CN109601731A - 一种牦牛用复合预混合饲料砖 - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/40—Mineral licks, e.g. salt blocks
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/195—Antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
- A23K50/15—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants containing substances which are metabolically converted to proteins, e.g. ammonium salts or urea
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种牦牛用复合预混合饲料砖，由以下重量份数的各组分组成：食盐50～62份，膨润土6～10份，尿素0～3份，氯化铵3.5～5份，甲酸钙1.5～2.5份，香味剂0.03～0.06份，磷酸氢钙11～16份，硫酸亚铁0.2～0.4份，硫酸铜0.15～0.25份，硫酸锌0.4～0.8份，硫酸镁0.6～0.8份，硫酸锰0.6～0.9份，亚硒酸钠0.04～0.06份，氯化钴0.04～0.06份，碘酸钙0.08～0.13份，瘤胃素0.8～1.1份，复合多维0.8～1.3份，稿草粉50～60份，麦麸30～45份。本发明能为牦牛提供充足的微量元素和维生素，能够有效提高放牧牦牛的采食量及消化效率，加快牦牛的生长育肥速度，改善牦牛肉品质，增强牦牛的抵抗力，有效预防牦牛营养缺乏症、代谢病，提高养殖效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于一种牦牛饲料领域，具体涉及到一种牦牛舔食的复合预混合饲料舔砖。
背景技术
舔砖是将牛羊所需的营养物质经科学配方和加工工艺加工成块状，供牛羊舔食的一种饲料，其形状不一，有的呈圆柱形，有的呈长方形，方形不等。也称块状复合添加剂，通常简称“舔块”或“舔砖”。补饲舔砖能明显改善牛羊健康状况，加快生长速度，提高经济效益。
市场上舔砖的种类参差不齐，价格也相差甚远，按成分区分一般分为营养型和微矿型，目前市场上的舔砖主要适合于低海拔地区反刍动物补饲，没有考虑到高海拔和低氧地区的特点，特别是川西高原地质结构，土壤类型，气候特征，植被类型，因此上述技术无法解决低氧高海拔地区的川西高原特定地域环境里放牧牦牛营养补饲中存在的问题。目前川西高原放牧牦牛养殖过程中，存在着主要植物资源粗蛋白不足而消化率低，矿物微量元素不平衡，抗生素滥用的问题。
川西高原牧区自然条件严酷，牧草生长季节短，畜多草缺，畜牧业生产不稳定，往往形成牧畜夏饱、秋肥、冬瘦、春死的恶性循环，严重制约着牧业生产的发展，在冬春严重缺草的季节，牧畜靠消耗自身储能维持生命。牧畜普遍掉膘，各种疾病暴发，死亡率较高。由于牧区放牧过度，草场严重退化，草场无力提供冬春补饲饲料。寻找适合川西高原的牦牛饲料舔砖是当前刻不容缓的课题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于：针对目前川西高原地区无适宜的饲料舔砖，提供一种牦牛用复合预混合饲料砖。
本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种牦牛用复合预混合饲料砖，由以下重量份数的各组分组成：食盐50～62份，膨润土6～10份，尿素0～3份，氯化铵3.5～5份，甲酸钙1.5～2.5份，香味剂0.03～0.06份，磷酸氢钙11～16份，硫酸亚铁0.2～0.4份，硫酸铜0.15～0.25份，硫酸锌0.4～0.8份，硫酸镁0.6～0.8份，硫酸锰0.6～0.9份，亚硒酸钠0.04～0.06份，氯化钴0.04～0.06份，碘酸钙0.08～0.13份，瘤胃素0.8～1.1份，复合多维0.8～1.3份，稿草粉50～60份，麦麸30～45份。
优选的，该舔砖由以下重量份数的各组分组成：食盐57份，膨润土8份，尿素2份，氯化铵4份，甲酸钙2份，香味剂0.05份，磷酸氢钙14份，硫酸亚铁0.3份，硫酸铜0.2份，硫酸锌0.6份，硫酸镁0.75份，硫酸锰0.8份，亚硒酸钠0.05份，氯化钴0.05份，碘酸钙0.1份，瘤胃素1份，复合多维1份；稿草粉56份，麦麸45份。
优选的，所述复合多维由以下重量份数的各成分组成：维生素A1份，维生素D30.12份，维生素E6份。
综上所述，由于采用了上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果是：
(1)配比了适量氯化铵和尿素共同作为非蛋白氮源。因为牦牛的特殊生长环境，长期只能采食牧草，就会比较缺乏蛋白来源，为了补充充足的蛋白来源发明人添加了部分尿素和氯化铵。氯化铵味咸，在牦牛的饲喂中适口性较尿素好，且氯化铵在瘤胃中的分解速度较尿素慢，所以氯化铵在瘤胃的吸收率也较尿素高，不易发生氨中毒。此外，组成氯化铵的两种离子均可通过肾脏快速代谢，不会在机体组织和动物性产品中聚集残留。
(2)适应性的配比适量瘤胃素，影响碳水化合物的代谢，提高丙酸的比例。
(3)根据牦牛的生理状况、饮食结构、舔食偏好和本舔砖的特点对微量元素和辅料进行重新配比，使本舔砖能很好的适应牦牛的需求。
(4)加快牦牛的生长发育，达到快速育肥的效果。本发明能为牦牛提供充足的微量元素和维生素，能够有效提高放牧牦牛的采食量及消化效率，加快牦牛的生长育肥速度，改善牦牛肉品质，增强牦牛的抵抗力，补充牦牛采食牧草所缺乏的蛋白质、矿物质、维生素，能有效预防牦牛营养缺乏症、代谢病，提高养殖效益。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
按照以下方法生产舔砖：
食盐50份，膨润土6份，尿素0份，氯化铵3.5份，甲酸钙1.5份，香味剂0.03份，磷酸氢钙11份，硫酸亚铁0.2份，硫酸铜0.15份，硫酸锌0.4份，硫酸镁0.6份，硫酸锰0.6份，亚硒酸钠0.04份，氯化钴0.04份，碘酸钙0.08份，瘤胃素0.8份，复合多维0.8份，稿草粉50份，麦麸30份。其中，复合多维包括维生素A1份，维生素D30.12份，维生素E6份。
本实施例采用液压机械成型法制备舔砖，将原料粉碎混合均匀后压制成型。舔砖规格：舔砖长20cm，宽14cm，厚10cm。
实施例2
按照以下方法生产舔砖：
食盐57份，膨润土8份，尿素2份，氯化铵4份，甲酸钙2份，香味剂0.05份，磷酸氢钙14份，硫酸亚铁0.3份，硫酸铜0.2份，硫酸锌0.6份，硫酸镁0.75份，硫酸锰0.8份，亚硒酸钠0.05份，氯化钴0.05份，碘酸钙0.1份，瘤胃素1份，复合多维1份；稿草粉56份，麦麸45份。其中，复合多维包括维生素A1份，维生素D30.12份，维生素E6份。
本实施例采用液压机械成型法制备舔砖，将原料粉碎混合均匀后压制成型。舔砖规格：舔砖长20cm，宽14cm，厚10cm。
实施例3
按照以下方法生产舔砖：
食盐62份，膨润土10份，尿素3份，氯化铵5份，甲酸钙2.5份，香味剂0.06份，磷酸氢钙16份，硫酸亚铁0.4份，硫酸铜0.25份，硫酸锌0.8份，硫酸镁0.8份，硫酸锰0.9份，亚硒酸钠0.06份，氯化钴0.06份，碘酸钙0.13份，瘤胃素1.1份，复合多维1.3份，稿草粉60份，麦麸45份。其中，复合多维包括维生素A1份，维生素D30.12份，维生素E6份。
本实施例采用液压机械成型法制备舔砖，将原料粉碎混合均匀后压制成型。舔砖规格：舔砖长20cm，宽14cm，厚10cm。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (3)
1.一种牦牛用复合预混合饲料砖，其特征在于：由以下重量份数的各组分组成：食盐50～62份，膨润土6～10份，尿素0～3份，氯化铵3.5～5份，甲酸钙1.5～2.5份，香味剂0.03～0.06份，磷酸氢钙11～16份，硫酸亚铁0.2～0.4份，硫酸铜0.15～0.25份，硫酸锌0.4～0.8份，硫酸镁0.6～0.8份，硫酸锰0.6～0.9份，亚硒酸钠0.04～0.06份，氯化钴0.04～0.06份，碘酸钙0.08～0.13份，瘤胃素0.8～1.1份，复合多维0.8～1.3份，稿草粉50～60份，麦麸30～45份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种牦牛用复合预混合饲料砖，该舔砖由以下重量份数的各组分组成：食盐57份，膨润土8份，尿素2份，氯化铵4份，甲酸钙2份，香味剂0.05份，磷酸氢钙14份，硫酸亚铁0.3份，硫酸铜0.2份，硫酸锌0.6份，硫酸镁0.75份，硫酸锰0.8份，亚硒酸钠0.05份，氯化钴0.05份，碘酸钙0.1份，瘤胃素1份，复合多维1份；稿草粉56份，麦麸45份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种牦牛用复合预混合饲料砖，其特征在于，所述复合多维由以下重量份数的各成分组成：维生素A1份，维生素D30.12份，维生素E6份。
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