CN109604494B - Forging method of ultra-large sheep head forging - Google Patents
Forging method of ultra-large sheep head forging Download PDFInfo
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- CN109604494B CN109604494B CN201910037026.6A CN201910037026A CN109604494B CN 109604494 B CN109604494 B CN 109604494B CN 201910037026 A CN201910037026 A CN 201910037026A CN 109604494 B CN109604494 B CN 109604494B
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 255
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 241001074086 Peprilus triacanthus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010583 slow cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/10—Piercing billets
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Abstract
The invention discloses a forging method of an ultra-large sheep head forging, relates to the technical field of forging, and aims to solve the problems of poor mechanical property and low service life of the sheep head forging forged by the existing sheep head forging method. The key points of the technical scheme are that the method comprises the following steps: a. selecting and blanking; b. heating and pre-forging; c. and (5) punching and forming. Wherein the selecting and blanking comprises selecting materials, processing blanks and energizing the blanks; the heating and pre-forging comprises the steps of first-stage heating, preliminary forming, second-stage heating and pre-forging forming; the punching forming comprises the third stage heating and forging forming. Through a series of forging steps, the problems of coarse grains, uneven tissue distribution, shrinkage porosity and air holes of the ultra-large sheep head forging crystal obtained by the traditional forging method are greatly improved, and the forging method has the effects of effectively improving the mechanical properties and prolonging the service life of the forging product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging, in particular to a forging method of an ultra-large sheep head forging.
Background
The impact or pressure is used to deform the metal in an iron abutment or forging die to obtain a forging of the desired shape and size, such a process being known as forging. Forging is one of the important forming methods of metal parts, and can ensure that the metal parts have better mechanical properties so as to meet the use requirements.
The large metal forging generally refers to a forging with the weight of more than 50Kg and the external dimension of more than 500 mm. With the continuous improvement of the existing mechanical equipment and the integration of structural design, ultra-large forgings with the weight exceeding 500Kg and the outline dimension above 2000mm appear. For example, a sheep head forging with a weight of more than 500Kg is one of various ultra-large forgings, and at present, some forging methods for the ultra-large sheep head forgings are also designed by the existing forging manufacturers. For example:
the Chinese patent publication No. CN105903871A discloses a method for forging sheep heads, which comprises the following steps: 1) Selecting and blanking, removing the head and the tail of a blank, and blanking; 2) Heating, namely providing a furnace, wherein the furnace loading temperature is not higher than 1000 ℃, and when the furnace temperature reaches the initial forging temperature, the heat preservation is required for two half hours, and the material sections are fed into the furnace to be orderly sequenced, and are first in first out; 3) Upsetting extrusion, namely adjusting the distance between the main pressing heads to upsett extrusion for forming after the blank is filled into a die, and returning when the stroke of the main pressing heads reaches a set value; 4) Punching, namely adjusting the distance between the punches to a proper position for punching and forming, and returning when the stroke reaches a set value; 5) And cooling, wherein the final forging temperature of the forging is not lower than 800 ℃, and the forging is placed in a sand pit for slow cooling.
However, the prior art solutions described above have the following drawbacks: the final forging is obtained by a one-time upsetting extrusion method and a one-time punching method, so that the forging method is relatively crude, and the problems of coarse grains, uneven tissue distribution, shrinkage porosity, air holes and the like of the formed forging can be caused, so that the mechanical property of the forging product is poor, and the service life is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a forging method of an ultra-large sheep head forging piece, which has the effect of effectively improving the mechanical property and the service life of a forging piece product.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a forging method of an ultra-large sheep head forging piece comprises the following steps:
a. selecting and blanking:
s10, selecting materials: selecting a proper blank, wherein the blank is in a rod shape;
s20, processing blanks: removing the head and tail of the blank along the radial direction of the blank;
s30, blank energization: preheating the blank through a heat treatment furnace, and repeatedly upsetting and drawing the blank reaching the initial forging temperature to finally obtain an energized blank;
b. heating and pre-forging:
s40, heating in the first stage: reheating the energized blank obtained by energizing the blank to the initial forging temperature and preserving the heat for H-I hours;
s50, preliminary molding: performing preliminary molding on the energized blank heated in the first stage on a die forging press by using a preliminary molding die to obtain a preliminary blank matched with the pre-forging die;
s60, heating in a second stage: reheating the preliminary blank obtained by preliminary molding to the initial forging temperature and preserving heat for J-K hours;
s70, pre-forging and forming: performing pre-forging forming on the preliminary blank heated in the second stage by using a pre-forging die on a die forging press to obtain a pre-forging blank matched with a final forging die;
c. punching and forming:
s80, heating in a third stage: reheating the pre-forging stock obtained by pre-forging to the initial forging temperature and preserving the temperature for L-M hours;
s90, forging forming: and (3) carrying out finish forging forming on the pre-forging blank heated in the third stage on a die forging press by using a finish forging die, and punching a proper position of the pre-forging blank by using a punch to obtain a forging piece meeting the design requirement.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, in selecting the unloading step, through the processing of blank and the energization of blank, change each position area of blank repeatedly, the plastic flow of great distance can not appear in the inside of messenger's blank to improve the plasticity of metal, do benefit to the internal quality and the mechanical properties that improve the forging, make it difficult fracture. In the process of heating and pre-forging, the metal plasticity is further improved through preliminary molding and pre-forging molding, and the finally formed pre-forging blank can be matched with a final forging die well, so that the quality of the forged piece formed by punching is further improved. On the other hand, through repeated preheating in the blank energizing stage and heating in three stages, the blank can keep higher temperature in each forging ring all the time, so that the deformation resistance of the forging metal is reduced, and the tonnage and loss of the required forging machinery are reduced.
The invention is further provided with: the step S20 specifically includes the following steps:
s21, removing the head and the tail: cutting off the head and tail of the blank along the radial direction of the blank in a machining mode;
s22, removing a protective layer: the protective layer and/or the oxide layer on the outer side wall of the blank is ground off by means of machining.
By adopting the technical scheme, the protective layer and the formed oxide layer on the surface of the blank can be removed, and the surface of the blank is smooth, so that the blank is not easy to oxidize, decarbonize and burn in the forging process.
The invention is further provided with: in the step S30, upsetting and drawing of the blank are carried out at least three times, and the blank is returned to the furnace to be reheated to the initial forging temperature after upsetting or drawing of the blank is carried out each time.
By adopting the technical scheme, the blank is taken out for upsetting or drawing after being returned to the furnace for heating each time, so that the internal quality and mechanical property of the blank are further improved, the quality of the finally formed forge piece is better, and the service life is longer.
The invention is further provided with: the radial length of the energized blank obtained in step S30 is greater than the radial length of the forging obtained in step S90.
By adopting the technical scheme, a certain margin is reserved for the deformation of the blank, and the energized blank is enabled to be deformed into a forge piece form meeting the design requirement.
The invention is further provided with: the step S40 specifically includes the following steps:
s41, preheating a first-stage press: dividing the preheating of a die forging press into two sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of a preliminary forming die, the second section is the preheating of a press head, the preheating temperature of the first section is 200-260 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the second section is 180-240 ℃;
s42, heating the blank in the first stage: and reheating the energized blank obtained by energizing the blank to the initial forging temperature, and preserving the heat for H-I hours, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1050-1200 ℃.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the step of preheating is carried out preliminary forming die and press pressure head before preliminary shaping step, can slow down the speed of reducing of blank self temperature (can effectively slow down the speed of going away heat transfer through preliminary forming die and press that the temperature is very low promptly) for the blank is difficult for producing cracked problem because the temperature is low but receives great pressure again when preliminary shaping, has effectively guaranteed forging quality.
The invention is further provided with: the step S60 specifically includes the following steps:
s61, preheating a second-stage press: dividing the preheating of a die forging press into two sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of a pre-forging die, the second section is the preheating of a press head, the preheating temperature of the first section is 240-300 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the second section is 220-280 ℃;
s62, heating the blank in the second stage: and reheating the preliminary blank obtained by preliminary molding to the initial forging temperature, and preserving the heat for J-K hours, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1050-1200 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preheating and heating device is similar to the preheating and heating before preliminary forming, can slow down the speed of reducing the temperature of the blank during the preliminary forging forming, and further ensures the quality of the finally formed forging.
The invention is further provided with: the step S80 specifically includes the following steps:
s81, preheating a third-stage press: dividing the preheating of a die forging press into three sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of a final forging die, the second section is the preheating of a press head, the third section is the preheating of a punch, the preheating temperature of the first section is 300-500 ℃, the preheating temperature of the second section is 260-360 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the third section is 500-600 ℃;
s82, heating the blank in the third stage: and reheating the pre-forging stock obtained by pre-forging to the initial forging temperature, and preserving the temperature for L-M hours, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1050-1200 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the preheating and heating device is similar to preheating and heating before forging forming, can slow down the speed of reducing the temperature of the blank when the forging is formed, simultaneously ensures the stability of the punch during drilling, and further ensures the quality of the finally formed forging.
The invention is further provided with: the step S90 specifically includes the following steps:
s91, final forging forming: carrying out finish forging forming on the pre-forging blank heated in the third stage on a die forging press by using a finish forging die to obtain a forging piece which is formed in a preliminary step;
s92, punching and forming: punching a hole at a proper position of the preliminarily formed forging by a punch, and returning the punch when the stroke reaches a set value to obtain the forging meeting the design requirement;
s93, cooling and molding: and (3) placing the forging obtained by punching and molding in lime, slag or sand for slow cooling, wherein the thickness of the cover ash around the forging is more than 120mm.
The invention is further provided with: in the step S93, the temperature of the forging piece ash entering is greater than 850 ℃.
By adopting the technical scheme, the lime, slag or sand is dry, and the ash discharge temperature is not higher than 150 ℃. Through the ash cooling mode, the temperature of the finally formed forging can be slowly reduced, and a relatively stable structure is formed in the forging, so that the finally formed forging has relatively good mechanical properties, and the service life of the forging is greatly prolonged.
The invention is further provided with: the punching process of the punch in the step S92 is divided into three stages, wherein the punching speed of the first stage is 0.5-2 mm/S, the punching speed of the second stage is 2-5 mm/S, and the punching speed of the third stage is 5-10 mm/S.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, initially, the forging surface is smooth, and the speed of punching a hole is lower when punching a hole in the first stage, can make more accurate and stable when punching a hole, avoids the forging to punch a hole near the position and breaks and fall the condition of sediment, has guaranteed the precision that first stage punched a hole. The punching speed of the second stage and the third stage is gradually increased slowly, so that the punching quality can be ensured and the punching efficiency can be improved.
In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
1. through three steps of selecting materials, blanking, heating, pre-forging and punching forming, the area of each part of the blank is repeatedly changed, so that plastic flow with a larger distance cannot occur in the blank, the plasticity of metal is improved, and the inherent quality and mechanical property of the forge piece are improved;
2. the blank is repeatedly preheated in the blank energizing step, the blank is heated to the initial forging temperature again in the three stages, and the die forging press and the corresponding die are preheated in the three stages, so that the blank is not easy to crack or fall off in the three steps, and the quality of the forging is effectively ensured;
3. through the setting of three stages of drift punching, stability and the accuracy that the drift punched a hole have effectively been guaranteed, and then the quality of final fashioned forging has been guaranteed for the precision of forging is higher, accords with initial design requirement more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a forging method of an oversized sheep head forging shown in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another method of forging an oversized sheep head forging, shown in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a process for representing a change in shape of a blank during forging of an ultra-large sheep-head forging in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 10, a first blank; 20. a second blank; 30. a third blank; 40. a fourth blank; 50. and (5) finally forging.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the forging method of the ultra-large sheep head forging disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps:
a. selecting and blanking:
s10, selecting materials: a suitable blank is selected, which is in a rod-like structure (i.e., cylindrical) and is carbon steel.
S20, processing blanks: the head and tail of the blank are removed in the radial direction of the blank to become a first blank 10 (see fig. 3). Specifically, the head and tail of the blank can be removed by cutting, so that the two ends of the blank are flattened, and the protective layer and the oxide layer at the two ends of the blank are removed.
S30, blank energization: the billet is preheated by a heat treatment furnace, and the billet having reached the start forging temperature is repeatedly upset and drawn, to finally obtain an energized billet, i.e., a second billet 20 (refer to fig. 3). The second blank 20 is in a cake shape (i.e., the radial length of the second blank 20 is smaller than the radial length of the first blank 10, but is still cylindrical). Specifically, upsetting and drawing of the blank are carried out at least three times in the step, after upsetting or drawing of the blank is carried out each time, the blank is returned to the furnace and is heated to the initial forging temperature again, then the blank is kept for 0.5-2 hours, and then the blank is taken out for upsetting or drawing. Preferably, the upsetting of the blank in this step is performed 4 times and the drawing is performed 3 times, resulting in an energized blank having a radial length greater than that of the final forging 50 (see FIG. 3).
b. Heating and pre-forging:
s40, heating in the first stage: and reheating the energized blank obtained by energizing the blank to the initial forging temperature and preserving the heat for H-I hours. Specifically, in this step, the blank is heated to the initial forging temperature and then kept for 1 to 2 hours, and the initial forging temperature in this embodiment is 1050 to 1200 ℃.
S50, preliminary molding: the energized blank heated in the first stage is preliminarily formed using a preliminary forming die in a die forging press, and a preliminary blank, that is, a third blank 30 (see fig. 3) which is fitted with the preliminary forming die is obtained. The die forging press in this embodiment is a 4000 ton multi-directional die forging machine.
S60, heating in a second stage: and reheating the preliminary blank obtained by preliminary molding to the initial forging temperature and preserving the heat for J-K hours. Specifically, in the step, the blank is heated to the initial forging temperature and then is kept for 2-4 hours.
S70, pre-forging and forming: the preliminary blank heated in the second stage is subjected to preliminary forging forming using a preliminary forging die in a forging press, and a preliminary forging blank, that is, a fourth blank 40 (see fig. 3) is obtained in cooperation with the final forging die.
c. Punching and forming:
s80, heating in a third stage: and reheating the pre-forging stock obtained by pre-forging to the initial forging temperature and preserving the temperature for L-M hours. Specifically, in the step, the blank is heated to the initial forging temperature and then is kept for 3-5 hours.
S90, forging forming: the pre-forging blank heated in the third stage is subjected to final forging forming by using a final forging die on a die forging press, and a punch is used for punching a proper position of the pre-forging blank, so that a forging meeting the design requirements, namely a final forging 50 (refer to fig. 3) is obtained.
Referring to fig. 2, step S20 specifically includes the steps of:
s21, removing the head and the tail: the head and tail of the blank are cut off in the radial direction of the blank by means of machining.
S22, removing a protective layer: the protective layer and/or the oxide layer on the outer side wall of the blank is ground off by means of machining.
Specifically, the head and tail of the blank may be removed by cutting, and the protective layer and/or oxide layer on the outer sidewall of the blank may be removed by grinding.
Referring to fig. 2, step S40 specifically includes the steps of:
s41, preheating a first-stage press: the preheating of the die forging press is divided into two sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of the primary forming die, the second section is the preheating of the pressure head of the die forging press, the preheating temperature of the first section is 200-260 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the second section is 180-240 ℃. Preferably, the preliminary forming die is preheated to 260 degrees, the pressing head of the die forging press is preheated to 240 degrees to be optimal, and in consideration of the error in temperature heating, the preliminary forming die is generally preheated to about 255 degrees, the pressing head of the die forging press is preheated to about 245 degrees and then enters a heat preservation state, and in the heat preservation state, the temperatures of the preliminary forming die and the pressing head of the die forging press are slowly raised to the optimal temperature.
S42, heating the blank in the first stage: and reheating the energized blank obtained by energizing the blank to the initial forging temperature and preserving the heat for H-I hours.
Referring to fig. 2, step S60 specifically includes the steps of:
s61, preheating a second-stage press: the preheating of the die forging press is divided into two sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of the pre-forging die, the second section is the preheating of the pressure head of the die forging press, the preheating temperature of the first section is 240-300 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the second section is 220-280 ℃. Similar to the first stage preheating, the press heads of the pre-forging die and the die forging press are finally raised to the optimum temperature in the heat-retaining state (the optimum temperature of the pre-forging die is 300 degrees, and the optimum temperature of the press heads of the die forging press is 280 degrees).
S62, heating the blank in the second stage: and reheating the preliminary blank obtained by preliminary molding to the initial forging temperature and preserving the heat for J-K hours.
Referring to fig. 2, step S80 specifically includes the steps of:
s81, preheating a third-stage press: the preheating of the die forging press is divided into three sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of a final forging die, the second section is the preheating of a pressure head of the die forging press, the third section is the preheating of a punch, the preheating temperature of the first section is 300-500 ℃, the preheating temperature of the second section is 260-360 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the third section is 500-600 ℃. Similar to the second stage preheating, the final forging die, the ram of the die forging press and the punch will eventually rise to the optimum temperature in the heat-retaining state (the optimum temperature of the final forging die is 500 degrees, the optimum temperature of the ram of the die forging press is 360 degrees, and the optimum temperature of the punch is 600 degrees).
S82, heating the blank in the third stage: and reheating the pre-forging stock obtained by pre-forging to the initial forging temperature and preserving the temperature for L-M hours.
Referring to fig. 2, step S90 specifically includes the steps of:
s91, final forging forming: and (3) carrying out final forging forming on the pre-forging blank heated in the third stage by using a final forging die on a die forging press to obtain a preliminary formed forging.
S92, punching and forming: punching is carried out at a proper position of the preliminarily formed forging through a punch, and the punch returns when the stroke reaches a set value, so that the forging meeting the design requirement is obtained. Specifically, the punching process of the punch is divided into three stages, wherein the punching speed of the first stage is 0.5-2 mm/s, the punching speed of the second stage is 2-5 mm/s, and the punching speed of the third stage is 5-10 mm/s.
S93, cooling and molding: and (5) placing the forging obtained by punching and molding in lime, slag or sand for slow cooling. Specifically, the temperature of the forging piece ash entering is greater than 850 degrees, and the thickness of the cover ash around the forging piece is greater than 120mm.
The embodiment of the present invention is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in this way, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the invention should be covered in the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The forging method of the ultra-large sheep head forging piece is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. selecting and blanking:
s10, selecting materials: selecting a proper blank, wherein the blank is in a rod shape;
s20, processing blanks: removing the head and tail of the blank along the radial direction of the blank;
s30, blank energization: preheating the blank through a heat treatment furnace, and repeatedly upsetting and drawing the blank reaching the initial forging temperature to finally obtain an energized blank;
b. heating and pre-forging:
s40, heating in the first stage: reheating the energized blank obtained by energizing the blank to the initial forging temperature and preserving the heat for H-I hours;
s50, preliminary molding: performing preliminary molding on the energized blank heated in the first stage on a die forging press by using a preliminary molding die to obtain a preliminary blank matched with the pre-forging die;
s60, heating in a second stage: reheating the preliminary blank obtained by preliminary molding to the initial forging temperature and preserving heat for J-K hours;
s70, pre-forging and forming: performing pre-forging forming on the preliminary blank heated in the second stage by using a pre-forging die on a die forging press to obtain a pre-forging blank matched with a final forging die;
c. punching and forming:
s80, heating in a third stage: reheating the pre-forging stock obtained by pre-forging to the initial forging temperature and preserving the temperature for L-M hours;
s90, forging forming: carrying out finish forging forming on the pre-forging blank heated in the third stage on a die forging press by using a finish forging die, and punching a proper position of the pre-forging blank by using a punch to obtain a forging piece meeting the design requirement;
the step S40 specifically includes the following steps:
s41, preheating a first-stage press: dividing the preheating of a die forging press into two sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of a preliminary forming die, the second section is the preheating of a press head, the preheating temperature of the first section is 200-260 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the second section is 180-240 ℃;
s42, heating the blank in the first stage: reheating the energized blank obtained by energizing the blank to a start forging temperature, and preserving the temperature for H-I hours, wherein the start forging temperature is 1050-1200 ℃;
the step S60 specifically includes the following steps:
s61, preheating a second-stage press: dividing the preheating of a die forging press into two sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of a pre-forging die, the second section is the preheating of a press head, the preheating temperature of the first section is 240-300 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the second section is 220-280 ℃;
s62, heating the blank in the second stage: reheating the preliminary blank obtained by preliminary molding to a start forging temperature, and preserving heat for J-K hours, wherein the start forging temperature is 1050-1200 ℃;
the step S80 specifically includes the following steps:
s81, preheating a third-stage press: dividing the preheating of a die forging press into three sections, wherein the first section is the preheating of a final forging die, the second section is the preheating of a press head, the third section is the preheating of a punch, the preheating temperature of the first section is 300-500 ℃, the preheating temperature of the second section is 260-360 ℃, and the preheating temperature of the third section is 500-600 ℃;
s82, heating the blank in the third stage: and reheating the pre-forging stock obtained by pre-forging to the initial forging temperature, and preserving the temperature for L-M hours, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1050-1200 ℃.
2. The forging method of the ultra-large sheep head forging according to claim 1, wherein the step S20 specifically comprises the following steps:
s21, removing the head and the tail: cutting off the head and tail of the blank along the radial direction of the blank in a machining mode;
s22, removing a protective layer: the protective layer and/or the oxide layer on the outer side wall of the blank is ground off by means of machining.
3. The method for forging a very large sheep head forging according to claim 1, wherein the upsetting and the drawing of the blank in the step S30 are performed at least three times, and the blank is returned to the furnace and reheated to the initial forging temperature after each upsetting or drawing of the blank.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the energized blank obtained in step S30 has a radial length greater than the radial length of the forging obtained in step S90.
5. The forging method of the ultra-large sheep head forging according to claim 1, wherein the step S90 specifically comprises the following steps:
s91, final forging forming: carrying out finish forging forming on the pre-forging blank heated in the third stage on a die forging press by using a finish forging die to obtain a forging piece which is formed in a preliminary step;
s92, punching and forming: punching a hole at a proper position of the preliminarily formed forging by a punch, and returning the punch when the stroke reaches a set value to obtain the forging meeting the design requirement;
s93, cooling and molding: and (3) placing the forging obtained by punching and molding in lime, slag or sand for slow cooling, wherein the thickness of the cover ash around the forging is more than 120mm.
6. The method for forging a very large sheep head forging according to claim 5, wherein the temperature of the forging in step S93 is greater than 850 degrees.
7. The forging method of the ultra-large sheep head forge piece according to claim 5, wherein the punching process of the punch in the step S92 is divided into three stages, wherein the punching speed of the first stage is 0.5-2 mm/S, the punching speed of the second stage is 2-5 mm/S, and the punching speed of the third stage is 5-10 mm/S.
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