefore, it is one of the most important issues in the design of the refrigeration system to ensure that the refrigeration oil is continuously returned to the compressor. In a Freon refrigeration system with only one compressor, as long as necessary measures are taken, such as a reasonable pipeline design, after a stable oil distribution is formed in each part of the system, the refrigerated oil will return smoothly through the suction pipe of the compressor. Crankcase, so that the compressor maintains a normal working oil level. However, in a Freon refrigeration system with a wide load variation, using a single compressor and only using start-stop control and energy regulation measures often cannot meet the needs of drastic load changes. Therefore, using multiple compressors in parallel in the same refrigeration system can not only expand the capacity range of the refrigeration system, reduce the starting current, prolong the service life of the compressor, but also greatly simplify the system and reduce investment costs. However, if multiple compressors are used in parallel in the same refrigeration system, there is a problem of whether the refrigerating oil can be returned to each compressor smoothly. For this reason, Japan's Mitsuo Ogawa etc. published "large-capacity parallel air conditioning method" in the Panasonic technical report in 1995, Vol.41, No.5oct.P507. It connects the oil equalizing pipe with larger diameter and the oil equalizing pipe with smaller diameter between the shells of the two compressors. At the same time, an oil separator is added to the exhaust pipe of each compressor. Most of the refrigerated oil passes through After the oil separator is separated, it flows back to the suction pipe of the compressor through the decompression capillary to reduce the amount of oil entering the system pipeline and evaporator, so that the oil is evenly distributed among the compressors. The disadvantage of adopting this method of equalizing oil is: when there are more than two compressors, thick oil equalizing pipes and pressure equalizing pipes are connected between the compressors, which will not only bring troubles to production and transportation, but also bring great inconvenience to maintenance and replacement of accessories. Big inconvenience. And when two compressors have different volumes, in order to ensure that the oil level is consistent, the installation heights of the compressors are required to be inconsistent, which brings difficulties to the installation. In addition, KunieSekigami and Kouji Nagae of Japan published "Large-capacity W-type building air-conditioning system with multiple indoor and outdoor units" in Refrigeration Magazine Vol.70, No812Jun.P628 in 1995. It is to install an oil separator on the exhaust pipe of each compressor, and the oil separator is connected with the electromagnetic valve to form an oil circuit balance pipe, and then the oil level sensor is installed in the compressor to control the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve , to control the oil level of the frozen oil. When the compressor is rich in oil, the corresponding solenoid valve is closed, and when it is short of oil, it is opened, and the refrigerated oil in the front oil separator will supply oil to the rear compressor, and vice versa. The disadvantage of using this method of equalizing oil is that it can only be realized after the manufacturer is required to install an oil level sensor in the compressor. At the same time, it needs to be used in conjunction with a solenoid valve. Its reliability depends on the quality of the oil level sensor and solenoid valve. greatly increase the cost.
(三)发明内容(3) Contents of the invention
针对上述现有技术中存在的缺点，本发明的发明目的是提供一种成本低的多台制冷压缩机均油自控装置。它不仅生产制造容易，运输、维修、更换配件方便，而且对压缩机安装吴任何特殊要求。Aiming at the above-mentioned shortcomings in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost oil equalization automatic control device for multiple refrigeration compressors. It is not only easy to manufacture, convenient to transport, maintain, and replace parts, but also has no special requirements for compressor installation.
为了达到上述的发明目的，本发明的技术方案以如下方式实现：多台制冷压缩机均油自控装置，它是由多台机壳内为高压油的压缩机及各压缩机所配带的油分离器、单向阀、节流器、贮油包组成。其结构特点是，所述各压缩机的壳体上设有出油口并与所设进口相接，各贮油包的出口交错分别与所设均油管一和均油管二相接。各压缩机的排气口与油分离器相接，油分离器的上出口与单向阀进口相接，各单向阀的出口与去冷凝器的排气管相接，各油分离器的下出口与节流器进口相接，来自蒸发器的吸气管与各自压缩机的吸气口相接并引出接管，各节流器出口与各接管相接。各接管交错分别与均油管二和均油管一相接，均油管二设有充油口。各接管与均油管一或者均油管二连接段设有节流器。In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical solution of the present invention is realized in the following manner: a plurality of refrigeration compressor oil equalization automatic control devices, which are composed of compressors with high-pressure oil in the plurality of casings and the oil that each compressor is equipped with Composed of separator, one-way valve, restrictor and oil storage bag. Its structural feature is that the shells of the compressors are provided with oil outlets connected to the provided inlets, and the outlets of the oil storage bags are staggered and respectively connected to the first oil equalizing pipe and the second oil equalizing pipe. The exhaust port of each compressor is connected to the oil separator, the upper outlet of the oil separator is connected to the inlet of the check valve, the outlet of each check valve is connected to the exhaust pipe of the condenser, and the outlet of each oil separator The lower outlet is connected to the inlet of the restrictor, the suction pipe from the evaporator is connected to the suction port of each compressor and leads to the connecting pipe, and the outlet of each restrictor is connected to each connecting pipe. Each connecting pipe is alternately connected with the second oil equalizing pipe and the first oil equalizing pipe, and the second oil equalizing pipe is provided with an oil filling port. A restrictor is provided on the connection section between each connecting pipe and the first oil equalizing pipe or the second oil equalizing pipe.
本发明由于采用上述各元件、部件的组合结构及连接关系，在不增设油面传感器、电磁阀的情况下，仅用管道、节流器等无运动部件，可使多台制冷压缩机自动均油。与现有技术相比，它不仅具有结构简单，性能可靠，维修、运输、更换配件方便，对压缩机安装无特殊要求的特点。而且几乎不增加成本。适用于多台、不同形式、不同大小的制冷压缩机之间的均油。Because the present invention adopts the combined structure and connection relationship of the above-mentioned components and components, without adding oil level sensors and electromagnetic valves, multiple refrigeration compressors can be automatically balanced by using only pipelines, throttles and other non-moving parts. Oil. Compared with the existing technology, it not only has the characteristics of simple structure, reliable performance, convenient maintenance, transportation and replacement of accessories, but also has no special requirements for compressor installation. And at almost no additional cost. It is suitable for oil equalization between multiple refrigeration compressors of different shapes and sizes.
(四)附图说明(4) Description of drawings
下面结合附图和具体的实施方式对本发明作进一步说明。The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
附图是本发明的结构连接图。Accompanying drawing is the structural connection figure of the present invention.
(五)具体实施方式(5) Specific implementation methods
参看附图，多台制冷压缩机均油自控装置，它是由四台机壳内为高压油的压缩机5及各压缩机5所配带的油分离器3、单向阀2、节流器4、贮油包6组成。在所述各压缩机5的壳体上设有出油口并与贮油包6进口相接。各贮油包6的出口交错分别与所设均油管一9和均油管二10相接。各压缩机5的排气口与油分离器3相接，油分离器3的上出口与单向阀2进口相接。各单向阀2的出口与去冷凝的排气管相接。各油分离器3的下出口与节流器4进口相接。来自蒸发器的吸气管与各自压缩机5的吸气口相接并引出接管1。各节流器4出口与各接管1相接。各接管1交错管分别与均油管二10和均油管一9相接。均油管二10设有充油器8。各接管1与均油管一9和均油管二10连接段设有节流器11。均油管一9、均油管二10与各接管1和各贮油包6连接段为设有拼装连接时才使用的截止阀7。均油管一9和均油管二10的外壁由保温材料包容。所述节流器4和节流器11包括使用毛细管、节流阀或者阻尼孔板。Referring to the accompanying drawings, the oil equalization automatic control device for multiple refrigeration compressors is composed of four compressors 5 with high-pressure oil in the casing and an oil separator 3, a one-way valve 2, and a throttling valve equipped with each compressor 5. Device 4, oil storage bag 6 are formed. The shells of the compressors 5 are provided with oil outlets connected to the inlets of the oil storage bags 6 . The outlets of each oil storage bag 6 are staggered and connected with the established oil equalizing pipe one 9 and oil equalizing pipe two 10 respectively. The exhaust port of each compressor 5 is connected to the oil separator 3 , and the upper outlet of the oil separator 3 is connected to the inlet of the one-way valve 2 . The outlet of each one-way valve 2 is connected with the decondensing exhaust pipe. The lower outlet of each oil separator 3 is connected with the inlet of the restrictor 4 . The suction pipe from the evaporator is connected with the suction port of each compressor 5 and leads out of the connecting pipe 1 . The outlets of each restrictor 4 are connected with each connecting pipe 1 . Each connecting pipe 1 intersects with the oil equalizing pipe two 10 and the oil equalizing pipe one 9 respectively. Oil equalizing pipe two 10 is provided with oil filler 8. A throttling device 11 is provided at the connecting section between each connecting pipe 1 and the first oil equalizing pipe 9 and the second oil equalizing pipe 10 . Oil equalizing pipe one 9, oil equalizing pipe two 10 and each connecting pipe 1 and each oil storage bag 6 connection sections are provided with the cut-off valve 7 that just uses when assembling and connecting. The outer walls of oil equalizing pipe one 9 and oil equalizing pipe two 10 are contained by thermal insulation materials. The restrictor 4 and the restrictor 11 include using a capillary, a throttle valve or a damping orifice.
使用本发明时，各截止阀7开启。压缩机5运行时，制冷剂高压蒸汽经油分离器3、单向阀2后进入冷凝器。在分离器3中被分离出的冷冻油，经节流器4降压后返回各自压缩机5中。末被油分离器3分离出的油经单向阀2随制冷剂一同进入冷凝器、蒸发器和系统管路中。当系统各部位存在一个均匀油量分布后，来自蒸发器的油，经吸气管返回各压缩机5。由于返回各压缩机5的油量不可能均匀，即出现某压缩机5富油或者缺油的现象。当某台压缩机5富油，即超过压缩机5正常工作油位时，冷冻油则沿其壳体上所设出油口流入贮油包6和与之相连的均油管一9或者均油管二10中。在均油管一9或者均油管二10中贮存的冷冻油，其压力近似为压缩机5的排气压力，在压差的作用下，又经节流器11回到缺油压缩机5的吸气管中，缺油的压缩机5连续不断地回收到富油压缩机5多余的冷冻油，使其油位回升到正常的工作油位范围，保证每台压缩机5正常工作。在整个均油自控装置中，如果仅有部分压缩机5工作时，系统中存留的油，将会回到正在运转的压缩机5中。当出现富油现象，富油压缩机5中多余的油将会存贮在贮油包6和与之相连的均油管一9或者均油管二10中。原来停止工作的压缩机5启动后，短时间内会出现缺油现象，此时由于吸气管的低压抽吸，从富油压缩机5的贮油包6和均油管一9或者均油管二10中补足所需的冷冻油。When using the present invention, each stop valve 7 is opened. When the compressor 5 is running, the high-pressure steam of the refrigerant enters the condenser after passing through the oil separator 3 and the one-way valve 2 . The refrigerated oil separated in the separator 3 returns to the respective compressors 5 after being depressurized by the restrictor 4 . The oil that has not been separated by the oil separator 3 enters the condenser, evaporator and system pipeline together with the refrigerant through the check valve 2. When there is a uniform oil distribution in each part of the system, the oil from the evaporator returns to each compressor 5 through the suction pipe. Owing to the impossibility of uniform oil quantity that returns each compressor 5, promptly occurs the phenomenon that certain compressor 5 is rich in oil or short of oil. When a certain compressor 5 is rich in oil, that is, when it exceeds the normal working oil level of the compressor 5, the refrigerated oil flows into the oil storage bag 6 and the oil equalizing pipe 9 or the oil equalizing pipe connected to it along the oil outlet provided on the casing. Two in 10. The pressure of the refrigerated oil stored in oil equalizing pipe one 9 or oil equalizing pipe two 10 is approximately the discharge pressure of compressor 5. In the air pipe, the oil-deficient compressor 5 continuously recycles the excess refrigerated oil from the oil-rich compressor 5 to make its oil level rise to the normal working oil level range, so as to ensure that each compressor 5 works normally. In the whole oil equalizing automatic control device, if only part of the compressors 5 are working, the oil remaining in the system will return to the running compressors 5 . When the oil-rich phenomenon occurs, the excess oil in the oil-rich compressor 5 will be stored in the oil storage bag 6 and the oil equalizing pipe one 9 or the oil equalizing pipe two 10 connected thereto. After the compressor 5 that stopped working originally starts, there will be oil shortage in a short period of time. At this time, due to the low-pressure suction of the suction pipe, the 10 to make up the required freezing oil.
按照上述的实施方式，若将各压缩机5的接管1与各均油管一9或者均油管二10连接段上的各节流器11取掉并将其设置在各压缩机5的贮油包6出口段，使均油管一9和均油管二10内均处于低压，也可获得同样效果。According to the above-mentioned embodiment, if the throttles 11 on the connecting pipes 1 of each compressor 5 and each oil equalizing pipe one 9 or oil equalizing pipe two 10 are removed and installed in the oil storage bag of each compressor 5 6 outlet sections, make oil equalizing pipe one 9 and oil equalizing pipe two 10 all be in low pressure, also can obtain same effect.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99109589 CN1097711C (en) | 1999-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Oil equalization automatic control device for multiple refrigeration compressors |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 99109589 CN1097711C (en) | 1999-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Oil equalization automatic control device for multiple refrigeration compressors |
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| CN1280284A CN1280284A (en) | 2001-01-17 |
| CN1097711C true CN1097711C (en) | 2003-01-01 |
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| CN 99109589 Expired - Fee Related CN1097711C (en) | 1999-07-13 | 1999-07-13 | Oil equalization automatic control device for multiple refrigeration compressors |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| ES2382736T3 (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2012-06-13 | Toshiba Carrier Corporation | Refrigeration cycle apparatus |
| JP4464333B2 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2010-05-19 | 三星電子株式会社 | Compressor oil leveling device and refrigerator |
| KR101266657B1 (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2013-05-28 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | air conditioner |
| WO2012072139A2 (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-07 | Carrier Corporation | Oil compensation in a refrigeration circuit |
| CN102200360B (en) * | 2011-01-28 | 2013-08-14 | 大连三洋压缩机有限公司 | Oil equalization system of compressor |
| CN102650479A (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-29 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Multi-connected air conditioning unit and oil circuit system thereof |
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