CN109674806A - 春雷霉素在制备抗菌药物中的用途 - Google Patents
春雷霉素在制备抗菌药物中的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109674806A CN109674806A CN201910031310.2A CN201910031310A CN109674806A CN 109674806 A CN109674806 A CN 109674806A CN 201910031310 A CN201910031310 A CN 201910031310A CN 109674806 A CN109674806 A CN 109674806A
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Abstract
发明人提供了已知化合物春雷霉素的一种新用途,将春雷霉素运用于抗菌药物,特别是脚气药物中,在使用中见效快,抗药性低,治疗脚气的周期短。发明人所选用的组分含量,制作的顺序和工艺。可以使得产品相互协同稳定,提高存储时间,而不容易降解失效。药物组合物可对引起脚气的真菌和细菌达到双重抑菌的效果,副反应小,使用方便。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及生物医药领域,具体涉及春雷霉素在制备抗菌药物中的用途。
背景技术
春雷霉素(Kasugamycin)又名春日霉素,是1963年从土壤中筛选分离得到的一种放线菌发酵产生的氨基糖苷类农医两用抗生素。发明人在申请号为201710965305.X,一种春雷霉素的纯化方法,公开了一种制备纯度较高、收率较高春雷霉素的方法。
春雷霉素下游提取纯化工艺较简单时通常较多应用在农用杀菌剂,对水稻上的稻瘟病有优异防效和治疗作用,在防治西瓜细菌性角斑病,桃树流胶病,疮痂病,穿孔病等病害有特效,进一步的,通过下游提取纯化技术的改进,高纯度的春雷霉素、盐酸春雷霉素或者硫酸春雷霉素盐的生产获得可能,去除了发酵副产物杂质带来的副作用,结合现代医药制剂加工技术,可以有效的辅助开发应用在医用领域。
感染“脚气”的主要原因就是出汗、真菌感染和细菌感染,夏天天气炎热容易出汗,再加上汗全闷在袜子和鞋子里,脚长时间不透气更会让真菌大量繁殖,夏季潮湿时脚气发病率更是高达60%;解决脚气问题,除了勤清洗勤换袜外,最重要的是要消灭大量繁殖的“脚气菌”。研究表明引起脚气的细菌主要有五种在作怪,分别是棒状杆菌、微球菌、丙酸杆菌、B-变形菌纲和短杆菌。有研究表明:异戊酸这个成分是这些微生物产生脚臭的一个重要的成分之一,而且研究表明葡萄球菌的细菌总是和异戊酸产生形影不离,葡萄球菌是造成脚臭的罪魁祸首。日本的一项研究发现,柑橘类水果中存在特殊的化学物质。它们可以准确地攻击葡萄球菌,而不会误伤其他细菌,然而,科学家还是持谨慎态度,需要进一步研究。
而引起脚藓的真菌之一毛癣菌是子囊菌门下的一种真菌,其菌丝可以产生光滑直筒状的大分生孢子(macroconidia)与许多小分生孢子(microconidia)。其中大分生孢子直接在菌丝侧向生长,毛癣菌属容易侵害人类的皮肤、毛囊及指甲造成皮肤感染,一旦感染很难自愈,必须要辅助相应的药物治疗才行,一般治疗外用发癣退(tolnaftate)或咪唑,若为指甲感染则需口服灰霉素,肝肾副作用较大。也有一些脚气膏中含植物提取抑制真菌成分如霍罗皮托,或者柑橘类芳香精油,或者茶树和麦卢卡成分,只能对真菌类或者细菌类有抑制,但不能有效阻止复发。一些内服或者外用的治疗脚气药物有克霉唑、特比萘芬、康唑类等,临床药理研究表面长期使用要进行肝肾有关代谢酶的监控;大部分脚气药效果不明显,脚气总是反反复复;药效强一点的可能添加了过量激素成分,严重可能会引发过敏,很少有产品能同时做到安全、有效、快速三点。现有的三类治疗药物各自存在以下问题:(1)激素类药物,副作用较大,有些人会出现严重过敏反应;(2)化学合成抑菌药,抗药性强:抑菌药物实际上只能抑制真菌生长,却不能杀灭真菌,且治疗周期长易产生耐药性,脚气复发的可能性很大;(3)植物纯天然抑菌药,作用缓慢,抑菌作用弱。
另外,还有一些以鞋袜除臭为主打的产品,是以乙醇、甲醛、香茅油及苯扎氯铵等具有杀菌除臭的成分,这些不太适用与人体皮肤直接接触使用,适用于鞋袜的环境消毒,无法根治皮肤表面共生的微生物,而这些共生微生物中常常伴随一些有害的条件致病菌,当人体免疫下降时,严重的容易造成感染疾病。
发明内容
发明人提供了一种春雷霉素在制备抗菌药物中的用途。其中药物中春雷霉素可以以游离态成分存在,或可结合其他成分,成为可溶性化合物、其可药用盐或者络合物。
春雷霉素虽然一般是在农用上使用的抗菌杀菌成分,但原药及其代谢产物安全,毒性比较低。对春雷霉素的毒理学研究,毒性数据如下:口服LD50(大鼠):22g/kg;腹膜内LD50(大鼠):12g/kg;皮下LD50(大鼠):17g/kg;口服LD50(小鼠):20500mg/kg;腹腔内LD50(小鼠):7600mg/kg;皮下LD50(小鼠):12g/kg。毒理学研究也证明春雷霉素(盐酸盐)毒性低可以开发成医用。
进一步地,所述抗菌药物为治疗脚气药物。
发明人提供了一种抗菌药物组合物,其中含有春雷霉素可溶性化合物或其可药用盐或络合物作为有效成分。
进一步地,所述药物组合物包括可溶性固体分散剂和乳浊液。
进一步地,所述可溶性固体分散剂包含组分成分及其重量比为:春雷霉素10-15质量份,β环糊精10-15质量份,维生素C0.1-0.3质量份,抗菌肽0.1-0.3质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.01-0.05质量份,丁香酚0.01-0.03质量份,硫磺粉0.01-0.03质量份,赋形剂0.1-0.3质量份,分散剂0.01-0.03质量份,乙醇8-10质量份,抗菌精油0.1-0.3质量份。
进一步地,所述可溶性固体分散剂的制备包括以下步骤:
将质量百分比浓度为10-12%的春雷霉素溶液,加入β环糊精饱和溶液中进行包合,包合温度为40-50℃,包合时间为2-3h,得到含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液;
将含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液中加入维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸、溶解丁香酚的乙醇溶液,混合均匀后,再加入硫磺粉、赋形剂和分散剂,混合均匀后在60-80℃干燥5-6h后,得到固态混合物,向固态混合物中均匀混入抗菌精油,得到固体分散剂。维生素C既是水溶性的抗氧化剂,又有一定的抑制菌生长的作用,在固体分散剂中,能与春雷霉素形成配合,起到稳定剂的作用。固体分散剂也可以溶解后做成喷剂。
进一步地,所述赋形剂包括壳寡糖和几丁质,所述分散剂包括氧化锌。
进一步地,所述乳浊液包含组分成分及其重量比为:盐酸春雷霉素10-15质量份,小檗碱0.1-0.3质量份,维生素C0.1-0.3质量份,抗菌肽0.1-0.3质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.01-0.05质量份,维生素E0.01-0.03质量份,丁香酚0.01-0.03质量份,表面活性剂0.01-0.03质量份,甘油3-5质量份,抗菌精油0.1-0.3质量份。在实验发现加入小檗碱具有协同作用,抑杀有害病菌。
进一步地,所述乳浊液的制备过程包括以下步骤:
制备水性溶液:向盐酸春雷霉素饱和溶液中加入维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸,混合均匀后得到水性溶液;
制备甘油溶液:将生物表面活性剂和维生素E加入甘油中,混合均匀,得到甘油混合溶液;
制备乳浊液:将水性溶液、甘油剂、硫磺粉、抗菌精油均匀混合,得到乳浊液。
进一步地,所述抗菌肽为天蚕素。
区别于现有技术,上述技术方案提供了已知化合物春雷霉素的一种新用途,将春雷霉素运用于抗菌药物,特别是脚气药物中,在使用中见效快,抗药性低,治疗脚气的周期短。发明人所选用的组分含量,制作的顺序和工艺。可以使得产品相互协同稳定,提高存储时间,而不容易降解失效。药物组合物可对引起脚气的真菌和细菌达到双重抑菌的效果,副反应小,使用方便。
附图说明
图1为春雷霉素化学结构图。
图2为蜡样芽孢杆菌检测结果图,A为实施例1,B为硫磺粉,C为实施例4,D为春雷霉素。
图3为须癣毛癣菌检测结果图,A为实施例1,B为丁香酚,C为实施例4,D为春雷霉素。
图4为白色念珠菌检测结果图,A为硫磺粉,B为丁香酚,C为实施例4,D为抗菌肽。
具体实施方式
为详细说明技术方案的技术内容、构造特征、所实现目的及效果,以下结合具体实施例详予说明。
天蚕素(cecropins)是第一个被发现的动物抗菌肽,1980年,由Boman等从天蚕蛹中分离得到。该类多肽抗生素一般含有37~39个氨基酸残基,不含半胱氨酸,其N端区域具有强碱性,可形成近乎完美的双亲螺旋结构,而在C端区域可形成疏水螺旋,两者之间有甘氨酸和脯氨酸形成的铰链区,多数多肽的C端被酰胺化,酰胺化对其抗菌活性具有重要作用。天蚕素(cecropins)对革兰氏阳性菌、部分革兰氏阴性菌具有很强的杀伤力,而对真菌和真核细胞没有毒性。抑菌试验表明抗菌肽CAD对畜禽主要致病菌沙门氏杆菌、大肠杆菌、粪肠球菌、粪链球菌、金黄色葡糖球菌等12种病菌具有很强的杀伤作用,但是对乳酸杆菌、双歧杆菌等有益菌没有伤害。
丁香酚,是无色或苍黄色液体,有强烈的丁香香气,不溶于水,主要用于抗菌;也可用于香水香精以及各种化妆品香精和皂用香精配方中,还可以用于食用香精的调配。丁香酚天然存在于丁香油、丁香罗勒油以及肉桂油等精油中,为无色至淡黄色稠性油状液体,具有强烈的丁香香气和辛香香气。丁香具有抑菌作用,含有1%浓度的丁香的乙醚浸出液,水浸液或含8%浓度的丁香煎剂的沙伯氏培养基,对许兰氏黄癣菌、白色念球菌等多种致病性真菌均有抑制作用。丁香油及丁香酚在试管内对布氏杆菌、鸟型结核杆菌的抑制作用较强,对常见的致病性真菌有显著的抑制作用,在1:2000~1:8000浓度时,对金黄色葡萄球菌,肺炎、痢疾、大肠、变形等杆菌均有抑菌作用。在香料上可作木香型和东方型香精的定香剂和修饰剂。丁香酚是配制丁香、香石竹香型香精的主香剂。在薄荷型、坚果型、辛香型食品香精及烟草香精中也经常使用。也可用于合成香兰素。在医药、口腔卫生用品中亦用之。丁香酚收载于美国FEMA2467;美国FDA批准用于食品。我国《食品添加剂使用卫生标准》(GB2760—1996)规定:可按生产需要用于配制食品香精。
壳寡糖又叫壳聚寡糖、低聚壳聚糖,是将壳聚糖经特殊的生物酶技术(也有使用化学降解、微波降解技术的报道)降解得到的一种聚合度在2-20之间寡糖产品,分子量≤3200Da,是水溶性较好、功能作用大、生物活性高的低分子量产品。它具有壳聚糖所没有的较高溶解度,全溶于水,容易被生物体吸收利用等诸多独特的功能,其作用为壳聚糖的14倍。壳寡糖是自然界中唯一带正电荷阳离子碱性氨基低聚糖,是动物性纤维素。壳寡糖是由来源于虾蟹壳的壳聚糖降解成的带有氨基的小分子寡糖,是聚合度2-20的糖链。
L-焦谷氨酸在人类皮肤中含有一种保湿功能的水溶性物质——天然保湿因子,其组成大致为氨基酸(含40%)、焦谷氨酸(含12%)、无机盐类(Na、K、Ca、Mg等含18.5%)、其它有机物(含29.5%)。所以,焦谷氨酸是皮肤天然保湿因子的主要组分之一,其保湿能力远超过甘油及丙二醇等。且无毒、无刺激,是现代护肤、护发化妆品的优良原料。焦谷氨酸还对酪氨酸氧化酶的活性有抑制作用,从而阻止“类黑素”物质在皮肤中沉积,对皮肤具有增白作用。对角质有软化作用,可用于指甲化妆品。除在化妆品中应用外,L-焦谷氨酸还可与其它一些有机化合物生成衍生物,在表面活性、透明光亮作用等方面具有特殊功效。也可用作表面活性剂,用于洗涤剂;化学试剂,用于外消旋胺的拆分;有机中间体。
表面活性剂Surfactin和/或Fengycin(表面活性肽)是由一类芽孢菌(Bacillussubtilis)发酵生产的环状肽生物表面活性剂脂肽,具有杀菌作用,同时具有很好的表面活性剂作用。被广泛应用在食品工业、环境工业作为良好的生物相容性表面活性剂。这种生物表面活性剂是由氨基酸组成的环状肽结构,并且因为其结构的特殊性,展现了各种各样的独特性能,其中包括从3ppm的浓度开始就表现出表面活性。除此之外,该表面活性剂与SDS或LAS等其他的表面活性剂复配,还能大幅度提高其他表面活性剂的效果。是人类—环境友好的天然表面活性剂,并具有抗炎作用,安全、减少刺激,与其他成分形成油性水凝胶。研究表明Fengycin还具有抗真菌的活性。
小檗碱亦称黄连素,是从中药黄连中分离的一种季铵生物碱抗菌成分,黄连素能对抗病原微生物,对多种细菌如痢疾杆菌、结核杆菌、肺炎球菌、伤寒杆菌及白喉杆菌等都有抑制作用,其中对痢疾杆菌作用最强,常用来治疗细菌性胃肠炎、痢疾等消化道疾病。
实施例1:可溶性固体分散剂制备:
称量:春雷霉素13质量份,β环糊精14质量份,维生素C0.2质量份,抗菌肽(天蚕素)0.2质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.03质量份,丁香酚0.02质量份,硫磺粉0.02质量份,赋形剂(壳寡糖)0.2质量份,分散剂(氧化锌)0.02质量份,乙醇9质量份,抗菌精油0.2质量份。
制备为浓度为11%的春雷霉素溶液,加入β环糊精饱和溶液中进行包合,包合温度为45℃,包合时间为2.5h,得到含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液;
将含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液中加入维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸、溶解丁香酚的乙醇溶液(提前将丁香酚溶解与乙醇),混合均匀后,再加入硫磺粉、赋形剂和分散剂,混合均匀后在60-80℃干燥5-6h后,得到固态混合物,向固态混合物中均匀混入抗菌精油,得到固体分散剂。
实施例2:可溶性固体分散剂制备:
称量:春雷霉素10质量份,β环糊精10质量份,维生素C0.1质量份,抗菌肽(天蚕素)0.1质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.01质量份,丁香酚0.01质量份,硫磺粉0.01质量份,赋形剂(壳寡糖)0.1质量份,分散剂(氧化锌)0.01质量份,乙醇8质量份,抗菌精油0.1质量份。
制备为浓度为10%的春雷霉素溶液,并加入β环糊精饱和溶液中进行包合,包合温度为40℃,包合时间为3h,得到含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液;
将含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液中加入维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸、溶解丁香酚的乙醇溶液(提前将丁香酚溶解与乙醇),混合均匀后,再加入硫磺粉、赋形剂和分散剂,混合均匀后在60-80℃干燥5-6h后,得到固态混合物,向固态混合物中均匀混入抗菌精油,得到固体分散剂。
实施例3:可溶性固体分散剂制备:
称量:春雷霉素15质量份,β环糊精15质量份,维生素C0.3质量份,抗菌肽(天蚕素)0.3质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.05质量份,丁香酚0.03质量份,硫磺粉0.03质量份,赋形剂(壳寡糖)0.3质量份,分散剂(氧化锌)0.03质量份,乙醇10质量份、抗菌精油0.3质量份。
制备为浓度为12%的春雷霉素溶液,并加入β环糊精饱和溶液中进行包合,包合温度为50℃,包合时间为2h,得到含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液;
将含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液中加入维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸、溶解丁香酚的乙醇溶液,混合均匀后,再加入硫磺粉、赋形剂和分散剂,混合均匀后在60-80℃干燥5-6h后,得到固态混合物,向固态混合物中均匀混入抗菌精油,得到固体分散剂。
实施例4:乳浊液制备:
称量:盐酸春雷霉素12质量份,小檗碱0.2质量份,维生素C0.2质量份,抗菌肽(天蚕素)0.2质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.03质量份,维生素E0.02质量份,丁香酚0.02质量份,表面活性剂0.02质量份,甘油4质量份,抗菌精油0.2质量份。
制备水性溶液:质量百分比浓度为11%盐酸春雷霉素溶液中加入小檗碱、维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸,混合均匀后得到水性溶液;
制备甘油溶液:将生物表面活性剂和维生素E加入甘油中,混合均匀,得到甘油混合溶液;
制备乳浊液:将水性溶液、甘油剂、硫磺粉、抗菌精油均匀混合,得到乳浊液。
实施例5:乳浊液制备:
称量:盐酸春雷霉素10质量份,维生素C0.1质量份,小檗碱0.1质量份、抗菌肽(天蚕素)0.1质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.01质量份,维生素E0.01质量份,丁香酚0.01质量份,表面活性剂0.01质量份,甘油3质量份、抗菌精油0.1质量份。
制备水性溶液:质量百分比浓度为10%的盐酸春雷霉素溶液中加入小檗碱、维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸,混合均匀后得到水性溶液;
制备甘油溶液:将生物表面活性剂和维生素E加入甘油中,混合均匀,得到甘油混合溶液;
制备乳浊液:将水性溶液、甘油剂、硫磺粉、抗菌精油均匀混合,得到乳浊液。
实施例6:乳浊液制备:
称量:盐酸春雷霉素15质量份,维生素C0.3质量份,小檗碱0.3质量份,抗菌肽(天蚕素)0.3质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.05质量份,维生素E0.03质量份,丁香酚0.03质量份,表面活性剂0.03质量份,甘油5质量份,抗菌精油0.3质量份。
制备水性溶液:质量百分比浓度为12%的盐酸春雷霉素溶液中加入小檗碱、维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸,混合均匀后得到水性溶液;
制备甘油溶液:将生物表面活性剂和维生素E加入甘油中,混合均匀,得到甘油混合溶液;
制备乳浊液:将水性溶液、甘油剂、硫磺粉、抗菌精油均匀混合,得到乳浊液。
通过实施例1可溶性固体分散剂和实施例4制备的乳浊液,稀释100倍后,通过快速纸片法进行抗菌试验以及采用管碟法(牛津杯法)进行抗真菌试验。检测菌选用:金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、灰霉菌、白色念珠菌、红色毛癣菌及须藓毛藓菌。
结果显示:金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、灰霉菌、白色念珠菌、红色毛癣菌及须藓毛藓菌均被有效抑制,说明实施例制备的产品具有广谱抗菌效果。
下表为部分抑菌结果对照表:
| 丁香酚 | 硫磺粉 | 抗菌肽 | 小檗碱 | 春雷霉素 | 实施例1 | 实施例4 | |
| 金黄色葡萄球菌 | ++ | + | +++ | ++ | + | ++++ | ++++ |
| 蜡样芽孢杆菌 | +++ | + | ++++ | +++ | ++ | +++++ | +++++ |
| 灰霉菌 | + | ++ | + | + | +++ | ++++ | ++++ |
| 白色念珠菌 | + | ++ | + | ++ | +++ | ++++ | ++++ |
| 红色毛癣菌 | + | ++ | + | + | +++ | ++++ | ++++ |
| 须藓毛藓菌 | + | ++ | + | + | +++ | +++++ | +++++ |
以上结果为在同等剂量浓度下的抑制情况(+数表示抑菌活性大小)
图2为蜡样芽孢杆菌检测结果图,由图中可见不同抑菌圈,A为实施例1可溶性固体分散剂,B为硫磺粉,C为实施例4,D为春雷霉素;
图3为须癣毛癣菌检测结果图,由图中可见,A为实施例1可溶性固体分散剂,B为丁香酚,C为实施例4,D为春雷霉素。
图4为白色念珠菌检测结果图,由图中可见,A硫磺粉,B为丁香酚,C为实施例4,D为抗菌肽。
同时,将实施例1制备的可溶性固体分散剂对40个有脚气问题的受试者进行试验,要求以上受试者每人每天使用乳浊液稀释100倍后配置泡脚水,并使用配置好的泡脚水进行10分钟的泡脚,在使用7天后,各种细菌以及真菌引起的症状均减轻90%,95%的感染者在症状完全消失后一个月内都没有复发迹象。同时,60%以上的受试者反应用实施例1制备的可溶性固体分散剂稀释后泡脚能迅速止痒,促进脚部和指甲的健康生长,同时对脚气,湿疹,皮廯和灰指甲以内的症状都有明显缓解效果。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者终端设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者终端设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括……”或“包含……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者终端设备中还存在另外的要素。此外,在本文中,“大于”、“小于”、“超过”等理解为不包括本数;“以上”、“以下”、“以内”等理解为包括本数。
需要说明的是,尽管在本文中已经对上述各实施例进行了描述,但并非因此限制本发明的专利保护范围。因此,基于本发明的创新理念,对本文所述实施例进行的变更和修改,或利用本发明说明书内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,直接或间接地将以上技术方案运用在其他相关的技术领域,均包括在本发明的专利保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.春雷霉素在制备抗菌药物中的用途。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述抗菌药物为治疗脚气药物。
3.一种抗菌药物组合物,其特征在于,其中含有春雷霉素可溶性化合物或其可药用盐或络合物作为有效成分。
4.根据权利要求3所述的抗菌药物组合物,其特征在于,所述药物组合物包括可溶性固体分散剂和乳浊液。
5.根据权利要求4所述的抗菌药物组合物,其特征在于,所述可溶性固体分散剂包含组分成分及其重量比为:春雷霉素10-15质量份,β环糊精10-15质量份,维生素C 0.1-0.3质量份,抗菌肽0.1-0.3质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.01-0.05质量份,丁香酚0.01-0.03质量份,硫磺粉0.01-0.03质量份,赋形剂0.1-0.3质量份,分散剂0.01-0.03质量份,乙醇8-10质量份,抗菌精油0.1-0.3质量份。
6.根据权利要求5所述的抗菌药物组合物,其特征在于,所述可溶性固体分散剂的制备包括以下步骤:
将质量百分比浓度为10-12%的春雷霉素溶液,加入β环糊精饱和溶液中进行包合,包合温度为40-50℃,包合时间为2-3h,得到含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液;
将含有春雷霉素-β环糊精二元复合物的溶液中加入维生素C、抗菌肽、L焦谷氨酸、溶解丁香酚的乙醇溶液,混合均匀后,再加入硫磺粉、赋形剂和分散剂,混合均匀后在60-80℃干燥5-6h后,得到固态混合物,向固态混合物中均匀混入抗菌精油,得到固体分散剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的抗菌药物组合物,其特征在于,所述赋形剂包括壳寡糖或几丁质;所述分散剂包括氧化锌。
8.根据权利要求4所述的抗菌药物组合物,其特征在于,所述乳浊液包含组分成分及其重量比为:盐酸春雷霉素10-15质量份,小檗碱0.1-0.3质量份,维生素C 0.1-0.3质量份,抗菌肽0.1-0.3质量份,L焦谷氨酸0.01-0.05质量份,维生素E 0.01-0.03质量份,丁香酚0.01-0.03质量份,表面活性剂0.01-0.03质量份,甘油3-5质量份,抗菌精油0.1-0.3质量份。
9.根据权利要求8所述的抗菌药物组合物,其特征在于,所述乳浊液的制备过程包括以下步骤:
制备水性溶液:向质量百分比浓度为10-12%盐酸春雷霉素溶液中加入小檗碱、维生素C、抗菌肽和L焦谷氨酸,混合均匀后得到水性溶液;
制备甘油溶液:将生物表面活性剂和维生素E加入甘油中,混合均匀,得到甘油混合溶液;
制备乳浊液:将水性溶液、甘油剂、硫磺粉和抗菌精油均匀混合,得到乳浊液。
10.根据权利要求5-9任一所述的抗菌药物组合物,其特征在于,所述抗菌肽为天蚕素。
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