CN109450924A - A kind of configurable implementation method of the communications protocol of embedded system - Google Patents
A kind of configurable implementation method of the communications protocol of embedded system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of communications protocol of embedded system can configure implementation method, embedded system platform is provided with the file system separated with embedded software, multiple kinds table is placed in file system, data framing transmission unit and data receiver solving unit are set in embedded software, communications protocol table can configure by calling user, selectable, dynamically configure software and hardware variable and parameter, terminal coupling can expeditiously be completed when communications protocol changes by realizing, and reduce the maintenance cost of communication apparatus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to embedded system communications protocol processing technology fields, more particularly to a kind of based on insertion
The implementation method of the configurable communications protocol of formula communication system.
Background technique
Currently, the raising of the development of computer technology and bus transfer rate therewith, the standard of communications protocol emerge one after another,
Especially in industrial circle, the communication apparatus of different model corresponds to different protocol data formats, and protocol type is various and special
It is stronger with property, in the design implementation of communicating terminal, embedded system as most commonly used communicating terminal framework, be with
Computer processor is core, and software and hardware can be customized design according to communications protocol.
But for traditional embedded communication system, system is after design molding, the communications protocol of software and hardware realization
Format just secures, and if necessary to modify the design parameter of data format in communications protocol, or accesses other models again
When communicating terminal, the software program of system can only be remodified, even redesign hardware circuit, system poor universality, if
Standby maintenance cost is high.
Therefore, the versatility and flexibility of communication system how are improved, reducing cost of equipment maintenance is those skilled in the art
The problem of member's urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of communications protocol of embedded system can configure implementation method, solve
The software and hardware of traditional embedded communication system is both designed as the problem of certain fixation, single protocol data format,
It realizes when the new communications protocol of one kind is changed or accessed again in a certain partial content generation of agreement, system can pass through calling
The communications protocol table that selectable, user can configure dynamically configures variable and parameter in software and hardware, without to system
Software and hardware is substantially modified or is redesigned, and is improved the versatility of system, is reduced cost of equipment maintenance.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of configurable implementation method of the communications protocol of embedded system, comprising: multiple signals processing circuit, FPGA
Data transmission circuit and embedded system platform；The multiple signals processing circuit connects the FPGA data transmission circuit；Institute
FPGA data transmission circuit is stated to be communicated by AXI bus and the embedded system platform；The embedded system platform
Including embedded software, file system and system configuration file；The embedded software includes communication module and the interface UI；It is described
Communication module and the interface UI carry out communication interaction；The communication module is provided with data framing transmission unit and/or data
Receive solving unit；The file system is provided with multiple kinds table；The data framing transmission unit and the data
It receives solving unit and transfers the communications protocol table.
Preferably, the signal processing circuit includes communication interface circuit, level shifting circuit and optical coupling isolation circuit, institute
It states communication interface circuit to be electrically connected with the level shifting circuit, the level shifting circuit is electrically connected with the optical coupling isolation circuit
It connects, the optical coupling isolation circuit connects the FPGA data transmission circuit.
Preferably, the FPGA data transmission circuit realizes serioparallel exchange, the standard of signal according to different communication modes
Protocol conversion, data buffer storage and bus transfer function.
Preferably, the communications protocol table includes agreement essential information and data word, and the agreement essential information includes disappearing
Cease title, transport-type, byte length, source ID, purpose ID, source address, destination address, sending cycle, data direction, the number
It include parameter name, initial position, length, big small end, name code, data storage method, engineering value processing mode, work according to word
Journey value processing parameter, engineering value unit, decimal digits, maximum value and minimum value, the embedded software call the communication association
Discuss table.
Preferably, the embedded software is provided with different communication modules, the communication according to different communication modes
Module uses independent operating mechanism, and the different communication modules calls the different communications protocol tables, the communication module
It further include bus driver block and storage file, the bus driver block driving communication bus read-write data are simultaneously transmitted to described
Storage file is stored.
Preferably, each communication module is divided into main thread and secondary thread, and the main thread is responsible for the communication mould
The human-computer interaction work that the communication flow control of UI interface described in block and control data update, the secondary thread are responsible for controlling institute
Stating bus driver block drives the communication bus to be written and read communication to the data frame of the communication module, and data frame is deposited
It stores up to the storage file.
Preferably, the specific implementation steps are as follows for the data framing transmission unit:
Step 11: the embedded software system initialization, user select this communication apparatus by the interface UI
And communication modes；
Step 12: the embedded software first loads the main thread and carries out the communication module initialization, reads selection
The corresponding communications protocol table of the communication modes, and configure according to the communications protocol table dynamic of the communication module
Variable and the UI interface control；
Step 13: the main thread and the secondary thread suspend mode wait, and user inputs each parametric contol on the interface UI
Numerical value, and confirm after setting completed, by the parameter values assignment into the communication module global variable；
Step 14: the parameter values are converted according to the engineering value processing mode corresponding in the communications protocol table
For unified hexadecimal values format, and according to the initial position of the parameter values and the length, by described ten
Senary numerical value forms data frame described in a frame；
Step 15: calling the secondary thread to control the bus driver block and the communication bus is driven to send the data
Frame is stored in the storage file to FPGA data transmission circuit, and by the data frame；
Step 16: return the main thread judge user whether confirm stopping communication, if not stopping return step 13 after
Continuous that user is waited to input parametric contol numerical value and confirmation setting in the interface UI, otherwise exiting the embedded software terminates
Communication work.
Preferably, the specific implementation steps are as follows for the data receiver solving unit:
Step 21: the embedded software system initialization, user select this communication apparatus by the interface UI
And communication modes；
Step 22: the embedded software first loads the main thread and carries out the communication module initialization, reads selection
The corresponding communications protocol table of the communication modes, and the dynamic of the embedded software is configured according to the communications protocol table
State variable and the UI interface control；
Step 23: in the corresponding main thread of communication modes of user's selection, calling the corresponding secondary thread simultaneously
Described in the secondary thread control bus driver block driving communication bus receives after waiting down trigger, interruption to occur
Data frame；
Step 24: according in the communications protocol table the parameter initial position and the length to the data frame into
Row resolves, and is then converted to the data frame according to the engineering value processing mode as defined in the communications protocol table and described
Communications protocol table parameter corresponds to the data of format；
Step 25: the secondary thread control the bus driver block drive the communication bus by the data store to
In the storage file, the display control numerical value that the main thread updates the interface UI is then returned；
Step 26: judging whether user confirms stopping communication, return step 23 is continued waiting for receiving and be interrupted if not stopping
Triggering, otherwise exiting software terminates communication work.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that compared with prior art, the present disclosure provides a kind of Embeddeds
The communications protocol of system can configure implementation method, is provided with the embedded file system separated with embedded software, is being embedded in
Communications protocol table that a variety of users can configure, selectable is placed in formula file system, while number is set in embedded software
According to framing transmission unit and data receiver solving unit, corresponding communication association is called when carrying out data receiver or data frame is sent
Table is discussed, software and hardware variable and parameter are dynamically configured, terminal can expeditiously be completed when communications protocol changes by realizing
Match, reduces the maintenance cost of communication apparatus
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the embedded communication system architectures schematic diagram that agreement provided by the invention can configure；
Fig. 2 is data framing transmission unit workflow structure schematic diagram provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is data receiver solving unit workflow structure schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of configurable implementation method of the communications protocol of embedded system, comprising: multiple signals processing circuit, FPGA
Data transmission circuit and embedded system platform；Multiple signals processing circuit connects FPGA data transmission circuit；FPGA data passes
Transmission of electricity road is communicated by AXI bus with embedded system platform；Embedded system platform includes embedded software, file system
System and system configuration file；Embedded software includes communication module and the interface UI；Communication module and the interface UI carry out communication interaction；
Communication module is provided with data framing transmission unit or data receiver solving unit；File system is provided with multiple kinds
Table；Data framing transmission unit and data receiver solving unit transfer communications protocol table.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, signal processing circuit includes communication interface circuit, level shifting circuit
And optical coupling isolation circuit, communication interface circuit are electrically connected with level shifting circuit, level shifting circuit and optical coupling isolation circuit electricity
Connection, optical coupling isolation circuit connect FPGA data transmission circuit.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, FPGA data transmission circuit realizes signal according to different communication modes
Serioparallel exchange, standard agreement conversion, data buffer storage and bus transfer function.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, communications protocol table includes agreement essential information and data word, agreement base
This information includes message name, transport-type, byte length, source ID, purpose ID, source address, destination address, sending cycle, number
According to direction, data word include parameter name, initial position, length, big small end, name code, data storage method, at engineering value
Reason mode, engineering value processing parameter, engineering value unit, decimal digits, maximum value and minimum value, embedded software call communication association
Discuss table.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, embedded software is provided with different lead to according to different communication modes
Module is interrogated, communication module uses independent operating mechanism, and different communication modules calls different communications protocol tables, and communication module is also
Including bus driver block and storage file, bus driver block driving communication bus read-write data and be transmitted to storage file into
Row storage.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, each communication module is divided into main thread and secondary thread, and main thread is negative
The human-computer interaction work that the communication flow control and control data for blaming the interface UI in communication module update, that is, pass through communication control mould
Module relevant to the interface UI and the interface UI, which update, in block carries out human-computer interaction work, and secondary thread is responsible for control bus drive module
Driving communication bus is written and read communication to the data frame of communication module, and data frame is stored to storage file.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the specific implementation steps are as follows: S11 for data framing transmission unit: insertion
The initialization of formula software systems, user select this communication apparatus and communication modes by the interface UI；
S12: embedded software elder generation added main line journey carries out communication module initialization, and the communication modes for reading selection are corresponding
Communications protocol table, and according to the dynamic variable and UI interface control of communications protocol table configuration communication module；S13: main thread and time
Thread suspend mode waits, and user inputs each parametric contol numerical value on the interface UI, and confirms after setting completed, and parameter values assignment is arrived
In communication module global variable；
S14: by parameter values according to engineering value processing mode corresponding in communications protocol table be converted to unified 16 into
Numeric format processed, and according to the initial position of parameter values and length, hexadecimal values are formed into a frame data frame；
S15: it calls secondary thread control bus drive module driving communication bus to send data frame to FPGA data and transmits electricity
Road, and data frame is stored in storage file；
S16: it returns to main thread and judges whether user confirms stopping communication, return to S13 if not stopping and continue waiting for user
Parametric contol numerical value and confirmation setting are inputted in the interface UI, otherwise exiting embedded software terminates communication work.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the specific implementation steps are as follows for data receiver solving unit:
S21: embedded software system initialization, user select this communication apparatus and communication modes by the interface UI；
S22: embedded software elder generation added main line journey carries out communication module initialization, and the communication modes for reading selection are corresponding
Communications protocol table, and according to the dynamic variable and UI interface control of communications protocol table configuration embedded software；
S23: it in the corresponding main thread of communication modes of user's selection, calls corresponding secondary thread and waits touching to be interrupted
Hair interrupts secondary thread control bus drive module driving communication bus after occurring and receives data frame；
S24: according in communications protocol table parameter initial position and length data frame is resolved, then according to engineering
Data frame is converted to the data for corresponding to format as defined in communications protocol table with communications protocol table parameter by value processing mode；
S25: secondary thread control bus drive module driving communication bus stores data into storage file, then returns
The display control numerical value at the main thread update interface UI；
S26: judging whether user confirms stopping communication, and S23 is returned if not stopping and continues waiting for receiving down trigger, no
Then exiting software terminates communication work.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, signal processing circuit, FPGA data transmission circuit and embedded system
Platform collectively forms the configurable embedded system of agreement, wherein there are many signal processing circuits, every kind of signal processing circuit packet
Different communication interface circuits is included, different communication protocol signals is received.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the level signal that level shifting circuit transmits communication interface circuit turns
It is changed to the identifiable Transistor-Transistor Logic level of chip.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, optical coupling isolation circuit is electric by level conversion using the principle of photoelectric conversion
The level signal of road transmission is kept apart with the fpga chip input terminal in FPGA data transmission circuit, shielded signal interference source.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, FPGA data transmission circuit is for middle low-speed serial communication modes, such as
RS485, RS422 etc. realize the functions such as the serioparallel exchange, data buffer storage and bus transfer of signal, for high speed communication mode, such as
The functions such as standard agreement conversion, data buffer storage and bus transfer are realized in optical-fibre communications.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, embedded system platform is using ARM as core, using linux system,
Data interaction is carried out with FPGA data transmission circuit in a manner of AXI bus, embedded software mainly realizes that communication signal is real-time
Processing and human-machine interaction data show that file system realizes system file, user using embedded Ubuntu desk file system
The store function of file and communication data file.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, communications protocol table is placed in file system separates with embedded software
It opens, embedded software running communication module initial phase reads the parameter information in communications protocol table, in communication module
Variable and UI interface control carry out dynamic configuration, to realize real-time communication processing and human-computer interaction display function.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the format of communications protocol table both completely provides in overlay protocol
Each parameter information and attribute, it is also contemplated that the feasibility of software design.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the message name in agreement essential information indicates the logical of communications protocol table
Title is interrogated, the group name for UI control is shown；Transport-type indicates the transmission type of message of standard agreement communication modes, such as light
The transaction types of fibre communication SRIO agreement, such as NREAD, NWRITE, SWRITE；One frame byte of byte length presentation protocol
Length, the data length for sending framing and receiving when resolving calculate；Source ID indicates the transmission terminal mark when communication of multiple terminals
Know, judges transmission source for communication bus arbitration between multiple terminals；Purpose ID indicates the reception terminal iidentification when communication of multiple terminals,
Purpose terminal is judged for bus arbitration；Source address indicates data source address when sending the communication of terminal multiaddress；Destination address
Indicate data destination address when receiving the communication of terminal multiaddress；Sending cycle indicates whether communication message has periodicity, if
The message is to communicate in then sending cycle to fill in " aperiodic " manually, when if filling in circulation in automatic communication then sending cycle
Between；Data direction indicates the high-low-position direction of data, is a high position preceding or low for judging supplemental characteristic in communication transfer
Position is preceding；The information of remarks expression user's remarks.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, the parameter name in data word indicates to constitute each parameter of communications protocol
Title, the title for input control and display control are shown；Initial position and length indicate parameters in agreement number
According in frame initial position and length, since the existing parameter for defining length by byte has by bit definitions length in the protocol again
Parameter, so initial position and length attribute carry out the division of parameter position according to bit without exception, for from a frame data
It extracts the data of each parameter or each supplemental characteristic is carried out to the framing of corresponding position；Name code indicates the English of each parameter name
Literary code, the definition of each parameter name when for data storage；Storage mode defined storage mode when being stored for data, point
To there is symbol true form, without types such as symbol true form, complement code and radix-minus-one complements；Engineering value processing mode indicates at the numerical value of each supplemental characteristic
Reason mode and control display mode, including binary system, the decimal system, hexadecimal, band the precision decimal system, binary condition code, ten
Binary state code, hexadecimal status code, time, check word, fixed value etc.；Engineering value processing parameter presses engineering value processing mode
Definition, the parameter is undefined when project treatment mode is binary system, the decimal system, hexadecimal, time and check word, for band precision
The parameter indicates the formula of coefficient and offset when the decimal system, and the parameter indicates status code content when being status code, is fixed value
When the parameter indicate hexadecimal fixed value；Engineering value unit is used for the display of the interface UI numerical value per tag, only in engineering
It is worth effective when processing mode is the band coefficient decimal system；The decimal digits that decimal digits is shown for data processing and the interface UI numerical value
Definition, it is only effective when engineering value processing mode is the band coefficient decimal system；Maximum value and the minimum value regulation interface UI numerical value input
When maximum value and minimum value.
In order to further optimize the above technical scheme, communications protocol table sample table is shown in Table one:
One communications protocol sample table of table
The present invention is the method for protocol conversion and data interaction between the embedded system for realizing that terminal and agreement are configurable,
It is to solidify on the basis of system hardware and software method in traditional communications protocol, propose when carrying out protocol processes to communication system
A kind of Embedded communication system the configurable method of communications protocol.Wherein, the data group in embedded system platform
Frame transmission unit in such a way that agreement is configurable, according to each parameter values of user setting according to processing mode as defined in agreement into
Row format conversion, data framing, data are sent and the work such as data storage；The configurable data receiver of communications protocol resolves single
Member, read agreement table and configure it is similar with data framing transmission unit in dynamic parameter, but in process flow completely not
Together, data receiver solving unit read agreement table configuration dynamic parameter after, according to data receiver, data calculation, format conversion,
The process work that data storage and data are shown.This method is moved by the communications protocol table for calling selectable, user can configure
Configure to state software and hardware variable and parameter, communication system made to adapt to different communications protocol, system flexibility it is good and have compared with
High versatility can expeditiously complete terminal coupling when communications protocol changes, and solving conventional method communication system can
The disadvantage of maintainability difference, reduces the maintenance cost of communication apparatus.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part
It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of communications protocol of embedded system can configure implementation method characterized by comprising multiple signals processing
Circuit, FPGA data transmission circuit and embedded system platform；The multiple signals processing circuit connects the FPGA data and passes
Transmission of electricity road；The FPGA data transmission circuit is communicated by AXI bus and the embedded system platform；It is described embedded
System platform includes embedded software, file system and system configuration file；The embedded software includes communication module and UI
Interface；The communication module and the interface UI carry out communication interaction；The communication module is provided with data framing transmission unit
And/or data receiver solving unit；The file system is provided with multiple kinds table；The data framing transmission unit and
The data receiver solving unit transfers the communications protocol table.
2. a kind of communications protocol of embedded system according to claim 1 can configure implementation method, feature exists
In the signal processing circuit includes communication interface circuit, level shifting circuit and optical coupling isolation circuit, the communication interface electricity
Road is electrically connected with the level shifting circuit, and the level shifting circuit is electrically connected with the optical coupling isolation circuit, the optocoupler
Isolation circuit connects the FPGA data transmission circuit.
3. a kind of communications protocol of embedded system according to claim 1 can configure implementation method, feature exists
In the FPGA data transmission circuit realizes the serioparallel exchange of signal, standard agreement conversion, data according to different communication modes
Caching and bus transfer function.
4. a kind of communications protocol of embedded system according to claim 1 can configure implementation method, feature exists
In the communications protocol table includes agreement essential information and data word, and the agreement essential information includes message name, transmission class
Type, byte length, source ID, purpose ID, source address, destination address, sending cycle and data direction, the data word include parameter
Title, initial position, length, big small end, name code, data storage method, engineering value processing mode, engineering value processing ginseng
Number, engineering value unit, decimal digits, maximum value and minimum value, the embedded software call the communications protocol table.
5. a kind of communications protocol of embedded system according to claim 4 can configure implementation method, feature exists
In the embedded software is provided with different communication modules according to different communication modes, and the communication module is using independent
Operating mechanism, the different communication modules call the different communications protocol tables, and the communication module further includes that bus is driven
Dynamic model block and storage file, the bus driver block driving communication bus read-write data are simultaneously transmitted to the storage file progress
Storage.
6. a kind of communications protocol of embedded system according to claim 5 can configure implementation method, feature exists
In each communication module is provided with mission thread, and the mission thread includes main thread and secondary thread, and the main thread is negative
The human-computer interaction work that the communication flow control and control data for blaming the interface UI described in the communication module update, the secondary line
Journey, which is responsible for controlling the bus driver block, drives the communication bus to be written and read communication to the data frame of the communication module,
And data frame is stored to the storage file.
7. a kind of communications protocol of embedded system according to claim 6 can configure implementation method, feature exists
In the data framing transmission unit sends data, and the specific implementation steps are as follows:
Step 11: the embedded software system initialization, user select this communication apparatus by the interface UI and lead to
News mode；
Step 12: the embedded software first loads the main thread and carries out the communication module initialization, reads the institute of selection
The corresponding communications protocol table of communication modes is stated, and configures the dynamic variable of the communication module according to the communications protocol table
With the UI interface control；
Step 13: the main thread and the secondary thread suspend mode wait, and user inputs each parametric contol numerical value on the interface UI,
And confirm after setting completed, by the parameter values assignment into the communication module global variable；
Step 14: the parameter values are converted into system according to the engineering value processing mode corresponding in the communications protocol table
One hexadecimal values format, and according to the initial position of the parameter values and the length, by described 16 into
Numerical value processed forms data frame described in a frame；
Step 15: calling the secondary thread to control the bus driver block and the communication bus is driven to send the data frame extremely
FPGA data transmission circuit, and the data frame is stored in the storage file；
Step 16: returning to the main thread and judge whether user confirms stopping communication, return step 13 continues if not stopping
Parametric contol numerical value and confirmation setting are inputted in the interface UI to user, otherwise exiting the embedded software terminates to communicate
Work.
8. a kind of communications protocol of embedded system according to claim 6 can configure implementation method, feature exists
In simultaneously the specific implementation steps are as follows for resolved data for the data receiver solving unit reception:
Step 21: the embedded software system initialization, user select this communication apparatus by the interface UI and lead to
News mode；
Step 22: the embedded software first loads the main thread and carries out the communication module initialization, reads the institute of selection
The corresponding communications protocol table of communication modes is stated, and is become according to the dynamic that the communications protocol table configures the embedded software
Amount and the UI interface control；
Step 23: in the corresponding main thread of communication modes of user's selection, calling the corresponding secondary thread and wait
Down trigger interrupts the secondary thread after occurring and controls the bus driver block driving communication bus reception data
Frame；
Step 24: according in the communications protocol table the parameter initial position and the length data frame is solved
It calculates, is then converted to the data frame as defined in the communications protocol table and the communication according to the engineering value processing mode
Agreement table parameter corresponds to the data of format；
Step 25: the secondary thread controls the bus driver block and the communication bus is driven to store the data to described
In storage file, the display control numerical value that the main thread updates the interface UI is then returned；
Step 26: judge whether user confirms stopping communication, return step 23 continues waiting for receiving down trigger if not stopping,
Otherwise exiting software terminates communication work.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111030867A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | DIP switch-based communication acquisition device and communication protocol-free configuration method |
| CN113050554A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-06-29 | 深圳市显控科技股份有限公司 | Man-machine interactive multi-protocol communication method and medium |
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