CN1096538C - Electronically controlled hydraulically-driven common-pipe (tracl) air inlet and exhaustion system for IC engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an electronically controlled common pipe (rail) hydraulically driven intake and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine. It is composed of intake and exhaust devices, hydraulic control devices, electronic control units, etc. According to the internal combustion engine's speed, load, boost pressure, atmospheric temperature, atmospheric humidity and other parameters and the characteristics of the internal combustion engine, the valve timing of the internal combustion engine can be flexibly adjusted to optimize it under various working conditions, thereby improving the internal combustion engine. performance and emissions. Especially suitable for four-stroke diesel engines.

Description

Intake and exhaust systems of internal combustion engines driven by electronically controlled common pipe (rail) hydraulic pressure

The present invention relates to an intake and exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, in particular to a kind of intake and exhaust system of a mechanical internal combustion engine that can be used to replace a traditional cam drive, especially to an electronically controlled common pipe (rail) for a four-stroke diesel engine ) hydraulically driven intake and exhaust systems.

The intake and exhaust timing and its duration angle of an internal combustion engine have a great influence on its fuel economy, power and emission performance. A good intake and exhaust timing and its continuation angle will greatly improve the power performance, economic performance and emission performance of the internal combustion engine. Especially in high-charged diesel engines, since the cam profile cannot change with the working conditions, it is impossible to optimize its performance in the full range of working conditions. In some published patents, such as US4930464, US5456221, US5193495, US2930464, etc., some electronically controlled, hydraulically or pneumatically driven valve devices have been developed to realize the hydraulic or pneumatic electronic control of intake and exhaust timing. control. But they generally have some problems, or they need to drill holes on the cylinder head to arrange air passages or oil passages, so that the structure of the original engine, especially the cylinder head, has been changed too much; or it is necessary to use two working fluids (gas and hydraulic oil) The system is too complicated; or it is too expensive to use more than two solenoid valves and one-way valves to realize the control of a group of intake and exhaust valves. In a word, its structure is complex, difficult to control, and it is difficult to refit the existing traditional non-electrically controlled internal combustion engine to an electronically controlled internal combustion engine.

The object of the present invention is to provide an internal combustion engine that can flexibly adjust the valve timing of the internal combustion engine according to the operating conditions such as the speed and load of the internal combustion engine, so that it can be optimized under various operating conditions, thereby improving the internal combustion engine. High-performance intake and exhaust systems driven by electronically controlled common pipe (rail) hydraulic pressure.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved like this:

The invention includes an air intake and exhaust device consisting of an air valve rod, an air valve seat, a spring plate, a return spring, and a cylinder head, and an oil tank, a pump, a safety valve, a power piston, a power piston chamber, an oil hole, a solenoid valve, and a return valve. The hydraulic control device composed of oil pipes is characterized in that:

Also includes electronic control unit;

The hydraulic control device above the gas valve stem also includes a buffer piston, a buffer piston cavity, a push rod, a push rod cavity, a compression stud, an upper casing, a positioning block, and a high-pressure common pipe;

The power piston, the buffer piston and the ejector rod respectively form a sliding pair with the power piston chamber, the buffer piston chamber and the ejector rod chamber, and reciprocate therein respectively. The power piston is in contact with the buffer piston at the bottom surface, and the buffer piston is in contact with the ejector rod at the bottom surface. The push rod is in contact with the gas valve stem at the lower end surface. The buffer piston divides the buffer piston chamber into two parts, an upper chamber and a lower chamber (buffer chamber); an air hole and an air hole are respectively arranged on the upper top and the middle part of the buffer piston chamber.

One end of the air hole on the upper top of the buffer piston chamber communicates with the atmosphere, and the other end communicates with the upper chamber, which keeps the upper chamber in communication with the atmosphere, so that the movement of the buffer piston will not be affected by pressure changes in the chamber.

One end of the air hole in the middle of the buffer piston cavity communicates with the atmosphere, and the other end communicates with the lower cavity (buffer cavity). When the power piston drives the buffer piston and the air valve to move downward so that the lower edge of the buffer piston covers the hole, the lower cavity forms a buffer sealing cavity. The air in the buffer cavity is compressed, and the pressure gradually increases with the increase of the opening area of the air valve. In this way, when the buffer piston goes down until the lower edge touches the bottom surface of the buffer cavity, the pressure in the buffer cavity can already provide a better buffer force for the buffer piston, thereby reducing the mechanical impact of the lower edge of the buffer piston on the bottom surface of the buffer cavity . Since the pressure in the buffer chamber acts on the lower end surface of the buffer piston, the closing speed of the gas valve can be accelerated during the process of closing the gas valve.

The compression stud is connected with the upper casing. Therefore, the positioning block, the upper housing, the power piston and the sleeve form the hydraulic drive chamber of the power piston. An oil hole is arranged on the cavity wall, one end of the oil hole communicates with the hydraulic drive cavity, and the other end communicates with the drive port of the solenoid valve.

The bottom of the ejector rod is provided with a residual hole, one end of which communicates with the atmosphere at the lower end surface, and the other end communicates with the buffer chamber when the air valve is in the closed position. At this time, the air hole in the middle of the buffer piston chamber is also communicating with the atmosphere, and the water and oil in the buffer chamber can be discharged through the residual hole, while in other states, they are blocked by the ejector rod chamber of the lower casing, so that the oil can be kept The buffer cavity is sealed when the air valve moves.

There are three channels on the solenoid valve: drive port, oil supply port and oil return port. The oil supply port is connected to the high-pressure common pipe, and the oil return port is connected to the oil tank. In this way, when receiving the control signal from the electronic control unit, the solenoid valve selectively connects the drive port with the oil supply port or the oil return port to perform the opening and closing actions of the air valve.

The working oil pressure in the high-pressure common pipe is provided by the pump and controlled by the electronic control unit. The safety valve is connected between the outlet of the pump and the oil return pipe, and the oil is discharged into the oil tank when the system oil pressure exceeds a certain pressure.

The electronic control unit is composed of single-chip microcomputer, program memory, data memory, data drive chip, latch, decoder, keyboard and display controller, digital tube, sensor and so on.

The single-chip microcomputer is connected with the latch, the program memory, the data memory and the keyboard display controller through the P3 and P4 ports. The decoder decodes the upper 5 bits of the 16-bit address line, through the pin CS1 strobes data memory, via pin CS2 Strobe Display and Keyboard Controller, via pin CS1 strobes program memory. The keyboard and the display controller are respectively connected to four digital tubes through pins OUTA0-OUTA3 and pins OUTB0-OUTB3.

The pin HSI.1 of the microcontroller is connected to the speed sensor, the pin ACH0 is connected to the load sensor, the pin HSI.2 is connected to the top dead center position sensor, the pin ACH1 is connected to the boost pressure sensor, and the pin ACH2 It is connected with the atmospheric temperature sensor, the pin ACH3 is connected with the atmospheric humidity sensor, and the pin HSI.3 is connected with the displacement sensor. The pin HSO.1 of the one-chip computer provides the control signal of the intake valve, and the pin HSO.2 provides the control signal of the exhaust valve.

The electronic control unit can sense the signals from the speed sensor, load sensor, and top dead center position sensor in real time, and obtain an ideal intake and exhaust timing according to the obtained speed and load signals and the map stored in the data memory. At the same time, feel the boost pressure signal from the boost pressure sensor, and determine a corresponding correction value from this signal and the boost pressure correction value map stored in the data memory, and then calculate the correction value Add it to the reference value; feel the atmospheric temperature and humidity signals sent by the atmospheric temperature sensor and the atmospheric humidity sensor, and determine a corresponding correction value from this signal and the atmospheric state correction value map stored in the data memory, which will be This correction value is also added to the reference value, so as to obtain the final expected value of the intake and exhaust timing, and thus determine the actual value of the pulse time and pulse width of the drive signal sent to the solenoid valve, and drive the solenoid valve with this actual value. The valve realizes the opening and closing of the air valve. The electronic control unit can also sense the signal of the valve lift from the displacement sensor and display it through the digital tube.

When the solenoid valve receives the valve opening signal from the electronic control unit, the oil supply port is connected to the drive port, and the working oil enters the drive chamber, and the hydraulic pressure acting on the upper end surface of the power piston drives the power piston, buffer piston, and ejector rod. And the air valve moves downward against the pre-tightening force of the return spring to complete the action of opening the valve. When the lower edge of the buffer piston touches the lower bottom surface of the buffer piston cavity, the air valve stops moving and remains fully open.

When the electromagnetic valve receives the signal that the gas valve of the electronic control unit is closed, the drive port is no longer connected to the oil supply port, but is connected to the oil return port. Under the action of the spring force of the return spring, the air valve discharges the working oil in the drive chamber to the oil tank through the drive port and the oil return port, so that the air valve, the power piston, the buffer piston and the ejector rod move upward together to complete the closing of the air valve. The action of the valve and keep the air valve closed.

When the solenoid valve receives the valve opening signal from the electronic control unit again, it enters the next cycle of opening and closing the valve.

The present invention has the following characteristics because only hydraulic oil is used: for each air valve to be driven, there is a driving chamber and a hydraulically driven power piston. This moves the power piston to open the air valve. It retains the return spring of the air valve, so that the air valve can complete the closing action. The system is also equipped with a buffer device, so that the power piston can stop moving when it moves to the maximum lift of the air valve without great impact. The present invention can determine the scheduled intake and exhaust timings according to the engine speed, load and other signals collected by the electronic control unit and the characteristics of the engine, and then correct them according to atmospheric conditions and other parameters to obtain the best timing under actual working conditions. Open and close the timing and continuous angle, and then send the control signal to the solenoid valve to control the flow direction of the liquid fluid, drive the power piston and the air valve to complete its opening and closing. In this way, flexible control of the valve timing and its duration angle can be realized.

The present invention has a driving chamber and a hydraulically driven power piston for each gas valve to be driven. Because there is no need to drill holes on the cylinder head to arrange oil passages, and only use hydraulic oil as a working fluid and a solenoid valve, it has the advantages of simple structure, easy modification, low cost, and easy control. The present invention can determine the scheduled intake and exhaust timings according to the engine speed, load and other signals collected by the electronic control unit and the characteristics of the engine, and then correct them according to atmospheric conditions and other parameters to obtain the best timing under actual working conditions. Open and close the timing and continuous angle, and then send the control signal to the solenoid valve to control the flow direction of the liquid fluid, drive the power piston and the air valve to complete its opening and closing. In this way, flexible control of the valve timing and its duration angle can be realized.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is described in more detail:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the diesel engine intake and exhaust system driven by the common pipe (rail) hydraulic pressure of electronic control;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram when the air valve of the diesel engine intake and exhaust system driven by electronically controlled co-pipe (rail) hydraulic pressure is opened;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram when the air valve of the diesel engine intake and exhaust system driven by electronically controlled co-pipe (rail) hydraulic pressure is closed;

Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the electronic control unit of the diesel engine intake and exhaust system driven by electronically controlled co-pipe (rail) hydraulic pressure;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the electronic control unit of the diesel engine intake and exhaust system driven by electronically controlled common pipe (rail) hydraulic pressure.

Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in further detail:

The present invention comprises the intake and exhaust device that is made up of gas valve stem 50, gas valve seat 65, spring plate 70, return spring 80, cylinder head 60, by fuel tank 3, pump 5, safety valve 6, power piston 25, power piston Chamber 26, oil hole 29, solenoid valve 34, hydraulic control device composed of oil return pipe 52, electronic control unit 4.

The hydraulic control device is above the gas valve stem 50, and also includes a buffer piston 18, a buffer piston chamber 11, a push rod 15, a push rod chamber 41, a compression stud 46, an upper casing 24, a positioning block 27, and a high-pressure common pipe 48 .

The power piston 25, buffer piston 18 and ejector rod 15 form a sliding pair with the power piston chamber 26, buffer piston chamber 11 and ejector rod chamber 41 respectively; contact with the ejector rod 15; the ejector rod 15 is in contact with the valve stem 50 at the lower end surface 51; the buffer piston 18 divides the buffer piston chamber 11 into two parts: the upper chamber 49 and the lower chamber (buffer chamber) 42; in the buffer piston chamber 11 Air holes 21 and air holes 12 are respectively provided on the upper top and the middle part.

The compression stud 46 is connected with the upper housing 24; the positioning block 27, the upper housing 24, the power piston 25 and the sleeve 32 form the hydraulic drive chamber 38 of the power piston 25; on the chamber wall 33, an oil hole 29 is arranged, One end 31 of the oil hole 29 communicates with the hydraulic drive cavity 38 , and the other end 30 communicates with the drive port 35 of the solenoid valve 34 .

The bottom of the push rod 15 is provided with a residual hole 16, one end of which communicates with the atmosphere at 51, and the other end communicates with the lower chamber (buffer chamber) 42 when the air valve 40 is in the closed position.

The solenoid valve 34 is provided with three passages: the drive port 35, the oil supply port 36 and the oil return port 37; the oil supply port 36 is connected to the high-pressure common pipe 48, and the oil return port 37 is connected to the fuel tank 3; the safety valve 6 is connected to the pump 5 between the outlet 53 and the oil return pipe 52.

The electronic control unit 4 includes a single-chip microcomputer 71, a program memory 72, a data memory 73, a latch 74, a decoder 75, a keyboard and a display controller 76, a nixie tube 77, a rotational speed sensor 81, a load sensor 82, and a top dead center position sensor 83 Boost pressure sensor 84 Atmospheric temperature sensor 85, Atmospheric humidity sensor 86, Displacement sensor 87, 8-bit data line 78 (D0-D7), 16-bit address line 79 (AD0-AD15).

Single-chip microcomputer 71 is connected with latch 74, program memory 72, data memory 73 and keyboard display controller 76 by 719 (P3, P4 mouth, AD0～AD15); 753 (AD11～AD15) for decoding, through 751 (pin CS1) strobe data memory 73, by 752 (pin CS2) strobe display and keyboard controller 76, through 753 (pin CS1) strobe program memory 74; keyboard and display controller 76 are connected with four digital tubes 77 through 761 (pins OUTA0～OUTA3) and 762 (pins OUTB0～OUTB3) respectively;

Rotational speed sensor 81 is connected with 711 (pin HSI. 2) connected, boost pressure sensor 84 is connected with 714 (pin ACH1) of single-chip microcomputer 71, atmospheric temperature sensor 85 is connected with 715 (pin ACH2) of single-chip microcomputer 71, atmospheric humidity sensor 86 is connected with 716 (pin ACH2) of single-chip microcomputer 71 Pin ACH3) is connected, displacement sensor 87 is connected with 710 (pin HSI.3) of single-chip microcomputer 71; intake valve control signal 88 is provided by 717 (pin HSO.1) of single-chip microcomputer 71, and exhaust valve control signal 89 is provided by 718 (pin HSO.2) of microcontroller 71.

Claims (1)

1, the hydraulically powered inlet and exhaust system of the electronically controlled condominium of a kind of usefulness (rail), comprise the intake and exhaust device formed by air valve stem (50), air valve seat (65), spring holder (70), return spring (80), cylinder head (60), by the hydraulic control device that fuel tank (3), pump (5), safety valve (6), power piston (25), power piston chamber (26), oilhole (29), solenoid valve (34), return tube (52) are formed, it is characterized in that:

A. also comprise electronic control unit (4);

B. described hydraulic control device also comprises damper piston (18), damper piston chamber (11), push rod (15), push rod chamber (41), compresses double-screw bolt (46), upper shell (24), positioning block (27), the shared pipe of high pressure (48);

B1. power piston (25), damper piston (18) and push rod (15) respectively with power

Piston cavity (26), damper piston chamber (11) and push rod chamber (41) form sliding pair;

Power piston (25) in the bottom surface (20) locate to contact with damper piston (18), slow

Towards piston (18) in the bottom surface (19) locate to contact with push rod (15); Push rod (15)

(51) are located to contact with air valve stem (50) in the lower end surface; Damper piston (18) will delay

Be divided into epicoele (49) and cavity of resorption (buffer cavity) (42) two towards piston cavity thorax (11)

Part; Upper top and middle part in damper piston chamber (11) are respectively equipped with pore (21)

And pore (12);

B2. compressing double-screw bolt (46) is connected with upper shell (24); Positioning block (27), on

Housing (24), power piston (25) form power piston (25) with sleeve (32)

Hydraulic driving chamber (38); On chamber wall (33), be furnished with an oilhole (29),

One end (31) of oilhole (29) is communicated with the other end with hydraulic driving chamber (38)

(30) be connected with the driving mouth (35) of solenoid valve (34);

B3. the bottom of the push rod of described hydraulic control device (15) is provided with one and puts residual hole

(16), its end locates to be communicated with atmosphere in (51), and the other end is then when air valve (40)

When closed position, be communicated with cavity of resorption (buffer cavity) (42);

B4. be furnished with on the solenoid valve of described hydraulic control device (34) drive mouthful (35),

(37) three passages of oil-feed port (36) and return opening; Oil-feed port (36) is with high

Press shared pipe (48) to connect, return opening (37) is connected to fuel tank (3); Safety valve

(6) be connected across between the outlet (53) and return tube (52) of pump (5);

C. described electronic control unit (4) comprises single-chip microcomputer (71), program storage (72), data storage (73), latch (74), decoder (75), keyboard and display controller (76), nixie tube (77), speed probe (81), load sensor (82), upper dead center position sensor (83) boost-pressure sensor (84) atmosphere temperature transducer (85), atmospheric moisture sensor (86), displacement transducer (87), 8 position datawires (78) (D0～D7), 16 bit address lines (79) (AD0～AD15);

C1. single-chip microcomputer (71) is by (719) (P3, P4 mouth, AD0～AD15) and lock

Storage (74), program storage (72), data storage (73) and keyboard show

Show that controller (76) is connected; Decoder (75) is to 16 bit address lines (79)

High 5 753 (AD11～AD15) decipher is by (751 (pins

CS1) gated data storage (73) is by (752) (pin CS2) gating

Show and KBC (76), by (753) (pin CS1) gating program

Storage (74); Keyboard and display controller (76) (draw by (761) respectively

Pin OUTA0～OUTA3) and (762) (pin OUTB0～OUTB3) with four

Individual nixie tube (77) is connected;

C2. (711) (pin HSI.1) of speed probe (81) and single-chip microcomputer (71)

Be connected (712) (pin of load sensor (82) and single-chip microcomputer (71)

ACH0) be connected, upper dead center position sensor (83) and single-chip microcomputer (71)

(713) (pin HSI.2) is connected, boost-pressure sensor (84) and single-chip microcomputer

(71) (714) (pin ACH1) are connected, atmosphere temperature transducer (85)

Be connected with (715) (pin ACH2) of single-chip microcomputer (71), atmospheric moisture passes

Sensor (86) is connected with (716) (pin ACH3) of single-chip microcomputer (71),

(710) (pin HSI.3) of displacement transducer (87) and single-chip microcomputer (71) mutually

Connect; Suction valve control signal (88) (is drawn by (717) of single-chip microcomputer (71)

Pin HSO.1) provide, outlet valve control signal (89) is by single-chip microcomputer (71)

(718) (pin HSO.2) provides.

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