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CN109627005A - A method of calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics is prepared by the vacuum heating-press sintering of auxiliary agent of lithium fluoride - Google Patents

A method of calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics is prepared by the vacuum heating-press sintering of auxiliary agent of lithium fluoride Download PDF

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CN109627005A
CN109627005A CN201811564702.7A CN201811564702A CN109627005A CN 109627005 A CN109627005 A CN 109627005A CN 201811564702 A CN201811564702 A CN 201811564702A CN 109627005 A CN109627005 A CN 109627005A
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fluoride
powder
sintering
ceramics
calcium fluoride
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刘作冬
贾梦盈
高琪
位孟军
董鹏月
井强山
刘鹏
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Xinyang Normal University
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种以氟化锂为助剂的真空热压烧结制备氟化钙透明陶瓷的方法,包括以下步骤:1)粉末原料的准备;2)装样;3)透明陶瓷的烧结;4)陶瓷样品的处理,即得到氟化钙透明陶瓷。本发明的优势在于:对混合粉末采用超声分散,使氟化钙与氟化锂粉末充分混匀,在烧结过程中,所添加的氟化锂可以促进氟化钙粉末的致密化过程,利于氟化钙透明陶瓷的制备。本发明优化了氟化钙透明陶瓷的制备工艺。本发明制备出的氟化钙透明陶瓷具有很好的透明度。

This invention discloses a method for preparing transparent calcium fluoride ceramics by vacuum hot pressing sintering using lithium fluoride as an additive, comprising the following steps: 1) preparation of powder raw materials; 2) sample loading; 3) sintering of the transparent ceramics; and 4) processing of the ceramic sample to obtain transparent calcium fluoride ceramics. The advantages of this invention are: ultrasonic dispersion of the mixed powders ensures thorough mixing of calcium fluoride and lithium fluoride powders; during sintering, the added lithium fluoride promotes the densification process of the calcium fluoride powder, which is beneficial for the preparation of transparent calcium fluoride ceramics. This invention optimizes the preparation process of transparent calcium fluoride ceramics. The transparent calcium fluoride ceramics prepared by this invention have excellent transparency.

Description

It is a kind of to prepare calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics by the vacuum heating-press sintering of auxiliary agent of lithium fluoride Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to fluoride crystalline ceramics preparation fields, and specially one kind is using commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder as raw material, fluorine Change lithium is auxiliary agent, the method for preparing crystalline ceramics by vacuum heating-press sintering.
Background technique
Calcirm-fluoride (CaF2) with transmitance is high, refractive index is low, transmission peak wavelength range is wide and the superiority such as phonon energy is low Can, it is widely paid close attention to as optical material.Crystalline ceramics as a kind of novel optical material, not only have high temperature resistant, The advantages that corrosion-resistant and high-intensitive, there is not yet the cleavage surface in monocrystalline, and preparation process is also simpler compared to monocrystalline, tool Have broad application prospects.In recent years, the excellent calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics of exploitation processability becomes a big research hotspot.Mesh Before, preparing calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics mainly includes using calcirm-fluoride powder and using calcium fluoride mono crystal as two big approach of raw material.
It is being prepared in calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics technique using powder as raw material, the raw materials used fluorination mainly synthesized with chemical method Based on calcium powder.Synthesize calcirm-fluoride powder complexity crystalline ceramics preparation flow by chemical method has researcher to pass through in recent years With discharge plasma sintering technology (SPS), crystalline ceramics directly is prepared (referring to document F by raw material of commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder Nakamura, T Kato, G Okada, et al. Scintillation and dosimeter properties of CaF2 transparent ceramics doped with Nd3+ produced by SPS, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 37 (2017) 4919-4924).Process of this technique without chemical method synthesis calcirm-fluoride powder, but the ceramics sample prepared is variable Black, optical quality is lower.There is researcher to be separated powder raw material and graphite jig with one layer of refractory metal foil again, passes through electric discharge Plasma sintering prepares the good calcium fluoride ceramic of transparency (referring to document P Wang, M Yang, S Zhang, et al. Suppression of carbon contamination in SPSed CaF2 transparent ceramics by 37 (2017) 4103-4107 of Mo foil, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc.), but the crystalline ceramics prepared is easy to crack.Heat Pressure sintering is to prepare the most commonly used sintering technology of calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics at present, is sintered compared to discharge plasma, institute Need equipment simple, it is easy to operate.However, commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder is more much lower than the powder sintered activity that chemical method synthesizes, pass through The calcium fluoride ceramic that vacuum heating-press sintering is prepared is completely opaque (referring to document W Li, H Huang, B Mei, et al. Comparison of commercial and synthesized CaF2 powders for preparing 43 (2017) 10403-10409 of transparent ceramics, Ceram. Int.).
It is well known that often selecting suitable sintering aid in crystalline ceramics sintering process, promote the densification of powder Journey, and reduce sintering temperature.Lithium fluoride, chemical formula LiF, about 840 DEG C of fusing point, CaF2The eutectic point temperature of-LiF system is only There are 769 DEG C, and the ionic radius between Li and Ca differs larger.In calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics sintering process, lithium fluoride is selected For auxiliary agent, conducive to the densification process for promoting calcirm-fluoride powder.
Therefore, one kind is developed using commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder as raw material, and lithium fluoride is auxiliary agent, is prepared by vacuum heating-press sintering The method of calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics optimizes existing crystalline ceramics preparation process, has great importance.
Summary of the invention
To solve deficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind using lithium fluoride as auxiliary agent, commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder For raw material, the method that calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics is prepared by vacuum hot pressing sintering technique.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A method of calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics being prepared by the vacuum heating-press sintering of auxiliary agent of lithium fluoride, key step includes powder The preparation of raw material and the sintering of crystalline ceramics, specific steps include:
1) preparation of powder raw material: weighing the setting commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder of quality, adds appropriate fluorination lithium powder, anhydrous second is added Alcohol through ultrasonic disperse, is mixed, is dried for standby;
2) it fills sample: mixed-powder being fitted into graphite jig, and is separated mold and powder with graphite paper;
3) sintering of crystalline ceramics: the graphite jig filled is put into vacuum hotpressing stove and is sintered;
4) processing of ceramics sample: taking out ceramics after sintering, is processed by shot blasting sample to get transparent to calcirm-fluoride Ceramics.
Calcirm-fluoride used is commercially available with fluorination lithium powder in the step 1), wherein calcirm-fluoride purity >=99%, fluorination Lithium purity >=99.5%;
In the step 1) calcirm-fluoride and lithium fluoride mixed-powder, the content for adding fluorination lithium powder is 0.2wt%- 2.0wt%;
Step 1) the ultrasonic disperse time is 20min-60min;
Sintering method is vacuum heating-press sintering in the step 3), and sintering temperature is 700 DEG C -900 DEG C, and vacuum degree is better than 10Pa, pressure 30MPa-50MPa, soaking time 3h-8h.
Positive beneficial effect: for the present invention using lithium fluoride as auxiliary agent, commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder is raw material, is burnt by vacuum hotpressing Knot prepares calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics.Ultrasonic disperse is used to mixed-powder raw material, mixes calcirm-fluoride more with fluorination lithium powder Uniformly, during the sintering process, added lithium fluoride can promote the densification process of calcirm-fluoride powder, and it is transparent to be conducive to calcirm-fluoride The preparation of ceramics.The calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics that the present invention prepares has good transparency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder picture used in the present invention (800 times of amplification);
Fig. 2 is picture (amplification 50000 times) of the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder used in the present invention after ultrasonic disperse;
Fig. 3 is lithium fluoride powder picture used in the present invention (5000 times of amplification);
Fig. 4 is the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics picture prepared at 800 DEG C.
Specific embodiment
In order to better understand the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing, preferred embodiment is described in detail, but should not be with this It limits the scope of the invention.On the contrary, providing these examples is to explain and illustrate basic principle and reality of the invention Using to enable others skilled in the art to understand the present invention and make specific expected modification.If without especially saying Bright, the various raw materials and other consumptive materials used in the present invention can be commercially available by market.
Embodiment 1
1) preparation of powder raw material: weighing the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder of 5g, and addition fluorination lithium powder makes the content of lithium fluoride 2.0wt% is added dehydrated alcohol, so that dehydrated alcohol is flooded powder, be placed in ultrasonic cleaner and be ultrasonically treated 60min, then It mixes well, is put into baking oven and is dried for standby;
2) it fills sample: weighing the mixed-powder that 2g step 1) obtains, be fitted into the graphite jig that internal diameter is 16 mm, and use graphite paper Mold and mixed-powder are separated;
3) sintering of crystalline ceramics: the graphite jig filled is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, is evacuated to better than 10Pa, heating To 800 DEG C, then apply pressure 30MPa, keeps the temperature 3h;
4) processing of crystalline ceramics: after sintering, ceramics sample is taken out, after first being roughly ground with sand paper, then with polishing machine to sample It is processed by shot blasting to get to the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics being sintered at a temperature of 800 DEG C.
If Fig. 1 is commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder picture used in the present invention (800 times of amplification), powder raw material is agglomerated into partial size and is Tens microns of bulky grain.Fig. 2 is picture (amplification 50000 of the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder used in the present invention after ultrasonic disperse Times), it can be seen that the bulky grain in Fig. 1 is through ultrasonic disperse at the little particle of nano-scale.Fig. 3 is lithium fluoride used in the present invention Powder picture (5000 times of amplification), partial size is not more than 20 μm.Fig. 4 is the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics figure prepared at 800 DEG C Piece, ceramics have good transparency.
Embodiment 2
1) preparation of powder raw material: weighing the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder of 5g, and addition fluorination lithium powder makes the content of lithium fluoride 2.0wt% is added dehydrated alcohol, so that dehydrated alcohol is flooded powder, be placed in ultrasonic cleaner and be ultrasonically treated 60 min, so After mix well, be put into baking oven and be dried for standby;
2) it fills sample: weighing the mixed-powder that 2g step 1) obtains, be fitted into the graphite jig that internal diameter is 16 mm, and use graphite paper Mold and mixed-powder are separated;
3) sintering of crystalline ceramics: the graphite jig filled is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, is evacuated to better than 10Pa, heating To 700 DEG C, then apply pressure 30MPa, keeps the temperature 3h;
4) processing of crystalline ceramics: after sintering, ceramics sample is taken out, after first being roughly ground with sand paper, then with polishing machine to sample It is processed by shot blasting to get to the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics being sintered at a temperature of 700 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
1) preparation of powder raw material: weighing the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder of 5g, and addition fluorination lithium powder makes the content of lithium fluoride 2.0wt% is added dehydrated alcohol, so that dehydrated alcohol is flooded powder, be placed in ultrasonic cleaner and be ultrasonically treated 20min, then It mixes well, is put into baking oven and is dried for standby;
2) it fills sample: weighing the mixed-powder that 2g step 1) obtains, be fitted into the graphite jig that internal diameter is 16 mm, and use graphite paper Mold and mixed-powder are separated;
3) sintering of crystalline ceramics: the graphite jig filled is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, is evacuated to better than 10Pa, heating To 730 DEG C, then apply pressure 50MPa, keeps the temperature 3h;
4) processing of crystalline ceramics: after sintering, ceramics sample is taken out, after first being roughly ground with sand paper, then with polishing machine to sample It is processed by shot blasting to get to the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics being sintered at a temperature of 730 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
1) preparation of powder raw material: weighing the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder of 5g, and addition fluorination lithium powder makes the content of lithium fluoride 0.2wt% is added dehydrated alcohol, so that dehydrated alcohol is flooded powder, be placed in ultrasonic cleaner and be ultrasonically treated 60min, then It mixes well, is put into baking oven and is dried for standby;
2) it fills sample: weighing the mixed-powder that 2g step 1) obtains, be fitted into the graphite jig that internal diameter is 16 mm, and use graphite paper Mold and mixed-powder are separated;
3) sintering of crystalline ceramics: the graphite jig filled is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, is evacuated to better than 10Pa, heating To 900 DEG C, then apply pressure 30MPa, keeps the temperature 8h;
4) processing of crystalline ceramics: after sintering, ceramics sample is taken out, after first being roughly ground with sand paper, then with polishing machine to sample It is processed by shot blasting to get to the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics being sintered at a temperature of 900 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
1) preparation of powder raw material: weighing the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder of 5g, and addition fluorination lithium powder makes the content of lithium fluoride 0.5wt% is added dehydrated alcohol, so that dehydrated alcohol is flooded powder, be placed in ultrasonic cleaner and be ultrasonically treated 30min, then fill Divide and mix, is put into baking oven and is dried for standby;
2) it fills sample: weighing the mixed-powder that 2g step 1) obtains, be fitted into the graphite jig that internal diameter is 16 mm, and use graphite paper Mold and mixed-powder are separated;
3) sintering of crystalline ceramics: the graphite jig filled is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, is evacuated to better than 10Pa, heating To 850 DEG C, then apply pressure 50MPa, keeps the temperature 5h;
4) processing of crystalline ceramics: after sintering, ceramics sample is taken out, after first being roughly ground with sand paper, then with polishing machine to sample It is processed by shot blasting to get to the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics being sintered at a temperature of 850 DEG C.
Embodiment 6
1) preparation of powder raw material: weighing the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder of 5g, and addition fluorination lithium powder makes the content 1.0 of lithium fluoride Wt% is added dehydrated alcohol, so that dehydrated alcohol is flooded powder, be placed in ultrasonic cleaner and be ultrasonically treated 50min, then sufficiently It mixes, is put into baking oven and is dried for standby;
2) it fills sample: weighing the mixed-powder that 2g step 1) obtains, be fitted into the graphite jig that internal diameter is 16 mm, and use graphite paper Mold and mixed-powder are separated;
3) sintering of crystalline ceramics: the graphite jig filled is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, is evacuated to better than 10Pa, heating To 750 DEG C, then apply pressure 50MPa, keeps the temperature 5h;
4) processing of crystalline ceramics: after sintering, ceramics sample is taken out, after first being roughly ground with sand paper, then with polishing machine to sample It is processed by shot blasting to get to the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics being sintered at a temperature of 750 DEG C.
Embodiment 7
1) preparation of powder raw material: weighing the commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder of 5g, and addition fluorination lithium powder makes the content of lithium fluoride 1.0wt% is added dehydrated alcohol, so that dehydrated alcohol is flooded powder, be placed in ultrasonic cleaner and be ultrasonically treated 40min, then fill Divide and mix, is put into baking oven and is dried for standby;
2) it fills sample: weighing the mixed-powder that 2g step 1) obtains, be fitted into the graphite jig that internal diameter is 16 mm, and use graphite paper Mold and mixed-powder are separated;
3) sintering of crystalline ceramics: the graphite jig filled is put into vacuum hotpressing stove, is evacuated to better than 10Pa, heating To 700 DEG C, then apply pressure 50MPa, keeps the temperature 8h;
4) processing of crystalline ceramics: after sintering, ceramics sample is taken out, after first being roughly ground with sand paper, then with polishing machine to sample It is processed by shot blasting to get to the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics being sintered at a temperature of 700 DEG C.
For the present invention using lithium fluoride as auxiliary agent, commercially available calcirm-fluoride powder is raw material, prepares calcirm-fluoride by vacuum heating-press sintering Crystalline ceramics.Ultrasonic disperse is used to mixed-powder raw material, mixes calcirm-fluoride with fluorination lithium powder more uniform, sintered Cheng Zhong, added lithium fluoride can promote the densification process of calcirm-fluoride powder, conducive to the preparation of calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics.This Inventing the calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics prepared has good transparency.
It should finally be noted the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is served only for technical solution of the present invention It is described in more detail.Conceive according to the present invention for those skilled in the art the nonessential improvement of make several and Adjustment, all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1.一种以氟化锂为助剂的真空热压烧结制备氟化钙透明陶瓷的方法,其特征在于:具体步骤包括:1. a method for preparing calcium fluoride transparent ceramics by vacuum hot pressing sintering with lithium fluoride as auxiliary agent, is characterized in that: concrete steps comprise: 1)粉末原料的准备:称取设定质量市售氟化钙粉末,添加适量氟化锂粉末,加入无水乙醇,经超声分散、混匀,烘干备用;1) Preparation of powder raw materials: Weigh commercially available calcium fluoride powder of set quality, add an appropriate amount of lithium fluoride powder, add absolute ethanol, disperse by ultrasonic, mix well, and dry for use; 2)装样:将混合粉末装入石墨模具中,并用石墨纸将模具与粉末隔开;2) Sample loading: put the mixed powder into a graphite mold, and separate the mold from the powder with graphite paper; 3)透明陶瓷的烧结:将装填好的石墨模具放入真空热压炉中进行烧结;3) Sintering of transparent ceramics: put the filled graphite mold into a vacuum hot pressing furnace for sintering; 4)陶瓷样品的处理:烧结结束后将陶瓷取出,对样品进行抛光处理,即得到氟化钙透明陶瓷。4) Processing of ceramic samples: after sintering, take out the ceramics, and polish the samples to obtain calcium fluoride transparent ceramics. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种以氟化锂为助剂的真空热压烧结制备氟化钙透明陶瓷的方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤1)中所用氟化钙与氟化锂粉末均为市售,其中氟化钙纯度≥99%,氟化锂纯度≥99.5%。2. A method for preparing calcium fluoride transparent ceramics by vacuum hot pressing sintering with lithium fluoride as auxiliary agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: the calcium fluoride and fluoride used in the step 1) Lithium powders are commercially available, of which the purity of calcium fluoride is ≥99%, and the purity of lithium fluoride is ≥99.5%. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种以氟化锂为助剂的真空热压烧结制备氟化钙透明陶瓷的方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤1)氟化钙与氟化锂混合粉末中,所添加氟化锂粉末的含量为0.2wt%-2.0wt%。3. A method for preparing calcium fluoride transparent ceramics by vacuum hot pressing sintering with lithium fluoride as auxiliary agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step 1) mixing calcium fluoride and lithium fluoride In the powder, the content of the added lithium fluoride powder is 0.2wt%-2.0wt%. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种以氟化锂为助剂的真空热压烧结制备氟化钙透明陶瓷的方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤1)超声分散时间为20min-60min。4 . The method for preparing calcium fluoride transparent ceramics by vacuum hot pressing sintering with lithium fluoride as an auxiliary agent according to claim 1 , wherein the step 1) ultrasonic dispersion time is 20min-60min. 5 . 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种以氟化锂为助剂的真空热压烧结制备氟化钙透明陶瓷的方法,其特征在于:所述的步骤3)中烧结方法为真空热压烧结,烧结温度为700℃-900℃,真空度优于10Pa,压力为30MPa-50MPa,保温时间为3h-8h。5. A method for preparing calcium fluoride transparent ceramics by vacuum hot pressing sintering using lithium fluoride as an auxiliary agent according to claim 1, wherein the sintering method in the step 3) is vacuum hot pressing sintering , the sintering temperature is 700℃-900℃, the vacuum degree is better than 10Pa, the pressure is 30MPa-50MPa, and the holding time is 3h-8h.
CN201811564702.7A 2018-12-20 2018-12-20 A method of calcirm-fluoride crystalline ceramics is prepared by the vacuum heating-press sintering of auxiliary agent of lithium fluoride Pending CN109627005A (en)

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Application publication date: 20190416